Decent Life Research Articles

«Культурно-просвітній кружок» у таборі інтернованих вояків Уга Йозефов, ЧСР (1921–1922 рр.): організаційно-освітній напрям діяльності

The article discusses the organizational and educational activities of the «Cultural and Educational Section» in the Jozefov camp (Czechoslovakia), and especially its teachers’ unit. Thanks to the efforts of its members, the work of several educational centers (literacy schools, gymnasiums, and seminaries) was organized, and the teaching of educational courses aimed at different groups of internees was started. The main task of all educational courses was the preparation of the internees for their future life activities in civilian conditions – after the liquidation of the Jozefov camp. The campers without complete secondary education got the opportunity to attend educational courses, and after graduation (provided they successfully pass the final exams) they could apply for admission to high schools in Czechoslovakia. At the same time, in addition to secondary school courses, the members of the teachers’ unit conducted a range of general educational and special lectures, which were attended by hundreds of interned Ukrainian soldiers. The internees had a lot of opportunities to organize their self-education, including the using of the camp library. The intensity of the turnover of books borrowed by the internees testified to their knowing of the impermanence of their stay in the camp and the need to acquire additional knowledge. With a view to facilitate access to books for certain groups of internees, some groups (such as the Subaltern’s section or the Lawyer’s section) founded and maintained their own libraries, which were intended exclusively for the needs of their members. The education and self-education became a consolidating factor for camp residents and a kind of «tool» that allowed them to overcome all the disadvantages of camp existence. At the same time, the internees, by acquiring knowledge in its various fields, received a lot of opportunities for adaptation to the new life’s conditions in Czechoslovakia. The acquisition of high school education by the former internees (after they left the camp) allowed them to successfully integrate into the Czechoslovak society at that time and provide themselves with a decent life and living conditions.

Discourses on Universal Basic Income: An Alternative Model of Idea of Justice

Discourses on Universal Basic Income, or UBI, are current political concerns that aim to provide all members of a political community with a fixed amount of money each month, with no conditions attached, in order to enable them to live good, dignified, and secure lives. UBI has strong connections with theories of justice. Having strong opposition, it is being more or less experimented with and piloted in most of the countries of the world. This paper tries to explore the arguments regarding how the UBI could be instrumental in realizing the major objectives of theories of justice. Among two dimensions of justice, reformative theory of justice connects to the legal aspect while the distributive theory of justice connects to the notion of social justice. Distributive justice believes that all the available means of livelihood and fruits of economic growth must be available to all human beings so that they could live a decent life and would not be forced to work without their wishes. Today's world is a world of automation and digitalization. Digitalization of the world economy resulted in massive joblessness, loss of social safety nets and wealth concentration in a small number of private players or MNCs. The Global Crisis of the Covid-19 pandemic has further multiplied the very adversity. In such a global scenario, the present study, by contemplating discourses on UBI and citing the case of Indian UBI, tries to see UBI as an alternative model of justice and put forward the argument that if UBI is implemented properly and universally, it will not only result in a conceptual shift in the political theory of justice, liberty, democracy and relative equality and others but also lead to the attainment of human emancipation which is the primary concern of political and social theorists.

Ուսուցչի աշխատավարձ. արդյո՞ք այն արտացոլում է ուսուցչի աշխատանքի կարևորությունը / Teacher's Salary: Does It Reflect the Importance of the Teachers’ Work?

Salary is only one of many factors that affect teachers’ motivation, but it is the most important factor in attracting the best candidates and keeping the best teachers in the system. Low salaries make it difficult to attract new teachers and retain those already in the profession. In addition, the teacher's salary is strongly correlated with the pupils’ performance. In the paper, the teacher's salary in different countries and its ratio with the minimum salary and the minimum expenditure basket were studied, and comparisons were made with the RA. Unlike many other countries, where the salary of a teacher is low compared to salaries of other sectors, but still allows living a decent life, in the case of Armenia, this problem is more acute to the extent that it is not only low compared to other sectors, but also very often the teacher's salary does not give a chance to live a decent life. Therefore, it is proposed to raise teachers' statutory salaries in order to attract more capable people, to improve pupils' performance.

