Rental Housing Research Articles

특별수선충당금 제도의 효율적인 운영을 위한 개선방안 연구

This research aims to derive policy implications for the efficient management of reserves for appropriations for special repairs(RASR) by “public housing operators” in response to the increasing demand for extensive annual maintenance expenses due to the growing aging inventory of public rental housing. To achieve this goal, a three-step approach was undertaken: analyzing the accounting records of maintenance expenses for six selected LH housing complexes, identifying operational challenges through surveys of LH practitioners, and evaluating the existing institutional issues related to the RASR. The analysis of maintenance expense accounting records revealed an excessive accumulation of RASR, which contrasted with its inadequate utilization in actual repairs and maintenance activities. Furthermore, statistical analysis of survey results unveiled three major inhibiting factors in the operation of the RASR: the irrational accumulation rate of the RASR, the complexity of procedures for utilizing the fund, limitations of RASR utilization to shared facilities. Notably, the need for institutional improvements in the “complexity of fund utilization procedures” was highlighted as the most significant. Lastly, through an assessment of the existing RASR institutional framework concerning these three identified factors, the following policy implications were derived: firstly, a relaxation of the RASR accumulation rate is warranted. Secondly, simplification of unnecessary procedures for utilizing the RASR is imperative. Thirdly, expansion of dedicated areas for utilizing the RASR to private unit is necessary.

코로나19 이후 공공임대주택 거주자의 사회적 관계 만족도 연구

This study analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on the social relations satisfaction of occupants living in affordable housing by using panel surveys of public rental housing in Seoul. For comparison before and after COVID-19, the results of multiple regression analysis using data from 2019 and 2021 are as follows. First, it was found that the demand for medical facilities increased and the time spent at home increased due to restrictions on social activities, which was noticeable for the socially disadvantaged, such as the elderly and the disabled. Second, it has been confirmed that factors that directly affect social activities and factors that provide overall convenience in life continue to affect before and after COVID-19. Lastly, COVID-19 not only changed the level of functional demands expected for housing, but also reduced social external activities, temporarily reducing the needs for transportation and exchange. Thus, further efforts to supply affordable housing are required to meet the changed social needs and occupants' expectations due to COVID-19.

역세권 공공임대주택 재건축 사업성의 모의실험분석

역세권 공공임대주택 재건축 사업성의 모의실험분석

영구임대주택 ‘찾아가는 마이홈센터’의 지역사회 연계실태와 활성화 방안

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand the actual condition of community resources network m the “On-site Myhome Center” and propose a revitalization plan to increase the efficiency of supporting Housing welfare services with the limited resources and manpower of the center.
 Methods: The subjects of this study were 14 Housing welfare Professionals placed in the “On-site Myhome Center” of Permanent Public rental housing. It was surveyed as a questionnaire composed of open questions.
 Results: Each of the 14 “On-site Myhome Center” subject to this survey is carrying out specialized projects tailored to tenants. It provides continuous and integrated Housing welfare services by deriving optimal resources through organic links with private organizations and public institutions in the local community. Among the tasks of the “On- site Myhome Center” Housing welfare Professionals, most of them recognize the community resources network as important tasks within the third priority, including four who answered that their importance is the first priority.
 Conclusion/Implications: For the efficient community resource linkage work of the “On-site Myhome Center”, it is an urgent priority to recruit personnel who are qualified as Housing welfare Professional, not assistants. The lack of space m the “On-site Myhome Center” is also related to the center's internal and external status, so an independent space should be secured and a space for meetings with related organizations should be secured. It is necessary to actively promote the work of “On-site Myhome Center” at home and abroad, and to strengthen specialized projects that do not overlap with those of local social welfare centers or management offices.

임차인의 갱신요구 후 임차주택을 양수한 자가 자신의 실거주를 이유로 갱신을 거절할 수 있는지 여부

The subject judgment is a matter of justifiable reasons for the landlord to refuse to renew the contract, and the plaintiff who exercised the right to refuse to renew the contract is not a party to the lease contract, but the “buyer of the lease house.” In other words, the issue of this issue is which of the lessors who have signed a lease contract with the buyer of the rental house can exercise the right to refuse contract renewal based on justifiable reasons.
 The judgment on the subject of the study ruled that even if the tenant requested a contract renewal, the landlord could reject the tenant's request for contract renewal for the reason of actual residence pursuant to Article 6-3 (1) 8 of the Housing Lease Act, and if the transferee of the rental housing who succeeded the landlord's status pursuant to Article 3 (4) of the same Act intends to actually reside in the house, he could claim the reason for refusal of renewal under subparagraph 8 above within the period of refusal of renewal above.
 The study target judgment is the first unification of lower court judgments divided into conflicting views by the Supreme Court, and is a very valid judgment when the contents, system, and legislative purposes of related regulations such as Articles 6 and 6-3 of the Housing Lease Act are combined.

