Rental Housing Research Articles

A Study on the Supply of Private-Sale Apartments in Public Housing Districts and the Subject of Administrative Charges

Since the first general law on rental housing—a type of public housing—was implemented in 1985, the scope of public housing has now expanded beyond rental housing to pre-sale housing, which was mandated by the Bogeumjari Housing Act in 2009. To supply public housing on a timely and large scale, public housing districts must be established first, which is the driving force behind the possibility of land acceptance according to public needs. Focusing on the Bogeumjari Housing Act, which first introduced the concept of public housing for sale, we examine the creation and supply of housing districts as well as the construction and supply procedures of housing and compare them with the Housing Site Development Promotion Act and the Housing Act applied to private housing. After the public housing district was established by the acceptance method, in addition to the construction of public housing in the district, a path for private housing could be developed by selling some of the district’s land to the private sector within the current legal framework. However, creating land for the public interest and then selling it to the private sector can result in the same problems as those raised in the Housing Site Development Promotion Act. The Housing Site Development Promotion Act conducted land expropriation for the large-scale new city development; however, it gradually became powerless against opposition from landowners owing to the cultivation of a sense of rights. The Roost Housing Act can be viewed as a means to bypass these problems. When a large-scale housing district is created for housing construction, measures to improve wide-area transportation must be implemented, and appropriate wide-area transportation facility charges may be imposed. At this point, it may be unclear whether the levy is imposed at the formation of a housing district or at the housing construction stage. As the Bogeumjari Housing Act focuses on the creation of a district, imposing a levy during the formation of the housing district may be more justified from the perspective of a housing site development plan.

Effective affordable housing provision in developing economies: A deductive analysis of informal housing strategies in Lagos, Nigeria

In the face of numerous research efforts and policy interventions, housing the urban poor in a suitable manner has been a persistent challenge across the world. This prevailing difficulty calls for more resourcefulness in addressing affordable housing (AH) provision. To achieve this, this study thoroughly investigated the informal housing strategies of the urban poor, examining their informal housing solutions along the three main components of housing supply value chain (HSVC) - housing finance, land acquisition and housing construction. The methodology was semi-structured interviews of 40 randomly selected respondents from 5 strata of largest slums in Lagos, Nigeria. Following thematic, content, descriptive and deductive analyses of data, findings show that there are insightful lessons within the informal housing strategies of the urban poor that can inform suitable approaches to AH provision. Findings are that the urban poor are actively involved in trade unionism, microfinance institutions and cooperative societies as AH finance strategies within their informal means. The urban poor resolve their desperate housing needs through self-help incremental housing, cheap rental housing among others. Findings show that the urban poor needs shelter, which alternative housing and rental housing provide more affordably than homeownership. Insights are provided in this study on how these informal strategies of the urban poor can influence HSVC for effective affordable housing provision approaches. If these strategies inform policies with deliberate efforts made to modify and institutionalise the approaches, suitability of AH provision can be improved. Findings from this study are informative for future pro-poor housing studies. Recommendations are that informal strategies across the entire HSVC identified in this study can be modified and incorporated into housing policies towards making cities of developing economies more sustainable and inclusive.

Antecedents of Housing Satisfaction in Public Rental Housing: Realizing Residential Welfare by Securing Social and Psychological Housing Quality

Antecedents of Housing Satisfaction in Public Rental Housing: Realizing Residential Welfare by Securing Social and Psychological Housing Quality

War in Ukraine, the refugee crisis, and the polish housing market

The ongoing war in Ukraine has become a global issue and caused a major refugee crisis in Europe. The displacement of millions of people from Ukraine, who entered neighbouring countries, attributed to a housing demand shock in host cities and subsequent increases in rents and prices. The article investigates the housing market reaction in Poland’s five largest cities caused by the arrival of refugees from Ukraine following the Russian invasion in February 2022. We use a difference-in-difference quasi-experimental scenario to test whether exposure to mass refugee inflow translates to housing market dynamics. According to our findings, an increase in a city population of 1 pp caused by the inflow of refugees led to a 0.72–0.74% increase in housing rents. Additionally, we found some evidence that the arrival of migrants may have slightly increased apartment prices; however, the impact is smaller than in the case of rents and statistically significant only in selected specifications. The paper contributes to the literature on the impact of immigration or refugee inflow on housing market dynamics. The rent increases reported in this study may have serious housing policy implications, both in the short and mid-run.