REGULAR SOCIAL GATHERING AS A STRATEGY FOR MILLENNIAL FISHERMEN TO OVERCOME POVERTY IN BLIMBING VILLAGE, LAMONGAN REGENCY

This study was conducted in Blimbing Village, Lamongan Regency. This study takes the topic of regular social gatherings as a strategy for millennial fishermen to overcome poverty. Most fishermen of Blimbing village are on the poverty line, although there are also fishermen who live a decent life. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to look deeply and personally at the conditions of poverty experienced by the community. The data sources from this study are primary and secondary data. The primary data is obtained through observation and interviews. On the other hand, secondary data is obtained from documentation, photos, and sources related to the study topic. Determination of informants uses purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. While data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that regular social gatherings can be interpreted as saving activities for a certain and tentative period of time. Regular social gatherings can also be interpreted as a social insurance activity to bail out fees for checks, sickness, or as a donation for death. Regular social gathering is also used as an infestation. When viewed from the motives of its members, it is to avoid shortages of tools for going to sea. In fact, regular social gathering is a medium to strengthen community solidarity.

Универсальность права как основа консенсуса государства и граждан в контексте правового регулирования и юридического прогнозирования

The article explores the basis of the relationship between the state and the individual in the relationship between legal regulation and legal anticipation. The legitimacy of legal regulation depends on the extent to which it corresponds to citizens' perceptions of law and, at the same time, the extent to which it protects national security. The universality of law, outlined in the article, makes it possible to eliminate the contradictions between the statism of positivism and the metaphysics of libertarian-legal theory. The universality of law makes it possible to integrate in the legal system the essence of the positivist doctrine and the properity of the libertarian-legal concept with a constructive outlet for the final rational that captures the infinite dialectical movement of legal matter. The positivist due reflects the formalised significance of the normative establishment and anticipates its realisation. Libertarian-legal proper predicts the optimal, reproducing the true essence of the norm. The rational transforms equality in ought (formal equality) into equality in being (actual equality), confirming the universality of law as an index of the circulation of legal matter from predetermined normativity (proper) to optimality (proper) and the final subject-practical expedient (rational). The methodology of the universality of law determines the existence in the legal system of obligatory and sufficient characteristics for the effective action of state and public institutions towards the protection of the constitutional order and respect for human rights, namely: a) The protection of national security and public safety; b) the retention of public power within the Hegelian "boundaries of order" - limiting its intrusion into the private sphere; c) the existence of inalienable rights and freedoms and guarantees for their realisation; d) the continuous modernisation of all parts of the legal system according to evolving political, socio-economic and spiritual-moral conditions. In this way, the interplay of national security and the directed development of the institutions of a free society is guaranteed, reflecting the coordinated mutual responsibility of public authorities and citizens. The concept of universality of law develops a polemic about the synthesis of positivist and libertarian-legal types of legal understanding with the predominant importance of the social vector of law as an intrinsic property of universality that contributes to the firm foundation of the rule of law and social state - human rights and freedoms and conditions of free development and dignified life. Normative legal acts pass through people's consciousness in one way or another and are legitimised depending on the correspondence, on the one hand, to the state's tasks of protecting national security and, on the other hand, to citizens' hopes for a decent life based on the universality of law as a guarantee of their communication and mutual self-restraint

Science Cities of the Russian Federation in the Mechanism of Implementation of the National Scientific and Technological Policy: Constitutional and Legal Aspects