가업상속공제와 공동주택관리업 적용에 관한 연구

In order to support the stable life of the heirs and their families even after the death of the decedent, the Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax Act provides for deductions of a certain amount of money in consideration of the personal situation of the heirs and the material situation of the inherited property, and stipulates the family business inheritance deduction system.
 Accordingly, the Korea Housing Management Association announced that 2023. 9. Through an inquiry to the competent authority, the condominium management business was inquired whether the condominium management business is eligible for the deduction of the family business inheritance company, and the competent authority replied that the condominium management business is not a company eligible for the deduction of the family business inheritance business.
 However, it is necessary to re-examine whether the condominium management business is included in the family business inheritance deduction related to Article 15, Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the Enforcement Decree of the Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax Act.
 First, since the Special Act on the Safety and Maintenance of Facilities defines apartment houses as buildings and classifies them as facilities, it should be interpreted to include the business facility management and business resource service businesses among the business facility management and business resource service businesses that are subject to the family business inheritance deduction according to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification for small and medium-sized enterprises eligible for family business inheritance deduction.
 Second, the same article [Annex] of the same Act defines the types of business under the provisions of individual laws and includes the housing rental management business under the “Special Act on Private Rental Housing”, but the Private Rental Housing Act applies to matters not stipulated in this Act with respect to the construction, supply and management of housing, etc., and thus applies to the “Housing Act”, “Building Act”, “Apartment Housing Management Act”, and “Housing Lease Protection Act”.
 In the same way that the housing rental management business under the Special Act on Private Rental Housing is defined as a company subject to the family business inheritance deduction under the individual law, the condominium management business under the Apartment Housing Management Act, which has the same content, should be included as a company subject to the family business inheritance deduction under the individual law.

Літні особи в Україні під час війни: становище, потреби, приклади стійкості

The paper investigates the Ukrainian older adults’ social, economic, and humanitarian circumstances in the context of the russian war against Ukraine. It mainly analyses the challenges and needs of the elderly residing in regions affected by active hostilities, those who have experienced occupation, and internally displaced older persons. The main problems for older people in the areas of active hostilities and those who have been in the occupied territories are loss and (or) damage of housing; difficulties in evacuating, especially lonely people and those who lost social (family) support; destruction of institutions for the elderly and disabled as well as medical infrastructure; increased poverty and limited access to basic food, hygiene, and medicine, poor health; vulnerability to war crimes by the occupiers. For internally displaced older persons, the following problems are determined: the shortage of housing in slightly safer regions; limited financial opportunities for rental housing and meeting other basic needs (food, medicine, etc.); significant deterioration of health conditions forced by the physical and psychological trauma experienced and displacement during the war; living in temporary shelters with an increased risk of being placed in institutions for the elderly. There are some of the most urgent needs of older people in Ukraine in the context of war: various medicines and hygiene products; food and its delivery to the affected regions; transporting older people, including transferring them to the bomb shelters; increased need for medical care, psychological and social rehabilitation; help with home care and household chores. The paper underlines the resilience of older adults to the hardships they face, their high level of self-organisation and mutual assistance during russia’s war against Ukraine.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ ТА ПЛАНУВАЛЬНИХ РІШЕНЬ ДЛЯ ОРЕНДНОГО ЖИТЛА ДЛЯ МОЛОДИХ СІМЕЙ

The article is devoted to the analysis and formation of effective strategies in the field of construction and planning of rental housing for young families. The emphasis of the work is on studying the features of urban infrastructure, taking into account the needs of young people in comfortable and functional spaces, as well as considering practical examples and innovative approaches in the field of housing construction. The research aims to determine optimal housing models for young families that meet modern living standards and contribute to the sustainable development of the city. The formation of construction and planning solutions for rental housing for young families has a multifaceted nature. Taking into account their needs, ensuring functionality, environmental friendliness, manufacturability and social adaptation become the key directions of the development of modern residential construction. The conducted studies emphasize that: "the dissatisfaction of young families with their housing conditions is associated with the following factors: the high cost of renting housing; living with parents or other relatives; small living space; poor technical characteristics of housing. Providing young families with the opportunity to have quality, affordable and functional housing is an important step in creating a stable and healthy society. Taking into account the needs of young families, rational housing should be designed using all energy-saving technologies. So that the purchase of such housing and its further operation corresponded to the family budget.
 It was established that the development of rental houses in Ukraine is impossible without the participation of private investors, for whom their construction will be profitable only if the state provides preferential conditions for construction. The results of the work can be used as a basis for the development of city strategies and programs aimed at improving living conditions for young people and the overall development of the city.

