Power Game Research Articles

Characterization Analysis in Abdurrahman Munif’s Sibaq al-Masafah al-Thawilah (Long-Distance Race)

The research aims to study character building in Abdul Rahman Munif's novel The Long Distance Race. The writer has sought to convey his novelistic characters through narrative and creative ways, such as using multiple patterns to highlight its varied qualities and features. His study used the structural approach, but benefited from other critical techniques as necessary given the study's nature. The investigation found several key findings, including: First, the narrator does not reveal most of the novelistic characters' traits, but rather those that serve the story's circumstances and goals. Because the narrator depended on presenting the physical component in two ways: telling and showing, it is vital in establishing the primary character. Second: The physical dimension is an important part in building the main character. Third, the psychological component shows us the personality's psychological states, emotions, and feelings, as seen in the psychological battle that the hero Peter has with Bashir, and how he attempts to avoid falling in love with her and racing towards her. Fourth, the writer elected to blend the two narrators, resulting in a mixed vision called dual vision. Fifth, the novel's writer did not give the character the role of showing himself. Most of the characters have suggestive implications, manifested via their position and direction in the world of narration, thereby forging the connection between the meaning of the character's name and the path of the novel's events. يهدف البحث إلى دراسة بناء الشخصية في رواية عبد الرحمن منيف "سباق المسافات الطويلة". سعى الكاتب إلى نقل شخصياته الروائية بطرق سردية وإبداعية ، مثل استخدام أنماط متعددة لإبراز خصائصها وخصائصها المتنوعة. استخدمت دراسته المنهج الهيكلي ، لكنها استفادت من تقنيات نقدية أخرى حسب الضرورة نظرًا لطبيعة الدراسة. توصل التحقيق إلى عدة نتائج رئيسية ، منها: أولاً ، لا يكشف الراوي عن معظم سمات الشخصيات الروائية ، بل تلك التي تخدم ظروف القصة وأهدافها. لأن الراوي اعتمد على تقديم المكون المادي بطريقتين: الحكي والعرض ، فهو أمر حيوي في تأسيس الشخصية الأساسية. ثانيًا: البعد المادي جزء مهم في بناء الشخصية الرئيسية. ثالثًا ، يُظهر لنا المكون النفسي الحالات النفسية للشخصية وانفعالاتها ومشاعرها ، كما يظهر في المعركة النفسية التي خاضها البطل بيتر مع بشير ، وكيف يحاول تجنب الوقوع في حبها والتسابق نحوها. رابعًا ، اختار الكاتب أن يدمج بين الراويين ، مما أدى إلى رؤية مختلطة تسمى الرؤية المزدوجة. خامسًا ، لم يمنح كاتب الرواية الشخصية دور إظهار نفسه. معظم الشخصيات لها دلالات إيحائية ، تتجلى من خلال موقعها واتجاهها في عالم السرد ، مما يؤدي إلى إقامة صلة بين معنى اسم الشخصية ومسار أحداث الرواية.

‘Tilik’: A Study of Power Among Javanese Women Through Gossip

Gossip plays a crucial part in our communicative and social behavior as it is thought to be a manifestation of any ‘ordinary’ everyday life. Interestingly, the portrayal of gossip in Javanese culture can be found in the recent viral short movie Tilik (The Ladies on Top). Unfortunately, contemporary interpretations and discussions about Bu Tejo often focus only on what gossip is about and its negative effect on the image of women. None of them observed the relation between gossip and power. Thus, the study aims to analyze gossip in Tilik movie by using the concept of power among Javanese women. The writer used the qualitative method. The writer focused on the theory of gossip and power; and used the concept of power among Javanese women proposed by Handayani and Novianto. This research revealed that gossip in Tilik becomes the weapon of choice in the female arsenal due to the rivalry between Bu Tejo and Dian. Bu Tejo’s negative attitude towards Dian can be seen as a political tactic for Javanese women, and the personal is political. Lastly, the acts of gossiping in the movie match with the concept of how Javanese women play the game of power through ­srawung (socialization).

