Modern Russian Education Research Articles

Inconsistency in Information Resources of Modern Education

The article investigates the problem of the ambiguous influence of modern information technologies on education. The authors analyse not only the positive effects of computerisation. They also identify the problems faced by the subjects of the educational process under the influence of digitalisa-tion. As outlined in the article, uncontrolled information flows prevent stu-dents from forming the holistic worldview. The dominance of information technologies in education also leads to the transformation of subject-object relations in the process of cognition. The teacher, whose role is changed sig-nificantly, acts more frequently as a coordinator. The usage of gadgets in the educational process provides an opportunity to receive an education at a dis-tance. However, the widespread use of distance learning technologies leads to a decline in the quality of educational services. This resulted from the need to develop new methods. In addition, the constant updating of infor-mation technologies does not allow the teacher to develop a sustainable methodology for teaching their subject. The authors prove that the active use of digital technologies in the information society implies the harmonious combination of traditional and modern information technologies. This fully applies to the modern Russian education system, which is in an intermediate state between traditional pedagogical methods and modern computer tech-nologies. As the authors point out, the problem is to find the optimal educa-tional option for the formation of a harmonious global-regional educational system. It should not only include all the advantages of the latest information technologies, but also preserve all the positive achievements of great practi-tioner-teachers and scientists.

Humanitarian Education in Modern Russia: Problems and Ways to Overcome Them

The article deals with problematic situations in the field of higher humanitarian education, which reduce the quality of training of specialists. We paid primary attention to the leading Russian universities of the financial and economic profile. We based our research on Internet resources and media materials. We have shown that the problems in the field of higher education in the humanities are diverse, complex, associated with social preferences, the current situation in the country and the general vector of state policy. Based on the analysis, we proposed possible ways of overcoming the identified problems. To improve higher education in the humanities, the psychology of the participants in the educational process should constantly be at the centre of the attention of researchers. Also, training and team project work should become an obligatory element of the educational process.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ НРАВСТВЕННОГО СОЗНАНИЯ МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ НА ОСНОВЕ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТНОГО ПОДХОДА

The article examines some aspects of the formation of the moral consciousness of modern schoolchildren on the basis of one of the leading methodological principles - the competence-based approach.
 Large-scale changes taking place in various spheres of society, new social and economic reality, developing market relations, digitalization, modernization of Russian education require a revision of the strategy and tactics of educating the younger generation in terms of solving the problems of forming high moral qualities of the personality of students, including primary school age. But is a modern teacher competent enough to successfully cope with the multitasking of real pedagogical reality, including the moral education of schoolchildren?
 The study of the problem under consideration in theory and in practice shows that moral education is significant, first of all, because it permeates all aspects of education: mental, aesthetic, physical, labor, environmental, etc. Hence, its backbone nature is obvious. Any human action presupposes a moral aspect, including the regulatory function of morality.
 All of the above served as the basis for choosing the topic of the article. According to the authors, the results and conclusion of this article can, to a certain extent, actualize the problem of the formation of the moral consciousness of primary schoolchildren from the standpoint of the competence-based approach and outline ways to solve it.

Modernization of Russian education as a consequence of integration processes in the eurasian socio-cultural space

Modernization of Russian education as a consequence of integration processes in the eurasian socio-cultural space

On the issue of the public administration model for education in modern Russia

On the issue of the public administration model for education in modern Russia

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ УРОВНЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОТРЕБНОСТИ К САМООБРАЗОВАНИЮ У БУДУЩИХ СОТРУДНИКОВ ФСИН

