Abstract
Lonicera caerulea L. is an early fruit-bearing plant that originates from harsh environments. Raw materials contain a body of different phenolic origin compounds that determine the multidirectional antioxidant and pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the phenolic composition, antioxidant capacities, vegetative, pomological, and sensory properties and their interrelations of selected L. caerulea cultivars, namely ‘Amphora’, ‘Wojtek’, ‘Iga’, ’Leningradskij Velikan’, ‘Nimfa’, ‘Indigo Gem’, ‘Tundra’, ‘Tola’, and fruit powders. Combined chromatographic systems were applied for the qualitative and quantitative profiling of 23 constituents belonging to the classes of anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids. The determined markers of phytochemical profiles were cyanidin-3-glucoside, rutin, chlorogenic, and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Anthocyanins and the predominant compound, cyanidin-3-glucoside, were the determinants of antioxidant activity. Cultivars ‘Amphora’, ‘Indigo Gem’, and ‘Tundra’ contained the greatest total amounts of identified phenolic compounds. Phenotypic characterization revealed the superiority of cultivars ‘Wojtek’ and ’Tundra’ compared to other cultivars, although ’Wojtek’ had low phenolic content and antioxidant activity and ’Tundra’ got lower sensory evaluation scores. Coupling the results of phenotypic and phytochemical characterization, cultivar ‘Tundra’ could be suitable for commercial plantations.
Highlights
Lonicera L. genus (Caprifoliaceae Juss.) consists of about 200 species including ornamental, medicinal, and food plants [1]
The blue honeysuckle shrubs still did not reach their final size in the 5th year after planting (Table 2)
The amounts of cyanidin-3-rutinoside tend to prevail after the cyanidin-3,5diglucoside [6,37], but our results show, that only cultivars ‘Leningradskij Velikan’, ‘Wojtek’
Summary
Lonicera L. genus (Caprifoliaceae Juss.) consists of about 200 species including ornamental, medicinal, and food plants [1]. One of the most economically important species is Lonicera caerulea L. The species is distributed in the Northern hemisphere, with main sites of origin in Russia, Canada, China, and Japan, growing in the continental climate zones Dwa, Dwb, Dwc, Dfb, Dfc climate regions [2,3,4,5]. The plant is highly resistant to various extreme environmental conditions and can successfully grow even in very harsh environments. An attractive trait is a fruitbearing time, depending on the growing region, it occurs in May or June, the plant being one of the earliest available Northern fruits in the season [4,6,7].
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