Flight and the preferences for truth-telling: An experimental study among refugees and non-refugees in Syria, Jordan, and Germany

We report the results of an experiment on the preference for truth-telling in a repeatedly played mind game with Syrian refugees in Jordan and Germany. We compare their behavior with Syrians who still live in Syria as well as with Jordanians and Germans. The average number of lies is surprisingly similar – and low – across all five samples. However, the lying patterns of Syrian refugees are different from non-refugee participants in Germany, Jordan, and Syria itself. Syrian refugee participants are likely to lie more frequently than non-refugee participants. After having lied once, refugee participants resort to a “never return”- pattern significantly more often than the non-refugee participants. A closer look at the socio-demographic characteristics of our Syrian refugee participants reveals lying to be closely associated with higher age, while a longer stay in the host country is negatively correlated with the observation of lying patterns.

Rules and Rituals in Medieval Power Games: A German Perspective, by Gerd Althoff

Rules and Rituals in Medieval Power Games: A German Perspective, by Gerd Althoff

Nicht Wissen ist auch Macht. Zur Gesprächsdynamik der Eingangsszene in PlatonsKratylos

AbstractIn the introductory scene of Plato’sCratylusa power game takes place that is based on an asymmetrical distribution of knowledge and which determines the dynamics of the communication. Since Cratylus claims to have greater knowledge than Hermogenes, he puts his discussion partner in an inferior position. Hermogenes strives to balance out this power differential by different strategies. One such strategy is that of including Socrates in the discussion. Socrates reacts to the power differential that Cratylus has built up in a different way from Hermogenes: by the fact that he claims no knowledge for himself but even rejects any knowledge, he succeeds in gaining a position superior to Cratylus and Hermogenes.

Development of New and Original Course Material about Mind Games

Bilim ve teknoloji dünyasındaki gelişmeler doğrultusunda yaşanan ilerlemelere uyum sağlayabilmek, onlarla rekabet edebilmek, değişen olaylara ve durumlara adapte olabilmek için zihinsel yeterliliklerimizin ilerlemesi, gelişmesi ve yerinde olması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, zekâ oyunları, genel olarak hem öğrencilerin hem de bireylerin zekâ potansiyellerini tanımasına ve geliştirmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından zekâ oyunları; akıl yürütme ve işlem oyunları, hafıza oyunları, kelime oyunları, strateji oyunları, geometrik mekanik oyunlar ve zekâ soruları olmak üzere 6 ana başlık altında sınıflandırılmaktadır. Ayrıca, zekâ oyunları Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından, bireysel, takım halinde ve rekabet ortamında çalışma becerilerini geliştiren ve problem çözmeye yönelik olumlu bir tutum sağlayan araçlar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda yapılan bu çalışmada, öğrencilerin zihinsel yeterliliklerini geliştirici akıl yürütme ve işlem oyunları, sözel oyunlar, geometrik ve mekanik oyunlar, hafıza oyunları, strateji oyunları ve zekâ soruları kategorisinde toplam 111 tane yeni zekâ oyunu hazırlanarak bir zekâ oyunları eğitim materyali oluşturulmuştur. Hazırlanan eğitim dokümanı – ders materyali – aracılığıyla, öğrencilerin problemler karşısında farklı ve özgün stratejiler ortaya koyması, hızlı ve doğru kararlar vermesi, sistematik bir düşünce yapısına sahip olup geliştirmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bununla birlikte, geliştirilen bu eğitim materyali sayesinde, öğrencilerin problem çözme, iletişim ve akıl yürütme, öz düzenleme ve psikomotor becerilerinin ve duyuşsal özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu plan doğrultusunda, bu çalışmada, zekâ oyunları ile ilgili 6 ana başlık altında 111 orijinal soru tasarlanıp geliştirilmiştir. Ek olarak yapılan bu materyal geliştirme çalışmasının araştırmacılara ve öğretmenlere yol gösterici olması düşünülmektedir.

Development of a computer model of an automated psychologist's workplace

Nowadays, the field of web application development for psychologists and social workers is not sufficiently developed by IT specialists. This is due to the fact that in the period before the COVID-19 pandemic, psychologists had enough personal communication to provide assistance or advice to clients. After the introduction of quarantine norms, the work of psychologists became much more complicated, as a number of restrictions were imposed. At the same time, the need for counseling patients with mental and other illnesses is not decreasing. Demand is growing among those people who have not been so active in psychologists before - the situation encourages them to take care of their health. This problem is solved by programmers of different directions. The task was to develop a web application that could give a psychologist the opportunity to conduct online video conferencing using the necessary tools for online interaction with the patient, based on the original software solution. An online game "Metaphorical Associative Cards" was developed on the basis of the developed web service. No special skills are required to work in this application, and the interface is simple and clear to any user. The user has access to the following pages: the main page should contain information about the website, its news and other information; the course page contains a list of available psychological games that help the psychologist to establish close contact with the client, even online; personal account is a page where you can view and edit personal information of the user; registration, login or password recovery page. This application is already used by psychologists in test mode. In the future, the tools of a psychologist will be expanded and the main page will be developed, where information about psychologists and their articles will be published.

