Ideological Identity Research Articles

AVALA: FROM A SYMBOLIC TOPOS OF SERBIA TO THE MONUMENT OF YUGOSLAVIA

The purpose of this paper is to reveal how, over the time, Avala was put on the map, and became an influential symbolic topos of Serbian national memory. Furthermore, having fostered the evocation of national tradition related to this place, using the natural characteristics of this particular area and by the means of updating its exceptional historical and memorial capacity, Avala gained a highly committed and symbolic meaning in the mental geography of our nation. Later on, this potential was recognized as a tempting opportunity to create a monument with an overwhelming capacity for imposing a newly created Yugoslav cultural model by means of a highly needed transforming and re-designing the ideological identity of Avala. Raising a prominent national monument, the memorial complex to the Unknown Hero on Avala, near Belgrade, is a paradigm of obliteration, redefinition and alteration of tradition and collective memory. In the case of Avala we can clearly follow the process of exploitation and revision of the strategically selected image of the past and its adaptation to the needs of the current period.

Ideological Identification and Support for Government Spending

Ideological Identification and Support for Government Spending

THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL IDENTITY STRATUM IN HENRIK IBSEN’S A DOLL HOUSE: A NEW PERSPECTIVE TO IDENTITY

Based on Bakhtin’s theories of dialogism and stratification, the paper suggests that individual identity is not unified, is not a complete whole, and is not static rather identity with its diverse strata is dynamic, developing and evolving. Gender identity, cultural identity, linguistic identity, imposed identity, ideological identity, spacial identity, national identity, racial identity, topographical identity and even diverse sorts of hybrid identities such as socio-political identity, socio-linguistic, socio-cultural are just some strata of individual’s nonhomogeneous identity. For matters of space and time, the present paper seeks to prove the existence of social identity based on Alfred Adler’s theory of Individual Psychology and the concepts of superiority complex and inferiority complex and their representative causes such as social interest, style of life, and masculine protest. Looking from a different angle, the paper discusses superiority and inferiority complexes as the building blocks of social identity. Moreover, social interest, style of life, and masculine protest are the forming factors of the complexes and henceforth the stratum of social identity. The theories are applied on Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House to study the development and suppression of social identity in Nora which lead her to seek her released un-imposed identity. Released un-imposed identity is interpreted in power structure relations as dissident or rebellious identity.

Emotional Separation, Autonomy in Decision-Making, and Psychosocial Adjustment in Adolescence: A Proposed Typology

Adolescence is critical for learning autonomous behavior; however, little research is available on the most appropriate balance of the emotional and behavioral dimensions of autonomy for psychosocial adjustment during this period. In this study we present a novel autonomy typology that combines both these aspects, which can be implemented as autonomy in decision-making and emotional separation. Specifically, examined age differences in emotional separation and autonomy in decision-making during adolescence. We also assessed differences in psychosocial adjustment associated with profiles of autonomy typology, sex, and age. The participants were 567 adolescents (296 males and 271 females), aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 14.48; SD = 1.69), recruited in Spanish high schools. Each participant filled out questionnaires on identity commitment, self-esteem, emotional separation and autonomy in decision-making. The results showed that the most advantageous autonomy profile is ‘autonomous in decisions’ (those showing low emotional separation combined with autonomous behavior in decisions) which was associated with higher levels of self-esteem and occupational and ideological identity commitment. In addition, we also concluded that the balance of autonomy affects adjustment throughout adolescence, although early adolescence may be an especially critical period.

On the Dynamics of Ideological Identification: The Puzzle of Liberal Identification Decline

Our focus is a puzzle: that ideological identification as “liberal” is in serious decline in the United States, but at the same time support for liberal policies and for the political party of liberalism is not. We aim to understand this divorce in “liberal” in name and “liberal” in policy by investigating how particular symbols rise and fall as associations with the ideological labels “liberal” and “conservative.” We produce three kinds of evidence to shed light on this macro-level puzzle. First, we explore the words associated with “liberal” and “conservative” over time. Then we take up a group conception by examining the changing correlations between affect toward “liberals” and affect toward other groups. Finally, we consider the changing policy correlates of identification.

