Lonicera Caerulea Research Articles

Heterogeneity of the population of Lonicera caerulea L. in the tectonically active zone (Altai Mountains, Kurai ridge)

Depending on specific combinations of geoenvironmental factors, the micropopulations of the bluehoneysuckle in the valley of the Kuraika River (Gorny Altai) produced fruits of increased or decreased size and seednumber. The observed 3-fold higher accumulation of biologically active phenols in fruits, accompanied by the respectivedecreased accumulation in leaves, and narrower ratios of certain polyphenol classes in leaves and fruits are considered tobe the plant response to the stressing impact of environmental factors, resulting from the active tectonic processes in thestudied area of the Russian Altai.

Influence of Soil Conditions on the Manifestation of Chlorosis and Parthenocarpy in Lonicera caerulea L.

Influence of Soil Conditions on the Manifestation of Chlorosis and Parthenocarpy in Lonicera caerulea L.

Extraction products from kind Lonicera vegetative parts usage possibility

At present time the need of biologically active substances and preservatives as natural extract usage is increasing. Local recourses’ applying, in particular, honeysuckle common growing in the Krasnoyarsk territory is a justified decision. The results of vitamin C keeping dynamics in the separate vegetative parts of wild-growing blue honeysuckle depending on storage conditions are presented. It was shown that ascorbic acid is in 1.4 times higher in freshly picked berries in comparison with leaves. However acid content in berries subjected to deep freezing is decreasing over time and six month later it is only 68% from the original. At the same time vitamin C keeping in the leaves dried to air-dry condition is rather higher and to the end of storage period (6 months) is decreased only to 5.2%. Herewith the total amount of ascorbic acid in the leaves is higher than that in the frozen berries of the investigated plant. Besides that the spectrophotometric research showed the presence in the blue honeysuckle leaves (Lonicera caerulea L.) such classes of biological active compounds as chlorophyll containing derivatives, bioflavonoid complex, carbohydrate components, anthocyans, tanning agents, organic matters and so on. This circumstance suggests great perspectives for the vegetable raw material practical applying.

PCO-002 - Effect of Lonicera caerulea on cytokine production of alveolar macrophages by stimulation with SARS-CoV-2-related proteins

PCO-002 - Effect of Lonicera caerulea on cytokine production of alveolar macrophages by stimulation with SARS-CoV-2-related proteins

Особенности укоренения перспективных сортов Lonicera caeruleae L. в культуре in vitro

Abstract The work is devoted to the improvement of the in vitro rooting technique of valuable Lonicera caerulea L. cultivars. The influence of different types of auxins and iron sources was determined at the stage of rhizogenesis. The use of indolylbutyric acid at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l was effective for the rooting of the cultivars Solovey and Yugana: the rooting rate was 60% and 99%, respectively. When using indoleacetic and indolylbutyric acids no significant differences were found in the percentage of rooting rates in the cultivars Gzhelka, Dlinnoplodnaya, Knyaginya and Lenya. It was found that 200 mg/l of iron chelate (Fe(III)-EDDHA) and 0.5 mg/l of indoleacetic acid in the nutrient medium had a positive effect on the dynamics of root formation of most honeysuckle cultivars. It was preferable to use a nutrient medium with the addition of iron chelate Fe(III)-EDTA at a concentration of 73.4 mg / l for the cultivar Yugana (rooting rate was 76%). Keywords: LONICERA CAERULEA, CULTIVARS, IN VITRO, RHIZOGENESIS, AUXINS, SOURCES OF IRON

Stabilization of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. anthocyanins by natural polyphenol extracts.

Anthocyanins are a group of flavonoids widely used as natural pigments and in functional foods. However, the sensitivity of anthocyanins to environment factors limits their utilization. The present study examined the stabilizing effects of polyphenol extracts from raspberry, sea-buckthorn, Lonicera edulis, and blackcurrant on Lycium ruthenicum Murr (LRM)-derived anthocyanins. After light and heat exposure, contents of total anthocyanins and the monomers were detected with the pH differential method and the HPLC. Remarkably, polyphenol extracts from raspberry, Lonicera edulis and blackcurrant extended the half-lives of anthocyanins, while the effect of the sea-buckthorn extracts was negligible. Noticeably, petunidin-3-O-[6-O-(4-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-[beta-D-glucopyranoside], the major component of LRM-derived anthocyanins, exhibited a dramatic increase in half-life with the presence of polyphenol extracts from raspberry, Lonicera edulis, and blackcurrant. In summary, our findings suggest the polyphenol extracts could be developed into copigments for stabilization of anthocyanins.