Scientific and technological development is an absolute priority, and its tasks, having a socially oriented nature, should be solved in a systemic relationship with the implementation of socioeconomic and spatial-territorial development. The urgent need is the concentration and mobilization of forces and means and the most productive use of the scientific and technical potential of the country and the scheme of its territorial location for the integration of fundamental research, applied science and production. Territories with a high concentration of scientific and technical potential should serve as the basis for a decent life and development of both the population living on them and the entire people. The purpose of the study is a theoretical understanding and analysis from the constitutional and legal positions of the problems of determining the legal status of science cities as a special, special form of organization of scientific and technological development on the basis of separate publicterritorial entities. The objectives of the study are to assess the adequacy (effectiveness) of this legal status in relation to the goals and objectives facing science cities in the system of state scientific and technical policy, and to determine the directions of its improvement. The research methodology is based on general scientific and special sectoral techniques and means of cognition that are in demand in jurisprudence. The results of the study. The municipal-legal model of science cities, based on the status of an urban district with the introduction of specifics related to some features of the implementation of local selfgovernment, does not fully meet the nature of the tasks of scientific and technological development solved through science cities. The purpose of local self-government is to directly organize the life activities of the population living in the relevant territory, in connection with which municipal institutions should contribute to scientific and technological development in a social aspect, but cannot cover the relevant national strategic objectives. The management mechanisms of science cities should ensure the coordinated development of these territories within the framework of a unified state scientific and technical policy based on scientific and state management of the development of such territories.

ГУМАНІТАРНА ПОЛІТИКА УКРАЇНИ ЯК СТРИМУЮЧИЙ ФАКТОР ГІБРИДНОЇ АГРЕСІЇ РФ

The article attempts a political science analysis of the features of humanitarian policy as a direction of state policy, the specifics of the implementation of international humanitarian policy, as well as the correlation of national sustainability and humanitarian policy of the state. It was found that humanitarian policy is based on the recognition of inalienable human rights, including the right to a decent life for everyone, regardless of national, racial, religious, age, gender, individual or social characteristics. The humanitarian sphere unites the following policies: cultural, religious, science policy, educational policy, health care and policy in the field of tourism, sports and physical culture. One of the most effective tools for coordinating the above policies may be the state’s strategic communications system. It has proven that state humanitarian policy personifies a social phenomenon and is always associated with the specifics of civil society. The main goal of Ukraine’s modern humanitarian policy is to maximize the potential of every person and create decent conditions for the realization of all his intellectual and creative potential. Ukraine’s humanitarian policy plays an important role in strengthening the national identity and resistance of society and is a deterrent in the context of hybrid aggression from the Russian Federation.

A HEALTHY SOCIETY: SOCIAL CHALLENGES OF DIGITALIZATION AND THE WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM (THE UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE).

The aim: The article examines the peculiarities of the Ukrainian state policy in the field of digitalization, reveals the social challenges caused by this phenom¬enon, and outlines the ways to overcome them. Materials and Methods: The data collection was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar databases. Research papers were identified according to the search terms: "digitalization", "digital transformations", "Internet", "digital services", "smart city", "smart urbanization", "inclusion", "social exclusion", "community mental health", "volunteering", "social partnership". The authors analyzed international and domestic official strategies, programs, and messages along with statistical data and social surveys conducted by foreign and Ukrainian institutions, public organizations, and analytical centers. The authors used the interdisciplinary approach along with the principles of objectivity, tolerance, and impartiality, and general scientific methods, such as induction, deduction, generalization, etc. Conclusion: The rapid spread of digital technologies is associated with the growth of social cohesion, inclusion, solidarity, and the development of a healthy harmonious society that will provide all the conditions for a decent life for a human being and the comprehensive development of his/her abilities and talents. These hopes are not groundless, because digitalization is accompanied by a number of structural shifts in economics and public administration, which contribute to overcoming subjectivity in making management decisions and increasing the level of "intellectualization" of the environment. In addition, digitalization is becoming a significant driver of the sustainable growth in labor productivity, employment levels, personal and social well-being; and the spread of digital technologies provides an opportunity to overcome various social challenges. As the Ukrainian experience reveals, despite a number of positive shifts, digitalization can also give rise to destructive social trends, among which the digital gaps caused by the uneven access to digital technologies and services occupy a special place. People in the city outskirts, small towns, and especially in the remote rural areas often have extremely limited access to the Internet that significantly reduces their social opportunities. These problems became more acute after the full-scale invasion of the russian federation into Ukraine. The occupation of the part of Ukraine, hostilities, and missile attacks damaged the energy sector blocking telecommunication networks, which led to the social exclusion of a significant part of the population in some Ukrainian regions. The harsh living conditions during the war, the social exclusion as a result of the occupation, as well as the destruction of energy infrastructure and civilian objects fueled the activities of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine. The proposed services and transformations provided social opportunities for a part of the population, while remaining unable to overcome social exclusion generated by the digital, social, or other gap. Volunteers and social activists usually help to bridge the gap and maintain mental health of the community, which has been suffering from the horrors of the war for more than a year. Their activities and public position lay the ground for the establishment of social partnership aimed at the harmonious development of every individual and the community as a whole.