Turecka Partia Sprawiedliwości i Rozwoju (AKP) – na drodze ku „Nowej Turcji”

This paper aims at presenting the political route of the pro-Islamic Justice and Development Party (tur. Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) that is ruling Turkey since 2002. The party`s discourse visibly reduces vital political, social and economical processes to the confrontation of “new” Turkey with an “old” one. The former is an immanent part of party`s ideological identity thus evolved substantially during past fifteen years. All this issues will be analyzed in this paper.

Génesis e identidad del grupo fundacional de la ACN de JP (1904-1909)

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la génesis de la histórica «Asociación Católico-Nacional de Jóvenes Propagandistas» (posteriormente, ACN de P) a partir de su gestación y preparación previa en la congregación madrileña de los «Luises» entre 1904 y 1909. Para ello, el texto se centra en su acción a través de su órgano de expresión, Hojas Sueltas, y en sus primeras conferencias públicas. Asimismo, se da a conocer la identidad del grupo fundacional de la ACN de JP, ya que los nombres completos y semblanzas del conjunto de estos miembros cofundadores eran prácticamente desconocidos. Finalmente, el texto aporta algunas conclusiones para clarificar la identidad ideológica del grupo.

Islamisation and Militarisation of Pak Society

Abstract It is in the name of Islam that the country has created an image of being the most potent source of religious terrorism, which poses a threat to peace and stability in large parts of the globe. This conception of a Pakistani ideology and Pakistani identity based on Islam was put forward by the religious circles rather than the founding fathers of the nation. At the time of independence even the secular ideologists were also looking at Islam as the key symbol which consolidated the newly born and somewhat anomalous nation. The motive force for Pakistan came largely from the middle class Muslims of North India, many of whom had been educated at Aligarh. At some level, they identified with the ideas of Syed Ahmad Khan and Mohammad Iqbal along with the leaders of Muslim League including Mohammad Ali Jinnah. They all thought sincerely about the application of Islamic principles, but they certainly did not regard the movement for Pakistan as an effort to re-create some kind of a “golden age” in Islam or to re-establish Wahabiism. Over the years the social fabric of modern Pakistan underwent a radical change towards Islamisation and militarization. The paper aims to study the changes in Pak society, it however, is beneficial in studying any pro-religion society whose ruler, too, is committed to do the same way and play a significant role in changing social character of the nation like Pakistan.

The Transformation of Ideology and the Construction of the Discourse System of Socialism With Chinese Characteristics

Whether ideology can be successfully transformed is closely related to the construction of the discourse system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Since reform and opening up, the transformation of ideology has been mainly carried out in two aspects: national ideology and mass ideology. In the transformation of national ideology, the key points of the construction of the discourse system of socialism with Chinese characteristics include the following aspects: strengthening theoretical research on the classical works of Marx; strengthening the awareness of the problem and highlighting the Chinese perspective based on practice; persisting in the mass line to realize the innovation of the discourse system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the transformation of public ideology, the key points include: paying attention to and study the actual life of different groups and ideas on behalf of their interests and values in society; seeking “greatest common divisor” in folk moral value system; establishing a legal, broad, smooth and effective channel; forming social consensus and enhancing ideological identity in discussion of theoretical perspectives representing different social groups.

Ideological Identities in Afghanistan: A Critical Examination of the Emergence of “Singular” Identities before the Soviet Occupation

People are multi-identited subject to multiple layers of identities, some more pronounced than others. The level of significance attached to each identity is dependent on different factors, among them spatiality and temporality. In extreme cases, one identity is brought to the forefront of all others, potentially at the expense of all others. For such shuffling and reshuffling to take place, often a choice is made by the subject/object. This space for choice and agency could be minimized, influenced by others, or simply rendered nonexistent by those who are willing and wield significant power. This article examines the adoption of singular identities by the Afghans who took part in the Jihad and became Mujahidin, an American-supported insurgency that resisted Soviet occupation and its satellite state in Kabul in the 1980s. This paper argues that the space for deliberation and critical engagement by potential recruits was organized in such a way that little to no scrutiny was allowed when inviting potential recruits to adopt the mantle of the Mujahid. Safeguarding Afghanistan’s independence, introduction of radical Islamism, and deliberate targeting of specific parts of the populace, is fundamental to that intervention.

