Capital Construction Research Articles

Investment and construction project management system with the use of building information modeling

One of the key principles of the construction industry development until 2030 is the transition to building information modeling at all stages of the life cycle of the capital construction object. The process of digital transformation not only affects and changes the final product, but also requires a full-fledged re-engineering of the company's internal processes.Purpose: The aim of this paper is to conduct the systems analysis of construction stage management within the framework of investment and construction project realization in the conditions of digital transformation.Research findings: The model of the life cycle management system of the capital construction object is developed using basis the information model.Value: Two main problems are outlined, that must be solved to implement the developed management system into practice.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЖИЗНЕННЫМ ЦИКЛОМ ЗДАНИЯ НА ЭТАПЕ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МОДЕЛЕЙ ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ И МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ

The use of artificial neural networks and machine learning methods for the analysis of heat loss in buildings is of significant relevance in modern construction. These technologies are highly accurate and efficient in data processing. Artificial neural networks have the ability to analyze vast amounts of information and identify complex patterns, which significantly increases the accuracy of determining heat loss in buildings. In turn, machine learning methods make it possible to take into account various influencing factors, such as geographic location and meteorological conditions, thereby making a significant contribution to improving the quality of analytical results. Such approaches provide more reliable and accurate conclusions, which is critical for effective energy management and reducing heat loss in buildings. In this article, the authors conducted a study of heat losses of buildings and their prediction at the operational stage using artificial neural networks and machine learning methods. The technique is based on the analysis of data on heat loss and their relationship with various building parameters. Forecasting was carried out using artificial neural networks in the Statistica software package and the machine learning method based on the scikit-learn library. The proposed approach allows you to effectively manage the energy consumption of a building, optimizing its energy efficiency and improving the life cycle management of a capital construction project. The results demonstrate the high accuracy and convergence of the model with actual values, as well as its ability to predict performance.

Grandparents' social capital hypothesis: Relationships with grandparents and young adults' trust through kinship support

AbstractObjectiveThe current research investigated how relationships with grandparents were associated with young adults' trust levels.BackgroundTo complement the grandmother hypothesis that explains the adaptiveness of human longevity from the perspective of instrumental contributions, a “grandparents' social capital hypothesis” was proposed, indicating that grandparents benefit social capital construction for their grandchildren, the effect of which could be symbolic for young adults. Older adults, who tend to have high levels of trust and the connections within extended family, could have positive impacts on young adults' trust.MethodUsing convenience sampling, we surveyed 314 Chinese young adults on quality and quantity of their interactions with grandparents, kinship support, and their generalized trust and particularized trust toward relatives through trust games. Path analysis was used to analyze the data.ResultsQuality of the relationship with grandparents, rather than quantity of contact with them, was related to young adults' higher levels of particularized and generalized trust. Kinship support mediated the associations between high‐quality relationships with grandparents and young adults' particularized trust, as well as generalized trust.ConclusionGrandparents could play a symbolic role in social capital accumulation for young adults through the mediation effect of kinship support.ImplicationsThese findings provide new evidence supporting older adults' constructive role in human societies and shed light on possible strategies to cultivate social capital in the communities.

Research on the Planning and Construction of National Industrial Metrology Center Park

Metrology refers to the activity of achieving unified physical and chemical units and ensuring accurate and reliable measurement values.In the field of metrology, we have always adhered to the principle that “Only accurate measurement can make perfect measurement”, and have clearly defined the important role of metrology in the manufacturing industry, then take “Only to create a fine, can be accurately measured” as the standard, the dialectical unity between the two. Different from the general sense of industrial architecture, the core task of industrial metrology park is “To build houses for precision equipment, to build laboratories for metrologists”, this has put forward many new requirements to the capital construction work from the planning, the design to the construction. With the successful acceptance of the park and put into use, this paper reviews and combs the construction process from the point of view of the pre-planning and design of the park, and puts forward a Shandong model for reference for the construction of similar projects.

Fast and Curious: ‘The Swiss Development Puzzle’. The Institutional Roots of the Success of Industrialization

ABSTRACT The article investigates the institutional roots of the Swiss organized capitalism that contributed to the success of its industrialization and its subsequent economic growth during the second industrial revolution (1880–1913). Recent literature underlines the link between public and private actors and shows that the second industrial revolution in Switzerland owed its success to state-led organized capitalism. If the majority of studies analysed in detail one or more components of the Swiss organized capitalism, to our knowledge, there are no works seeking to explain the (institutional) construction of this organized capitalism by mobilizing a large number of factors in a single theoretical frame of reference. Using the Regulation Theory approach, this article sheds light on the institutional construction of the Swiss organized capitalism. We show that it rested on original institutional arrangements driven by the necessity to survive on external markets. We therefore demonstrate that these arrangements also enabled Switzerland to successfully deal with the production of essential public goods supporting both industrialization and national social bonds required to promote political unity.