Differentiation of personal income by the autonomous regions of Spain

Average per capita income of the population is one of the important indicators reflecting the standard of living in the country. It becomes relevant to determine reasons for differentiating income per capita and per household and to identify the causes that affect it. The paper considers the income of the population in the autonomous regions of Spain for 2008–2021 both per capita and per household. A comparative analysis of incomes with and without imputed rents has been carried out, that is, the share of rental expenditure in household income and the trend in its change over the last thirteen years have been determined. The results of the study revealed higher living standards in some industrialized regions of the North of the country, such as Navarra and the Basque Country, as well as in regions where large metropolitan areas are located. These are the Autonomous Region of Madrid with a population of 6.7 million people (directly Madrid – about 5 million people) and Catalonia with a population of 7.7 million people with the administrative center in Barcelona (4.5 million people). Slow growth of citizens’ expenditures on rental housing has also been revealed. Due to growing individualization of the population and reduction of the number of people in a family, the number of people in one household is decreasing on average in the country. The analysis of population change in Spain shows that the demographic situation remains positively stable. In general, there is population growth, but depopulation is occurring in the interior regions of the country, such as Extremadura, Castile-La Mancha, Castile and Leon, Aragon. In addition to living standards, other factors such as climate, proximity to the coast, and tourist attractiveness have an impact on migration processes.

The architecture of the residential town for employees of the Ludvig Nobel plant in St. Petersburg: 1885–1917

The article discusses the evolution of the architecture of the residential town for employees of the Ludvig Nobel plant in the period from 1885 to 1917, representing transition from the tradition of rental housing to city-block housing construction in St. Petersburg. This development served as a prototype for the further development of residential complexes in the post-revolutionary period.

An analysis of the relationship between rental housing and adoption of self‐generating energy sources in Brazil using matching methodology

AbstractWe examine the effect of household tenure choice on adopting self‐generation energy technologies in Brazil. We employ microdata from the Household Budget Survey (POF) dataset for 2017 and 2018 from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and matching methodology to evaluate various hypotheses regarding occupancy status, credit availability, purchasing power and life cycle theory. We also use placebo treatments, propensity score weighting, entropy balancing and Rosenbaum's sensitivity analysis to evaluate the robustness of our findings. Results show that leasing a residence negatively and significantly affects families' adoption of self‐generating technologies with an estimated probability reduction of around 62%, with greater effects when considering credit, wages and life cycle.

Discrimination against gay and transgender people in Latin America: A correspondence study in the rental housing market

We assess the extent of discrimination against gay and transgender individuals in the rental housing markets of four Latin American countries. We conducted a large-scale field experiment building on the correspondence study methodology to examine interactions between property managers and fictitious couples engaged in searches on a major online rental housing platform. We find no evidence of discrimination against gay male couples, but we do find strong discrimination against heterosexual couples with a transgender woman partner (trans couples). Relative to heterosexual couples, trans couples receive 19% fewer responses, 27% fewer positive responses, and 23% fewer invitations to showings. We also assess whether the evidence is consistent with taste-based discrimination or statistical discrimination models by comparing response rates when couples signal being professionals with stable jobs (quality-job signal). While we find no significant effect of the signal for heterosexual or gay male couples, trans couples benefit from providing a strong labor market signal. Their call-back, positive-response, and invitation rates increase by 25%, 36% and 29%, respectively. These results suggest that discrimination against trans couples is consistent with statistical discrimination. Moreover, we find no evidence of heterosexual couples being favored over gay male couples, nor evidence of statistical discrimination for gay male or heterosexual couples.

Modelling Residential Housing Rent Price Using Machine Learning Models

Background: Providing shelter and security through housing is a basic need for people. However, the housing market is frequently troubled by issues such as exorbitant rent pricing and a lack of transparency, posing challenges for both landlords and home renters. Objective: This study examines the factors affecting residential housing rent in Ibadan City to thoroughly investigate the cost-effectiveness of rents. We looked into a number of variables, including neighborhood characteristics, property size, amenities, and location, aiming to pinpoint the essential elements significantly impacting rental costs. Methods: Data were collected from two well-known real estate websites, privateproperty.com and propertypro.com. We built a rent prediction model and determined key features using regression analysis utilizing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), and the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm. The analysis revealed several factors with notable relationships to rent prices. Results: The five variables with the highest correlation coefficients were identified as duplex (0.54), toilet (0.34), detached (0.31), flat (-0.3), and bedroom (0.29), indicating their substantial influence on housing rental rates. Furthermore, the study highlights specific neighborhoods as either relatively expensive or budget-friendly in terms of median rent prices. Notably, Agodi and Kolapo Ishola emerged as the most expensive areas, surpassing the overall median rent by significant margins (454.55% and 450%, respectively). Conversely, Sanyo, Moniya, and Academy recorded the lowest median rent prices, being 50% lower than the overall median. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the intricate factors governing residential housing rent in Ibadan City, offering a foundation for further research and practical applications in the real estate domain.