Abstract 2160: Utilizing geospatial analytics to identify neighborhood cancer hot spots for recruitment of underserved populations in clinical prevention research

Abstract Background: The term “precision public health” has increasingly been used in literature to describe public health practices that utilize new technologies and big data to precisely target the most vulnerable populations for disease control. Following the principles of precision public health, we used geospatial technologies and population-based health data to identify the locations and socioeconomic status of neighborhoods with high cancer incidences for recruitment of participants in prevention research. Methods: Using Florida cancer registry data, geospatial hot spot analyses were carried out to identify statistically significant clusters of census tracts with high incidences of prostate, gastric, and oral cancers within the catchment area of the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center in South Florida. The locations, social determinants of health (US Census’ American Community Survey), and behavioral risk factor data (CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) of these hot spots were analyzed to identify the locations of underserved communities facing high risk for these three cancers. Results: Hot spots with high incidences for each of these three cancers overlap in many neighborhoods with high proportions of Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Black populations and high levels of socioeconomic disparities, such as low income, low education level, rental housing, no vehicles, and no access to health insurance. These neighborhoods also have high rates for behavioral risk factors in smoking, lack of physical activity, obesity, and high incidence of cervical cancer (high risk areas for HPV-associated oral cancers). Mobile screening units called the Game Changer Vehicles have been deployed to the locations to recruit participants who were tested on-site for prostate specific antigen (prostate cancer), H. pylori (gastric cancer), or solCD44 (a soluble tumor marker for squamous cell carcinoma) and total protein levels in oral rinse specimens, which can distinguish individuals with molecular features at risk for oral cancers due to tobacco, alcohol use, and human HPV infection. Conclusions: Geospatial analyses of population health data can be used to produce metrics that precisely target neighborhoods with high cancer risk and health disparities to recruit research participants. The same precision approach can also be applied for cancer screening purposes, such as offering cervical self-sample and fecal blood test kits in disadvantaged communities facing heightened risk for cervical and colorectal cancers. Citation Format: Ming S. Lee, Rebecca Kaiser, Ridhi Vyas, Amando Vera, Daniela Flores Quetant, Nancy Elliott, Valerie Bethel, Amanda Rivera, Shria Kumar, Brandon Mahal, Elizabeth Franzmann, Erin Kobetz. Utilizing geospatial analytics to identify neighborhood cancer hot spots for recruitment of underserved populations in clinical prevention research [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2160.

Seven propositions about ‘generation rent’

ABSTRACT Intergenerational disparities in housing have emerged across countries, giving rise to narratives of “generation rent”. Despite popularization of the term across academia and public discourse, it remains nebulous, divisive, and lacking nuance. Through seven propositions, this paper synthesizes recent evidence to more accurately capture the breadth of young adults’ housing inequalities and advance debates surrounding “generation rent”. It begins by addressing its drivers, describing shifts in the political economy of (rental) housing which disproportionately disadvantage young adults. It then identifies features of “generation rent”, illuminating heterogeneity between socio-economic groups, housing situations, and rental types. Finally, it charts outcomes of housing market pressures which reshape lives and livelihoods across generations, albeit in different ways. To this end, this paper puts forward a new classification of four sub-categories conspicuous in the historically homogenized notion of “generation rent”, namely “second generation owner”, “delayed buyer”, “tenant” and “precariat”. It argues that, harnessed correctly, “generation rent” can be a useful lens to illustrate wider housing sector transformations and their effects for class-stratification and the reproduction of socio-economic inequalities.

The policy failures of rental housing: Plumbing poverty in Detroit, Michigan

ABSTRACT The lack of access to in-home running water from inadequate plumbing is a critical water insecurity challenge in the U.S. Using the concept of plumbing poverty, this paper investigates why housing policies in Detroit, Michigan, have failed to ensure adequate plumbing and water security for renters using interviews with city employees, community groups, renters, and property managers. We find that unresponsive landlords enabled by historical housing mismanagement and ineffective rental ordinance design and implementation perpetuate inadequate plumbing for Detroit renters. While we identify three tools to address inadequate plumbing, several barriers prevent their use. For renters, barriers include social power dynamics, structural inequalities in the legal system, and a lack of capacity. Meanwhile, the city faces financial, personnel, and knowledge constraints that prevent adequate enforcement. Our findings provide new insight into the connections between historical housing dynamics, policy implementation, and the precarity of landlord-tenant relations in perpetuating water insecurity.