INFLUENCE OF CULTIVAR AND FERTILIZATION WITH VERMICOMPOST ON FRUIT QUALITY AND YIELD IN LONICERA SPP.

This paper aims to study the influence of cultivar and vermicompost (organic fertilizer) treatments on fruit quality traits (fruit weight, flesh firmness, juice pH, chromatic coordinates in CIELab system, chlorophyll fluorescence) and plant productivity on Lonicera caerulea L. The experiment was carried out between 2019 and 2020, at the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Romania. To achieve these, three honeysuckle cultivars ('Cera', 'Loni', and 'Kami') were treated with four fertilizer doses: 0.2, 0.3, 0.75, and 1.0 L per plant. We found that 'Cera' cultivar was characterized by fruits with the highest weight (0.67 g) and firmness (13.71 units Bareiss HPE-II-FFF), 'Kami' cultivar, had the highest total soluble solids content (17.09 °Brix), and 'Loni' was the most productive (33.33 g per plant). Compared to untreated plants, fertilization with vermicompost in a dose of 0.2 L per plant increased fruit weight by 14.81%, pH by 9.79%, and fruit production per plant by 36.65%, indicating that fertilization with vermicompost could be used in ecological honeysuckle culture technology.

Antioxidant Effect of Lonicera caerulea L. in the Cardiovascular System of Obese Zucker Rats

Lonicera caerulea L. (Loni) represents a promising source of beneficial polyphenols with therapeutical potential in cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to study the effects of Loni and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on selected cardiometabolic parameters and NO/ROS balance in obese Zucker rats. Male Zucker rats were divided into the control group and groups treated with CoQ10 (30 mg/kg/day) or Loni (5 g/kg/day) for 6 weeks. Blood pressure, body weight, heart weight, and plasma lipid profile were determined. NOS activity and protein expressions of eNOS, SOD, NADPH oxidase, and NF-kappa B were measured in the heart and aorta. Neither body weight nor blood pressure were significantly changed after six weeks of Loni or CoQ10 treatment. Both Loni and CoQ10 decreased the plasma LDL level. Moreover, Loni decreased the total cholesterol level. The total NOS activity did not change in the heart after the treatments. However, in the aorta, Loni treatment increased NOS activity and protein expression of SOD and decreased expressions of NADPH oxidase and NF-kappa B compared to both the control and CoQ10 groups. There were no changes in the eNOS protein expression within the groups. In conclusion, it seems that the antioxidant effect of Loni was responsible for both the decrease of plasma LDL and the total cholesterol levels and the increase of vascular NOS activity.

Polyphenols from blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea var. edulis) berry inhibit lipid accumulation in adipocytes by suppressing lipogenesis

Ethnopharmacological relevanceBlue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea var. edulis) berry has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections, gastrointestinal disorders, and metabolic diseases. There is evidence to support its pharmacological effects in improving diabetes, fatty liver, and obesity. Aim of studyTo investigate the effect of blue honeysuckle berry extract (BHBE) on lipid accumulation in adipocytes and the underlying mechanism. Materials and methodsHigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) was applied to analyze the polyphenolic compounds in BHBE. 3T3-L1 cells were used to induce into adipocytes. Oil Red O staining combined with triglyceride (TG) content determination were carried out to evaluate intracellular lipid accumulation. Western blot was used to determine the expression of lipogenic enzymes and transcription factors. Real-time PCR was used to determine the expression of lipolytic enzymes and adipocyte markers. ResultsThe primary polyphenols in BHBE are flavonoids (mainly flavonols and anthocyanins). BHBE dose-dependently inhibited lipid accumulation in adipocytes by reducing the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and increasing the phosphorylation level of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). Moreover, BHBE was found to promote the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and further reduce the expression of lipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1c), while the selective AMPK inhibitor attenuated the suppressive effect of BHBE on lipogenesis. In addition, BHBE increased the expression of beige adipocyte markers (Cd137 and Tmem26) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) without affecting the expression of brown adipocyte markers (Ebf3 and Eva1). ConclusionBHBE inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes by suppressing lipogenesis via AMPK activation as well as by promoting beiging of adipocytes, which supports the anti-obesity potential of blue honeysuckle berry.

