Abstract
Blackbuck is the existing members of genus Antilope which is most elegant and graceful among all Antelopes of Asia with distinct sexual dimorphism. Blackbuck show endemism in Pakistan, Nepal and India occupying mainly the semi-arid grassland areas. The name of species attributes towards the dark brownish to blackish coat color of male species. While female and the young ones are tawny or yellow. Chin undersides of legs and chest are white in both male and female individuals. Males have whorled horns with 79cm length with absence in females. The average body length of this animal is 100-150cm with the tail length of 10-17cm. The average body weight for male is 20-57kg and for female 19-33kg. Thin grassy forests, open and semi-desert areas are good habitat for it. Being diurnal and herbivorous, it acts as both grazers and browsers. It is the fastest animal with an average speed of 80km/h. It remains reproductively functional whole year. Reproductive disorders including dystocia and different infectious diseases due to ectoparasites, endoparasites, bacteria and viruses affect these species. Habitat loss, stress, illegal killing and genetic troubles cause the species to be ‘Extinct in the Wildlife’ in Pakistan so conservation strategies are underway for species protection. It is indispensable for zoologists and conservational biologists to observe the species for its conservation and confronting threats. Review article highlighted necessary information about species, which will clear the way for further research on species.
Highlights
Blackbuck is the single living member of genus Antilope endemic to Pakistan, Nepal and India (Long 2003) with some members present in the UAE (Mallon and Kingswood 2001)
The data obtained from the Berhampur Forest Division of Ganjam district, India showed that blackbuck population has increased from 1020 to 2325 in about three years
Comparative study of three forest division of Ganjam district revealed that the population growth of blackbuck was highest in Berhampur Forest Division, followed by North Division Gumshur which may be owing to the convenience of virtuous environment and fortification from the local people
Summary
Blackbuck is the single living member of genus Antilope endemic to Pakistan, Nepal and India (Long 2003) with some members present in the UAE (Mallon and Kingswood 2001). Rupicapra (found in Nepal and North India) (Csurhes and Fisher 2010). It is the most gracious and beautiful among all antelopes of Asia (Van der Geer 2008; Saluja et al 2012). Comparative study of three forest division of Ganjam district revealed that the population growth of blackbuck was highest in Berhampur Forest Division, followed by North Division Gumshur which may be owing to the convenience of virtuous environment and fortification from the local people. Like many other wild animals, blackbuck is a threatened species which are conserved in many Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) Conservation Areas (BCA), Khairapur, Bardiya and Shuklaphanta Wildlife Reserve (SWR), Kanchanpur district, Nepal. Another study conducted in Pakistan to find diversity analysis of Antilope cervicapra in which fecal samples were collected from different locations and territories. This review article foregrounds all the aspects of species such as economic importance, taxonomy, evolution, paleontology, morphology, social behavior, breeding, feeding and ecology All these aspects are mention briefly so it will assist in an advance research for conservation of blackbucks in the country
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