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Abstract
For a long time, in practice, and science, has been known that pH values of sperm and vagina are important for successful fertilization. In this investigation this fact was confirmed, and the goal was to investigate the role of pH values through whole reproductive tract of male and female individuals: testis, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, Cowper's gland, vesicula seminalis, prostata, corpus cavernosus, corpus spongiosus, epitel tissue of penis tube, sperm, vagina, uterus, horn of uterus, oviduct, fimbrie ovarica, ovarium, follicular fluid. Measurement was performed in reproductive active males as well as before and after ovulation in females. Porcine reproductive tracts (per 15 female and male individuals) were collected from institute's slaughterhouse, immediately post mortem dissected, homogenised and pH values were measured (according to method Rede&Rahelic (1969)). Ovarium and follicular liquid have the highest pH values (7,4) in females, but a small peak in preovulatory oviduct is also present and corresponded to pH of sperm of reproductive fully active male individuals (pH=app.7,2). After fertilization pH in surrounding of zygot (through depolarisation of its membrane) in oviduct, and zygot which then has external decreased pH value moves to less pH values regions by the same principle, that means to uterus, (pH between 7,2 (horn) and 7,07(cervix)) in postovulatory female reproductive tract, where nidation of blastocyst occurs. This investigation could help to elucidate knowledge about reproductive physiology in vivo, giving importance to role of pH values along reproductive tract of male and female individuals.
Highlights
For a long time it is known that pH values of sperm and vagina are important for successful fertilization
It is significant that pH of adult sperm corresponds to upper part of female reproductive tract, so we could suppose that, ‘’similis similae gaudet’’, oocytes and spermatozoids by iso-pH value find each others.But, this should be confirmed in following studies
Upper parts of reproductive tract of females are at declined values of pH (Fig. 1) late postovulatory that we proved in this experiment (Fig 1) and could indicate a non-atractive area for sperm moving in postovulatory female reproductive tract, especially taking into account contemporary cilliary waves to downstream of oviduct epithelium – reotaxism
Summary
For a long time it is known that pH values of sperm and vagina are important for successful fertilization. By introduction of methods for artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization in optimization of conditions for these methods, pH values of media for sustaining spermatosoids and oocytes in vitro, and capacitation of sperm had important role. These techniques had to enable conditions in vitro as much as possible like conditions during in vivo successful fertilization. In this investigation pH values of whole male and female reproductive tracts were measured directly post mortem, with goal to improve in vivo as well as in vitro fertilization in mammals. In this paper will be described the role of the pH values along reproductive tracts in pig, and some recommendations will be done according to knowledge in the field of reproduction nowadays
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