Abstract 1779: Dietary supplementation of haskap berry anthocyanin and probiotics attenuate the severity of DSS-induced acute colitis in Balb/c mice

Abstract Introduction: Colitis-associated colorectal cancer is a specific type of colorectal cancer that develops from long-standing chronic inflammatory conditions in colorectal epithelium. Genotoxic compounds produced by inflammatory cells can damage DNA and thereby can initiate malignant transformation. Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) berry, is a rich source of dietary anthocyanins, specifically cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G). C3G has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. This study aimed at investigating the oral supplementation of free- or microencapsulated-haskap anthocyanin (310 mg/kg of body weight/mouse) alone or with probiotics (1×109 CFU/day) on the severity reduction of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)- induced acute colitis in Balb/c mice. Methodology: The study was carried out in two main phases: 1) optimization of microencapsulation of haskap anthocyanin using novel coating materials; and 2) Investigating the combined effect of anthocyanin and probiotics on DSS-induced acute colitis in vivo. Maltodextrin and inulin (3:1 w/w) were used as coating materials and four different core to shell ratios (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2 and 1:3) were tested. The best ratio (1:1.5) was selected based on the physical characteristics, encapsulation yield, efficiency, recovery, and anthocyanin retention in the particles and was then used in DSS induced acute colitis model. Thirty-five Balb/C male mice of seven weeks old were divided into seven dietary supplementation groups (n=5) to receive either free anthocyanin, microencapsulated anthocyanin, or probiotics alone or as combinations of anthocyanin and probiotics. The colonic inflammation of mice was induced by oral administration of DSS at 3% for 7 days. Attenuation of acute colitis was investigated through clinical data, western blot, histopathology, and ELISA. Results: None of the dietary supplements showed hepatotoxicity in experimental mice hence the tested amounts were in safe limits. Compared with the DSS alone group, anthocyanin + probiotics supplemented group significantly inhibited the severity of colitis as measured by colon shortening, and disease activity index score. All the supplementary diets reduced the expression of occludin but had no effect on claudin-3 and claudin-4 expressions. Histological assessments, measures of inflammatory mediators and characterization of the gut microbiome will be presented. Conclusions: Dietary supplementation of haskap berry anthocyanin + probiotics protects against DSS-induced colitis possibly through attenuating the epithelial inflammation. Citation Format: K.V. Surangi Dharmawansa, Andrew Stadnyk, H.P. Vasantha Rupasinghe. Dietary supplementation of haskap berry anthocyanin and probiotics attenuate the severity of DSS-induced acute colitis in Balb/c mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1779.

Screening and Identification of Yeasts Strains of Degradable Organic Acids in Lonicera edulis

Microorganisms were isolated and purified from the fresh fruit of Changbai Mountain. The yeasts strains of degradable organic acids were screened and obtained. The acid reducing characteristics and tolerance were studied, and the biological identification was carried out. The results showed that five strains with acid reducing effect were selected from the fruits of Lonicera edulis. The acid reducing rates of B5 for malic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid were 42.60%±0.85%, 18.28%±0.80% and 13.09%±0.61% respectively. The strain B5 was identified as zygosasaccharomyces bisporus by morphological observation, physiological and biochemical tests and 26S rDNA identification. The tolerant to glucose and SO2 concentrations of 250 g/L and 400 mg/L and alcohol tolerance of 18% vol, respectively. The results of this experiment can provide a reference for the biological deacidification of fruit wine products.

Development of Pea Protein Films with Haskap (Lonicera caerulea) Leaf Extracts from Aqueous Two-phase Systems

Development of Pea Protein Films with Haskap (Lonicera caerulea) Leaf Extracts from Aqueous Two-phase Systems

Effect of Two Combined Functional Additives on Yoghurt Properties.

The aim of the research was the analysis of yoghurts enriched with blue honeysuckle berries dry polyphenolic extract and new preparation of resistant starch. The additives were introduced individually at concentration 0.1% (w/v) and in mixture at final concentration of 0.1 and 0.2% of both components. Yogurt microflora, pH, and its physicochemical and antioxidant properties were examined over 14 days of storage under refrigerated conditions. Studies showed that both substances can be successfully used in yoghurt production. Yoghurt microflora es. S. thermophilus and Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus counts appeared to be higher in samples supplemented with these additives comparing to control yoghurt by 3–8%. More stimulating effect on their growth, especially on S. thermophilus, revealed resistant starch. Addition of this polysaccharide improved also the rheological properties of yogurts, which showed higher viscosity than samples produced without it. Addition of honeysuckle berries preparation significantly influenced the yogurts’ color, giving them deep purple color, and their antioxidant potential. During storage, contents of anthocyanin and iridoid compounds were decreasing, but antioxidant activity in the products remained stable.