Dean Martin: King of Cool“Sammy and Dino,” You Must Remember This

Dean Martin: King of Cool“Sammy and Dino,” <i>You Must Remember This</i>

PREPARING STUDENTS FOR RESEARCH WORK IN PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

The main form of education at the present stage is the formation of the younger generation not only of skills, but also of rapidly changing personal qualities today, capable of a decent life and activity, capable of independently searching, analyzing, and rationally using information. Scientific research-acquaintance with objects intended for a systematic and special purpose, ending with the formation of new knowledge about a particular object using scientific methods and techniques. At its core, the most difficult type of human activity is the cognitive activity of a scientist. Cognitive activity can be in the direction of recall (reproductive) and change (creative) for the student. The student's changing cognitive activity is carried out through an approach called research. Children with high intellectual and creative abilities should have the opportunity to learn on their own. That is, such training is determined by the student himself, directed by him, carried out by him. The need to use the research method in teaching students is explained by the high level of their natural curiosity, the priority of their passion for their environment. The student's own research activity contributes to the satisfaction of his own demand. As students get acquainted with the environment, with the help of independent research activities, they discover new knowledge not in a ready-made form, but in search of it.

АНАЛИЗ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ ИМПОРТА НЕОЛИБЕРАЛИЗМА ДЛЯ ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИИ

Topic. The civilizational security of Russia in the context of an increasing threat from imported ideas, institutions and scientific and practical patterns of neoliberal political economy. Target. To characterize the negative consequences of neoliberal forms for the modern domestic society and its economy, as well as to identify the mechanism and forms of influence of monetary and market political economic simulacra on the civilizational security of our country. Methods. Qualitative analysis was used to concretize interpretations of the essence and characteristics of key concepts, as well as an interdisciplinary and structural-contour approach to identifying the socio-cultural and socio-economic consequences of implanting neoliberal forms on the Russian political economic “ground”. The creative potential of cause-and-effect relationships and relationships is applied in the process of studying the mechanism of influence of political economic simulacra on civilizational security. Results. The essence of civilizational security, as well as other key concepts related to its provision, is determined. The failures of neoliberalism as a source of political economic and socio-cultural simulacra are revealed, while justifying the need for dialectical “removal” rather than mechanical denial of its provisions. The general mechanism of the influence of imported neoliberal political economic simulacra on civilizational security is shown. A model of contour analysis of socio-cultural and political economic consequences of neoliberalism for our country is proposed. The necessity of import substitution of neoliberal political economic simulacra for the domestic concept of the same name, relevant to the requirements of ensuring civilizational security, is proved. Conclusions. To ensure the civilizational security of Russia, it is necessary to develop a political economic model based on domestic socio-cultural and socio-economic traditions, as well as using acceptable forms of the current neoliberal and other concepts of economic development. The criterion for the effectiveness of such political economic import substitution is the successful integration of our country into the new world economic order while ensuring a decent life for households.