Influencing factors and spatial differentiation of rental housing in a smart city: A GWR model analysis

Smart cities leverage technology, data, and digital infrastructure to enhance residents' quality of life, fostering sustainability and operational efficiency. To this end, the price data of rental housing in Hefei in 2022 were hereby collected to build a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, and the mechanism of various factors on the price of rental housing in Hefei was discussed. Spatial correlation analysis revealed a notable autocorrelation of rental housing prices in Hefei, exhibiting a distribution pattern of decreasing values from the city center outward. Besides, the impact of 13 factors on house rent was examined. Overall, factors such as building area, proximity to wet markets, and distance from the top three hospitals were demonstrated to exert the most significant influence on rental housing prices in Hefei. The decision-making of smart cities needs to be scientifically analyzed to find out the factors affecting the price of rental housing in the region, and the research conclusions can provide certain references for urban decision-makers in the overall management of urban resources and targeted solutions to regional housing rental and other issues.

Post-Pandemic Rental Housing Affordability Economics in the U.S., U.K., & Canada

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;">Rental unaffordability is defined as spending more than 30% of a household’s gross income on rent. Post-pandemic inflation and interest rate increases have intensified rental unaffordability. This research examines rental affordability in the U.S., the U.K., and Canada. It also explores the effect of renters’ “affordability knowledge” – defined as the expertise tenants have and use to make economical rental housing choices – on rent expenditure and affordability positioning and compares personal finances, economic perspectives, and demographics based on renters in affordable and unaffordable situations. The results show that nearly two-thirds of the renters studied are in unaffordable rental situations. Interestingly, affordability knowledge was found to reduce rent spent and increase affordability situations. Significant demographic differences were found between those in affordable and unaffordable rental situations, including rent spending, food spending, transportation spending, savings, perceived homeownership likelihood, and age. The research offers important insight into current rental affordability economics, recommendations for policymakers, and opportunities for real estate organizations.</span></p>

ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PLANNING ASPECTS OF CITY RENEWAL IN UKRAINE

Cities that are at the epicenter of military conflicts find themselves in an extremely difficult situation. In addition to the most terrible ‒ human losses, the infrastructure of cities, housing stock and industry are destroyed. An extremely difficult task for such territories is their post-war reconstruction. This process can be successful only when there is an understanding of the main approaches and mechanisms for restoration work in such cities. The necessary solution is the development of effective strategies and programs for the reconstruction of cities. This determines a number of priority tasks, namely: analysis of the experience of recovery of the countries of the world after similar destructions and study of the peculiarities of housing reconstruction, as the most acute problem. The article examines the main directions of post-war reconstruction of cities, since post-war reconstruction is an extremely difficult task for any city and country. And for this, it is necessary to determine the priority directions of the restoration and development of cities, depending on the characteristics and nature of their destruction. The restoration of cities should not be limited to reconstruction, but should be decided on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the degree of destruction, the economic component and social reintegration. The experience of countries that have gone through the stages of war and reconstruction is of considerable importance in creating programs for the reconstruction of cities. The set of measures that will contribute to the implementation of programs of reconstruction and provision of housing for the population accretes the world experience. Therefore, the article examines the world experience of the restoration of war-ravaged cities. For partially destroyed cities with a preserved urban environment, it is possible to develop an actual design solution that will take into account the type of reproduction ‒ restoration, reconstruction, or new construction. For territories that have suffered severe destruction, possible options for the implementation of the reconstruction program and provision of housing for the population are: new construction, housing rental, temporary construction of modular or container facilities, formation of a replacement housing fund, compensation for housing. An approach to architectural and town-planning solutions has been developed, which consists in mastering the underground space, the spatial composition of the courtyard space, and the architectural solutions of the buildings.

