Fasting Animals Research Articles

The Tim Seibles BOOKBIOBOARDGAME: Tracing a poetic lineage

The Tim Seibles BOOKBIOBOARDGAMETracing a poetic lineage Terrance Hayes (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution [End Page 134] dear lucky recipient congratulations, tim seibles fan! You are receiving this very limited edition of our BOOKBIOBOARDGAME for an extended reading of Voodoo Libretto: New and Selected Poems, by Tim Seibles, released in early 2022. Rereadings may be done alone or in pairs at your preferred light source and hour. A few members of our expert reading laboratory have reported enjoying the game best with Derridean deconstructions of the erotic in Tim Seibles. Our principles for enjoying the game are interchangeable with those of the Frank O'Hara Meditations in an Emergency Room and Board Game and the Bob Kaufman Golden Sardine Eating Board Game. But with Seibles we wanted to examine a classic midcentury Black baby boomer ironman work-a-day poet. Seibles is a poet who straddles our poetic past and future like Janus, the god of entrances and exits. ________ You are also receiving our Encyclopedic Century Poet Magic Reversible card deck. One side bears images of our extensive and ever-expanding collection of quintessential poets* and one side is a slanting mystical tarot deck of poetry trivia, scholia, tidbits, and footnotes. [End Page 135] CONTENTS INTRODUCTION YOUR TIM SEIBLES CHARM PLAY PLAYING STRATEGIES PERSONA POETS GAME VERSION STRATEGY WINNING THE GAME SAMPLE BOARD GAME RECAP BOOKS READING EQUIPMENT • Game board, constructed out of Ouija board and virtual pen and ink • Encyclopedic Century Poet Magic Reversible card deck • Tim Seibles charm (player piece) • Dice Click for larger view View full resolution [End Page 136] INTRODUCTION tim seibles was born poised at the middle of the century between Brown v. Board of Education and the founding of Motown. Seibles was born in the year Emmett Till was murdered, one of the national shocks that set the Civil Rights era in motion. Tim Seibles was born at the birth of the civil and right. The proliferation of television meant a proliferation of images of horror at home and abroad. Tim Seibles was born at the birth of popular culture. His work is one measure of Time. He came of age as political change slowly evolved into social change for Black people. ________ "The Word 1964–1981" from Body Moves, his 1988 debut, begins, "In Philadelphia / I went back to the school / we integrated. The bunch of us / had no idea how big a deal it was." The scene returns twenty-four years later in "Allison Wolff," from 2012's Fast Animal, a National Book Award finalist: "Was she Jewish? I was seventeen, // an 'Afro-American' senior transferred to a suburban school / that held just a few of us." The poem speaks in the register of memoir and the timbre of personal letters. The references to "the bunch of us" and "few of us" across the poems underscore the communal and cultural confidence encircling the racial interaction. In "Allison Wolff" "the monsters that murdered / Emmett Till—were they everywhere? / I didn't know. I didn't know enough." In the poem, Black nationalism tangles with integration. Freedom tangles with cultural solidarity. The poems are full of brothers, Black men and Black boys, Black fathers and sons in earshot of Till's murder. ________ We encourage you to look closely at the measure of time in the body of work and in the body of Tim Seibles in America, and the spirit of his poems on earth. [End Page 137] Click for larger view View full resolution [End Page 139] YOUR TIM SEIBLES CHARM make sure all poems have been experienced before assembly. Remove the Janus-head and insert a watch battery (not included) beneath the hat. Assemble the parts of his grasp and reach first. The fingers are delicate. To prevent typos and bruises, do not use excessive force. Seibles belongs to a diminishing breed of troubadour poet, a tribe of bards and guitarists with agile oversized hands, angular Thelonious Monk goatees, and smiles full of affectionate vocabularies. In Body Moves, the poem "The Snail" opens, "Sisters, / I am weak of your kisses / the wanting of them," announcing the images of mouths and kisses that will populate the poems...

Over a decade of field physiology reveals life-history specific strategies to drought in garter snakes (Thamnophis legans).