An Applicability of Islamic Social Finance for The Ex-Offenders Independence: A Study on Gresik Local Prison

The study attempts to uncover and discuss Islamic social finance focusing on waqf and zakat in elevating and raising the social and economic breakthrough of ex-offenders in the Gresik region. The qualitative ethnography study employs useful and frequent observational method in combination with document analysis and interviews with key informants concentrating on Islamic social finance and ex-prisoners’ life hurdles. The findings concluded that the circle of problematic reoffending, criminality re-entry and its related vulnerability can be overcome and decimated through communal voluntarism action utilizing the benefit of zakat, waqf, and generous expertise contribution to nurture and raise the ex-offenders to be independent professionals and businessperson. Not only does the employment securitization ensure prolonged law obedience but also the wealth and prosperity management and planning ascertain and attain joyful and decent life continuation after a prison sentence.

Are there International Labour Standards? Case of Migrant Workers’ Exploitation in Italy

The increasingly fierce competition in the world of work has an impact on people getting jobs. The condition makes most people become migrants by traveling to other countries to find a job for a decent life in the future. However, the work that migrant workers get is often not as expected, so the rights of migrants are often not fulfilled. The amount of violence in the world of work and the non-fulfillment of the rights of migrant workers in Italy is an act that violates human rights. Therefore, the authors wrote this article by using normative legal research method to analyze migrant workers in Italy who are exploited by forced labor and the lack of protection regarding the minimum wage for migrant workers and also aims to analyze the role of the International Labour Organization as an organization that protects the rights of migrant workers, including protection from violence and protection of the minimum wage for migrant workers in Italy. The result shows that there is an urgency for Italy to ratify the Minimum Wage Convention on the grounds that it diminishes the exploitation of migrant workers and provides binding legal force for the sake of migrant workers.

IDENTIFIKASI STEREOTIP GENDER MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA: MENUJU PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN BERPERSPEKTIF GENDER

Gender stereotypes as a product of gender inequality are detrimental to women in having a career and having a decent life in society. This labeling that is subordinate and negative needs to be changed so that equality between women and men is realized. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS) as a higher education institution that integrates scientific values based on Islamic values, needs to contribute to helping women's struggles to remove negative labeling for them through education with a gender perspective. The aim of the study was to describe the perceptions of UMS students about gender stereotypes through a review of welfare equality, access, awareness, participation and control on the UMS campus. This research is a case study research with a qualitative approach, which collects data using closed and open questionnaires on UMS student respondents from all faculties. Data were analyzed using Sara Longwe's gender analysis model. The results of the study showed that UMS female students were more diligent, serious, active, responsible in fulfilling assignments, full of consideration, but less like challenges, determined to change their image by implementing active achievements, less brave in front, and emotional.

KLASIFIKASI PENERIMA BANTUAN SOSIAL DI DESA BATUAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE ALGORITMA C4.5

Batuah Village, Seranau District, Kotawaringin Timur Regency is a village with a difficult economy. The population is increasing, the problems of life are also getting more diverse. Every citizen needs a decent life, so the government held a social assistance program for the residents of Batuah village. This program is expected to help underprivileged families as one of the government's efforts to overcome poverty. Food assistance must be given to people who are entitled to receive it. But sometimes there is still social jealousy caused by the closeness of neighbors and other factors. Other problems that occur include registered residents who have died still receiving assistance, residents who had problems last year still received assistance, and there were residents who received double social assistance. The purpose of this research is to build a simpler role or decision tree to determine the recipients of social assistance. In addition, this study also aims to determine the values of precision, recall, and accuracy. The algorithm used to build the decision tree is Algorithm C4.5. The results of the study using 100 data samples showed that the algorithm's performance reached an accuracy value of 93.00%, a precision value of 100.00%, and a recall value of 65.00%. The performance of the algorithm produced in this study is included in the very good category so that the decision tree resulting from this study can be used as a recommendation to determine social recipients in Batuah village.