Recovery of chlorogenic acid from haskap leaves (Lonicera caerulea) using aqueous two-phase extraction

The concept of a biorefinery can be applied to the haskap plant (Lonicera caerulea), where the berries are harvested but the leaves are an under-utilized resource. In this study, aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) was used to extract chlorogenic acid (CGA) from haskap leaves. The consumption of CGA is associated with health benefits and it is sold as a natural health supplement. Two different aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs), consisting of ethanol/sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) and ethanol/potassium phosphate dibasic (K2HPO4), were compared. The factors investigated were salt/ethanol composition and extraction time. The ethanol/NaH2PO4 system had higher yield of 85.03 mg CGA/g leaves, partition coefficient of 40.41, and 92.97% extraction efficiency. The yield from conventional Soxhlet extraction was 109.74 mg CGA/g leaves; however, this required a much longer extraction time of 24 h. LC-HRMS also showed the presence of CGA, and possibly lonicerin, rutin, and diosmin isomers in the leaf extracts.

Effect of growing location on anthocyanin content and total antioxidant capacity of haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) berry: A preliminary investigation

The haskap has been successfully cultivated in many geographical zones in Canada. We investigated whether the latitude has any impact on the anthocyanin accumulation and total antioxidant capacity in the haskap berry. The measured quality attributes were compared with that of the blueberry. Haskap ‘Aurora’ berries were collected from Yukon, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Nova Scotia in Canada, and blueberries were collected from Nova Scotia. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), the most abundant anthocyanin of haskap berry, the total anthocyanins, the total polyphenols, the soluble solids (°Brix), the pH value, the total antioxidant capacity, and the moisture content were determined. The results revealed that the total anthocyanin, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity of the haskap range between 88 to 273 mg C3GE/100 g fresh weight (FW), 256 to 442 mg GAE/100 g of FW, and 27 to 52 µmol TE/g FW, respectively. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) analysis revealed that the C3G contained in the haskap berry is highly dependent on the harvest stage. Among the samples, the haskap berry harvested on July 19, 2019, from the Yukon had the highest C3G content. Interestingly, the total anthocyanin content of the haskap berry is comparable to that of the lowbush blueberry, but higher than the highbush blueberry. A systematic multi-year experiment employing many cultivars and growing locations is recommended to better understand the latitude effect.

Formation of A-type anthocyanin-epicatechin dimers by model reactions of anthocyanin extracts and epicatechin

A-type proanthocyanidins (PACs) with health benefits such as prevention of urinary-tract infections are less common in food. Anthocyanins can directly condense with epicatechins to give rise to A-type anthocyanin-epicatechin dimers linked by C4–C8 and C2–O–C7 bonds, analogues of A-type PACs. Cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-galactoside, and petunidin-3-rutinoside-(p-coumaroyl)-5-glucose are the major anthocyanins of Lonicera caerulea berry, black chokeberry, and Lycium ruthenicum Murray extracts, respectively. We investigated the reaction of these anthocyanins with epicatechin at different pH, with temperature-time combinations, and in aerobic and nonaerobic conditions. Nucleophilic addition of epicatechin to the flavylium form of anthocyanins occurred at pH 1.5–4.0. The A-type colorless dimers cyanidin-3-glucoside-epicatechin, cyanidin-3-galactoside-epicatechin, and petunidin-3-rutinoside-(p-coumaroyl)-5-glucose-epicatechin were observed under optimal conditions (pH 3.0, 90 °C–110 °C, 80–100 min, anaerobic). This indicated that berry extracts, containing only B-type PACs, can synthesize analogues of A-type PACs mainly found in cranberry after thermal treatment.

Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties of Lonicera caerulea Berries: Evaluation of 11 Cultivars.