Totalitarianism and the end of the end-of-ideology

Is there such a thing as totalitarian ideology? In an earlier era, the end-of-ideology thesis answered that there was, albeit in order to do so the authors of the thesis articulated a notoriously weak theory of ideology itself – one long since discredited. Ever since the thesis’ heyday in the 1950s, there has been confidence about theorizing, in separation, both fascist ideology and communist ideology. However, there has been considerably less confidence about describing an ideology of totalitarianism per se which might, amongst other things, straddle the two. The argument of this article is that such discomfort should cease. Totalitarianism has distinctive ideological identity in its own right, and the term itself refers (or should refer) to more than simply the regime stage assumed by extremist political movements. But in order to make this argument stick, the challenge is in part methodological: it is to find the conception of ideology most up to the job. Many of the standard conceptions prove unavailable. In their place, totalitarian ideology should be (re)thought on the notion of the ‘recalcitrant text’, insofar as incoherence is the main problem involved. This holds general lessons for methodology in ideology studies, and for the problem of identification in particular. In a word, we are far too choosy about the objects we are prepared to devote meaningful time to study, and in the process we sell short our potential to apprehend a multi-layered ideological field.

Religiously Fashionable: Constructing Identity of Urban Muslimah in Indonesia

The rise of hijabers community in various major cities in Indonesia has led to a new identity of Muslimah (Muslim women) in urban areas. By focusing on Hijabers Community Bandung (HCB), this paper outlines the facts about how this community responds to modernity and globalization in a positive way by creating its own global tastes. The inventions of styles those adjusted with the Islamic values generally showed the phenomenon of hijab transformation as a symbol of modernity which was implicated in the emergence of new identities of urban Muslimah. Using participant observation and in-depth interview, this study reveals several things, among others; First , HCB members have attempted to construct their identity by means of legitimizing identity, resistance identity and projecting identity. Second , HCB proves that their existence is not only manifested through the appearance, but also the implementation of a number of socio-religious activities. Third , HCB demonstrates that wearing hijab is part of a symbolic communication over ideological identity, community affiliation, and social status. In general, the identity of urban Muslimah that constructed by HCB are those are accommodated modern culture without leaving their identity as Muslimah.

Identity of Agent Heterogeneity, Mobile Network Effect and Mainstream Ideology: Based on Empirical Test of 56 Universities in Zhejiang

With the rapid development of the social information network, the contact time and content of college students for mobile network will necessarily affect the Identity of mainstream ideology. Focus on the effects of agent heterogeneity, mobile network contacts and interaction effects on the identity of mainstream ideology to overcome the past or only the main features, or simply break though from single marginal side of network contacts, focusing on break though from double marginal sides of agent heterogeneity and mobile network contacts, constructing interaction theoretical framework and the discrete choice models. The research results showed that browsing time has no significant influence on recognition degree of mainstream ideology, browsing contents has a positive role in promoting the degree of recognition of mainstream ideology; browsing time has no significant regulatory role on recognition degree of mainstream ideology, while browsing contents has significant effects of positive reinforcement, there is part difference on men and women inspection. According to it to construct main principles, implementation path, specific means and supporting measures that should be followed by the recognition degree of mainstream ideology.

Collective Trauma From the Lab to the Real World: The Effects of the Holocaust on Contemporary Israeli Political Cognitions

This research tested whether chronic or contextually activated Holocaust exposure is associated with more extreme political attitudes among Israeli Jews. Study 1 (N = 57), and Study 2 (N = 61) found that Holocaust primes increased support for aggressive policies against a current adversary and decreased support for political compromise via an amplified sense of identification with Zionist ideology. These effects, however, were obtained only under an exclusive but not an inclusive framing of the Holocaust. Study 3 (N = 152) replicated these findings in a field study conducted around Holocaust Remembrance Day and showed that the link between Holocaust exposure, ideological identification, and militancy also occurs in real‐life settings. Study 4 (N = 867) demonstrated in a nationally representative survey that Holocaust survivors and their descendants exhibited amplified existential threat responses to contemporary political violence, which were associated with militancy and opposition to peaceful compromises. Together, these studies illustrate the Holocaustization of Israeli political cognitions 70 years later.