The concept of lifelong education in modern Russia is focused on significant expansion of the entire educational space, where the issues of self-education and self-development of the individual are paramount. The problem of developing the skills of student’s self-education in departmental organizations of higher education for the formation of a stable highly professional staff of the penal system is especially urgent, since self-education allows them to ensure the conscious development of professionally important personality traits. The aim of the study was to study the level of need for self-education among future employees in a departmental university. The tasks of the experimental work is diagnostics of the process of self-education of students and the study of ways and means of organizing the process of self-education in a departmental university. The study was based on the Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia”. The study involved 10, 3-year students of the Faculty of Psychology; was used the questionnaire “The need for self-education” (by S. V. Yudakova), consisting of three parts: 1) it allows you to identify the ability of students to develop; 2) is aimed at identifying factors that stimulate and hinder the self-education of the subjects; 3) allows to identify the degree of proficiency in the skills of independent work by future specialists. The results of the survey revealed the following: 20 % of students scored more than 55 points and have a high desire and motivation for self-education. Most of the subjects – 50 % – scored from 36 to 54 points and showed an average level of desire for self-education. Three respondents – 30 % of students have a low level of development of the need for self-education. Thus, the results obtained made it possible to reveal that future employees of the penitentiary system have, predominantly, an average and low level of development of the need for self-education. Consequently, it is expedient to work on organizing the process of developing the need for self-development and self-education skills of students in a departmental educational organization of higher education.

Development of specialized education in modern Russia

Development of specialized education in modern Russia

FORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE AND SOCIAL AND CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MULTILINGUALISM (THE CASE OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC)

In modern Russian education the issues of forming a personality capable of being tolerant, ready for a dialogue of cultures, mastering the ways of the intercultural communication in the global information multicultural space are actively discussed. The relevance of studying on a multilingual basis is determined both by the global integration processes in different spheres of an individual's life, and by the need to preserve national languages and cultures. A multilingual educational and developmental environment is an important condition for the development of communicative skills and cognitive abilities in children. The purpose of the research is to analyze the formation of communicative and social and cultural competence among pupils in the context of the introduction of a multilingual model of multicultural education in preschool educational institutions. The working group of the BSPU named after M. Akmulla developed diagnostic materials that test the skills of speaking, listening, vocabulary in native and foreign languages, knowledge of national traditions and realities. Preschoolers of multilingual groups of the Chuvash Republic took part in the diagnostic study. The analysis of the results of the level of formation of communicative and socio-cultural competencies allowed us to conclude that children have sufficient knowledge of lexical units on the topic "My family", "Account", "Animals", are able to answer questions both in Chuvash and in English. It should be noted that the level of formation of communicative and social and cultural competencies of preschoolers depends on the creation of an appropriate developing multilingual environment in a preschool institution. The introduction of multilingual educational trajectories of learning allows students to form a civic identity, promotes the development of a tolerant attitude to linguistic and cultural diversity.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ ИНКЛЮЗИВНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ У СОТРУДНИКОВ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ СЕЛЬСКОЙ МЕСТНОСТИ

This article is devoted to disclose one of the key tasks of modern Russian education — the creation of conditions for accessibility of education for persons with disabilities (hereinafter HIA) and permanent disablement. The subject of experimental study was the system of secondary vocational education, in the context of ensuring the availability of training programs for mid-level specialists, skilled workers and employees for applicants with disabilities and HIA. The basis for ensuring accessibility, according to the author, is undoubtedly the readiness of administrative and managerial personnel and teaching staff as a whole to implement inclusive secondary vocational education. The author considers in detail the issues of determining and developing special (personnel, program-methodical, material-technical, organizational) conditions in educational organizations of secondary vocational education. The results of a monitoring study of the state of employees’ readiness in technical schools and colleges for inclusive education are presented. The methods used in the monitoring process were: questionnaires, questionnaires for heads of educational organizations, support specialists, teachers, production masters and parents of students with disabilities. According to the results of the study, personnel shortages were identified and the directions of development of the personnel in colleges and technical schools on the organization and implementation of inclusive education were described. One of the issues under consideration is the organization and implementation of training of defectological personnel for special and inclusive education in conditions of professional educational organizations (colleges, universities). And also the issue of the use of human resources within the framework of networking of educational organizations, including those implementing training programs for mid-level specialists, skilled workers and employees.

On the Role of Modern Text Technologies in the Educational Process

The decline in the literacy rate of school and university graduates is one of the most serious problems of modern Russian education. The purpose of the article is to study the conditions and causes that give rise to this problem. The object of the description is digital technologies that affect the formation of basic communicative competencies of students. With the help of linguistic analysis and comparison of the textual product of technologies with classical texts, the authors investigate the influence of some technologies on language and communicative competencies.

