Concept Of Mobility Research Articles

Sound Propagation Modelling for Manned and Unmanned Aircraft Noise Assessment and Mitigation: A Review

This paper addresses one of the recognized barriers to the unrestricted adoption of Unmanned Aircraft (UA) in mainstream urban use—noise—and reviews existing approaches for estimating and mitigating this problem. The aircraft noise problem is discussed upfront in general terms by introducing the sound emission, propagation, and psychoacoustic effects. The propagation of sound in the atmosphere, which is the focus of this paper, is then analysed in detail to isolate the environmental and operational factors that predominantly influence the perceived noise on the ground, especially looking at large-scale low-altitude UA operations, such as in the envisioned Urban Air Mobility (UAM) concepts. The physics of sound propagation are presented, considering all attenuation effects and the anomalies due to Doppler and atmospheric effects, such as wind, thermal inversion, and turbulence. The analysis allows to highlight the limitations of current mainstream aircraft noise modelling and certification approaches and, in particular, their inadequacy in addressing the noise of UA and, more generally, UAM vehicles. This finding is important considering that, although reducing noise at the source has remained a priority for manufacturers to enable the scaling up of UAM and drone delivery operations in the near future, the impact of poorly considered propagation and psychoacoustic effects on the actual perceived noise on the ground is equally important for the same objective. For instance, optimizing the flight paths as a function of local weather conditions can significantly contribute to minimizing the impact of noise on communities, thus paving the way for the introduction of full-scale UAM operations. A more reliable and accurate modelling of noise ground signatures for both manned and unmanned low-flying aircraft will aid in identifying the real-time data stream requirements from distributed sensors on the ground. New developments in surrogate sound propagation models, more pervasive real-time sensor data, and suitable computing resources are expected to both yield more reliable and effective estimates of noise reaching the ground listeners and support a dynamic planning of flight paths.

The Concept of Sustainable Mobility in Modern Megacities

Purpose: to formulate the general conception of sustainable mobility management in modern cities based on an analysis of the main approaches to the management of the development of sustainable mobility.Methods: the study is based on the application of systems analysis methods. The analysis is based on open sources information such as scientific articles, legal and regulatory acts, official strategic planning documents, analytical and methodical materials of Russian and international conferences. The article also includes the results of the author's empirical research conducted.Results: an analysis of the development of sustainable transport mobility in large cities and current strategies for its further formation was carried out. It allowed identifying the main elements of the conceptual model of the development of transport mobility. The research defines the structure of an adaptive system for sustainable mobility management, which would form a basis for developing a sustainable mobility concept to effectively organize various stakeholders' cooperation.Conclusions and Relevance: local solutions for transportation mobility may not be practical or can lead to a conflict of interests. That calls for the complex approach to forming sustainable mobility as a feature of a city transportation system to satisfy the demand for mobility to increase the quality of life in the cities. The conceptual basis for the development of sustainable mobility consists of goal setting, planning, collaboration, implementation, usage.The effective management of sustainable mobility can be achieved by implementing digital analytical platforms, working as a single ecosystem. Developing such an ecosystem can be time-consuming and directly influenced by technological, infrastructural, legal, and economic factors. The most urgent is to redesign the existing mobility patterns to achieve the environmental goals, the higher quality of life of city residents, the engagement of different stakeholders in sustainable mobility development.

The (im)mobility of masculinities: discourses on hiring men in long-term care services in Catalonia

The presence of male job seekers in the long-term care sector poses new challenges for organizations operating in this environment. We take a qualitative approach to analyze the discourses and practices applied by managers of long-term care services in relation to hiring men in their organizations. In this analysis we explore how masculinities are mobilized and whether the growing male presence has brought about changes in hiring requirements in terms of gender. The growing number of professionally trained male carers who are willing to work in direct care settings does not, at the moment, seem to be a factor that alters or challenges organizational hiring requirements. We introduce the concept of (im)mobilization of masculinities to illustrate how, although care service organizations’ recruitment practices do mobilize idealized and alternative conceptions of masculinity, hiring men is not their priority. These practices help to reproduce gender inequalities in the long-term care sector.

Crowdfunding System Models in the African Context: The Susu and Yibima Concepts in Ghana

The study examines the operations of Susu, which is a Ghanaian indigenous crowdfunding concept of fund mobilization in support of micro enterprises. The study further explores a typology of the Susu concept known as Yibima, which is an emerging concept, which has not been explored by existing literature. The key concepts of these indigenous crowdfunding models are critically considered and the study is conducted using qualitative research method. The study presents an inductive approach from data samples using Grounded Theory to develop a theoretical framework for the study. There was a constant comparison of analyzed data, grounded theory coding, observation and personal experience to come out with a theoretical view that Susu bears similarities with crowdfunding and that Yibima is a typology of Susu that has not been explored by other scholars. This assertion is reinforced by the application of inductive reasoning based on interview data. The findings, therefore, reveal that during Yibima campaigns, project initiators make a general appeal to the public (crowd) and these campaigns are launched on social media platforms and funds raised from such campaigns could be used as startup capital for business ventures or for supporting community projects. Following on the reviewed of existing literature and based on Grounded Theory from analyzed data, the study put forward a theory that Susu satisfies all the conditions to be classified as a crowdfunding concept. In addition, the findings also shows that Yibima satisfies the requirements to be a typology of the Susu as a concept.

