Control Technique For Systems Research Articles

Design and modeling of the case of unmanned aerial vehicle, in the technical facility control system

This article presents the design and modeling of a case with a combat kit for an army unmanned aerial vehicle with an autonomous launch system. The scientific problem solved by the authors in this article is the design and modeling of a new medium-class combat vehicle, according to the current concept of modern design and produc-tion «Industry 4.0», which implies the creation of new dual-use equipment and technologies. The purpose of scien-tific research is the design and modeling of a case with a combat kit for an army unmanned aerial vehicle. The following methods of scientific research were used in the scientific article: theoretical and empirical. The authors associate the prospects of their research with the design and modeling of an innovative control system for a two-case army unmanned aerial vehicle with an autonomous launch system, which has mounts for installation on the chassis of a combat vehicle.

The influence of methods of concrete quality control by physical and mechanical parameters on the reliability of building structures

Introduction. The construction technical control system evaluates the physical and mechanical properties of concrete on the base of testing a series of samples taken from a batch of concrete. It is necessary to take into account the influence of the control method on the quality of concrete structures and their reliability.
 
 Aim. Creation of a technical control system that should eliminate the causes of the identified risks by reducing the impact of the identified causes.
 
 Materials and methods. The control method affects the reliability of concrete structures being built and is evaluated from the point of view of choosing the number of samples and discarding the minimum strength values in the series. The results of the control of a series of concrete samples for 6 samples selected in such a way as to ensure compliance with the declared class when discarding 2 minimum sample values are compared.
 
 Results. As a result of the analysis of the impact of the methodology on quality and reliability: class B turns out to be 2 steps lower than the prescribed one, the in-series coefficient of variation exceeds the permissible one by 8 %, and the reliability level is significantly lower by 36 %.
 
 Conclusions. The conducted research shows an underestimation of the methodological component of material control, which can leave significant gaps in the system of technical control of construction products and does not allow to ensure the required level of reliability of structures.

Trust in Artificial Intelligence: Modeling the Decision Making of Human Operators in Highly Dangerous Situations

A prescriptive simulation model of a process operator’s decision making assisted with an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm in a technical system control loop is proposed. Situations fraught with a catastrophic threat that may cause unacceptable damage were analyzed. The operators’ decision making was interpreted in terms of a subjectively admissible probability of disaster and subjectively necessary reliability of its assessment, which reflect the individual psychological aspect of operator’s trust in AI. Four extreme decision-making strategies corresponding to different ratios between the above variables were distinguished. An experiment simulating a process facility, an AI algorithm and operator’s decision making strategy was held. It showed that depending on the properties of a controlled process (its dynamics and the hazard onset’s speed) and the AI algorithm characteristics (Type I and II error rate), each of such strategies or some intermediate strategy may prove to be more beneficial than others. The same approach is applicable to the identification and analysis of sustainability of strategies applied in real-life operating conditions, as well as to the development of a computer simulator to train operators to control hazardous technological processes using AI-generated advice.

Ontological aspects of the problem of realizability of control of complex systems

The article deals with the management of complex systems. The general definitions of the concepts "control" and "control system" are formulated. It is stated that the control system in its basis is an information system, for which the most important characteristics are performance and rapidity. Definitions are given and differences between these characteristics are revealed. The problem of realizability of control of complex systems is stated, which consists in the necessity of providing sufficient rapidity, at which the whole necessary complex of control operations is placed in the control cycle. The relationship between the control parameters: the complexity of the control object, the duration of the control cycle and the rapidity of the control system is investigated. As a result, a number of significant dependencies are revealed: the duration of the control cycle is approximately inversely proportional to the complexity of the control object; the rapidity of the control system is approximately proportional to the square of the object complexity. It is stated that within the framework of the general theory of systems there are two main options for increasing the stability of a complex system: the option of monocentrism with a central element, or by increasing the number of links in the object. The first option does not allow increasing rapidity. The second variant of stability can be implemented in practice in the form of a decentralized system. The latter option is universally realized in living systems and is promising for the control of technical systems.