Legal Protection of Online Investors on the Binomo App by Alert Task Force Investment Financial Services Authority

Background: Broadly speaking, an investment is a commitment to a certain amount of funds or other resources such as equipment, immovable assets, intellectual property rights, or expertise. Investments are made personally as well as by legal entities. Investment in general, has several objectives, the first, is to get a more decent life in the future, the second is to reduce inflationary pressures, and the third is to save taxes.&#x0D; &#x0D; Objective: This study aims to find out as well as analyze the legal protection of online Investors on the Bonomo application by the investment alert task force of the financial services authority. As well as knowing and analyzing about.&#x0D; &#x0D; Methods: This research belongs to the normative type of research. So it can be known that the legal protection of investors by brokerage companies has not been sufficiently able to accommodate the interests of investors.&#x0D; &#x0D; Result: In Law Number 21 of 2011 concerning the Financial Services Authority (OJK Law), the authority and duty of the OJK are to supervise Financial Services Institutions (LJK) in the capital market sector, the non-bank financial industry sector (such as insurance, pension funds, financing companies, etc.) and starting in 2014 will also supervise the banking sector (Commercial Banks and People's Credit Banks).&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: Based on the above explanation, it can be concluded that the legal protection of investors by brokerage companies has not sufficiently accommodated the interests of investors.

ضوابط الحد الأدنى للرواتب والأجور

The research is going to highlight the minimum salaries and wages via identifying the economic theories and standards which determine them. Controlling salaries and wages is a vital topic since it is touches people life (officer and laborer) and their families. Controlling salaries protect the poor from low wages and meet their needs and then, get them rid of poverty which violates decent life. Iraq is still late at the level of the legislation of the minimum salary laws in comparison to international treaties of human rights.

Children’s Protection in The Issue of Hadhanah Based on Islamic Law Perspective

Every year, the divorce rate in Indonesia continues to grow. Based on data released by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) through the katadata database in early 2020, the divorce rate from 2015 has increased until 2019. In 2019 there were 408,202 cases of divorce. The high rate of divorce certainly has an impact on the lives of both partners, one of which is the issue of child custody or in Islam it is called hadhanah. A child who is still unable to take care of his life until adulthood must be cared for or given a decent life by their parents. Child custody is always an issue between the mother and father when they decide to divorce. Caring for and looking after children who are victims of divorce is obligatory for both parties. The research method used is qualitative normative. The result of this research is that the issue of hadhanah or child custody has been described in detail in the Compilation of Islamic Law in our country. If there is a dispute in this hadhanah issue, it can be resolved by arbitration.

Using Tools to Regulate the Transition to a Green Economy and Preserve the Environment for Countries Exporting Raw Materials

This article considers the tools that form the organizational and financial basis for the green economy transition and the features of their application. Currently, most countries of the world have taken a course towards the green economy transition to ensure a decent life for society while preserving the environment. The study aims at seeking the most effective tools for managing such a transition in a certain order and on time. The article dwells on the state regulation of environmentally oriented industries and support for green investments, as well as social orientation towards the environment. A special emphasis is laid on market-based instruments for financing the development of the green economy, including green bonds. The authors of the article have presented a model of transition to green growth with minimum losses for commodity-exporting countries using special financial instruments that ensure the green economy transition for enterprises in the fuel and energy complex. They also have formed proposals for improving the regulatory potential of environmental legislation and the main objects influenced by the state environmental policy.&#x0D;

THE EFFECT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH, REGIONAL EXPENDITURES, AND POVERTY LEVELS IN EAST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite in measuring human development achievements based on the basic components of quality of life. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a single combined/mixed indicator that cannot measure all of the dimensions of human development, but measures three main dimensions of human development, namely longevity and health, knowledge and skills and access to the resources needed to achieve a decent life. In this study, the population used was the Province of East Kalimantan in a span of 12 years from 2010 -2021. This study aims to determine the effect of Economic Growth, Regional Expenditures, and Poverty Levels on the Human Development Index (IPM) in East Kalimantan Province for the 2010-2021 period. The data analysis method in this study is panel data regression using SPSS version 24 software. The results of the study show simultaneously that the independent variables consisting of Economic Growth, Regional Expenditures, Poverty Levels have a significant influence on HDI. While the partial test of Economic Growth and Regional Expenditures has no effect on HDI. And the Poverty Level has a negative effect on HDI