General Education Organizations Research Articles

Социально-педагогическое проектирование внеурочной деятельности как актуальная проблема современного образования

This article makes an attempt to prove the importance of the theoretical substantiation of the socio-pedagogical design of extracurricular activities from the standpoint of the professional and personal development of teachers of a general educational organization, included in the organizational forms of pedagogical interaction. The main attention in the work is focused on the description of the model of social and pedagogical design, the conditions for its implementation in the educational organization.

О готовности учителей к формированию функциональной математической грамотности школьников

The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of mathematical literacy of primary school students, which, in accordance with the definition proposed in the international program for assessing the educational achievements of students PISA, is considered in the context of functional literacy. The article reflects the concept of a teacher's readiness to form mathematical literacy of schoolchildren, the structure of this concept has been developed, which includes five components: cognitive, motivational, emotional, operational and evaluative.
 The article describes the research carried out by the authors aimed at identifying the readiness of mathematics teachers of general education organizations to form students' mathematical literacy, presents a questionnaire developed to solve the research problems. The results of the analysis of ideas, attitudes and beliefs of teachers of mathematics regarding the formation of functional mathematical literacy of students are presented. The analysis of the cognitive, operational and evaluative components of readiness has been carried out in accordance with the following tasks: first, to reveal the level of the teacher's understanding of the pedagogical task and the assessment of its significance for society in modern conditions; secondly, to reveal the ideas of teachers about the methodology for the formation of mathematical literacy and mathematical content aimed at the formation of this ability; thirdly, to reveal the attitude towards the possibilities of forming mathematical literacy within the framework of a general education school, the problems and difficulties arising in solving this pedagogical problem.
 The analysis made it possible to reveal a contradiction between the high level of understanding by teachers of the significance of a new pedagogical task for them and the lack of didactic tools and teaching methods necessary for its solution. The directions of further research necessary to increase the level of mathematics teachers' readiness for the formation of functional mathematical literacy of students in Russian schools are proposed.

Внеурочная деятельность школьников как средство гражданско-патриотического воспитания

The article deals with the problems associated with the formation of civic qualities and Patriotic feelings of schoolchildren by means of extracurricular activities. As an integral part of the educational process, extracurricular activities are a mechanism that reveals the internal logic and structural components of the process of civil and Patriotic education. In the process of implementing extracurricular activities, a General education organization must create the necessary conditions to develop basic value orientations. Therefore, when planning educational work, it is important to take into account the methodological foundations and principles of civil and Patriotic education. A significant expansion of students ' understanding of the essence of citizenship and patriotism is facilitated by events, the content of which is dominated by materials about the historical events of the country, state symbols, and traditional cultural values. From these positions, the organization and implementation of extracurricular activities of educational organizations, due to its educational potential, largely determines the orientation of students to their socialization, being the most important mechanism of civil and Patriotic education.

Проблемы и перспективы развития функциональной тренированности у учащихся общеобразовательных организаций с первоначальной летной подготовкой

Justification for inclusion of functional training methodology aimed at increasing hypoxic stability of students in the education process of 10-11 grades of general education organizations with initial flight training is presented. The method is based on the development of functional training of the body in specific conditions for the person, namely carrying out trainings in water. The main criteria determining conditions and content of the methodology were accessibility in practical application, adequacy of peculiarities of educational and training process of pupils of 10-11 grades of general education organizations with initial flight training, correspondence of peculiarities of vocational-applied training for further continuation of education and forthcoming professional activity. The study determined that the application of the developed methodology contributes to the development of functional training, coordination abilities, endurance, high-speed abilities, as well as has a positive impact on the psychoemotional condition and mental performance of boarding school cadets.

Формирование национальной гордости в условиях регионального патриотического воспитания

The article discusses the problems of the formation of national pride in the process of regional patriotic education of students of general educational organizations. The relevance of this issue is due to several factors. Firstly, within the framework of the Federal Targeted Program for the Development of Education for 2016-2020, one of the main areas of educational and upbringing work is the introduction of a regional component. Secondly, the orientation of educational organizations belonging to a region towards its inherent ethnocultural values influences quite a lot the effectiveness of the patriotic education system. At the same time, familiarization with traditional culture contributes to the formation of national pride in the achievements of its people, a constructive attitude to the world and an active civic position of youth. The system of regional patriotic education of students of secondary schools is described by the example of two constituent entities of the Russian Federation - the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Dagestan.