Simulation of a Degeneration Process of a Technical Control System for High-Temperature Processes with a Human Operator

Simulation of a Degeneration Process of a Technical Control System for High-Temperature Processes with a Human Operator

Application of ship’s information system to control and monitor the technical condition of ship’s equipment

Failures and breakdowns of marine equipment that occur during the daily operation of ships can lead to major accidents, endangering the lives of the crew and passengers of ships, and also pose a threat to the environment. A project for using a ship information system to monitor the technical condition of ship power equipment in real time through integration with ship automated systems is presented in the paper. The implementation of the information system was carried out on the Handy Size dry-cargo vessel with a deadweight of 36,987 tons, during which an analysis of ship systems was carried out and sources for obtaining initial information were identified. These were AMS system (alarm monitoring system), technical control system of MAN 5S50ME-B “CoCoS” main engine condition, equipment on the navigation bridge (AIS, GPS, ECDIS, VDR). During the implementation of the project, a secure connection to the above-mentioned ship systems for collecting and processing information using the installed Dataloger computer with software was made. Channels for transmitting information to the shore through the satellite Internet and mobile communication systems using data coding and compression to reduce traffic volume were determined. The use of the implemented information system makes it possible to remove some of the routine tasks for the crew and the onshore technical service, to obtain more accurate information on the formation and control of maintenance tasks in real time.

Research and development of data compression methods for technical monitoring systems

Objective. The aim of the study is to develop methods for data compression in relation to monitoring systems.Method. The studies were carried out mainly experimentally, by processing data generated by the information-measuring system of the Altai State Technical University in the process of meteorological observations, temperature control and control of the consumption of such energy resources as hot and cold water, heat supply. However, when it was proposed to change their structure and presentation form to compact the stored data, the degree of compression was found theoretically.Result. The results of studies conducted with the participation of the author of the publication in the field of data processing, transmission and storage are presented. Methods for streaming data compression “on the fly” as it arrives, both lossy and lossless, as well as methods based on optimizing the structure of databases designed to store information collected during monitoring, are considered. The main attention is paid to the consideration of data compression created in the process of temperature monitoring, since it is the control and monitoring of temperature processes that is most common in various technical process control systems, heat metering systems both on the consumer side (housing and communal services) and on the side of the heat supply organization.Conclusion. In the vast majority of cases, lossless compression allows you to compress the information received from the monitoring system by more than 10 times, and lossy compression is much stronger, and without losing the pragmatic value of the stored information.

Quantum computing in controlling railroads

The paper discusses the main possibilities of using quantum computing and technologies in railway management, highlighting the most promising options and proposals for their application. One of the main objectives of the RZD "Russian Railways" is the research and implementation of quantum telecommunications as the basis for building promising network services. By focusing on improving solutions in the field of automation of railway transport process management, and taking into account the over-growing and changing needs of customers, RZD also wants to trans-form to digitalization and use quantum computing to create flexible management models, optimization of the structure and decision-making processes and the use of quantum computers both in information systems and in technical control systems. The study first identifies areas where the development of information technologies in railway transport is a must. Then the strategies and programs to digitalis these fields are discussed, how they are implemented is shown and finally a comparison is then made with other experiences from different agencies around the world. The Study concludes that the creation of quantum information systems with a contactless neuro-computer interface will solve several problems like the performance of duties by railway personnel, monitoring of significant objects of critical information and technical infrastructure, and public services. It is advisable to use quantum technologies and calculations in railway transport in the following main directions: the creation of a quantum telecommunication network; the introduction of quantum computing in the improvement of Blockchain technologies; use of quantum technologies to solve complex optimization problems.