Applied denitrifying bioreactor cost efficiencies based on empirical construction costs and nitrate removal

Adoption of edge-of-field conservation practices, such as denitrifying bioreactors, may be intrinsically linked to barriers associated with cost. However, most previous bioreactor cost efficiency assessments assumed values for either costs and/or nitrate removal. The objective of this work was to use actual construction costs as well as monitored nitrate removal to develop empirical cost efficiencies for eight full-size bioreactors in Illinois, USA. Capital construction costs were obtained via invoices or personal communications. A cash-flow discounting procedure was used to develop an equal annualized cost for each bioreactor assuming two media recharges over a 24-y planning horizon. These costs were combined with monitored nitrate removal based on one to six years of monitoring per site. Construction costs averaged $12,250 ± $7520 across the eight sites (or, $16,020 ± $9960 in 2023 price levels) but considering one of the sites was a paired bioreactor system, costs averaged $10,890 per bioreactor unit. Drainage treatment area-based cost averaged $132/ha-y and treatment area was strongly correlated with capital costs (R2 = 0.90; p = 0.001). The bioreactors averaged $108/m3 of woodchips and available federal government conservation programs could have offset an average of 70% of this cost. Monitored nitrate removal across 27 site-years resulted in a median of $33/kg N-y removed. This mass-based cost efficiency was higher than most previous assessments because the monitored nitrate removal for the study sites was lower than has been previously assumed or modeled. Future reporting about bioreactor recharge timing and cost will help guide assessment and planning. Water quality planning efforts should also consider the increasingly important engineering design costs, which were not included here. Suggested research and outreach to improve bioreactor cost efficiencies involves scaling the physical capacity of this technology for larger treatment areas, revisiting the use of low-cost non-standard fill media, and providing practical construction training.

РАЗРАБОТКА СХЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЖИЗНЕННЫМ ЦИКЛОМ МНОГОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ВЫСОТНОГО ЗДАНИЯ КИНЕТИЧЕСКОГО ТИПА НА СТАДИИ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ

The aim of the research is to explore paths and solutions for the effective management of capital construction objects during the operational phase. Throughout the study, life cycles of capital construction objects were examined and analyzed, justifying the feasibility of enhancing the life cycle management system during the operational stage. To optimize the operation of a building and improve its efficiency, the implementation of BIM technologies into the management process of capital construction objects is proposed, taking into account the peculiarities of the kinetic construction project. These technologies allow for continuous monitoring of structures and mechanisms, determining their "fatigue" level, microclimate, the functionality of automation systems, alertness, and the impact of human factors on the attractiveness of the real estate object. Specifically for the project, a conceptual management scheme has been developed, adapted for a multifunctional kinetic high-rise building, and its applicability can also extend to other capital construction objects. Such a scheme includes multi-level automation of the management system, implying subordination to a unified center, the system's brain, and a multitude of controllers that collect and process information from sensors. Using a well-defined algorithm, they quickly respond to tasks and efficiently manage one or several elements of the system

Methodology for assessing the quality of a construction organisation

The quality assessment of construction organisations is a scientific task, representing a practical interest for customers of capital construction projects, self-regulating associations of builders, as well as for the contractors themselves, interested in improving the quality of enterprise management. The study aims to develop a methodology for the integral quality assessment of a construction organisation. The quality of a construction organisation within the framework of this study is understood as the ability of a construction organisation to comply with the terms of a contract, produce construction products that meet the requirements of technical regulations and provide safe working conditions. In order to determine the quantitative value of the integral quality assessment of a construction organisation, a regression model was constructed describing the dependence of the construction organisation quality indicator on the effect of most significant factors, identified based on the results of expert assessments. Among the factors, having the most significant effect on the value of the integral quality assessment of a construction organisation, the authors identify the following: compliance with the terms of the contract for the duration and cost of creating a capital construction facility, compliance of construction products with the requirements of technical regulations, the share of workers with at least three years of experience in the organisation, as well as the number of accidents, recorded during the studied time. The regression model, proposed for the integral assessment, provides a fairly high level of reliability for the calculated values. The results of calculations can be used in the assessment of construction organisations by external participants in the investment and construction process, as well as by the management of contracting organisations in order to improve the management system.