Narration as attraction. Mind-game films and postclassical spectacles

The article is a theoretical proposal which aims to create an alternative framework for mapping postclassical cinema. This framework is based on establishing various modes of relations between narration and spectacle, especially those represented by mind-game films and post-plot films. Instead of considering narration and spectacle as opposition, I suggest redescribing their complementary dynamics. I argue that there is visible feedback between mind-game films and the cinema of digital attractions, which I see as complementary processes of making “spectacular mind games” and “mind-gaming the spectacles”. The article contains an analysis of similar types of cinematic experiences delivered by “narration” and “attractions” and indicates the mutual influences between these two phenomena. Both narration and attraction may bring similar, affective sensations: the notion of shock and dissonance, discomfort, astonishment, kinesthetic impulse or cognitive stimulation.
 As for the article’s conclusion: postclassical cinema variously reshapes the distribution of narration and attraction. Mind-game films are becoming cinematic spectacles. On the other hand, more and more “post-plot” blockbusters are introducing the “mind-gaming the spectacle” strategy, and are engaging viewers with “cognitive” attractions as well.

Mengenal Aksara Bali: Balinese Script game education based on mobile application

Balinese Scriptwriting, as one of Balinese cultural richness, is going to extinct because of its decreasing use. Governor of Bali, I Wayan Koster, expressed concern about the increasingly diminishing interest of the community, especially among the younger generation using it. This research focused on the development of a Balinese Script game education based on a mobile application called Mengenal Aksara Bali. In this research area, Mengenal Aksara Bali offered a solution as an application that is not only for playing,but also provided features for learning Balinese Script glyphs (Aksara Wresastraand numbers). Mengenal Aksara Bali was implemented by using Construct2(a powerful game creator designed especially for 2D games). Through Black Box testing, its functions in the application wasrunning as expected

NGOs and Neocolonialism in Postcolonial Literature: The Case of Central Asia

NGOs and neocolonialism are among the key concerns of postcolonial theorists, but their representation in postcolonial literature has received surprisingly little attention. This article examines the representation of NGOs and their impact on “developing” societies in postcolonial literature, specifically in two post-Soviet Russophone novels – Kazakhstani author Lilya Kalaus’s The Fund of Last Hope: A Post-Colonial Novel (2013) and Tajik author Eleonora Kasymova’s Tajik (2007). My analysis bridges research in literary studies and social sciences by complementing studies “from above” of the post-Soviet transition, and is intended to reveal how postcolonial societies, especially women, adopt, adapt, or resist the norms promoted by their countries’ NGOs. I argue that rather than taking a side or remaining passive objects in the power games of their nations, women writers use their personal insights into the workings of post-Soviet NGOs to expose the neocolonial tendencies in the agendas of each political player. Echoing Achille Mbembe’s notion of “mockery from within”, the authors satirise how local NGOs’ dependency on the West, and their inability to divorce themselves from Soviet influences, lead to their self-orientalising, contradictory and inefficient practices. Moreover, they reveal the complicity between foreign neocolonial forces, local corrupt elites and their subjects. Thus, Kalaus and Kasymova blur the oppressor/oppressed binaries and problematise the stereotypical anti-western critiques of NGOs in their countries. Furthermore, they point to the specificities of the Soviet colonial project and how its legacies are played out in the post-Soviet context. Much as the competing interests from Russia and the West, Soviet legacies, especially internalised Soviet Orientalism, exacerbate class divisions among women and lead to the depoliticisation of gender activism. By focusing on the understudied post-Soviet cultures through a postcolonial lens, the article widens our understanding of global neocolonial processes and their representation in literature more broadly.

Modernization Planner, Authoritarian Paternalist, and Rising Power: Evolving Government Positions in China’s Internet Securitization

ABSTRACT This article combines semantic network and critical discourse analysis to examine China’s official cybersecurity discourse from 1983 to 2018. By integrating the securitization theory and positioning theory, it shifts the analytical focus from ‘threat politics’ to ‘power politics’ by theorizing securitization as a dynamic power game. Three historical phases of cybersecurity discourse are identified, reflecting China’s evolved understanding of the issue and how it defines rights, obligations and power relations among involved actors. Though the state's self-positioning evolved across time, first as a modernization planner, then an authoritarian paternalist, and ultimately a rising power; all three stages demonstrate continuity in featuring a state-society power relationship with the state in the presiding position to securitize the Internet instrumentally toward pursuing its policy and strategic goals.

