The Effect of Lactobacillus casei on Experimental Porcine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulphate.

Jan Bureš,Stanislav Rejchrt,Jaroslav Květina,Michal Pavlík,David Vysloužil,Tomáš Douda,Aleš Tichý,Jaroslav Pejchal,Darina Kohoutová,Marcela Kopáčová,Věra Radochová

doi:10.14712/18059694.2021.15

Abstract

Gastrointestinal injury caused by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) is a reliable porcine experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN 114001 (LC) on DSS-induced experimental IBD. Eighteen female pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica, weight 33-36 kg, age 4-5 months) were divided into 3 groups (6 animals per group): controls with no treatment, DSS, and DSS + LC. LC was administered to overnight fasting animals in a dietary bolus in the morning on days 1-7 (4.5 × 1010 live bacteria/day). DSS was applied simultaneously on days 3-7 (0.25 g/kg/day). On day 8, the pigs were sacrificed. Histopathological score and length of crypts/glands (stomach, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon), length and width of villi (jejunum, ileum), and mitotic and apoptotic indices (jejunum, ileum, transverse colon) were assessed. DSS increased the length of glands in the stomach, length of crypts and villi in the jejunum and ileum, and the histopathological score of gastrointestinal damage, length of crypts and mitotic activity in the transverse colon. Other changes did not achieve any statistical significance. Administration of LC reduced the length of villi in the jejunum and ileum to control levels and decreased the length of crypts in the jejunum. Treatment with a probiotic strain of LC significantly accelerated regeneration of the small intestine in a DSS-induced experimental porcine model of IBD.

Highlights

Gastrointestinal injury caused by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) is a reliable porcine experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
According to Magro et al, after achieving remission in chronic pouchitis by treatment, VSL#3 can maintain the remission [12]. Another probiotic strain that was found possibly beneficial to maintain the remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) is Escherichia coli Nissle
We studied the effect of probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle on bacteriocin production and indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal injury in experimental pigs [28, 29]

Summary

Introduction

Gastrointestinal injury caused by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) is a reliable porcine experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aetiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprise genetic susceptibility, various environmental factors (including infectious agents and xenobiotics), and abnormal immune response to intestinal microbiota [1]. Both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are associated with a reduced microbial diversity [2]. According to Magro et al, after achieving remission in chronic pouchitis by treatment, VSL#3 can maintain the remission [12] Another probiotic strain that was found possibly beneficial to maintain the remission in UC is Escherichia coli Nissle. Further studies are indispensable so that conclusive inference on the efficacy of probiotics in UC and CD can be made [4]

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