Профессиональная юридическаямобильность выпускников вузов Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации: миф или реальность

Modern conditions of service for graduates of higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the territorial bodies of internal Affairs, among the many law enforcement requirements imposed on young professionals, additionally indicate that it is not necessary to form a sufficiently high level of professional legal mobility, the ability to easily start professional law enforcement activities in a different direction from the one in which his training was carried out at the university of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. In this article, in addition to studying the concept and content of professional mobility, the reasons for its insufficient level among graduates of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, proposals are formulated for its improvement, transformation from a semi-mythical category into the reality of the service of an employee of the territorial body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

TOUCH® Prosthesis for Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Case Series.

The dual mobility concept currently represents the newest generation of thumb carpometacarpal prostheses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of TOUCH® prosthesis. From September 2019 to July 2020, 40 prosthesis were implanted in 37 patients suffering from symptomatic stage III osteoarthritis. All included patients with a median age of 57.7 (IQR: 13.6) finished the systematic follow-up regimen (4, 8, 16 weeks, 6, and 12 months postoperatively). All parameters significantly improved (p < 0.0001) compared to the preoperative status. At 1 year follow-up, median DASH Scores decreased from 54 (IQR 22) to 12 (IQR 28) and pain levels improved from 8 (IQR 2) to 1 (IQR 2). Moreover, key-pinch strength increased from 3.8 (2.0) to 5.8 (2.5), while palmar abduction, radial abduction, and opposition also significantly improved. 35/37 patients were satisfied with the functional outcomes. We observed 10 complications, of which 6 were tendon-related issues, and 2 were due to an inappropriate choice of neck size. We could detect one dislocation but no evidence of cup loosening, tilting or subsidence in any patient. Despite the occurrence of some complications, we recommend implantation of this prosthesis type due to favorable clinical and radiological performance.

Nuevas fronteras de la movilidad y de las migraciones: : un análisis teórico-empírico

Traditional studies of migration assumed that migrants brought with them a strong sense of place, of the territory of origin and the territory of destination, as well as an uni-directional sense of a return project. Therefore, the current mobility concept is not new, but different due to the emphasis on movement in relation with communications in real-time, on the intense movement of goods, as well as in the instant information conveyed by digital technologies. These are changes in a phenomenon which have brought the emergence of new theoretical paradigms. The objective of this article is to show how migration theories explain current social inequalities, configured as new borders of mobilities and migrations, resulting from new population dynamics linked to the population mobility of people under the light of two brief illustrative cases.

Under the auspices of the state: Examining the endurance of Tashkent’s informal taxis

At a time when most large cities across the post-Soviet space have effectively formalised or eradicated their once ubiquitous fleets of informal taxis, in Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan, thousands of private car owners continue to offer paid trips to their fellow residents on a daily basis. Drawing on eleven months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article examines the remarkable endurance of this practice, locally known as taksovanie. It eschews popular conceptions of informal mobility as a token of institutional failure and attributes the non-formalisation of Tashkent’s informal taxis to the local authorities’ politically-driven active permissiveness on account of the taxis’ social embeddedness and the authorities’ striving for appeasement and social peace. This so-called “appeasement policy” relies on the delegation of the exertion of regulatory pressure to traffic police officers, whose habitual elasticity towards informal taxi drivers allows the authorities to meet their double goal of exhibiting regulatory power, on the one hand, and retaining an important survival strategy and a popular and affordable means of urban transport, on the other. The article thus uncovers the role of various levels of state authority in the production and endurance of Tashkent’s informal taxis, introducing the notion of the informality “under the auspices of the state” and illustrating how the state simultaneously produces informality by determining what is formal and consents to it whenever that serves its political goals.