Establishment of the All-day School in Lithuania: An Institutional Analysis

The traditional model of general education organization, which focuses only on the provision of human capital as a guarantor of welfare, cannot effectively achieve this goal without removing other barriers to the child’s development (OECD 2016). The acquisition of human capital also significantly depends on a person’s social and cultural capital. In addition to its traditional functions, a school can also provide social and cultural capital by providing a space for the interaction of various social networks, promotion of new ideas and cultural diversity, and the involvement of social partners in school activities (Healy 2001). An all-day school is one of the tools to provide children with social and cultural capital. Despite the existing disparities between a pupil’s achievement and the low level of their social and cultural capital (Shleider 2018), all-day schools are not widespread.According to John Elster (2000), the actions of an organization are determined firstly by opportunities and then by interests. Opportunities are determined by economic, institutional, and psychological constraints. The aim of this study is to analyze the institutional limitations of establishing an all-day school. Elinor Ostrom (2009) argues that the whole set of institutions that determine the situation of action (in our case, the establishment or non-establishment of an all-day school) can be divided into 7 groups: boundaries, positions, choices, aggregation, information, potential outcomes, and payoff institutions. The institutional limitations of all-day school establishment were analyzed in the study using a qualitative content analysis of documents on the principle of axial coding, distinguishing subcategories and categories. The results of the study showed that institutional constraints do not limit access to an all-day school, but there is a high concentration of power, lack of accountability for service quality, and parental costs that may limit access to services for children from lower-income families with the greatest social and economic disadvantages.

DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCIES OF A SOCIAL TEACHER IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

The development of inclusive education in Kazakhstan determines the renewal and improvement of approaches to the training and professional activities of teachers. Inclusive education involves co-education of healthy normally developing children and children with special educational needs. Children with special educational needs in the international classification are defined as children who experience constant difficulties in obtaining education due to: limited development opportunities – hearing, vision, speech disorders; behavioral and emotional problems; environmental factors – economic, social, cultural, the state of thematic health. The inclusion of children with special educational needs in General education organizations requires a change in approaches to education and the implementation of the pedagogical process. This, of course, increases the requirements for the competence of teaching staff. A special place among them is occupied by such a young profession as a social teacher. Its role is huge in the integral pedagogical process of the school, since one of the most important tasks of inclusive education is the full socialization of children with special educational needs. The article reveals the features of psychological and pedagogical competence of a social teacher as an important participant in the educational inclusive process. The authors offer indicators of a high level of psychological and pedagogical competence of a specialist.

Об актуализации проблемы социализации воспитанников суворовских военных училищ МВД России на начальном этапе обучения

The construction of the correct trajectory of socialization, as a process of people’s inclusion to life in society, is one of the most important issues of modern pedagogical science. This problem is especially acute in educational organizations that prepare minors for military and other public service, which is confirmed by studies of domestic authors and by pedagogical practice. A significant role in the process of socialization is played by its initial stage, when the growing person adapts to the militarized educational environment and the former schoolboy assumes a completely new social role of the student. The article actualizes the problem of socialization of students in the Suvorov military schools of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at the initial stage of training. Insufficient attention is currently being paid by the scientific community to studies of the socialization processes of students in Suvorov schools, Nakhimov schools and cadet corps in general and general educational organizations of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs in particular. Analyzing the scientific literature, taking into account the place of the educational environment and the significance of the value system of pupils in this process and based on a common understanding of socialization, the authors identify some factors that prevent successful socialization at the initial stage of training in pre-university educational organizations of power structures: low competence of the teacher and educator; imbalance between mental, mental and physical stress; uneven process of transition from the status of an ordinary pupil to the status of a student, etc. Taking into account the differences between educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and other law enforcement agencies, the authors conclude that there is no single and systematic approach to studying the problem of socialization of students of the Suvorov military schools of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and insufficient scientific and methodological elaboration of this direction.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ И РАЗВИТИЕ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНО-ПЛАНИРОВОЧНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ШКОЛ БЕЛГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ (1904 -2020 гг)

This article presents the results of a systematic study of the formation and development of the functional- planning structure of buildings of general education schools in the Belgorod region. The study is carried out in historical retrospect (1904-2020). Three main stages of the formation of the school buildings structure and its periods are identified. For each of the stages, a description of the typological features of school buildings is given, the functional planning structure and its evolution are considered. The research methodology and methods are based on the principles of a systematic approach and a comprehensive historical, genetic and structural analysis. The research uses methods of generalization and comparative analysis of materials. The data obtained is processed by statistical and graphical analysis methods. The research has shown that at the first stage (Russian Empire, 1904–1917), the system of secondary education is just beginning to take shape. High schools are being built in cities, and parochial and rural schools are being built in rural areas. At the second stage (USSR, 1917–1991), with the transition of the country to the principles of universal literacy, through the system of public education, there is a rapid development of the type of public building of a general educational organization. This period is characterized by the mass construction of schools, which were the first public buildings to be built according to standard projects. Standard design was a forced measure necessary to solve problems related to the development of the public education system. At the third stage (Russian Federation, 1991-2020), there was a transition from standard to individual design of school buildings. However, although the projects were declared as individual, they were mostly based on the solutions of standard projects of the Soviet era, and became their improved copies. The study, based on examples of modern implemented projects, identifies the main directions of development of the functional-planning structure of buildings of general education schools in the Belgorod region in modern conditions with their transformation into multifunctional educational buildings-complexes.

ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ МЕХАНИЗМ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ МИГРАЦИИ ТРУДОСПОСОБНОГО СЕЛЬСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В РЕГИОНЕ

A mechanism has been developed to regulate the migration of the able-bodied rural population, taking into account the identified attractive and repulsive factors (income level, availability of medical services and general educational organizations) for groups of municipal districts depending on the level of demographic distress (depressed; partially depressed; border values that are borderline and successful). Through the mechanism for implementing decisions with regulatory support, taking into account municipal strategies for socio-economic development, a targeted administrative and managerial impact on business entities, the working population, social infrastructure and the socio-economic sphere of depressed, partially depressed, border and favorable regions of the region is substantiated. The mechanism is controlled by an interdepartmental commission on rural development under the relevant ministry (agriculture of the region) and is carried out using the tools of the organizational and economic module. These tools provide: improvement of social infrastructure, social guarantees and transparency in the labor market, stable earnings, provision of housing for professionals through long-term labor contracts (at least 10 years), the allocation of enterprises own funds for free assistance for overhaul and maintenance of social infrastructure facilities, implementation of investment projects in the areas of specialization of differentiated groups of regions, including crop production (mainly vegetable farming of closed soil) and livestock farming (sheep, fish farming, poultry farming), as well as the modernization and revitalization of the production and processing infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex (grain crops, elevators, slaughter shops, deep processing workshops). The systemic impact of the mechanism will create 726 additional jobs in the agricultural sectors in the Baltay, Petrovsk, Turki, Voskresenskoe, Novouzensk and Krasnoarmeysk districts and reduce the existing outflow of the population.

Modern concepts of professional burnout in occupational medicine

The article considers the evolution of views on burnout in connection with the transition of society from an industrial to a service economy. The study of the phenomenon of burnout has passed many years of research by various experts. Today, the understanding of burnout as a three-component model (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, or cynicism, reduction of personal achievements) is expanded by its positive opposite — engagement (energy, participation in work, a sense of one’s own professional effectiveness). The concept of this phenomenon as a global phenomenon associated with the increasing role of psychosocial factors that form professional stress is presented. Models of professional stress formation based on psychosocial factors ‘ imbalances are highlighted. The analysis of the modern system understanding of burnout caused by the integration of social psychology, hygiene, occupational medicine and other fi elds of activity is given. The signifi cance of the psychosocial work environment with its new components (mobbing, cybermobbing, presenteeism, absenteeism, livism, workaholism) in the formation of professional burnout is shown. The analysis of modern views on burnout from a psychological phenomenon to a medical diagnosis in a number of foreign countries is carried out. Information is given about the introduction of burnout in ICD–11 as a syndrome that occurs as a result of chronic stress in the workplace, characterized by a sense of exhaustion, increased mental detachment from work, and a decrease in professional efficiency. It is emphasized that burnout refers only to phenomena in the professional context. The results of their own research on the features of professional burnout of teachers of General education organizations are presented. The article substantiates the necessity of forming the concept of professional burnout in occupational health, based on an integrated approach to assessing working conditions, including psychosocial factors in the workplace and the health of employees.

TECHNOLOGY OF DESIGNING OF MATHEMATICAL EDUCATION ON AN INNOVATIVE BASIS IN A GENERAL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION

The actual need of the design of mathematical education in a general education organization that takes into account socio-economic and pedagogical realities, is substantiates in this article. The concepts “design of mathematical education in a general education organization”, “innovative educational system for teaching mathematics”, “design technology” are defined. The design of mathematical education as an innovative educational system for teaching mathematics in a general education organization has a landmark nature. It is reflected in specific design procedures, which determines the manufacturability of pedagogical design. The technology includes instructions for step-by-step actions and methods for their implementation, forms and methods of activity. The technology of designing mathematical education on an innovative basis is presented in the form of an algorithm (consisting of three interrelated steps and 9 procedures) describing a sequence of actions and methods for their implementation. The design algorithm developed in the framework of the research is an organizational form of development and further effective implementation of the design model of mathematical education on an innovative basis. Designing of mathematics education in a general education organization allows you to balance the individual desires and capabilities of all subjects of education, taking into account the socio-economic context, which improves the quality of mathematical education.

