Ideological Identity Research Articles

Genre Features of the Novel Epic in Ossetian Literature: Correlation between Ideological and National-Ethnic

The specific features of epic narration in the Ossetian novel prose (1940-1960) in the context of the all-Russian literary process are considered. The problem solved in the article is actualized in the light of the conceptual differences that emerged in the post-Soviet era in the interpretation of the essence of the concept of “epic novel”, in the attribution of its genre status. The purpose of the article is to specify the typology of the epic chronotope and character system, to identify the issues of the structural completeness of works. A typological method is used with the use of an axiological approach, which allows us to focus both on the spiritual and content aspect of artistic searches and on the pseudo-scale tendencies in the novel-epic practice of the aforementioned decades. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time, using the example of Ossetian prose, the process of the emergence of a new genre variety in national literatures is investigated. Special attention is paid to the aspects of deactualization of the national-ethnic in the behavioral sphere of characters in favor of sharpening their ideological identity. At the same time, it is shown that in the system of images, in the very poetics of narration, through the ideological sharpening inevitable for time, an orientation toward the foundations of national consciousness, toward the spiritual and historical experience of the people appears. It is concluded that works of an epic type, despite the tangible costs of an ideological and partly aesthetic order, were a new stage in the interpretation of epoch-making events of the past by Ossetian literature in their conjunction with the life of the people, the microcosm of the family and the individual.

Transformation of Space-Temporal and Value-Semantic Components of the Image of the World during the University Studies

The study features the image of the world of the university students and verifies its structural and content model of chronotopic characteristics. It includes subjective space-temporal and value-semantic components. An empirical study resulted in a phenomenological description of the image of the world that students develop at university. The paper focuses on the transformation of these spatial-temporal and value-semantic components in the learning process. The study involved 450 students from 10 cities of the Russian Federation. They showed a low level of development and insufficient dynamics of subjective chronotopic characteristics of the world image. This result was especially prominent in students working for their Master's degree. Neither did they reveal any progress in professional, civil, and ideological identity, nor any semantic connection between the past, present, and future. The participants demonstrated a low level of meaningfulness of life and individual time locus. The value disorientation manifestations were high, while the significance of the bottom materialistic values was low. The authors believe that students need a better system of psychological and pedagogical support to develop an integral chronotopic system of the image of the world. The article introduces some priority directions of psychological and pedagogical support that could help students to develop identity, time perspective, and the system of value and semantic orientations.

The host of the region: Johann Cornies and the colonization processes in the Southern West of the Russian Empire (the first half of the 19th century)

The purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of Johann Cornies who was an informal leader of the Mennonite colonies at the first half of the 19th century. Research methods. The author uses general historical research methods, analysis of sources and contemporary historiography to recreate the image of this article hero. Results. A skillful owner and a successful entrepreneur, Cornies ran a number of business associations (“Forestry Society”, “Society for the Improvement of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce Union”) founded by the Mennonites at the request of the Guardianship Committee. In 1820–1848 Cornies focused his activities on a comprehensive and interrelated process of the settlements’ and the region’s development. Those included the tasks of economic development and the search for this region specialization, as well as market relations introduction, administrative integration, colonization, social assimilation and ethnic consolidation. Cornies was motivated by his conviction of the importance of the market way of the Mennonite and surrounding settlements’ development. His innovative projects impacted the economic promotion of the settlements (their ways of agriculture, fine-fleeced sheep farming, cultivation of industrial crops, irrigation, and forestry) and contributed into the development of the region as a whole. Cornies also implemented social projects, reformed education, was interested in the development of scientific knowledge. Johann Cornies was not a part of the bureaucratic system of the administrative vertical in the Empire, but he was a kind of link that connected the vertical with economic structures at the local level. The Cornies’ phenomenon was a manifestation of the closed Protestant congregations’ under the conditions of colonization development, when they needed for economic adaptation and the preservation of their ideological identity. Mennonite society, which had traditions of religious isolation, could not perceive the leader imposed by the authorities. However, the congregations also needed the kind of personalities as Cornies was. He was a leader from their own environment, with “broad optics” of view, ideological breakthrough ability and analytical skills. In a general retrospective of the analysis of the economic development of settlements, the phenomenon of Cornies’ activity confirms that Mennonite society had the ability to self-reform, which provided them with a high position in the modernization processes of the Russian Empire. Practical value: can be used for synthesis works on the problems of colonization and Protestantism in the Southern West of the Russian Empire. Novelty. The image of the leader of the Protestant type in the Mennonite colonies was created. Type of article: theoretical and analytical.