Optimal maintenance tasks taking into account cost indicators

The reliability of technical systems plays a key role in ensuring their efficient operation over time. This article discusses the importance of reliability in maintaining preset parameters of the functioning of a system and its dependence on operating conditions. Maintenance is done to maintain the reliability of a system and control its functionality. The authors propose methods for selecting quality indicators and the optimal frequency of preventive maintenance and emphasise the importance of considering cost aspects when making decisions on maintenance. In conclusion, the article offers a brief algorithm for quality control of technical systems while placing an emphasis on system safety and economic efficiency. The study demonstrates the need to develop and apply new cost-based analysis methods to determine optimal maintenance strategies for technical systems. Overall, the article provides recommendations for improving maintenance operations and increasing the reliability of technical systems.

A Systemic Review of the Cybersecurity Challenges in Australian Water Infrastructure Management

Cybersecurity risks have become obstinate problems for critical water infrastructure management in Australia and worldwide. Water management in Australia involves a vast complex of smart technical control systems interconnected with several networks, making the infrastructure susceptible to cyber-attacks. Therefore, ensuring the use of security mechanisms in the control system modules and communication networks for sensors and actuators is vital. The statistics show that Australia is facing frequent cyber-attacks, most of which are either undetected or overlooked or require immediate response. To address these cyber risks, Australia has changed from a country with negligible recognition of attacks on critical infrastructure to a country with improved capability to manage cyber warfare. However, little attention is paid to reducing the risk of attacks to the critical water infrastructure. This study aims to evaluate Australia’s current cybersecurity attack landscape and the implemented controls for water infrastructure using a systematic literature review (SLR). This study also compares Australia in the context of global developments and proposes future research directions. The synthesis of the evidence from 271 studies in this review indicates the importance of managing security vulnerabilities and threats in SCADA water control systems, including the need to upgrade the contemporary water security architecture to mitigate emerging risks. Moreover, human resource development with a specific focus on security awareness and training for SCADA employees is found to be lacking, which will be essential for alleviating cyber threats to the water infrastructure in Australia.

The influence of technological process parameters on the quality indicators of culinary products

Operating enterprises in the restaurant industry must apply various methods, methods, and means of process control, which will ensure the proper quality and safety of culinary products and dishes. One of the most critical tasks for a restaurant business manager is producing high-quality culinary products. The quality of food products is the essence of its consumer properties, determined by the satisfaction of the population's need for complete nutrition. The set of properties of culinary products is characterized by nutritional value and organoleptic indicators. However, control services periodically detect violations of sanitary, technological, and other regulatory requirements by enterprises of the restaurant industry, which indicates a possible danger to the health of consumers of culinary products. Under these circumstances, controlling the technological processes of the production of culinary products is relevant for industry institutions, requiring a constant search for the most effective methods and means of quality control. The quality and safety of dishes are the primary criteria for food, so restaurant establishments must daily practice continuous control of the processes of manufacturing products and providing services. This will help ensure the appropriate level of food quality with the analysis of the results of control operations, which can determine ways to improve the quality of products. The technical control system (control objects, control operations, their sequence, technical equipment, modes, methods, means of mechanization, and automation) is developed simultaneously with the design of the manufacturing technology of technical devices by the service of the chief technologist of the enterprise or relevant design and technological organizations with the participation of the technical control department (VTK). All technological processes of making dishes and culinary products in restaurants can be divided into two stages – mechanical culinary and thermal culinary processing. Within the framework of the study of the safety indicators of new products, an essential component is the analytical and experimental examination of minced meat products of the emulsion structure with EAGP regarding the determination of the type and content of food additives for compliance with legislative and regulatory documents on the regulation of food additives in the composition of food products. Analytical studies have established that the EAHP food additive based on sunflower oil – mono- and diacylglycerol fatty acids is a safe additive E471 of GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) status, which is used in the composition of food products according to technological necessity without restrictions and quantitatively not are regulated. Therefore, the minced meat semi-finished product of the emulsion structure fully meets the requirements of the current legislation of Ukraine in terms of EAHP content. Thus, studies of the general chemical composition, quality indicators, and safety of chopped meat semi-finished product of emulsion structure, made using the EAHP food additive based on sunflower oil, confirm the compliance of this product with the requirements of the state food control system.