PENSUASANAAN RUANG INTERIOR MUSEUM OF SEXUAL ASSAULT BERDASARKAN GRAFIK EMOSI FILM

The rise of cases of violence and sexual harassment in Indonesia has made Indonesia face a crisis in handling violence and sexual harassment. This is due to the lack of public education in this case and the lack of public empathy for the tragedy experienced by the victim and tend to commit victim blaming to the victim which makes stigma and stereotypes still last in the community. Therefore, it is necessary to design a museum that can educate and foster public sympathy which is then expected to reduce the number of cases of violence and sexual harassment in Indonesia. Regarding this, a narrative approach method is used from several film titles with the theme of sexual violence and harassment as well as psychological games which will later produce emotional graphics that are used as guidelines in designing the interior atmosphere of the showroom of the Museum of Sexual Assault. From the graph of these emotions, a storyline is created that will be applied in organizing the types of exhibition areas at the Museum of Sexual Assault.

Personality Dimensions Drive Achievement Levels of Cricket Players: A Study on the Five-Factor Model

Aim of study. Cricket is considered a mental game among elite level performers. Specific personality traits characterize elite-level endeavors and high-potential athletes. Previous studies on psychological characteristics of cricket players reported that more skilful cricketers deal more consistently and effectively with their emotions and pressure. 
 Therefore the objective of the present study was analysis of personality traits of cricket players at national, state, and district levels with the help of Five-Factor Model. 
 Materials and Methods. Sample size included 120 male subjects (60 batsmen and 60 pace bowlers) recruited from cricket academies/training facilities/competition venues in India. Big-Five Personality Inventory (BFI-44) was utilized to measure personality dimensions. Differences among personality variables at different competition levels of batsmen and pace bowlers were analyzed using One-way MANOVAs. 
 Results. National level pace bowlers scored high on openness (national vs. district, Mean Difference (MD) = 4.25, p < 0.05; national vs. state, MD = 2.75, p < 0.05) and agreeableness (national vs. district, MD = 4.70, p < 0.05; national vs. state, MD = 3.40, p < 0.05). Similarly, national level batsmen scored high on extraversion (national vs. district; MD = 4.350; p < 0.05), agreeableness (national vs. state; MD = 3.70; p < 0.05), and conscientiousness (national ns. district, MD = 3.25, p < 0.05; national vs. state, MD = 3.450, p < 0.05). 
 Conclusions. National level pace bowlers exhibited greater agreeableness and openness whereas similar level batsmen showed greater agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness as compared to lower levels of participation. Since the concept of “Form” demands multi-factorial approach in the game of cricket, other facets of personality such as focus, mental toughness, self-belief, optimism etc. should also be explored for effective talent identification and coaching in cricket.

Gambling in Taverns : Reflections on the Notion of Play in Persian Culture

Abstract This article treats the notion of “play” in various cultural domains, ranging from exegesis of the Quran, to “mirror for princes” and medieval mystical poetry. The article emphasizes the importance of play for medieval court culture and how a distinction was made between mind games such as chess and backgammon and physical games such as polo. The intriguing aspect of such treatments of games is that they are connected to pleasure and pastimes where a strong fear of gambling exists. The article also briefly deals with the tensions between theological views on play and the popularity of various sorts of play at Persian courts such as chess, backgammon, literary riddles, and polo. While these are actual games in Persia, their poetic and aesthetic aspects are also discussed. For instance, many references are made to polo in an allegorical sense in which the polo ball becomes a metaphor for the head of the lover and the polo stick the hair of the beloved. The article concludes with an analysis of the notion of play in Islamic mysticism, especially in the works of the twelfth-century poet Farīd al-Dīn ʿAṭṭār (d. 1220).