Accommodating ‘generation rent’: Unsettling dominant discourses on rental housing reform in Catalonia and Spain

In contemporary urban areas, a growing ‘generation rent’ is finding shelter in expensive and precarious private rental housing. Tenant organisations and legislative initiatives have been pushing to improve housing conditions for renters, yet have been met with strong resistance. Intense policy and academic debates have ensued. This paper delves into the discourses used by dominant actors involved in legislative changes affecting the private rental sector in Catalonia and Spain. Through a critical discourse analysis of the positions of governments, opposition parties and landlord organisations, we identify three main arguments employed to limit or contest ‘post-neoliberal’ measures favouring tenants: ‘the vulnerable landlord’, ‘the counterproductive effects’ and ‘the violation of property rights’. Each of these arguments is placed under theoretical and empirical scrutiny, revealing important weaknesses. By unsettling dominant discourses, we contribute to advancing the terms of the debates and sketch out the coordinates for a counter-discourse informed by critical theory and the interests of renters rather than rentiers.

Is hiding my first name enough? Using behavioural interventions to mitigate racial and gender discrimination in the rental housing market

This study investigates whether behavioural interventions can reduce racial and gender discrimination in the rental housing market. In our correspondence tests, we incorporated two specific behavioural interventions: providing employment details to assist letting agents in overcoming statistical discrimination and incorporating anti-discrimination messages to encourage adherence to the ‘Equality, Diversity and Inclusion’ social norm. Although these strategies notably influenced the likelihood of prospective renters receiving responses to their housing inquiries, the outcomes were not consistent across genders or ethnic groups and were not always positive. Racial and gender discrimination in housing markets is a complex issue. There are no ‘one-size-fits-all’ solutions when using behavioural tools to address complex social problems such as racial and gender discrimination. Behavioural interventions demand rigorous field testing prior to widespread adoption.

Access to Land, Building Materials & Finance for Rental Housing Production in Dodoma Capital City, Tanzania

This paper presents study findings concerning rental housing delivery systems in accommodating low-income urban residents in Tanzania. Generally, the study intended to establish operational and workable policy options for promoting affordable rental houses to narrow the urban housing shortage gap that has been increasing over time. The study involved 100 property developers, eighteen (18) key informants, six (6) brokers, and fifteen (15) tenants who were purposely selected for the study. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through interviews with property developers, and focus group discussions with key informants and local leaders. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 was employed in inferential and descriptive analysis. In line with this, a Chi-square technique was employed for describing the association between the variables while descriptive analysis was employed to describe the distribution of scores among the variables. The study has shown that 68% of property developers obtain land through an informal land market while the rest 32% obtain it from a formal market. Moreover, property developers have reported that savings are the dominant source of rental housing finance mechanisms in the study area which accounts for 65% of the housing finance mechanisms. Other sources are remittances (16%), pensions (8%), loans (7%), and borrowing from relatives (4%). The study has revealed that the Pearson chi-square value and significance value, confirm that, there is a significant association between affordability and the category of land market (= 65.696, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the study has evidenced that individual property developers are dominating the rental housing market in the absence of policies, regulations, standards, and plans that could take into consideration the access to rental housing for low-income urban residents. The study recommends to the central and local government that there should be an urgent strategy to establish an enabling housing policy to promote affordable rental housing as an option for low-income urban residents in Tanzania.

Linking landlords to uncover ownership obscurity

Identifying the ownership of rental properties has been a difficult but important step in understanding the current state of property consolidation. We show that the difficulty in linking landlords to their properties has shifted in the past decade from the messy nature of administrative data to ownership obscurity through corporate entities, like Limited Liability Companies (LLCs). To develop a method to overcome both of these challenges, we compare different text-matching methods within property tax assessment records in Boston, MA from 2004 to 2019. We assess the prevalence of obscurity among landlords as well as the extent to which it is undermining our ability to observe conditions of rental housing. These include how obscurity hides not only an increasing consolidation of property ownership in the past decade, but also concentrations of disorder and evictions. We demonstrate a comprehensive method for uncovering ownership obscurity and show how this can form the basis for understanding inequities in rental housing and the effects of housing financialization.

Characteristics for Low, High and Very High Emergency Department Use for Mental Health Diagnoses from Health Records and Structured Interviews.