Changing climates and severe weather events can affect population viability. Individuals need to buffer such negative fitness consequences through physiological plasticity. Whether certain life-history strategies are more conducive to surviving changing climates is unknown, but theory predicts that strategies prioritizing maintenance and survival over current reproduction should be better able to withstand such change. We tested this hypothesis in a meta-population of garter snakes having naturally occurring variation in life-history strategies. We tested whether slow pace-of-life (POL) animals, that prioritize survival over reproduction, are more resilient than fast POL animals as measured by several physiological biomarkers. From 2006 to 2019, which included two multi-year droughts, baseline and stress-induced reactivity of plasma corticosterone and glucose varied annually with directionalities consistent with life-history theory. Slow POL animals exhibited higher baseline corticosterone and lower baseline glucose, relative to fast POL animals. These patterns were also observed in stress-induced measures; thus, reactivity was equivalent between ecotypes. However, in drought years, measures of corticosterone did not differ between different life histories. Immune cell distribution showed annual variation independent of drought or life history. These persistent physiological patterns form a backdrop to several extirpations of fast POL populations, suggesting a limited physiological toolkit to surviving periods of extreme drought.

Quantitative Analysis of Abamectin, Albendazole, Levamisole HCl and Closantel in Q-DRENCH Oral Suspension Using a Stability-Indicating HPLC-DAD Method.

Combination therapy of many anthelmintic drugs has been used to achieve fast animal curing. Q-DRENCH is an oral suspension, containing four different active drugs against GIT worms in sheep, commonly used in Australia and New Zeeland. The anti-parasitic drugs are Albendazole (ALB), Levamisole HCl (LEV), Abamectin (ABA), and Closantel (CLO). The main purpose of this study is to present a new simultaneous stability-indicting HPLC-DAD method for the analysis of the four drugs. The recommended liquid system was 1 mL of Triethylamine/L water, adjusting the pH to 3.5 by glacial acetic acid: acetonitrile solvent (20:80, v/v). Isocratic elusion achieved the desired results of separation at a 2 mL/min flow rate using Zorbax C-18 as a stationary phase. Detection was performed at 210 nm. The linearity ranges were 15.15 to 93.75 μg/mL for ALB, 25 to 150 μg/mL for LEV, 30 to 150 μg/mL for ABA, and 11.7 to 140.63 μg/mL for CLO. Moreover, the final greenness score was 0.62 using the AGREE tool, which reflects the eco-friendly nature. Moreover, the four drugs were determined successfully in the presence of their stressful degradation products. This work presents the first chromatographic method for simultaneous analysis for Q-DRENCH oral suspension drugs in the presence of their stressful degradation products.

Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking and Other Multiple Sclerosis Environmental Risk Factors

Introduction: There are a number of well-established risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). Other factors, however, showed conflicting or inconsistent results. Here, we examine some factors that are unique to or more practiced in Saudi Arabia (SA) and the Arab region such as waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS), face veiling, raw milk (RM) and camel milk (CM) consumption, and tuberculosis (TB) infection in addition to other traditional factors. Methods: This is a sex- and age-matched case-control study in which we used a structured questionnaire to examine the relation between a number of factors and exposures and the risk of MS. Three hundred MS patients and 601 controls were included. Data were analyzed across different statistical models using logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, marital status, duration of breastfeeding, age first joining school, coffee consumption, and face exposure. Results: Cigarette smoking (OR = 1.79, [95% CI: 1.01–3.17], p = 0.047), WTS (OR = 2.25, [95% CI: 1.21–4.15], p = 0.010), and CM consumption (OR = 2.50, [95% CI: 1.20–5.21], p = 0.014) increased the risk of MS, while performing hajj (OR = 0.47, [95% CI: 0.34–0.67], p = 0.001), TB infection (OR = 0.29, [95% CI: 0.11–0.78], p = 0.015), face veiling (OR = 0.32, [95% CI: 0.23–0.47], p = 0.001), and coffee consumption (OR = 0.67, [95% CI: 0.49–0.89], p = 0.008) appeared to be associated with decreased risk. No association was found between fast food, processed meat, soft drinks, animal milk (other than camel), or RM consumption and the risk of MS. Conclusion: The results of this case-control study confirm that different means of tobacco smoking are associated with increased risk of MS. It also sheds more light on the complex association between infections and MS.