The transition of regional innovation systems to Industry 4.0: the case of Basque Country and Catalonia

ABSTRACT The work looks at how regions design policies to facilitate the transition of regional innovation systems to Industry 4.0. The research analyses how regional Industry 4.0 policies should take into account the integration of the position of the regional productive system into international supply chains, the games of legitimacy and power of the actors involved in the innovation system, the institutional structures that allow the exchange of knowledge on Industry 4.0. between the agents and the connection between the synthetic knowledge base (engineering driven) and the analytical knowledge base (science driven) of the region. Through a detailed case study of the background, structure and impact of Industry 4.0 in the Spanish regions of the Basque Country and Catalonia, the work demonstrates how it is not possible to define a policy of promoting Industry 4.0 that is generalizable to all regions and how each region will have to adapt the design and implementation of its Industry 4.0 policies to the specific characteristics of its regional innovation system. Therefore the replication of policies from other regions will not be an effective mechanism for promoting Industry 4.0 since the transition to Industry 4.0 is a very regional specific and diverse process.

Post-Truth: Knowledge as a Power Game

Post-Truth: Knowledge as a Power Game

Seojeon Byungwon, Jutlandia, and NORMASH: UN's Scandinavian Allies at the Korean War and Beyond (1950s-1960s).

The Korean War (1950–1953) was one of the most calamitous and brutal wars in modern history. It was fought by the post-colonial people of the peninsula, and it culminated in the creation of two ideologically opposed states, but the three years’ military clash in East Asia (or the Far East) is often labelled simply as a “Forgotten War” in the West including North America. The ensuing ethnic division has been interpreted through the various geopolitical lenses of military strategy, politics, international relations, and power games. What about the situation of casualties? Which particular nations in the United Nations (UN) dispatched medical aid for the treatment of war victims? How did the Scandinavian allies participate the non-European war? What were their unique characteristics among non-military supporting nations? What legacy they left for the post-war Koreans? This paper explores the military-historical backgrounds by which each of the following Northern European nation, namely, Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, decided to send unarmed skilled personnel to aid South Korea. The paper argues the social voluntarism of the neutral group in the critical insight that the field activities of Swedish Seojeon Byungwon, Danish Jutlandia, and Norwegian NORMASH individually promoted the Red Cross spirit of advanced humanitarianism on the top of mandatory duty, in giving special attention on children (orphans), women, civilians, POWs, and medical education, as well as the post-war collaboration for the initial Korean public health system in the 1960s.

Mind Games: When Do Medical Student Career Aspirations Correlate With Simulated Surgical Skills Station Performance?

A high level of technical ability is required of vascular surgeons. Medical students pursuing integrated vascular residency programs have limited surgical skills to demonstrate compared with traditional vascular surgery fellowship candidates. As the number of integrated vascular training programs continues to increase, it will become increasingly important to determine if the performance of basic surgical skills provides any indication of which integrated candidates have innate technical ability.

INTERNATIONAL ACTORS’ NUCLEAR RETHORIC – A PERPETUAL DILEMMA AND VARIOUS STANCES

Abstract: Actors struggle in the nuclear power games is more symbolic one, due to the fact that it is believed that a nuclear attack nowadays is not likely to happen, since it is generally-accepted that nations cannot reliably defend against a nuclear attack by using traditional means. Therefore, the present paper aims to emphasize the role of actors’ nuclear rethoric in pursuing nuclear objectives. The document analyzes the nuclear doctrine of the first three most powerful nuclear-states, highlighting the potential of strategic communication.

Relational dimensions, motivation and knowledge-sharing in healthcare: a perspective from relational models theory

This study investigates the relational dimensions that shape clinicians' intentionality and motivation for knowledge-sharing. Qualitative data was collected from 40 clinicians in two hospitals, and relational models theory was used to investigate the impact of different relational models (communal-sharing, authority-ranking, equality-matching and market-pricing) on clinicians' intentionality and motivation to engage in knowledge and learning. While communal-sharing and expert-based authority–ranking relationships predominantly encourage intra-professional knowledge-sharing, equality-matching encourages inter-professional knowledge-sharing. This implies that while the idea is to work together to improve public service quality, each actor has their own interests and is motivated to share knowledge for different collective and/or personal reasons/agendas. In the public sector, formal authority-ranking and market-pricing are the main driving forces of coordination of actions and knowledge flow, through the medium of money and trade. Despite this, power games and a lack of support from those in positions of authority and ignorance of potential conflicts of interest, as well as extrinsic motivators, hamper knowledge-sharing, all of which threaten patient safety. Points for practitioners In pursuit of public service improvement, a focus on fostering an organizational culture that promotes collective behaviour, especially among those in authority, is crucial, given that their lack of support retards knowledge-sharing. For effective knowledge-sharing, both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators are equally important depending on the relational model.