A Pragmemic Analysis of Igbo Postproverbials

Abstract Igbo proverbs (Ilu Igbo) are linguistic expressions which projects principles with the intent to address diverse social, political, economic and culturally contextual issues that bother on values, morals and the identity of the Igbo people of Eastern Nigeria. Proverbs are handed down to different generations by speech acts of storytelling, conversing, rebuking or admonishing. The researchers carried out a pragmatic analysis of Igbo proverbs as a social practice, to establish their meaning and how its social significance are internalized and continually recreated. Language is central to the process of producing meaning. Using the Theory of Pragmeme by Jacob Mey (2001), the paper evaluates the pragmatic acts, the extent to which some of these proverbs are reformed and doctored, yet, maintain qualities of the Igbo culture while accommodating the identity of the 21st century ideology of the Igbo people. Primary and secondary methods of data collection are adopted. Being a qualitative study, the research randomly selected 12 Igbo proverbs that cut across the five Igbo speaking states of eastern Nigeria. The findings are that Igbo proverbs are essentially custodians of the Igbo cultural identity and orientalism, most proverbs have been moderated to fit the emerging trends in the identity of the Igbo ancestry.

Islamic Education as Ideological Marketing in Contemporary Indonesian Islam

In reformation era since 1998, the religious movements have had momentum to express their ideological identities. This has an impact on the strengthening of contestation between religious groups in Islam. These religious groups use Islamic educational institutions as a forum to instill and promote their respective ideologies. This research aims to analyze the background of the historical ideological rivalry of religious groups, and how Islamic educational institutions serve as a marketing platform for their ideology. This research uses a qualitative approach with contestation theory as the analytic framework. This research argues that the use of Islamic educational institutions as a forum for ideological competition and promotion between Islamic groups today is a repetition of sectarian competition in the middle ages. However, it contemporary competition is more complex because it involves religious movements across the countries.

Review: The Sociology of Identity: The Dialectics of Consciousness, Deconstruction and Reconstruction, by Abdulghani Imad

Review: The Sociology of Identity: The Dialectics of Consciousness, Deconstruction and Reconstruction, by Abdulghani Imad

The Association Between Threat and Politics Depends on the Type of Threat, the Political Domain, and the Country

Theories link threat with right-wing political beliefs. We use the World Values Survey (60,378 participants) to explore how six types of threat (e.g., economic, violence, and surveillance) are associated with multiple political beliefs (e.g., cultural, economic, and ideological identification) in 56 countries/territories. Multilevel models with individuals nested in countries revealed that the threat-political belief association depends on the type of threat, the type of political belief, and the country. Economic-related threats tended to be associated with more left-wing economic political beliefs and violence-related threats tended to be associated with more cultural right-wing beliefs, but there were exceptions to this pattern. Additional analyses revealed that the associations between threat and political beliefs were different across countries. However, our analyses identified few country characteristics that could account for these cross-country differences. Our findings revealed that political beliefs and perceptions of threat are linked, but that the relationship is not simple.

The dynamics of Twitter users\u2019 gun narratives across major mass shooting events

This study reveals a shift of gun-related narratives created by two ideological groups during three high-profile mass shootings in the United States across the years from 2016 to 2018. It utilizes large-scale, longitudinal social media traces from over 155,000 ideology-identifiable Twitter users. The study design leveraged both the linguistic dictionary approach as well as thematic coding inspired by Narrative Policy Framework, which allows for statistical and qualitative comparison. We found several distinctive narrative characteristics between the two ideology groups in response to the shooting events—two groups differed by how they incorporated linguistic and narrative features in their tweets in terms of policy stance, attribution (how one believed to be the problem, the cause or blame, and the solution), the rhetoric employed, and emotion throughout the incidents. The findings suggest how shooting events may penetrate the public discursive processes that had been previously dominated by existing ideological references and may facilitate discussions beyond ideological identities. Overall, in the wake of mass shooting events, the tweets adhering to the majority policy stance within a camp declined, whereas the proportion of mixed or flipped stance tweets increased. Meanwhile, more tweets were observed to express causal reasoning of a held policy stance, and a different pattern in the use of rhetoric schemes, such as the decline of provocative ridicule, emerged. The shifting patterns in users’ narratives coincide with the two groups distinctive emotional response revealed in text. These findings offer insights into the opportunity to reconcile conflicts and the potential for creating civic technologies to improve the interpretability of linguistic and narrative signals and to support diverse narratives and framing.