Глобальные вызовы России и некоторые проблемы системы отечественного высшего образования

Introduction. Russia is currently facing a num- ber of global challenges and threats comparable only to those it faced before the Great Patriotic War. The education system of any country is an indicator of the intellectual capabilities on which its future depends. The article analyzes the state of modern Russian education that has emerged after a number of reforms, its ability to provide adequate responses to modern challenges and threats. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current global challenges and threats to Russia, to consider the features of the existing education system in the country, to show its capabilities to ensure a scien- tific and technological breakthrough, to effectively block existential threats. Methods. Materialistic (the principle of objectivity), dialectical (the principle of development and universal connection), systemic. Scientific novelty. The authors specify the essence of the turning point in the modern history of man- kind, carry out an objective analysis of the state of Russian education, the nature and consequences of the reforms, its possibilities of blocking existing challenges and threats is given. Results. The authors show that at the present stage of Russian history, the role of youth in determining the fate of the country is significantly increasing. The key to the ability of young peo- ple to fulfill this historic mission is the education system. It allows us to preserve historical tradi- tions, national identity, and it is a factor of scientific and technological breakthroughs of society. It is revealed that the reforms in the education system were not focused on preserving historical traditions and the national code of the country. Borrowed educational technologies have led to a significant decrease in the quality of Russian education. As a result of the reforms carried out, the country has lost significant development potential. Conclusions. The reforms in the education sys- tem, as they were carried out, turned out to be counterproductive and did not meet the national interests of the country. Currently, in the condi- tions of existential threats for Russia, there is an urgent need to change the ideology and technology of managing the education system; it is necessary to leave the Bologna system and return to the ele- ments of classical European and national education that have proven their effectiveness. If a country needs a scientific and technological breakthrough, the financing of its education and science cannot be less than those countries that Russia intends to catch up with. To do this, it is necessary to radically change both the volumes and the mechanisms of financing education and science. It is necessary to revise article 13, paragraph 2 of Russia’s Constitu- tion. The state ideology concentrates on expressing the national interests of the country and ultimately determines the goals and objectives of the existing system of education and upbringing. The absence of a state ideology contributes to the desovereigni- zation and desubjectivization of Russian society.

Political Participation and Request for Change: The Role of Education

The article tests the hypothesis, based on the concept of post-industrial society that people with higher education will be more politically active, especially in the manifestation of the demand for change. For this purpose, the materials of the All-Russian poll, organized in March 2021 by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, are used to analyze the sociopolitical characteristics associated with political activism and the formation of a demand for change among different educational groups of Russians. The conclusion is made that, first, education in modern Russia does directly affect an individual's preparedness for political action: more educated Russians are more interested in the political life of the country and are more aware of their ability to influence the "rules of the game". Second, education does directly affect actual involvement in social and political activism. However, concerning conscious political participation, this effect relates not so much to everyday, regular, as to its extreme protest forms. Third, the education of Russians has no discernible correlation with the presence/absence of a liberal demand for change. In terms of meeting the minimum requirements for political participation, Russian educational groups currently correspond to the Western political science mainstream theory and the practices of developed countries. Nevertheless, the highlighted features of the political characteristics of Russians with higher and post-higher education (not all of the examined indicators are stable in dynamics, not all differences between educational groups are clearly expressed, and, in general, the participation of highly educated Russians in the political life of the country is rather formal) lead to the need for a more careful study of the findings not only of the Western scientific mainstream but also of alternative concepts of Third World researchers. In addition, it has been suggested that the emancipation of a group of highly educated Russians from the state is incomplete. Consequently, they are aware of their objectively central place and leading role in political life.