Postnatal growth rate varies with latitude in range‐expanding geese: The role of plasticity and day length

The postnatal growth period is a crucial life stage, with potential lifelong effects on an animal's fitness. How fast animals grow depends on their life‐history strategy and rearing environment, and interspecific comparisons generally show higher growth rates at higher latitudes. However, to elucidate the mechanisms behind this gradient in growth rate, intraspecific comparisons are needed.Recently, barnacle geese expanded their Arctic breeding range from the Russian Barents Sea coast southwards, and now also breed along the Baltic and North Sea coasts. Baltic breeders shortened their migration, while barnacle geese breeding along the North Sea stopped migrating entirely.We collected cross‐sectional data on gosling tarsus length, head length and body mass, and constructed population‐specific growth curves to compare growth rates among three populations (Barents Sea, Baltic Sea and North Sea) spanning 17° in latitude.Growth rate was faster at higher latitudes, and the gradient resembled the latitudinal gradient previously observed in an interspecific comparison of precocial species. Differences in day length among the three breeding regions could largely explain the observed differences in growth rate. In the Baltic, and especially in the Arctic population, growth rate was slower later in the season, most likely because of the stronger seasonal decline in food quality.Our results suggest that differences in postnatal growth rate between the Arctic and temperate populations are mainly a plastic response to local environmental conditions. This plasticity can increase the individuals' ability to cope with annual variation in local conditions, but can also increase the potential to re‐distribute and adapt to new breeding environments.

Neural and behavioural effects of typicality, denotation and composition in an adjective–noun combination task

ABSTRACT Formal semantics states that the meanings of phrases are composed from the meanings of constituent parts and syntax. Little is known about how composition is neurally implemented. We studied ERP and behavioural responses to determiner-adjective-noun phrases. We assessed the effects of typicality and denotation, using intersective (typical: “A green turtle”, atypical: “An orange turtle”) or subsective adjectives (typical: “A slow turtle”, atypical: “A fast turtle”). After each phrase, participants responded to two questions (e.g., for “A fast turtle”: “Is it a common turtle?”; “Is it a fast animal?”). We contrasted these 4 semantic conditions, requiring composition, to 2 nonsemantic conditions, where the adjective was replaced with a pseudoword or a nonword. This contrast revealed a larger P600, if participants performed the task without instructions and feedback (experiment 1), or a larger sustained negativity, if they were nudged to pay attention to meaning by instructions and feedback (experiment 2). Typicality or denotation had an impact only on behavioural responses. We discuss implications for theories of language processing and compositional semantics.

Interactive teaching environment for diagnostic radiography with real-time X-ray simulation and patient positioning

PurposeTraditional undergraduate radiographer training mixes academic lectures and clinical practice. Our goal is to bridge the current disconnection between theory and practice in a safe environment, avoiding the risk of radiation for both practitioners and patients. To this end, this research proposes a new software to teach diagnostic radiography using real-time interactive X-ray simulation and patient positioning.MethodsThe proposed medical simulator is composed of three main modules. A fast and accurate character animation technique is in charge of simulating the patient positioning phase and adapts their internal anatomy accordingly. gVirtualXRay is an open-source X-ray simulation library and generates the corresponding radiographs in real time. Finally, the courseware allows going through all the diagnostic radiology steps from the patient positioning and the machine configuration to the final image enhancing.ResultsA face and content validation study has been conducted; 18 radiology professionals were recruited to evaluate our software using a questionnaire. The results show that our tool is realistic in many ways (72% of the participants agreed that the simulations are visually realistic), useful (67%) and suitable (78%) for teaching X-ray radiography.ConclusionsThe proposed tool allows simulating the most relevant steps of the projectional radiography procedure. The virtual patient posing system and X-ray simulation module execute at interactive rates. These features enable the lectures to show their students the results of good and bad practices in a classroom environment, avoiding radiation risk.