Formation of sustainable development of investment and construction enterprises based on increasing their mobility

In market conditions, the effective zone of activity of the investment and construction complex enterprises dramatically changes its boundaries under the influence of the achieved level of their mobility. The object of the research is the organizational and technological processes of the construction of a capital construction facility and the activities of enterprises in conditions of mobility and uncertainty of construction production. The study considers several rational options for increasing the mobility of construction organizations when creating capital construction projects, each one defines the necessary directions for their sustainable development. The use of various mechanisms and digital technologies in the activities of enterprises for their effective management and construction of real estate objects at the stages of the life cycle will increase the stability and reliability of all types of work in conditions of mobility and uncertainties of construction production, carry out and manage all processes that take place at the stages of the life cycle of the object. This will ensure the minimization of negative consequences during the actual implementation of projects at the main stage of the construction of a capital construction facility.

Modernization of the competencies of construction managers in the implementation of projects using BIM

The use of Building Information Modeling at the construction stage of the facility involves not only the use of new technologies, but also the revision of the functional roles of participants in the implementation of the investment and construction project. The purpose of the study is to identify functional changes in the organizational structure of the State Customer (Developer) in the process of use Building Information Modeling at the stage of construction of a capital construction facility. The novelty of the research lies in the comprehensive consideration of the issue of the formation and development of digital competencies through the clustering of the organizational structure and the formation of a reference model of interrelated processes. As a result of the research, a scheme of functional roles has been developed in the context of the organizational structure of the State Customer (Developer), necessary to ensure the effectiveness of construction project management using information modeling technologies the formation of information models both at the stage of architectural and construction design and at the stage of construction and installation works.

Criteria affecting the modeling of organizational and technological processes at the stage of operation of a capital construction facility

Criteria affecting the modeling of organizational and technological processes at the stage of operation of a capital construction facility

ФИНАНСОВОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ СФЕРЫ ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА В РОССИИ В НОВЫХ ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ

One of the leading drivers of the Russian economy is the urban planning industry. In the conditions of unstable geopolitical situation, an important aspect is the study of the current state of the urban planning sector of the economy, the main financial indicators in the industry segment of companies, by subjects of the Russian Federation, in order to identify the factors constraining their development. The study used statistical data from Rosstat, analytical agency «Audit-IT», as well as the Ministry of Construction of Russia. Based on the results of the study, it was proposed to reduce the number of budgetary long-constructions and increase the rate of commissioning of unfinished capital construction projects, as well as digitalization of construction complex processes.

Статистические характеристики данных температурного мониторинга грунтовых оснований фундаментов зданий города Салехарда за 2018–2023 годы как основа для автоматизации процесса первичной обработки данных

The Arctic today is a dynamically developing territory where the construction and operation of infrastructure are complicated by the presence of permafrost. Climatic changes and anthropogenic factors have a negative impact on their condition. In this regard, studies of the current and forecast state of permafrost in natural and anthropogenic conditions are relevant, which is necessary for the formation of plans for adaptation to climate change, design and engineering surveys work, and risk ma­nagement. Monitoring the temperature regime of soils at the base of the existing infrastructure seems to be the most obvious solution for monitoring the state of permafrost. The object of the study is the soil foundation of buildings erected on permafrost. The subject of the study is data obtained using an automated soil temperature control system for the foundations of capital construction facilities in Salekhard. For the purpose of identifying negative changes in the bearing capacity of permafrost at early stages, the task of determining a set of criteria based on the analysis of temperature monitoring data and their statistical characteristics is solved. In Salekhard wells were drilled at the base of 30 buildings to the depth of the foundation, where thermometric equipment was installed. The sensors measure the soil temperature every 3 hours and transmit it to the server for analysis. As a result, the possibility of using the amplitude of annual fluctuations in the temperature of the soil base and the capacity of the seasonal melt layer under the building to assess the effectiveness of the soil thermal stabilization system is shown. By analyzing the average and maximum temperature values in the bases of objects, it is possible to identify objects with weakened zones. A set of criteria is given for identifying objects with negative changes in the frozen base, and statistical characteristics can serve as a basis for automating the process of processing monitoring data. The information obtained on the parameters of permafrost under buildings will allow us to determine the current state of the soil foundations and predict the development of the situation in order to prevent the destruction of infrastructure.