Patients with mental health diagnoses (MHD) are among the most frequent emergency department (ED) users, suggesting the importance of identifying additional factors associated with their ED use frequency. In this study we assessed various patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and service use associated with low ED users (1-3 visits/year), compared to high (4-7) and very high (8+) ED users with MHD. Our study was conducted in four large Quebec (Canada) ED networks. A total of 299 patients with MHD were randomly recruited from these ED in 2021-2022. Structured interviews complemented data from network health records, providing extensive data on participant profiles and their quality of care. We used multivariable multinomial logistic regression to compare low ED use to high and very high ED use. Over a 12-month period, 39% of patients were low ED users, 37% high, and 24% very high ED users. Compared with low ED users, those at greater probability for high or very high ED use exhibited more violent/disturbed behaviors or social problems, chronic physical illnesses, and barriers to unmet needs. Patients previously hospitalized 1-2 times had lower risk of high or very high ED use than those not previously hospitalized. Compared with low ED users, high and very high ED users showed higher prevalence of personality disorders and suicidal behaviors, respectively. Women had greater probability of high ED use than men. Patients living in rental housing had greater probability of being very high ED users than those living in private housing. Using at least 5+ primary care services and being recurrent ED users two years prior to the last year of ED use had increased probability of very high ED use. Frequency of ED use was associated with complex issues and higher perceived barriers to unmet needs among patients. Very high ED users had more severe recurrent conditions, such as isolation and suicidal behaviors, despite using more primary care services. Results suggested substantial reduction of barriers to care and improvement on both access and continuity of care for these vulnerable patients, integrating crisis resolution and supported housing services. Limited hospitalizations may sometimes be indicated, protecting against ED use.

An Analysis of Tax Incentives For Rental Housing

An Analysis of Tax Incentives For Rental Housing

The Size of the Rental Housing Segment in Poland and its Main Determinants

Abstract Our research into the fast-growing segment of the rental market fits perfectly with the current wave of excitement. In this research, we attempt to answer a fundamental question: how large is the rental segment in Poland? To our surprise, the answer to this key question remains wrapped in mystery, with an absence of continuous studies disclosing its true size. Undaunted, in this paper we took up the challenge to develop a method that would give us a clear answer. Using Eurostat statistics, we develop a methodological framework for estimating the size of the rental segment. We acknowledge that Eurostat data possesses certain limitations, yet serves as a valuable resource for fulfilling our goal under the proposed methodology. In our approach, we determine the size of Polish rental segment between 2007 and 2021. To validate our findings, we dived into the complex relationship between the size of the rental segment and households. Applying linear regression, we sought to unravel the main determinants influencing not only the overall housing market but also the dimensions of the puzzling rental segment. The proposed method proves to be successful and answers the research question. However, it is important to emphasize that the presented results are estimates that give an impression of the elusive size of the rental housing segment and not exact measurements. Moreover, the flexibility of the proposed methodology is promising and allows similar studies to be conducted in different geographical contexts.

An Analysis of the Impact of Universal Design Principles on Habitability Based on Public Rental Housing Supply Types

An Analysis of the Impact of Universal Design Principles on Habitability Based on Public Rental Housing Supply Types

공공임대주택 거주자의 주거만족도 영향요인 연구 - 서울시 행복주택을 중심으로

This study aims to comparatively analyze the influencing factors of residents’ housing satisfaction of public rental housing types in Seoul, focusing on Happy Housing, and provide policy implications. The analysis methods were t-test and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS program. Based on the result of the analysis, we find that the more satisfied the residents of Happy Housing are with their living environment (convenience of public transportation, amenities, access to public facilities, etc.), the lower the burden of economic characteristics such as security deposit or monthly rent, the higher their housing satisfaction. Residents of Happy Housing were more satisfied with their housing when the number of household members was smaller and the duration of residency was longer. However, the internal condition of the house (housing performance, interior quality, facility condition, etc.) and external condition (recreation/green space, parking/community facilities, facilities for the disabled/elderly, etc.) were not statistically significant. Based on these research findings, policy implications were recommended to improve the housing satisfaction of residents of public rental housing.

A Data-Infused Approach to Optimal PG / Hostel Selections

The world's population is expanding quickly every day, and a great number of individuals are moving to big cities and other locations in search of employment, better living conditions, or educational opportunities. That is why house renting is becoming an essential part of our society due to the increase in housing demand. Subsequently, I understood the significance of a web based house leasing site and thought of a choice to execute such a web application. The development of rental websites is covered in this paper. Property details can be uploaded by landlords and tenants can rent properties through this website. This website will assist people in giving or accepting rental properties without the need to interact with apartment brokers in order to ultimately come to a mutually beneficial agreement. Among the one hundred different options, the project's goal is to identify and suggest the PG that a user is most likely to book.