Some aspects of the development of information-cybernetic thinking in pedagogical university students when studying the basics of cybernetics

The rapid development of various information-cybernetic systems and their introduction into all spheres of human life and activity necessitate a deeper study of the foundations of informatics and cybernetics in schools and pedagogical universities. Conducting an analysis of the features of the formation of information-cybernetic thinking of students of pedagogical universities and the development of training tasks that contribute to a deeper mastery of the basic provisions of cybernetics are key aspects for the teacher. At the same time, the method of analyzing educational and scientific-methodical literature, methods of programming and computer modeling, as well as mathematical methods are used. The main types of educational tasks that contribute to the development of informationcybernetic thinking of students are selected: 1) explanation of the principles of cybernetics and their justification on the example of specific technical systems; 2) explanation of the general principles of functioning of various types of information-cybernetic systems; 3) explanation of the operation of specific automatic control systems (ACS) and their individual components; 4) the invention of “new” control systems with desired properties; 5) creation of technical control systems and experimental study of their work; 6) creation of computer models of control systems and transmission links. Solutions of educational problems involving computer modeling of automatic control systems and various transmission links in the Pascal ABC environment are discussed. The proposed elements of the methodology can be used in any university when teaching students the basics of cybernetics.

Стан і втілення іноваційних технологій в технічну експлуатацію транспортних засобів

The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of road transport and the implementation of information technology in the technical operation of vehicles. The analysis of the current state of road transport showed that the diversification of road transport enterprises, their unbundling, business development have led to the polarization of car fleets and the concentration of a significant number of cars in small in size and number of enterprises. The main systemic problems of road transport at the present stage are considered, which showed that the existing system of maintenance and repair of cars in the maintenance of cars no longer meets modern requirements for maintaining the efficiency of vehicles. It is substantiated that the availability of modern technologies allows to move to the adaptive system of maintenance and repair of cars, the key point of which is the development of information and communication system and database of models that provide remote monitoring of the necessary current information from the vehicle. The results of the experimental study of technical and economic indicators of a passenger vehicle with the help of the developed information and software complex "IdenMonDiaOperCon "HNADU-16"", which works in the conditions of intelligent transport systems, are presented. Evaluation of the results of determining the technical and economic performance and parameters of the technical condition of the vehicle in operating conditions was carried out on the average speed of its movement and fuel consumption. Estimation of operating conditions was carried out on the value of the relative coefficient of change of speed in accordance with the provisions of the theory of operation of cars.The bulk of cars in Ukraine are concentrated in small enterprises in size and number, resulting in deteriorating technical condition of vehicles. The existing system of technical condition control in such enterprises no longer meets the modern requirements for maintaining the efficiency of vehicles. This can be solved by implementing in the TEA the principles of "adaptive" management system of the technical condition of the car, the basis of which is the creation of information systems of organizational and functional control and support of technical maintenance of vehicles.The obtained results of monitoring the parameters of the technical condition of the vehicle in operation, allow to obtain the values of average speeds for the experimental site, taking into account geozones, fuel consumption and relative coefficient of change of speed, which is the main guide in determining vehicle operating conditions.

Гибкие аппаратно-программные средства для практических занятий по дисциплине «Микропроцессорные устройства систем управления»