Факторы, влияющие на конкурентоспособность образовательной организации

The presented material discusses the issues of competitiveness in education, the competitiveness of an educational organization, its components. Currently, one of the topical issues is the question of the competitiveness of modern Russian education. Also, the topic of the development of competition in Russian education is constantly discussed by the world community. In discourses about the competitiveness of an educational organization in the modern educational market, such a problem as identifying/determining the factors of its increase is brought to the fore. According to various studies, the competitiveness of an educational organization is influenced by a variety of external and internal factors. In this regard, the main attention is paid to the identification of factors that ensure the competitiveness of Russian educational organizations in the educational services market. Now there is an increase in the competitiveness of Russian higher education in the international market, and therefore the competitiveness of education is considered on a global scale as the ability of the national education system to compete in the global scientific and educational market. It is worth noting that competitiveness is rightfully recognized as a complex concept, the meanings of which are considered in the broad and narrow senses of the word. When studying various aspects of the competitiveness of an educational organization, it is proposed to focus on the general definition of the concept of “competitiveness”, set out in the article. The competitiveness of an educational organization (like any other organization) is determined by the competitiveness of its personnel, and the competitiveness of personnel largely depends on the motivation of personnel to work, therefore, the article focuses on the factors that affect the competitiveness of an educational organization as a whole and in particular on the motivation of one of the categories of the main personnel of an educational organization (teaching staff) as a factor of increasing the competitiveness of an educational organization. The results of the research described in the article allow us to conclude that the constant study/monitoring of factors affecting the competitiveness of an educational organization is an important component of improving its competitiveness, which determines the need for further research and development in this area.

PRACTICE AS RESEARCH: CREATIVE AND RESEARCH. PRACTICE IN THE FORMAT OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION

The authors of the article focus on the discussion format of practical research. In recent years, practice as research has become a direction of research activity in foreign universities and an object of close attention from the Russian academic community. Representatives of various disciplines in art and the humanities convincingly argue the need for such a format of creative practice in performance, theatre, dance and contemporary art. Practice as research includes different forms and ways of representing applied and project art products. Today, a practising researcher causes controversy and discussion since the model of creative practice as a method of studying art is an innovative educational format. Also, the parameters of evaluating practical research, the relationship between theoretical, purely research, and creative material cause significant difficulties. The methodology based on practice and the parameters of the assessment of practice as research give rise to a lively discussion. The situation in arts and humanities teaching is complicated because practice-related research has been labelled as field research and practice-based experimentation in medicine, design and engineering for a long time. Artistic practice in contemporary art and design has recently become the object of close attention at the Graduate School of Art and Design at the Higher School of Economics since, today, the practical focus of visual research is the main direction in educational bachelor and master’s programs. A new understanding of art as a practice and, at the same time, research can shed light on many topics, including cultural anthropology, psychology, sociology, etc. That is why we defend the idea of the interdisciplinarity of such studies in our article. Artistic practice as a field of academic research and new experience in postgraduate education is at the centre of our study. We strive to generalise the experience of European educational programs, expand the range of methodological approaches and present the author’s concept. Practice and research have long been inseparable in many humanities; project workshops and representation of creative artifacts are at the heart of contemporary art and design education. Modern Russian education is just beginning to explore new territory. In this sense, our collaborative research of an innovative format is designed to analyse foreign experiences and formulate the need to promote new educational technologies within the framework of graduate school. The habitus of practice as research is such that research based on practice raises the question of the forms of critical activity and content parameters of a creative artifact and documenting research materials. The posed research problem in combination with practice demonstrates the originality of research. It expands the boundaries of the research field by introducing a hybrid methodology for evaluating a creative project and critical discourse. The task of the authors of the article is to identify a debatable problem field, analyse analytical data related to the innovative scientific field and present essential strata of the new educational format, Practice as Research.

Higher Education in Modern Russia: Bureau, Market, Expert Community

Higher Education in Modern Russia: Bureau, Market, Expert Community

SYSTEMITY AND SITUATIONALITY vs TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN EDUCATION

Modern Russian (and worldwide) education is hostage to the controversial situation associated with the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which invariably entails a reorientation of traditional methods of education. At present, higher education and the entire world education system are painfully looking for new ways and guidelines for their development. Education paradigms that were formed in the preceding historical time and effectively served the needs of this time are not relevant in the conditions of modern sociocultural realities, therefore the problem of teaching is faced with the need to develop new paradigms of one's own existence. Distance learning technologies challenge us to keep up with the times, be progressive and increasingly use high-tech products. At the same time, there is a danger that the world is becoming increasingly virtualized. The “sense of the edge” disappears, the world is mythologized. The article analyzes the existing systemity of Russian education and the need for its transformation in the light of new realities.