The Ideational Foundations of Symbolic Ideology

Theories of symbolic ideology view it as an affective orientation untouched by ideational content. Drawing on Shalom Schwartz's theory of basic human values, we propose that four bedrock values—universalism, openness to change, conservation, and self‐enhancement—shape symbolic ideology. We explore whether politically sophisticated and unsophisticated individuals ground symbolic ideological identities in cognitive values to a comparable degree. Using data from two nationally representative U.S. surveys, we find that universalism and conservation predict liberal‐conservative attachments for people at all levels of sophistication. By contrast, openness to change and self‐enhancement values appear to have little influence on symbolic ideology. The universalism and conservation effects hold controlling for multiple psychological and individual differences variables. These results suggest that ideational predispositions play a substantial role in shaping symbolic ideology.

Value extremity contributes to affective polarization in the US

AbstractA wealth of research documents the rise of affective polarization, or the increasing disdain for the out-party in American politics. In this paper, we analyze ANES data from 1988 to 2016 to investigate the contribution of core value polarization to the phenomenon of out-party enmity. We find that greater differences in fundamental principles relate significantly to emotionally intense evaluations of the opposing party and its candidates, as well as the ideological out-group, independent of issue attitude extremity and the strength of one's partisan and ideological identities. Moreover, ANES panel data from 1992 to 1996 reveal that past value extremity promotes future affective polarization. These results are important for our understanding of the nature and extent of value-based polarization in American politics.

Exceptional Inclusion: Understanding the PKK’s Gender Policy

The PKK’s gender policy, which includes maintaining a fighting force that is 40% female and the promotion of women’s liberation as a key component of its political platform, makes the PKK an outlier among both Kurdish nationalist groups and leftist armed movements in the Middle East. Based on interviews with members of the PKK’s allied civilian political movement and former PKK combatants, this paper argues that rather than being a function of the PKK’s ethnic or ideological identities, this policy emerged as a result of a confluence of four other factors: the PKK’s leftist ideology, the preferences of its leadership, and the need to recruit selectively all served as permissive factors. Ultimately, however, it was the greater participation of Kurdish women as a result of Turkish state violence in the Kurdish southeast in the 1980s that ultimately changed the PKK from within.

Los Ijwān al-ṣafā’ contra el estado abasí. Acción política en relación con los diversos estados de su época

En este artículo se investiga la identidad ideológica de los autores de las Rasā’il Ijwān al-ṣafā’ y cuestiona la posible autoría de las otras obras atribuidas a los Hermanos de la pureza (al-Risāla al-ŷāmi‘a, y la Ŷāmi‘at al-ŷāmi‘a). En base al texto de estas obras de carácter teosófico, se aportan nuevos datos que esclarecen la postura política de los autores en contra del estado abasí, y se precisa su tendencia chií en contra de los califas abasíes de su época. Estos nuevos datos señalan la implicación de los Ijwān al-ṣafā’ en la acción política a través de la predicación del fin del “estado del mal” (dawlat ahl al-šarr) y el comienzo del “estado del bien” (dawlat ahl al-jayr). Se analiza el debate surgido acerca la relación de los Ijwān al-ṣafā’ con diferentes corrientes políticas opositoras al régimen abasí, y su vínculo con estados chiíes (cármatas, buyíes y fatimíes).