Fear conditioning potentiates the hippocampal CA1 commissural pathway in vivo and increases awake phase sleep.

The hippocampus is essential for spatial learning and memory. To assess learning we used contextual fear conditioning (cFC), where animals learn to associate a place with aversive events like foot‐shocks. Candidate memory mechanisms for cFC are long‐term potentiation (LTP) and long‐term depression (LTD), but there is little direct evidence of them operating in the hippocampus in vivo following cFC. Also, little is known about the behavioral state changes induced by cFC. To address these issues, we recorded local field potentials in freely behaving mice by stimulating in the left dorsal CA1 region and recording in the right dorsal CA1 region. Synaptic strength in the commissural pathway was monitored by measuring field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) before and after cFC. After cFC, the commissural pathway's synaptic strength was potentiated. Although recordings occurred during the wake phase of the light/dark cycle, the mice slept more in the post‐conditioning period than in the pre‐conditioning period. Relative to awake periods, in non‐rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep the fEPSPs were larger in both pre‐ and post‐conditioning periods. We also found a significant negative correlation between the animal's speed and fEPSP size. Therefore, to avoid confounds in the fEFSP potentiation estimates, we controlled for speed‐related and sleep‐related fEPSP changes and still found that cFC induced long‐term potentiation, but no significant long‐term depression. Synaptic strength changes were not found in the control group that simply explored the fear‐conditioning chamber, indicating that exploration of the novel place did not produce the measurable effects caused by cFC. These results show that following cFC, the CA1 commissural pathway is potentiated, likely contributing to the functional integration of the left and right hippocampi in fear memory consolidation. In addition, the cFC paradigm produces significant changes in an animal's behavioral state, which are observable as proximal changes in sleep patterns.

Efficient parallelization of SPH algorithm on modern multi-core CPUs and massively parallel GPUs

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is fast emerging as a practically useful computational simulation tool for a wide variety of engineering problems. SPH is also gaining popularity as the back bone for fast and realistic animations in graphics and video games. The Lagrangian and mesh-free nature of the method facilitates fast and accurate simulation of material deformation, interface capture, etc. Typically, particle-based methods would necessitate particle search and locate algorithms to be implemented efficiently, as continuous creation of neighbor particle lists is a computationally expensive step. Hence, it is advantageous to implement SPH, on modern multi-core platforms with the help of High-Performance Computing (HPC) tools. In this work, the computational performance of an SPH algorithm is assessed on multi-core Central Processing Unit (CPU) as well as massively parallel General Purpose Graphical Processing Units (GP-GPU). Parallelizing SPH faces several challenges such as, scalability of the neighbor search process, force calculations, minimizing thread divergence, achieving coalesced memory access patterns, balancing workload, ensuring optimum use of computational resources, etc. While addressing some of these challenges, detailed analysis of performance metrics such as speedup, global load efficiency, global store efficiency, warp execution efficiency, occupancy, etc. is evaluated. The OpenMP and Compute Unified Device Architecture[Formula: see text] parallel programming models have been used for parallel computing on Intel Xeon[Formula: see text] E5-[Formula: see text] multi-core CPU and NVIDIA Quadro M[Formula: see text] and NVIDIA Tesla p[Formula: see text] massively parallel GPU architectures. Standard benchmark problems from the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) literature are chosen for the validation. The key concern of how to identify a suitable architecture for mesh-less methods which essentially require heavy workload of neighbor search and evaluation of local force fields from neighbor interactions is addressed.