Организационно-содержательные аспекты реализации инклюзивного образования

This article discusses the implementation of a model of inclusive education in general education organizations and the construction of an educational route for students with disabilities. It is through the substantive and organizational sections of the adapted basic general education programmes that special conditions are created and observed to ensure that children with special needs and disabilities have equal access to quality education in general education organizations, taking into account the peculiarities of their psychophysical development and the recommendations of psychological, medical and pedagogical commissions. The main aim of the study is to systematize and improve the professional competencies in supervisors and teachers – members of the working groups on the development of adapted basic general education programs of educational organizations. In order to achieve the aim of this study, the following analytical methods have been employed: retrospective analysis of scientific literature, content analysis of periodical press and proceedings of scientific conferences on the subject; as well as practical methods (including own experience of working in the fields of specialized education and advanced training). In addition, BE of FVE “Chuvash Republican Institute of Education of the Ministry of Education of Chuvashia” proposed a program of advanced training “Organizational and Substantive Aspects of Inclusive Education,” based on legal, theoretical and methodological principles. The results of the conducted study show that supervisors and teachers – members of the working groups – are gaining significant practical knowledge of developing adapted basic general education programmes. It can be concluded that the planned results of the program suggest elimination of professional deficiency concerning the organizational and substantive issues of constructing an educational route for children with disabilities in conditions of inclusive education, as well as development of adapted basic general education programs of an educational organization.

Cyberbullying as a Socio-Psychological Phenomenon

In the XXI century the problem of safe use of the Internet space is becoming an object of study for a wider range of people — international and national business structures, political organizations, law enforcement agencies, social organizations, professional groups and individuals. The authors set themselves the following tasks: to study the nature of interpersonal communication of students in a general educational organization; to characterize the genesis, structure, causes and consequences of the infl uence of cyberbullying on the socialization process of modern adolescents; to conduct an empirical study aimed at identifying the causes and degree of susceptibility to cyberbullying of modern schoolchildren, and interpret its results.

The study of the subjective prerequisites for a healthy lifestyle in students of educational institutions

The article substantiates the urgency of the problem of forming healthy lifestyle skills in students of general educational organizations. The authors proceed from the recognition of the leading role of a healthy lifestyle in the system of factors affecting human health, as well as from the requirements of the Federal state educational standards for personal educational results in the field of preservation and promotion of health. This study is devoted to an integrated assessment of the subjective prerequisites for a healthy lifestyle in students of general educational organizations. The article presents the results of a survey of students regarding their relationship to a healthy lifestyle in dynamics over a three-year period. The statistical data on the subjective prerequisites of a healthy lifestyle — ideas, motivation, behavior, which together determine the attitude to a healthy lifestyle as an integral phenomenon, is analyzed. The authors emphasize the interconnection and mutual influence of the subjective prerequisites of healthy lifestyle on the formation of sustainable habits of health-preserving behavior. The method of comparative analysis revealed the contradictions between knowledge and motivation, knowledge and behavior, motivation and behavior. The subjective psychological prerequisites for a healthy lifestyle are not consistent and contradict each other, which negatively affects the formation of healthy lifestyle habits. The ideas about the requirements of a healthy lifestyle are largely socially desirable and reflect the cognitive patterns of a healthy lifestyle transmitted in the sociocultural environment of children. The value of one’s own health is not realized and is not lived, and, as a result, understanding the importance of health and a healthy lifestyle does not contribute to the consolidation of conscious, focused and sustainable health-preserving behavior.

Informatization as a Tool for Optimizing the Catering System in General Education Organizations

The article considers information resources used in the process of organizing school meals, the range of tasks solved through the use of these resources, identifies the problematic aspects of interdepartmental interaction in the process of collecting and processing information, outlines ways to use elements of informatization as a tool for optimizing the nutrition system in general education organizations.

МЕЖРЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ПРОЕКТ «ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ КОМФОРТНОСТЬ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ СЕЛЬСКОЙ ШКОЛЕ» КАК ОСНОВА СОЗДАНИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ КОНЦЕПЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКИХ ШКОЛ РОССИИ

The purpose of this article is to present the author's interpretation of the phenomenon of the education psychological comfort in rural school and some results on the analysis of its actual state, recorded in the framework of the empirical part of the study. The research methodology is integrative-differentiated, value, comparative, statistical and inductive approaches. The main methods are analysis of a few theoretical domestic and foreign sources on the problem of psychological comfort of education in a general educational organization; a survey method conducted in the format of a Google questionnaire for four groups of participants in the educational process – teachers teaching in basic and high schools, their parents and school administrators (the questionnaire used the diagnostic technique of I. A.»); content analysis of answers to open-ended questionnaires; method of primary qualitative analysis of empirical arrays obtained in the study; secondary analysis using methods of mathematical statistics. The content of the article presents the following research results: the author's interpretation of the phenomenon «psychological comfort of education in modern rural school»; the results obtained in 10 regions of the Russian Federation in the form of a) defining the mission of modern rural school based on an analysis of the answers of representatives of the administration of rural schools; b) the calculated complex characteristics of education in rural school «integral coefficient of psychological comfort in education». All results are of a comparative nature: data on rural schools correlate with similar parameters of urban schools in the regions. These results determine the scientific novelty of the research being carried out. The materials of the article will be useful to the pedagogical community; scientists interested in both the problems of rural schools and comparative pedagogy; managers and graduate students; possibly to social institutions collecting statistics on the education system. We should add that this article starts series of articles in which the results of the study on individual problems and regions will be presented in more detail.

Практики и формы организации межпредметного образовательного процесса в школе

The article examines the actual problem of the discrepancy between, on the one hand, the society's demand for the formation of functional literacy among schoolchildren through cross-subject training for the successful adaptation of school graduates in a complex world, and, on the other hand, the insufficiently developed practice of cross-subject training in general education organizations. In accordance with the identified problem, the purpose of the research proposed in the article is to substantiate the methodological approach to the organization of cross-subject training for the formation of functional literacy of students in schools of general education institutions and its testing on the example of cross-subject tasks. The research was based on a systematic approach that allowed authors to imagine the formation of functional literacy based on cross-subject learning with the performance of certain functions and on the basis of the most suitable forms of organization of the educational process for these tasks. The novelty and peculiarity of current solutions are the development of organizational forms of cross-subject training with reference to functional literacy and using such forms of training organization as project-based training, case-based training, and problem-oriented training. The authors' experience in the development and use of cross-subject tasks is described, and examples of problems that the author's developments are aimed at solving are given. The article also offers a description of the experience in using project-based learning, problem-based learning, and the case study method in developing and solving cross-subject tasks for students. The results of the study may be useful for representatives of general education organizations that implement different forms of functional literacy training using cross-subject tasks.

Эволюция практико-ориентированных разработок социализации детей в условиях интеграции общего и дополнительного образования детей

We presented and briefly described stages of evolution of practical-oriented development of socialization of children in conditions of integration of general and extracurricular education of children. The study bases on the theory of social partnership, the concept of integration of general and extracurricular education. We established three main stages of evolution of practical-oriented development of socialization of children in conditions of integration of general and extracurricular education of children. We described the main stages of evolution by presenting the main models of integration, key regulatory documents. We found that the key resource for integrating general and complementary education is the ideological, substantive and organizational unity of key components of the educational process in the school. The integration of extra-time activities and the development of extracurricular education programmes creates favourable conditions for the fuller self-realization of students. A modern school needs a holistic project of instrumentally equipped educational and methodological support for combining extracurricular education and out-of-hours activities of students during the socialization of schoolchildren. One of the possible mechanisms for combining extracurricular and general education in the socialization of schoolchildren may be the formation, discussion and approval of an educational program of general education levels of a general education organization.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЙ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ О СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ УСПЕШНОСТИ

This article analyzes representations of modern youth about social success, the factors of social success and the role of socio-pedagogical support in the development of the social success of young people; on the correlation of age and success, success and support; about the impact of social success on the level of human life; about the readiness of youth to accompany other people. The sample size was one hundred and twenty young people between the ages of fourteen and thirty who are studying in General education organizations, professional educational organizations, and educational organizations of higher education in the Yaroslavl region. To study the social perceptions of modern young people, the author's questionnaire was used, and to control the results, individual conversations and the method of focus groups were used. The survey was conducted in writing on an individual basis, indirectly, using the Internet service "Google forms". The link to the survey was posted on the public pages of educational and public organizations in the social network "in contact". Differences are shown in the content of social representations of success as a socio-psychological phenomenon, and in their interpretation by the study participants. It is established that socially successful young people tend to perceive success not only as a result of their own actions, but also as a result of support by family members or teachers, while their peers who consider themselves unsuccessful tend to exaggerate the role of circumstances, including support, in the development of their own social success. Indicators of the presence of socio-pedagogical support in the life of people who are socially successful are higher in percentage than those who are unsuccessful. Most of the study participants note that the most effective development of social success of young people occurs in the conditions of accompanying this process.