Problems and Countermeasures of Graduate Students Studying Marxism-Lenin Classics

Study of classic works of Marxism is a vane to guide us in understanding and applying Marxist theory. However, under the new situation, the ideology of young people has a tendency of "pan-multiple", and the effective study of classic works of Marxism faces kinds of challenges. Adolescents' unilateral dismemberment of Marxist theory, inadequate adherence to Marxist beliefs, difficulty in understanding the meaning of Marxist theory, etc., bother young people. By strengthening the construction of professional teachers, innovating teaching models, giving full play to the student's active role, fostering a healthy study mentality, creating a classic atmosphere for studying in the Academy, enhancing students' academic exchanges, playing the main role of the network, and promoting the spread of classic works. The study of the classic works of Marxism is in order to "talk" and "sympathize" with the Great, and then continue to promote Marxism's ideological identity. "Once the theory is mastered by the masses, it will become a material force; as long as the theory is able to persuade people, it will be able to grasp the masses; as long as the theory is thorough, it will be able to convince people."[1] As a scientific theory, Marxist theory always guides us to understand the world and transform the world much better with its own scientific nature. The classic works of Marxism are the precious spiritual wealth of the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese people. They supply our "spiritual calcium" with their unique scientific charming. Serious study of Marxist-Leninist classics is a compulsory course for postgraduate studies; it is for graduate students to accurately understand the profound connotations of Marxism. The inexhaustible motive force to enhance the theoretical innovation ability; it is a fundamental guarantee for graduate students' ideological progress and theoretical guidance to keep pace with the times

Why vote when you cannot choose? EU intervention and political participation in times of constraint

This article analyses how economic intervention affects individuals’ political behaviour by assessing the impact of intervention on aggregate and individual turnout. The intervention of the European Union in a selection of member states is viewed as having negative consequences for democratic choice, reducing the ability of voters to select between distinct policy alternatives, resulting in the absence of the primary benefit of voting: choice. It is argued that when voters are faced with electoral choices without the ability to shape policy alternatives, they are less likely to vote. Moreover, the negative effect of intervention is found to be conditioned by both individuals’ level of education and ideological identification. Voters on the centre and the left who feel abandoned by left-leaning parties, who have prioritised being responsible to their European paymasters, are significantly more likely to abstain when exposed to intervention. Empirical support for the argument is found via the analysis of aggregate turnout as well as individual level data from the European Social Survey from across fifteen Western European states.

Ideology, Partisanship, and Change

This paper analyzes changes in the Croatian party system in the 1990-2016 period by looking at trends in the ideological makeup of voters of the main center-right (HDZ) and center-left (SDP) parties. An assessment of changes in voter self-placement on a left-right scale has shown a gradual increase in the ideological distance among voters of these parties. Further, the paper detected a trend towards an increase in the share of self-declared far-right voters among HDZ voters and far-left voters among SDP voters. In addition, an analysis of categorical ideological identification has demonstrated that, on average, two thirds of HDZ voters were Christian Democrats, while two thirds of SDP voters were Social Democrats. However, among all Christian Democrats, an average of 55 percent voted for the HDZ, while just shy of 60 percent of Social Democrats voted for the SDP. Finally, a logistic regression analysis has confirmed the importance of the cultural dimension of voter behavior in Croatia. Religiosity levels, as well as left-right self-placement serve as rather good predictors of a vote for the HDZ and the SDP, with the model showing greater explanatory strength for HDZ voters. In conclusion, the observed trends in ideological characteristics of HDZ and SDP voters could serve as pointers of underlying shifts in patterns of party competition and offer clues to the increased instability of the Croatian party system following the 2015 and 2016 parliamentary elections.

Hisab Wujud al-Hilal sebagai Politik Identitas Muhammadiyah dalam Diskursus Hisab Ruyat di Indonesia

Muhammadiyah has consistently been using the method of hisab wujûd al-hilâl (the calculation resulted in a matter of time and the position of beginning new moon of Qamariyyah) for about four decades from 1970 to the present time. This steadiness implies that this method turns to be an ideological identity of Muhammadiyah in determining the first day of the fasting month of Ramadhan. Here, this Islamic mass organization believes that a political effort with a particular identity will have a huge impact on making the method of hisab wujûd al-hilâl as a reliable reference to decide ru`yah (seeing the new moon when the sun set sat on 29 of the Qamariyah month), and on encouraging majority of Muslim in Indonesia to use it.