Religiosity, political conservatism, and support for legalized abortion: A bivariate ordered probit model with endogenous regressors

Using pooled data from the General Social Surveys, we estimated a bivariate ordered probit model of support for legalized elective- and traumatic- based abortions. Unlike past literature, we treat religiosity (practice and salience), religious orthodoxy, political ideology, and party identification as endogenous regressors. Religious orthodoxy is found to reduce the probability of supporting legalized abortions while religiosity increases it. Increases in political conservatism reduce the probability of supporting legalized abortions by substantial amounts. Surprisingly, movement along the party identification spectrum from strong Democrat to strong Republican increases the likelihood of supporting legalized abortion, likely reflecting the greater importance attached to limited government and the preservation of individual freedoms, after controlling for religious orthodoxy and self-placement along the liberal conservative dimension. Quantitatively, however, the negative impacts of increased political conservatism are dominant

The Cultural Study of Dariush Mehrjui’s Adaptation of "<i>A Doll’s House</i>" by Henrik Ibsen in the Light of Linda Hutcheon’s Theory of Adaptation

This paper examines the crucial interplay between cultural studies and translation. It attempts to shed light on how cultural elements such as gender, ideology and social identity, which necessitate doing adaptation, show that an adaptation is a kind of translation. To this end, the present research explored how Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House was introduced to Persian culture as a movie entitled Sara by Dariush Mehrjui, mediated by apprehending the intended function and meaning of the original work and its proximity to the cultural elements application of the Iranian audience, through which Nora in Norway could be ‘translated’ to Sara in Iran, to enlighten both audience. Considering Andre Lefevere’s notions on ideology and Linda Hutcheon’s theory of adaptation, the descriptive and comparative analysis of characters’ Dialogue and element style in A Doll’s House and Sara represented the effect of cultural elements in doing adaptation and yielded that cultural elements interfere or necessitate adapting from the literatures of other cultures or nations.

Godot, an Israeli Critic

Godot is not only offstage, he is the personification of offstage. Though years of (missed) encounters have passed since he was absent from his first appearance in 1955, Israelis still regard him as born and bred in their own neighbourhood. As a once-new immigrant to a country of immigrants, Godot’s familiarity has rapidly developed, and from one Israeli production to the next he has grown to be a doppelganger, an open-eyed though mute spokesman, an active and activating contradiction in terms: a dark mirror held up to Israeli values, ideas and behaviours. As an unseen, aggressively passive partner, Godot has been harnessed to absorb and then project major Israeli mental, social, political and ideological issues and identities.

Discourse of transformation in organizational change management

This study examines the discursive construction of ideological change and identity within the practice of organisational control in organisational change management. The focus of the study was to examine how the organisation through its large-scale reengineering process to implement organisational change initiatives appropriated discourse of transformation to effect change among its organisational members. The organisation’s focus is to change mindsets and persuade members to embrace characteristics, traits, attitudes and behaviour that are deemed to be beneficial to the organisation. Discourse of transformation is used as an object of discursive construction of reality in the construction of an ‘ideal’ member identity and ideological change. The theoretical framework for the study is informed by theories of identity and ideology in discourse, theories of power and language as articulated in the field of critical discourse analysis. The data consist of transcripts of ‘Sharing Sessions’ which were transcribed verbatim. The analytical framework for the textual analysis of identity and ideology is developed on a basis of a combination of concepts and methods namely, [1] analysis, intertextual analysis, Antaki and Widdicombe’s principles for analysing identity in talk and [2] modes of identity regulation.

남ㆍ북한 통일을 위한 역사적 연속성과 이념적 동질성 확인 : 식민지 시대 한국민족주의 전개과정

남ㆍ북한 통일을 위한 역사적 연속성과 이념적 동질성 확인 : 식민지 시대 한국민족주의 전개과정

Cycles in public opinion and the dynamics of stable party systems

We study a dynamic model of elections where many parties may enter or exit political competition. At each election a new political leadership arrives for each party. The leadership cannot choose the party's platform (ideological identities are fixed) but must decide whether or not to contest the election. Contesting elections is costly and this cost is higher if the party has recently been inactive. The distribution of voters' ideal policies, or public opinion, changes over time via a Markov process with a state independent persistence parameter. We characterise stable party systems where the set of contestants is invariant to the recent most observed opinion. We show that stable party systems exist only when public opinion is sufficiently volatile, while highly persistent moods lead to instability and change in the party system whenever public opinion changes.