Transition of mobility in companies – A semi-systematic literature review and bibliographic analysis on corporate mobility and its management

Advancement measures and negative externalities of the current transport system have been extensively researched but significant changes concerning greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction is yet to be achieved. The expected mobility changes, triggered by the introduction of electric mobility, sharing concepts, modern vehicle concepts, new planning approaches and future autonomous vehicle concepts open up new options for an improved efficiency in the corporate mobility sector. The purpose of this article is to review literature between 2016 and mid-2020 on all transport-related activities of corporations and critically review research conclusions and their implication to determine research gaps for potential alternative ways of system transition. This is achieved by a semi-systematic review of international scientific journals and conference papers independently from their research field with a set of a-priori defined terms on corporate mobility and logistics. The article concludes with a summary of major research motivations and outcomes to the mobility transition in companies and identified research gaps with potential added value to the transport system. The review reveals that the major objective of analysed articles is the zero-emission future. An examination of new mobility solutions, technologies, and their potential impact is ongoing. The potentials to design future systems and ways of system transition have yet to be sufficiently examined. The relevant question is how mobility management in corporations could be upgraded. The integration into companies’ strategic management and inter-company mobility concepts could be potential fields. These findings are important for policymakers and mobility managers to jointly work on the zero-emission future.

Inequalities, isolation, and intersectionality: A quantitative study of honour-based violence among girls and boys in metropolitan Sweden

The paper examines the prevalence and patterns of honour-based violence and oppression by documenting and analysing self-reported experiences among youth in contemporary metropolitan Sweden. The material is gathered via three surveys of 15-year-olds in metropolitan Sweden (N6002). The analysis draws on feminist intersectional violence studies and situates honour-based violence at the intersections of gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. It develops the concepts of isolation and mobility within and between groups at family, community, and societal levels.The paper finds higher levels of multiple forms of violence and control, including physical, psychological and sexual violence, among youth who live with honour norms. The prevalence of violence is higher with each of the forms of isolation explored in the paper.

TINGKAT KESIAPAN KOTA BANDARLAMPUNG DALAM MENERAPKAN KONSEP SMART MOBILITY

Nowadays, smart city becomes a promising program, because smart city offers good service to the government by involving information technology, which provides open space in public services. Bandar Lampung City Government is currently trying to make the city of Bandar Lampung become smart city. Movement that continues to occur, the more citizens and transportation problems in Bandar Lampung City, needs to be the application of the concept of smart mobility immediately, in applying the concept of smart mobility we must see how ready Bandar Lampung city in applying it, therefore we need to take one of the districts in bandar Lampung city. One of the sub-districts in Bandar Lampung city is Tanjung Karang Pusat Subdistrict which is one of the most populous sub-districts and also a center of trade and services. This research was conducted with qualitative approach, data analysis techniques using descriptive analysis and scale analysis. The research variables are drawn from the conclusions of smart city experts, research has already been done and precedents. From the results of the analysis that has been done the results of the research on the level of readiness of Tanjung Karang Pusat Subdistrict in applying the concept of smart mobility is quite ready.

Mobility as a service (MaaS) – Going somewhere or nowhere?

Noting the continuing lack of agreement as to how the concept of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) should be defined, this short topical issues paper offers an evaluation of the extent to which MaaS faces a very uncertain future. While MaaS remains a compelling concept, without evidence of MaaS contributing to sustainability goals, the multimodal future may be one of contactless deep linked customer-oriented Apps offering potential customer convenience but with no provision for bundling mobility services. The latter has been shown in the Sydney MaaS trial to be the source of positive societal outcomes such a reduced car use and emissions. A MaaS Champion with a proactive approach, led by government, seems essential for any future positive outcomes.

Comparison of two community noise models applied to a NASA urban air mobility concept vehicle

Predictions of community noise exposure from the NASA urban air mobility (UAM) concept vehicles have been conducted for representative operations using the FAA Aviation Environmental Design Tool (AEDT) in order to demonstrate modeling tool interoperability and assess applicability, capabilities and limitations of integrated noise modeling tools. To both quantify limitations and highlight other capabilities, a comparative analysis is performed using a time simulation method, in particular, using the Volpe Advanced Acoustic Model (AAM). Starting with the same source noise model, the 3D directivity of a UAM concept vehicle is predicted in terms of aeroacoustic pressure time histories at a sphere of observers near the vehicle. In addition to distilling those data to a set of noise-power-distance data for input to AEDT, the data are processed preserving directivity, into narrowband, one-twelfth and one-third octave bands for input to AAM. Results from AEDT and AAM modeling are provided for a variety of metrics to demonstrate the effect that source noise and propagation modeling fidelity have on predicted results at receptors over a study area.

A Study on Posthumanism in Modern Dance Focusing on the Concept of Mobility

A Study on Posthumanism in Modern Dance Focusing on the Concept of Mobility

PACKAGE PLANNING OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE CONCEPTS

AbstractAutonomous driving will not just change vehicles themselves, but also the entire concept of mobility. New business models and the expansion of individual mobility to new groups of society are merely examples of possible impact. In order to create optimal vehicles for new technologies right from the start, vehicle concept optimization helps to find suitable solutions from numerous possible variations. The package as part of a vehicle concept is currently focused on passenger cars with steering wheels and pedals. Therefore, a new method is needed to plan the package of driverless and autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we present a possible method that separates the vehicle into the interior and the front and rear wagon. This way, different seating layouts can be considered and evaluated in terms of package efficiency. In the results, we check the plausibility by rebuilding a current battery electric vehicle (BEV) and, by way of example, show the variation of the gear angle and different seating layouts, and the resulting package efficiency.