Regards croisés et contacts entre syndicalistes français et allemands (1945-1962)

The animosity which often prevails among French and German trade unionists in the wake of World War I disappears in the aftermath of the Second conflict. The meetings are more numerous, certain positions converge and the demands related to specific workforces often meet. Despite this, the two union worlds find it hard to understand each other. French and German union models seek to adapt to the evolution of capitalism. Undeniably German trade unionism seems to have better coped with this transformation. His weight, influence and co-management allowed him to achieve the highest standard of living for German labour forces, and gave them often better social protection in comparison with their French or British counterparts. Divided, folded over ideological identities and marked by the strategies of confrontation, French trade unionism has obviously greater difficulties. Favourable developments can be seen, however. The number of union members for instance is increasing and innovative thinking is emerging. European integration represents a challenge for these organizations, even if most of the organizations are in favour of it. It obliges trade unionists (as well as politicians, senior civil servants etc.) to take new approaches. Due to the contacts generated between French and German unionists, this period 1945-1962 prepares the two major developments of trade unionism during the next decade: the birth of a European trade unions’ confederation and that of the first Interregional Trade Union Council on Lorraine, Saarland and Luxembourg-level. Contacts and crossed views between French and German trade unionists were thus essential to establish a Europe of trade unions.

Личностные особенности курсантов военного вуза с различными типами мотивации поступления на военную службу

The article contains the results of an empirical study of the features of life meaning orientations, time perspective, and ideological identity of first- and fifth-year military university cadets studying “Psychology of service activity” with different types of motivation for choosing military service. Significant difference in the personal characteristics of cadets with the “internal” and “external” type of motivation for choosing military service is revealed. First-year cadets’ “internal” motivation is associated with higher levels of meaningfulness result of life and locus of control of ‘self’. Fifth-year cadets with “internal” motivation have higher indications of conciseness of the future and a positive attitude to the past. It is concluded that the motivation for entering military service is more significant for the indicators of psychological well-being of cadets than the experience of service or training in the cadet corps before entering a military university.

Construction of a religious identity status questionnaire

This study presents a construction and psychometric evaluation of the Religious Identity Status Questionnaire ? RISQ for the assessment of the religious identity status according to Marcia?s ego identity status approach. The initial item pool was generated based on Erikson?s theory of psychosocial development, Marcia?s ego identity status approach and interviews with adolescents and young adults. A factor analysis of the initial item pool was performed on data obtained from a sample of 394 secondary school and university students from Serbia to select items for the questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire was examined on a sample of 1155 subjects. The results of the CFA suggest that subscales of the RISQ measure four factors corresponding to the identity statuses of Marcia?s model. Correlations with ideological identity subscales of the EOM?EIS?2 suggest the convergent validity of the questionnaire. Configural measurement invariance was established for gender and denominational groups. Metric invariance was established for gender and among orthodox and catholic participants, whereas scalar invariance was established for gender, but not for denominational groups.

АЙТЫШ ӨНӨРҮНҮН ТҮРК ТИЛДҮҮ ЭЛДЕРДЕ ТАРАЛЫШЫ ЖАНА ИЗИЛДЕНИШИ

The article analyzes the formation, development process and distribution of the “akyn- improviser” genre and its preservation among Turkic-speaking peoples such as Turkmon, Bashkurt, Tatars, Uyghur, Azerbaijan, Turk, Kyrgyz, Cossack, Uzbek. The name aitysh is pronounced in Turkmen as “aydışık” (aydyshyk), the Kazakh “aytys”, the Bashkurt “ayutish” ayish, the Uzbek “aytish”, the Tatar “utuşuu” (aytishү), the Uyghur anyuti, euti euti Turkmen “atyshma”. It also analyzes the genre identity, pronunciation, form, thematic features, similarities and differences with the Kyrgyz name. The genre of improvisation is analyzed depending on the specifics of the people. For example, the Uzbek improviser singer R. Mukhamediev, S. Nosirov, the Karakalpak people K. Bazarov, N. Davkaraev, the Turkish people Oguzkhan Aydin, Khasan Kutlusoy, the Kazakh akyn improvisers M. Auezov, S. Makunov, S. Seyfulina, E. Ysmayylova, X. Dosmugamed uulu, A. Baitursunova, M. Gabdullina, B. Kenzhebaev, A. Konuratbaev, Z. Akhmedov, M. Karataev, M. Zharmugamedov, S. Sadyrbaev and etc. the origins of formation, the development process, ideological and genre identity are analyzed.