Nature-inspired solutions to bluff body aerodynamic problems: A review

This review investigates the nature-inspired techniques for the optimization of the aerodynamic forces on bluff bodies. To provide a rich understanding of these nature-inspired phenomena, three distinct zones of the species fishes (nektons), birds (avians) and the fast running land animals are considered. This allows contextualizing different capabilities of the species in different environmental necessities. The review follows a trend in which drag reduction capabilities of individual parts of these species, including body shape & size, tails, fins, surface structure, wings, and wingtips, have been explored in detail. By focusing on specific parts, the review examined the methods and physics involved, which provides space to narrate the development of ideas and our current understanding of the nature-inspired drag reduction and their application to bluff body aerodynamics. Consequently, nature-inspired promising areas for future endeavor related to the bluff body has been discussed in detail. It was found that, though, aerospace field has found several bird inspired application but the bluff body flow modification have only few. Similar is the case with fishes and land animals which have not been explored yet for aerodynamic use on the bluff bodies. The crucial importance of passive devices are also highlighted along with the review of their application on the bluff bodies inspired by nature. Furthermore, several of nature-inspired techniques are proposed and compared to facilitate the research in this direction. It provides a fundamental method to develop nature-inspired flow control devices for the bluff bodies.

Animal geographies: food retailers, fast food companies and animal welfare

During the past decade, animal geographies have attracted increasing attention within the discipline. Sellick (2020), for example, traces the development of animal geographies using the example of ...

BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS OF BLACKBUCK (ANTILOPE CERVICAPRA): A REVIEW

Blackbuck is the existing members of genus Antilope which is most elegant and graceful among all Antelopes of Asia with distinct sexual dimorphism. Blackbuck show endemism in Pakistan, Nepal and India occupying mainly the semi-arid grassland areas. The name of species attributes towards the dark brownish to blackish coat color of male species. While female and the young ones are tawny or yellow. Chin undersides of legs and chest are white in both male and female individuals. Males have whorled horns with 79cm length with absence in females. The average body length of this animal is 100-150cm with the tail length of 10-17cm. The average body weight for male is 20-57kg and for female 19-33kg. Thin grassy forests, open and semi-desert areas are good habitat for it. Being diurnal and herbivorous, it acts as both grazers and browsers. It is the fastest animal with an average speed of 80km/h. It remains reproductively functional whole year. Reproductive disorders including dystocia and different infectious diseases due to ectoparasites, endoparasites, bacteria and viruses affect these species. Habitat loss, stress, illegal killing and genetic troubles cause the species to be ‘Extinct in the Wildlife’ in Pakistan so conservation strategies are underway for species protection. It is indispensable for zoologists and conservational biologists to observe the species for its conservation and confronting threats. Review article highlighted necessary information about species, which will clear the way for further research on species.

Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors

Restricted food intake, either from lack of food sources or endogenous fasting, during reproductive periods is a widespread phenomenon across the animal kingdom. Considering previous studies show the canonical upstream regulator of reproduction in vertebrates, the hypothalamic Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh), is inhibited in some fasting animals, we sought to understand the neuroendocrine control of reproduction in fasted states. Here, we explore the roles of the midbrain neuropeptide, Gnrh2, in inducing reproduction via its pituitary prevalence, gonadotropin synthesis, gametogenesis, and reproductive outputs in the zebrafish model undergoing different feeding regimes. We discovered a fasting-induced four-fold increase in length and abundance of Gnrh2 neuronal projections to the pituitary and in close proximity to gonadotropes, whereas the hypothalamic Gnrh3 neurons are reduced by six-fold in length. Subsequently, we analyzed the functional roles of Gnrh2 by comparing reproductive parameters of a Gnrh2-depleted model, gnrh2−/−, to wild-type zebrafish undergoing different feeding conditions. We found that Gnrh2 depletion in fasted states compromises spawning success, with associated decreases in gonadotropin production, oogenesis, fecundity, and male courting behavior. Gnrh2 neurons do not compensate in other circumstances by which Gnrh3 is depleted, such as in gnrh3−/− zebrafish, implying that Gnrh2 acts to induce reproduction specifically in fasted zebrafish.