Mechanisms for the implementation of complex construction contracts within the framework of life cycle management of a capital construction facility

The development of industrial areas with difficult climatic conditions and high environmental burden on the population requires innovative management approaches from the construction industry, including energy construction as a factor of safety and reliability, as a basis for the development of enterprises in the region and urban development. The purpose of this study is to determine the place and role of complex construction contracts (CСC) in the life cycle (LC) of an industrial capital construction facility and to form mechanisms for improving the implementation of CСC to ensure the innovative nature of such an object at all stages of its LC within the framework of the relationship with the development of the economy of the studied region as a whole. The LC model proposed in the study allows us to determine the place and role of innovation engineering assessment at each stage of the implementation of large engineering projects during the construction of capital construction facilities within the framework of territorial development management. The combination of methods for assessing innovativeness will reveal the necessary reserves for accelerated development of territories with maximizing environmental and economic effects.

Classification of functionally object activities of SID-type IP specialized industrial development system

The completed classification studies showed a multitude of life cycle types of industrial park (IP) construction and allowed for updating the importance of additional modeling of project-oriented developer’s organizational structures for management of industrial park development (SID). The article provides structural classification of functionally object activities of SID-type IP specialized industrial development (SKTII), which defines the technological structure of this type of industrial construction. The research considers several types by defining types of capital construction facilities (CCF) by functional components (outcomes). A system of industrial park development prediction models is proposed comprising the effects of factor attributes xij on the observed value yij (outcome attribute) through the example of factor (aggregate) performance with the development of a strategic administrative map for brownfield IP.

РОЛЬ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ЖИЗНЕННОГО ЦИКЛА ОБЪЕКТОВ КАПИТАЛЬНОГО СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА

Russian construction industry enterprises are increasingly realizing the potential of information modeling technologies. The article considers the role of information modeling technologies in the organization of the life cycle of capital construction facilities, identifies difficulties in managing TIM data; shows the advantages of using TIM technologies in the construction sector; considers domestic software products; notes the difficulties of analyzing the effectiveness of TIM implementation at enterprises in connection with the lack of a unified assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of TIM technologies; The trends in the development of the field of TIM technologies are noted.

Life cycle of the facility and its cost at the construction stage

The article presents a study of the main aspects of managing the value of real estate in the process of implementing investment and construction activities. The study was conducted in the context of the concept of the "life cycle of a capital construction facility" with the decomposition of its stages into regulatory, financial, economic and engineering. The life cycle of an object creation project is defined as a subsystem in the structure of the overall life cycle of an object, combining a set of stages implemented in the process of creating an object. The author has formulated the main factors affecting the value of real estate during the construction at various stages of the project life cycle. The paper defines a mechanism for managing the cost of an object as interrelated stages of the project life cycle, price-forming factors and methodological support for the process of its economic assessment with the definition of types of value, taking into account the objectives of determining the value of the object in the process of its creation. The use of the tools and methods presented by the author is designed to ensure an increase in the efficiency of managerial decision-making during the construction.

Organization of the Process of Complex BIM-Design of Technological Facilities

The article deals with the issues of optimization of complex BIM-design processes of capital construction objects on the example of design of technological objects, namely buildings and facilities of water treatment complex. The model of organization of BIM-designing processes (construction of information model and obtaining documentation of various stages of design) with the help of interactive interaction means is presented, which allows to reduce time costs for information exchange and coordination of design decisions. A brief algorithm of this organizational model is given. Further possibilities of refinement and construction of new algorithms of work with the use of software complexes and programming elements are revealed. The results obtained in the systematization of individual stages of information modeling are demonstrated.

Competence “Engineering design” – a platform for developing the skills of designing an object of capital construction

The construction industry is undergoing a change in approaches to the design of capital construction projects due to the preparation of consolidated digital models in the course of designing and working with the information placed therein. This requires updating the content and changing the format of training students in the fields of study and specialties related to the design of capital construction projects and their engineering systems. Based on the comparison of the current format of training engineering students to the format of professional activities of engineers involved in the design of capital construction projects, it is shown that today’s training system does not fully take into account the specifics of team work of engineers of various profiles in the course of project development. The necessity of using methods of cross-discipline team training is substantiated. It is proposed to use the best practices in competence R94 “Engineering Design” of the WorldSkills Russia “Young Professionals” national championship as a methodological basis for organizing such training format.

Multi-dimensional capital construction of urban and rural residents’ happiness under the level and structure perspectives

Multi-dimensional capital construction of urban and rural residents’ happiness under the level and structure perspectives