The aim of the study was to evaluate 11 cultivars of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) for bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and the antibacterial activity of berries. Total phenolic contents (TPCs) and total anthocyanin contents (TACs) were established by using ethanolic extracts. For contents of organic acids and saccharides, aqueous extracts were used, and vitamin C was determined by using oxalic acid solution. DPPH• radical scavenging capacity was evaluated by using ethanolic extracts; antibacterial activity was assessed by using both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. The TPC varied from 364.02 ± 0.41 mg/100 g in ‘Vostorg’ to 784.5 ± 0.3 mg/100 g in ‘Obilnaja’, and TAC ranged from 277.8 ± 1.1 mg/100 g in ‘Čelnočnaja’ to 394.1 ± 8.4 mg/100 g in ‘Nimfa’. Anthocyanins comprised 53.8% of total phenolic contents on average. Among organic acids, citric acid was predominant, averaging 769.41 ± 5.34 mg/100 g, with malic and quinic acids amounting to 289.90 ± 2.64 and 45.00 ± 0.37 mg/100 g on average, respectively. Contents of vitamin C were 34.26 ± 0.25 mg/100 g on average. Organic acids were most effective in the inhibition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested. In conclusion, berries of L. caerulea are beneficial not only for fresh consumption, but also as a raw material or ingredients of foods with high health-promoting value.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Anthocyanins from Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) Berries Using a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) DES Extraction of Anthocyanins from Haskap Berries.

SUMMARYResearch backgroundHaskap berries are one of the richest natural sources of anthocyanins and their extracts can be used for nutraceuticals and functional food ingredients. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) comprising food-grade or generally recognized as safe (GRAS) components show promise as natural solvents, but have not been applied to haskap berries. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the extraction of anthocyanins from haskap berries using a DES consisting of citric acid and d-(+)-maltose.Experimental approachThe experimental approach used ultrasound-assisted extraction with a DES consisting of citric acid and d-(+)-maltose as the solvent to achieve a sustainable green extraction process. Response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken experimental design was used to study the effect of varying the extraction temperature, time of extraction, V(solvent)/m(sample) ratio (mL/g) and the water volume fraction (%) in the DES on the total anthocyanin content (TAC) in the haskap berry extracts.Results and conclusionsUnder the optimal extraction conditions (75 °C, 10 min, 50.4 mL/g and 90% water) a predicted TAC extraction on dry mass basis yielded 21.2 mg/g, with experimental error of 7.2%. The TAC yield and anthocyanin profiles were similar to those obtained with conventional organic solvents.Novelty and scientific contributionThis is the first study investigating the use of a food-grade DES comprising GRAS components for the extraction of anthocyanins from haskap berries. These results indicate that the studied DES (citric acid and d-(+)-maltose) is a suitable alternative solvent for extracting anthocyanins for food-grade applications.

Phenolic Profiles, Antioxidant Activity and Phenotypic Characterization of Lonicera caerulea L. Berries, Cultivated in Lithuania.

Lonicera caerulea L. is an early fruit-bearing plant that originates from harsh environments. Raw materials contain a body of different phenolic origin compounds that determine the multidirectional antioxidant and pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the phenolic composition, antioxidant capacities, vegetative, pomological, and sensory properties and their interrelations of selected L. caerulea cultivars, namely ‘Amphora’, ‘Wojtek’, ‘Iga’, ’Leningradskij Velikan’, ‘Nimfa’, ‘Indigo Gem’, ‘Tundra’, ‘Tola’, and fruit powders. Combined chromatographic systems were applied for the qualitative and quantitative profiling of 23 constituents belonging to the classes of anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids. The determined markers of phytochemical profiles were cyanidin-3-glucoside, rutin, chlorogenic, and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Anthocyanins and the predominant compound, cyanidin-3-glucoside, were the determinants of antioxidant activity. Cultivars ‘Amphora’, ‘Indigo Gem’, and ‘Tundra’ contained the greatest total amounts of identified phenolic compounds. Phenotypic characterization revealed the superiority of cultivars ‘Wojtek’ and ’Tundra’ compared to other cultivars, although ’Wojtek’ had low phenolic content and antioxidant activity and ’Tundra’ got lower sensory evaluation scores. Coupling the results of phenotypic and phytochemical characterization, cultivar ‘Tundra’ could be suitable for commercial plantations.

Influence of soil conditions on the manifestation of chlorosis and parthenocarp in <i>Lonicera caerulea</i> L

Influence of soil conditions on the manifestation of chlorosis and parthenocarp in <i>Lonicera caerulea</i> L