Fast Adaptive Character Animation Synthesis Based on Greedy Algorithm

On the premise of ensuring the animation effect and real-time performance, it is of great significance and value for large-scale group character animation synthesis how to reduce the disaster coincidence degree among various models of fast adaptive character animation synthesis. The realization method of object-oriented finite state machine is studied in detail. Finite state machine (FSM) is an efficient behavior modeling method, which can describe the behavioral decisions of fast adaptive character animation synthesis in a complex virtual environment. Based on the implementation defects of the finite state machine in the traditional structure, using object-oriented thinking, combined with the state design mode, we further studied a finite state machine implementation method based on object-oriented technology. This achieves code reuse and simple program maintenance. The effect is extensible and effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional character animation synthesis. Secondly, the multipath matching tracking algorithm of the greedy algorithm is studied to generate multiple candidate sets through multiple paths, and finally, the candidate set with the minimum residual error is selected as the estimated support set, so as to improve the reconstruction performance. Further, based on the idea of multipath, using the regularization method of the ROMP algorithm, the regularized multipath matching tracking RMSP algorithm is proposed. It uses the regularized subset method to generate multiple paths and chooses the path with the fastest residual reduction as the support set of this iteration. The simulation results show that the RMSP algorithm has better reconstruction performance than the SP algorithm.

A GAN-based temporally stable shading model for fast animation of photorealistic hair

We introduce an unsupervised GAN-based model for shading photorealistic hair animations. Our model is much faster than previous rendering algorithms and produces fewer artifacts than other neural image translation methods. The main idea is to extend the Cycle-GAN structure to avoid semitransparent hair appearance and to exactly reproduce the interaction of the lights with the scene. We use two constraints to ensure temporal coherence and highlight stability. Our approach outperforms and is computationally more efficient than previous methods.

Fasting induces hepatic lipid accumulation by stimulating peroxisomal dicarboxylic acid oxidation

Fasting induces lipid accumulation in the liver, while the mechanisms by which fasting dysregulates liver fatty acid oxidation are not clear. Fatty acid ω-oxidation is induced in the fasting state, and administration of dicarboxylic acids to fasting animals decreases plasma ketone bodies. We hypothesized that endogenous dicarboxylic acids might play a role in controlling mitochondrial β-oxidation in fasting animals. A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist and an inhibitor for peroxisomal β-oxidation were administered to the fasting rats to investigate the role of dicarboxylic acids in liver fatty acid oxidation and lipid homeostasis. We observed that excessive β-oxidation of endogenous dicarboxylic acids by peroxisomes generated considerable levels of succinate in the liver. Excessive succinate oxidation subsequently increased the mitochondrial NADH/NAD+ ratio and led to an accumulation of 3-OH-CoA and 2-enoyl-CoA intermediates in the liver. This further induced feedback suppression of mitochondrial β-oxidation and promoted hepatic lipid deposition and steatosis. Specific inhibition of peroxisomal β-oxidation attenuated fasting-induced lipid deposition in the liver by reducing succinate production and enhancing mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. We conclude that suppression of mitochondrial β-oxidation by oxidation of dicarboxylic acids serves as a mechanism for fasting-induced hepatic lipid accumulation and identifies cross talk between peroxisomal and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.

The Effect of Lactobacillus casei on Experimental Porcine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulphate.

Gastrointestinal injury caused by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) is a reliable porcine experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN 114001 (LC) on DSS-induced experimental IBD. Eighteen female pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica, weight 33-36 kg, age 4-5 months) were divided into 3 groups (6 animals per group): controls with no treatment, DSS, and DSS + LC. LC was administered to overnight fasting animals in a dietary bolus in the morning on days 1-7 (4.5 × 1010 live bacteria/day). DSS was applied simultaneously on days 3-7 (0.25 g/kg/day). On day 8, the pigs were sacrificed. Histopathological score and length of crypts/glands (stomach, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon), length and width of villi (jejunum, ileum), and mitotic and apoptotic indices (jejunum, ileum, transverse colon) were assessed. DSS increased the length of glands in the stomach, length of crypts and villi in the jejunum and ileum, and the histopathological score of gastrointestinal damage, length of crypts and mitotic activity in the transverse colon. Other changes did not achieve any statistical significance. Administration of LC reduced the length of villi in the jejunum and ileum to control levels and decreased the length of crypts in the jejunum. Treatment with a probiotic strain of LC significantly accelerated regeneration of the small intestine in a DSS-induced experimental porcine model of IBD.