Bologna process as a factor of integration of educational systems of Russia and the west

The purpose of the research is to identify the patterns of development of educational systems of Russia and the West with emphasis on the features of the introduction of the Bologna process into the Russian higher education system. In the process of research, methods of comparative analysis, cyclicity, intersectoral synthesis, theoretical and legal modeling, historical and legal reconstruction, as well as other methods of scientific knowledge were used. The concept of the cycle of social history in relation to the genesis of the State and law in general and in relation to the concept of educational law in particular is justified. The conceptual difference between the educational systems of Russia and the West in terms of the mechanism of their formation and the goals of functioning is shown. The intra-systemic conflict of the system of modern Russian education is proved, combining Soviet (specialty, graduate school) and Bologna (undergraduate, master's degree) components.

Constitutional Counteraction to Threats that Arise in the Process of Introducing Digital Technologies into the Sphere of Education in Russia

The article notes that the destructive efforts of the anti-Russian forces are primarily aimed at the education sector. One of the important reasons for such aggression is some aspects of the introduction of digital technologies. The author reveals the goals, which some reformers of Russian education are moving towards. The anti-popular forces in the young USSR were striving for similar goals, which were clearly seen from the documents of those years. On the basis of those documents, it is possible to understand the essence of the destructive processes taking place in modern Russia, and to outline the ways to combat the current situation. This article highlights several threats that arise in the process of the uncontrolled introduction of digital technologies into modern Russian education. The central idea of the article is that the Russian Constitution contains provisions to counteract these threats. Such norms were updated and strengthened many times as a result of the 2020 constitutional reform.

Состояние политического образования в современной России: проблемы и пути их решения

Рассмотрены состояние политического образования в современной России, его задачи и виды. Обозначены сложившиеся научные взгляды в понимании политического образования, приведены исследования ученых, дискутирующих на актуальные темы политического образования. Аргументирована позиция, раскрывающая значимость рассмотрения в школьном курсе «Обществознание» и вузовском курсе «Политология» проблемных аспектов в сфере политики и ее влияния на общественное развитие. Обосновано, что данные курсы должны находить адекватное отражение в учебном процессе образовательных учреждений. Предпринята попытка выявить и проанализировать проблемы, возникшие в российском политическом образовании в средних и высших образовательных учреждениях. Намечены пути решения выявленных проблем в целях повышения эффективности и качества политического образования на современном этапе развития. Приведен опыт авторов в поиске новых форм и методов преподавания политологии в высших учебных заведениях.

Тьюторское сопровождение семьи, воспитывающей ребенка с ОВЗ (на примере детей с нарушенным слухом)

In the modern Russian education system, there are a number of discrepancies, when at the legislative level the rights of a child with disabilities to study in the environment of normatively developing peers are recognized, but at the educational level the educational process remains unchanged, and therefore the professional activity of teachers requires deep rethinking. At the center of this discrepancy is the family of a child with disabilities, which is disoriented in the social situation, moral categories and personal values. One of the most effective ways to overcome social maladjustment of a family raising a child with disabilities, from the author’s point of view, can be tutoring, the purpose of which is to increase the rehabilitation competence of parents (legal representatives) in raising “special” children. The article reveals the difficulties faced by the family of a child with disabilities, mastering inclusive education, highlights the features of accompanying a family raising a child with auditory deprivation, using the example of the work of S. L. Rudnitsky Saratov Center for Hearing and Speech. The author considers this center, which accepts children from an early age, as an organization of additional education and a special resource for helping the family. The article presents the results of a study of parental competence about children with hearing impairments. Research by specialists from S. L. Rudnitsky Saratov Center for Hearing and Speech confirms the fact that parents raising “special” children need special knowledge for effective educational impact on the child.