The article considers a new methodology for specialist training in the field of microprocessor control systems based on filling an educational process with jobs of real practical content which’re performed by project team in the conditions of the access absence to a laboratory equipment. The matter is that during the study of theoretical disciplines of technical trend, practical classes, fulfilled in the form of laboratory works, are aimed at fundamental knowledge confirmation in a subject area by the way of experiment conduction, at that, experiments themselves can be organized not only on a laboratory equipment but also in modeling programs. The stated goals for theoretical information backing are achieved by fulfillment laboratory work and subsequent defense. Together, in training programs for specialists in applied technical spheres, for example, in the program of specialist preparation on "Control in technical systems" course, it’s provided the study of disciplines in which practical content prevails over theoretical one. Thus, for example, in the course "Electronics and fundamentals of microprocessor technology", it’s taught a necessary theoretical basis for the discipline "Microprocessor devices of control systems", and in the program itself of the pointed discipline, it’s provided the study of device construction approaches with the use of universal microprocessors and microcontrollers as well as of programming basics of them. Namely that is why in the curriculum of "Microprocessor devices of control systems" discipline, there’re provided not laboratory but practical works which in the course, students, performing tasks, program microcontrollers which interact with external devices in simple but functionally complete control devices. However, a laboratory equipment turns out to be unavailable during distance learning that predetermined the search for alternative forms of organization of practical works out-of-door of a university. The search for a suitable solution, besides the solution of laboratory equipment unavailability problem, led to the possibility to organize practical works with the use of a management project method.

The intelligent control system for the technical radio beacons condition of the navigation and landing complex

The article considers the possibility of developing control systems for the technical condition of radio beacons (RB) transmitting channels generators for the airport navigation and landing complex using artificial intelligence systems (AIS). The feature of using AIS to develop the technical control system is integrating a multidimensional likelihood function into the knowledge base. By means of merely measurements of signal phases generated in RB, the given function makes it possible to evaluate:– average frequencies of generated signals in RB;– deviations of average frequencies from the required values throughout the entire observation interval;– random deviations of the current frequency values from the average ones at each measurement interval;– relative frequency instabilities of each of generators.The results obtained and their variation over the time allow us to carry out:– monitoring the technical condition of RB channels generators;– diagnostics of the technical condition of RB channels generators;– forecasting the technical condition of RB channels generators and making a decision concerning the status of the controlled generators according to the CORRECT OPERATION-DETERIORATION-FAILURE criterion.

Synthesis of new microfluidics models in the research in the “Robotics and Control in Technical Systems” laboratory

Robotics is an interdisciplinary scientific direction, therefore, when solving a number of problems, it becomes necessary to conduct research that is typical for other areas of science. So, when synthesizing new types of equipment in the „Robotics and Control in Technical Systems” laboratory, more accurate characteristics of individual components and assemblies were required, which ultimately led to a whole cycle of work on microfluidics. Of particular interest in the work performed is the development of new microdevices, since this involves the construction of a single complex of new mathematical and computer models that link hydrodynamics, elasticity theory, heat transfer process, parametric optimization and control theory. The first models were obtained that describe the movement of a piston fixed by an elastic spring in a pipe, taking into account the influence of dry viscous types of friction. By the method of factorial computational experiment, analytical dependencies were obtained for the main part of the fuel dosing unit — servo piston. Next, mathematical and computer models were built to analyze the fluid flow through a channel with variable geometry. Based on the simulation results, the design of a new micromechanical device — a piezoelectric micropump consisting of an elastic tube and annular piezoelements located on it, the sequential oscillation of which creates a non-zero average fluid flow, was refined. In the course of the adaptation of the model, an effective design of the device for smoothing fluid flow pulsations was obtained. These devices were developed and calculated for use in the liquid cooling system of capillary microgripper. A parametric analysis of the process of cooling the hot side of the Peltier element of the microgripper was carried out with a change in the following gripper parameters: the size and shape of the radiator, the coolant flow rate and the heat transfer coefficient. The results of the analysis of temperature fluctuations of the radiator under unsteady fluid flow confirmed the expected dependences of the cooling efficiency on the chosen geometry of the radiator and low-frequency fluid flow fluctuations.

