Глобальные вызовы России и некоторые проблемы системы отечественного высшего образования

Abstract

Introduction. Russia is currently facing a num- ber of global challenges and threats comparable only to those it faced before the Great Patriotic War. The education system of any country is an indicator of the intellectual capabilities on which its future depends. The article analyzes the state of modern Russian education that has emerged after a number of reforms, its ability to provide adequate responses to modern challenges and threats. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current global challenges and threats to Russia, to consider the features of the existing education system in the country, to show its capabilities to ensure a scien- tific and technological breakthrough, to effectively block existential threats. Methods. Materialistic (the principle of objectivity), dialectical (the principle of development and universal connection), systemic. Scientific novelty. The authors specify the essence of the turning point in the modern history of man- kind, carry out an objective analysis of the state of Russian education, the nature and consequences of the reforms, its possibilities of blocking existing challenges and threats is given. Results. The authors show that at the present stage of Russian history, the role of youth in determining the fate of the country is significantly increasing. The key to the ability of young peo- ple to fulfill this historic mission is the education system. It allows us to preserve historical tradi- tions, national identity, and it is a factor of scientific and technological breakthroughs of society. It is revealed that the reforms in the education system were not focused on preserving historical traditions and the national code of the country. Borrowed educational technologies have led to a significant decrease in the quality of Russian education. As a result of the reforms carried out, the country has lost significant development potential. Conclusions. The reforms in the education sys- tem, as they were carried out, turned out to be counterproductive and did not meet the national interests of the country. Currently, in the condi- tions of existential threats for Russia, there is an urgent need to change the ideology and technology of managing the education system; it is necessary to leave the Bologna system and return to the ele- ments of classical European and national education that have proven their effectiveness. If a country needs a scientific and technological breakthrough, the financing of its education and science cannot be less than those countries that Russia intends to catch up with. To do this, it is necessary to radically change both the volumes and the mechanisms of financing education and science. It is necessary to revise article 13, paragraph 2 of Russia’s Constitu- tion. The state ideology concentrates on expressing the national interests of the country and ultimately determines the goals and objectives of the existing system of education and upbringing. The absence of a state ideology contributes to the desovereigni- zation and desubjectivization of Russian society.