Micro Evidence Relating to House Rents, Prices and Investor Size from a Matched Dataset

Micro Evidence Relating to House Rents, Prices and Investor Size from a Matched Dataset

EXTREME HEAT VULNERABILITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS: A MULTILEVEL RISK INDEX FOR PORTLAND, OREGON

Abstract Extreme heat is an environmental health equity concern disproportionately impacting low- income older adults and people of color. Exposure factors, such as living in rental housing and lack of air conditioning, and sensitivity factors, such as chronic disease and social isolation, increase mortality risk among older adults. Older persons face multiple barriers to adaptive heat mitigation, particularly for those living in historically temperate climates. This study measures two heat vulnerability indices to identify areas and individuals most vulnerable to extreme heat and discusses opportunities to mitigate vulnerability among older adults. We constructed two heat vulnerability indices for the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area: one using area scale proxy measures extracted from existing regional data and another at the individual scale using survey data collected following the 2021 Pacific Northwest Heat Dome event. These indices were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Results indicate that the spatial distribution of areas and individuals vulnerable to extreme heat are quite different. The only area found among the most vulnerable on both indices has the largest agglomeration of age- and income-restricted rental housing in the metropolitan area. Due to spatial variations in heat-related risk at the individual and area scales, measures addressing heat risk should not be spatially uniform. By focusing resources on older adult individuals and areas in particular need of assistance, heat risk management policies can be both highly efficient and cost-effective.

Introduction to the Special Issue: “New Perspectives on Public and Social Rental Housing in the Nordic Countries, part one”

Introduction to the Special Issue: “New Perspectives on Public and Social Rental Housing in the Nordic Countries, part one”

MUNICIPAL LIVING PREMISES RENT PROBLEMS

The need for a place to live has always been a pressing problem for society. Several municipalities in Latvia are building new rental houses to provide their residents with a place to live. However, not all residents have the opportunity to apply for a municipal apartment for rent it. The problems also affect the municipalities themselves, which often end up in the role of hostages in the fight with tenants who do not pay rent, as well as when concluding rental agreements in order to fulfil the requirements of the law.

Closing the Rent Index Gap – A Quantitative Approach to Rental‐Sector Gentrification

AbstractThis paper advocates for a greater emphasis on supply sided concepts such as the rent gap in the empirical operationalizations of gentrification. It provides a novel framework to identify rental‐sector gentrification areas through index construction by drawing on insights from the gentrification, rent gap, price index and hedonic regression literatures. The approach is highly adaptable to a variety of regulatory contexts and other housing market idiosyncrasies through the design of the underlying regression model. Drawing on data from the city of Vienna, local rent changes and their relationship to price‐effective transformations of the rental housing supply are quantified. After computing the respective indices, bivariate mapping is utilized to identify potential gentrification areas.

Discrimination against migrants and its determinants: Evidence from a Multi-Purpose Field Experiment in the Housing Rental Market

The increasing number of Venezuelan migrants in Colombia, which now exceeds 2.9 million, has raised concerns about their potential discrimination and socioeconomic integration. We propose a novel approach to studying discrimination in the housing rental market by conducting a multi-purpose field experiment with 574 real estate agents to, not only measure the extent of discrimination but also to explore its determinants. After gathering comprehensive data about the Real Estate Agents (REAs), they evaluated rental applications from Colombian, Venezuelan, and other nationality families. Our findings suggest the presence of discrimination in the housing rental market, as REAs were less likely to choose a Venezuelan family over a Colombian or other nationality family. We identified that this discrimination was influenced by factors such as age, gender, cognitive skills, and local market knowledge. We found that the discriminatory social norm is well recognized among REAs. This study has significant implications for policymakers, advocates, and practitioners, not only in Colombia but globally, as it sheds light on the mechanisms of discrimination against migrant populations and emphasizes the need to promote their integration and well-being.

House Rent Prediction Method Based on Decision Tree: Take India as an Example

In this essay, this paper use decision trees to predict house rent and compare it to other linear regressions to find out why decision trees are a good fit for house rent and use house rent data 2023. This paper used the data set from Kaggle which has many factors and is up-to-date for my project, employing some visualization methods on Python to show these factors and their graphs so we can understand some important circumstances about house rent in India. This paper employed three different methods of training models to train them to predict their rent. In the last section, this paper use R2_score, RMSE, MAE and MSE to compare their conclusions. Thus, this paper show why decision trees are the best model for predicting house rent. After all process, this paper proposes that data rent price prediction is very important, because many people don’t have a good obedience on other things like other people’s advice or other black heart house property agents.