Концепції людино-машинної автоматизації в АСУ ТП товстолистових станів

Modern automated control systems can not do without the special means of organizing commu-nication with humans. The main peculiarity of human-machine interaction is the combination of formalized information processes and structures with non-formalized (as a rule, creative) in-formation processing. The latter helps not only find ways to solve complex problems that can not be found in formal models (algorithms) but also organize the process of problem solving as a holistic system. Human-machine interaction can not be fully algorithmic (in the formal sense), but it is possible to develop technology for mutual activities of humans and technical systems for problem solving. The role of people in technical control systems is constantly changing. Previously, a human was the link that was mostly responsible for process manage-ment. With the development of automated systems that was supported by the ever-increasing use of computers, people are increasingly taking over the functions of the control unit, at the same time keeping the role of an observer of the process. However, in recent years the role of humans in control systems has changed. In modern technical systems, they again play a leading role, which fully reveals their abilities and uses its boundary capabilities to optimally distribute the functions between human and machine, human and process. Human-machine interaction is a form of mutual use of reserves of humans and automated systems that is ultimately focused on humans. The article considers the stages of human-machine automation systems development, the composition and distribution of functions in human-machine systems, the possibility of their implementation, emergencies in automated technological facilities, and some examples of human-machine control in ACS TP thick-sheet rolling mills.

О ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ЧИСЛЕННЫХ МЕТРИК В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬЮ

Introduction. The existing information security management in information systems is a set of informal verbal models. They make it possible to determine a variety of measures but cannot conduct numerical assessments – to compare alternative strategies according to the introduced criterion, to numerically record changes in the level of information security, to perform mathematically justified optimization of control actions. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of using numerical estimates in information security management. Methods: The search for alternative methods of modeling information security management processes begins with the modeling object classification. The modeling object (the information security management process) is considered as a complex system having irremediable uncertainty. A method using fuzzy algorithms can be classified as one of the possible methods in modeling such objects. Fuzzy algorithms are most widely used when modeling technical control systems, but this method potential allows us to hope for positive results when modeling more complex processes. The article offers an example of using fuzzy modeling algorithms based on Mamdani rules of inference algorithms for creating an information security management system model of an information system. Results: The sensitivity, continuity and qualitative adequacy of the described model are substantiated, the possibility of operational tracking of the influence of destabilizing influences on the level of information security in the information system using a numerical metric is shown. Practical relevance: The use of the proposed methods opens up the possibility of building an automatic information security management system of an information system.

Локальний web-сервер телеметричної системи з сенсорами взаємодії за протоколом modbus

With the development of microprocessor components and, accordingly, a significant expansion of the use of computer technologies, remote measurement techniques are being developed. These include telemetry and remote control of technical systems or their components in industry, research, home appliances and other fields. In this paper, the author suggests how to build a local web-server based on a microcontroller with an ARM Cortex-M4 core, which can be interacted with via an http-browser with Internet access. The block diagram of the local web-server on the basis of the STM32F407 microcontroller with the ARM Cortex-M4 core is suggested. Hardware modeling of the local web-server with a two-processor architecture including the main controller and the Modbus processor with the RS-485 interface, which provides information exchange via the Modbus RTU protocol, is done. The main controller is equipped with an indicator system based on functionally programmable LED indicators, an LCD indicator of type BC1602A, a local keyboard, USB and SWD ports for debugging and programming of the microcontroller, an external Ethernet module providing a temperature sensor and the Modbus RTU relay module, which interacts with the main controller of the local web-server via the Modbus processor with the RS-485 interface using the Modbus RTU protocol. A software for interaction of the local web-server and a http-browser has been developed. The local web-server was tested with different types of http browsers, proved to be reliable and showed the response time which depends on the number of sensors and is less than 1 second in case of 9 sensors.

Role of AI in Control System Design for Robotics

In this study, the role of AI in controlling the robotic system has been discussed in a comprehensive manner. For executing this study, AI has been introduced with its features, implications and loopholes that directly affects the universal digital technology. Places and sectors that have adopted AI to bring growth have been discussed in this chapter. Nowadays different types of advanced technologies have been invented to track human body motion and other features that make people's life more easy and advanced. Here cognitive implementation of technical systems has been discussed briefly along with its loopholes that need improvement to overcome these barriers. Assistive kitchens with their equipped tools have been mentioned in this study with brief description and manufacturing and other business industries have also discussed here that adopt AI technology to bring growth. Keywords : AI, Cognitive technical system, robotics, control system, sensor, and industry.