PSXI-19 Investigating the Relationship Between Temperament and Performance Traits in Feedlot Cattle

Abstract Temperament in cattle, is defined as behavioral changes in response to humans or changes in the environment, and has been associated with reduced feed efficiency, reduced growth rate, and poor feedlot health. The objective of the study was to determine if temperament affected the performance, growth and health of feedlot cattle. One-hundred and thirty-one Angus x Simmental steers from a single ranch were sampled at a commercial feedlot in Chappell, NE. Blood samples for metabolite analysis, exit velocity, and blood lactate concentration for temperament classification were collected in addition to feedlot performance data and carcass quality measurements. The GLM and LSM procedures of SAS (SAS 9.4, 2014) were used to evaluate differences between temperament classifications. Pearson correlations were calculated between temperament and performance variables. Steers were divided into three exit velocity classifications, with fast animals (n = 27) having exit velocity greater than one standard deviation from the mean and slow animals (n = 26) having exit velocities lower than one standard deviation from the mean. Feed intake and behavior was monitored for 42 days with GrowSafe feed bunks and average daily gain, dry matter intake and residual feed intake calculated. There were significant differences between the temperament classifications of fast, medium and slow for both exit velocity and blood lactate (P < 0.0001), indicating there was a difference in responses from the classifications. Exit velocity had no effect on any of the growth parameters measured. There was a significant positive correlation between exit velocity and blood lactate (P < 0.0001). RFI was significantly correlated with exit velocity (P = 0. 051) and blood lactate (P < 0.05). This suggests that animals with higher RFI or less efficient animals had more flighty temperaments as determined by blood lactate and exit velocity.

Marine Three-dimensional Simulation Animation Design Based on Computer Rapid Simulation Technology

Wang, Y., 2020. Marine three-dimensional simulation animation design based on computer rapid simulation technology. In: Li, L. and Huang, X. (eds.), Sustainable Development in Coastal Regions: A Perspective of Environment, Economy, and Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 112, pp. 386-389. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In order to realize the three-dimensional integrated visualization of marine scalar data with characteristics such as massive, multi-source, heterogeneous, multi-dimensional, multi-format, dynamic, etc., a three-dimensional virtual visualization architecture based on service ideas and oriented to general scalar data formats is designed, and ocean three-dimensional Visualized the prototype system, and explained its architecture and functional design in detail; using a visualization method based on geometric objects, combined with key technologies such as LOD dynamic scheduling, surface texture and fast query, realized the efficient and fast 3D ocean scalar field data Simulation animation visualization, element value query and time sequence analysis functions. This research can provide ideas and technical reference for the visualization and analysis of other marine environmental element data.

Evening street vending and the tragic living conditions of vendors: The case of eastern Ethiopia region

This study aims to analyze the tragic living conditions of evening street vendors and factors affecting their participation in such markets in two towns (Haramaya and Awaday) and a city (Harar) in the eastern Ethiopia region. In order to fulfill the purpose of the study, we used a cross-sectional survey data obtained from 320 sample respondents drawn from the study area using a random sampling technique. Binary logistic regression model was employed for data analyses. The descriptive statistics results show that majority of the vended commodities in the study area are food items such as fast foods, animal products, vegetables, fruits, cereals and non-food items such as school supplies, second-hand attires, electric and electronic products, and facilitation of transportation services. According to the regression results, educational level, family size, gender, and market problems are covariates that showed significant negative effects on participation in evening street vending while vending experience and community engagement positively affect participation in such markets. Though street vending is widely practiced in different parts of Africa and even beyond, practicing it in the evening is peculiar to the eastern Ethiopia region.