A feasibility study for mobility as a service in suburban areas

ABSTRACT Mobility as a Service (MaaS) promises a competitive transportation alternative to the private car such that mobility services are combined as packages and offered to users on demand. As this new mobility concept gains attention globally, many cities are eager to try it. This is a feasibility study to understand users’ preferences, potential demand and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for MaaS in suburban areas. Data were collected from 560 residents and analyzed with their travel behavior and personal characteristics. A logistic regression model was used to account for the acceptability of MaaS, choice behavior and WTP predictors. The results show that over 60% of residents would not use MaaS; however, 30% agreed to use MaaS and are willing to pay for it. This indicates that there may be a market for MaaS in Shiga, the study area. This study provides insights into the implementation of MaaS and spurs further research.

A novel cluster based highway mobility model (CHMM) for low power vehicular networks

One of the most essential variables for building a routing protocol for vehicular communication in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). The study of these vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) necessitates efficient and accurate modelling tools, and the key element of the mobility model in the VANET is for influencing the route-finding process and altering failure. Because network communications might alter vehicle mobility and driver behavior, these tools should incorporate a vehicle mobility model. In this paper, designing a new realistic model of node motion based on vehicle movement on roads. It shows how a well-known vehicle mobility concept has been implemented. Various events are used to integrate vehicle mobilitywith network communication. User-created event handlers can send network messages or alter vehicle mobility when the model receives a network message or updates vehicle mobility. In order to aid in the creation of the simulations, implementing a straight highway mobility model which is called as Highway Mobility Model based on Cluster that manages vehicle mobility efficiently.

The Rise and Fall of Ethnic Mobilization and Sovereignty in Tatarstan: Patterns of Elite Continuity and Dominance

This article aims to examine the rise and fall of the intertwined concepts of ethnic mobilization and sovereignty of Tatarstan from both micro and macro chronological perspectives. The findings of the article indicate that Tatar elites were always hegemonic and decisive in shaping the autonomous sovereignty. The path dependency of Soviet nationality policies combined with an ethnic nomenklatura discourse enabled the Tatar elites to challenge the Federal center for the expansion of sovereignty. However, the Tatar elites pursued an adoptive strategy in order not to risk their elite power and wealth when faced with the growing state capacity of Moscow in the Putin era.

Quantifying structural controls on submarine channel architecture and kinematics

Abstract Over the past two decades, the increased availability of three-dimensional (3-D) seismic data and their integration with outcrop and numerical modeling studies have enabled the architectural evolution of submarine channels to be studied in detail. While tectonic activity is a recognized control on submarine channel morphology, the temporal and spatial complexity associated with these systems means submarine channel behavior over extended time periods, and the ways in which processes scale and translate into time-integrated sedimentary architecture, remain poorly understood. For example, tectonically driven changes in slope morphology may locally enhance or diminish a channel's ability to incise, aggrade, and migrate laterally, changing channel kinematics and the distribution of composite architectures. Here, we combined seismic techniques with the concept of stratigraphic mobility to quantify how gravity-driven deformation influenced the stratigraphic architecture of two submarine channels, from the fundamental architectural unit, a channel element, to channel complex scale, on the Niger Delta slope. From a 3-D, time-migrated, seismic-reflection volume, we evaluated the evolution of widths, depths, sinuosities, curvatures, and stratigraphic mobilities at fixed intervals downslope as the channel complexes interacted with a range of gravity-driven structures. At channel element scale, sinuosity and bend amplitude were consistently elevated over structured reaches of the slope, displaying a nonlinear increase in length, perpendicular to flow direction. At channel complex scale, the same locations, updip of structure, correlated to an increase in channel complex width and aspect ratio. Normalized complex dimensions and complex-averaged stratigraphic mobilities showed lateral migration to be the dominant form of stratigraphic preservation in these locations. Our results explain the intricate relationship between the planform characteristics of channel elements and the cross-sectional dimensions of the channel complex. We show how channel element processes and kinematics translate to form higher-order stratigraphic bodies, and we demonstrate how tectonically driven changes in slope develop channel complexes with distinct cross-sectional and planform architectures.

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis versus open reduction and internal fixation in the management of tibial plateau fractures with locking compression plates

Knee is a major weight bearing joint of the lower limb consequently any fractures involving the proximal tibia will compromise the knee function and stability. Understanding the injury patterns, better implants, and the concept of early surgical fixation and early mobilization of knee joint are need. The aim of the study was to analyse the functional outcome of locking compression plate for tibial plateau fractures done minimally invasive versus open reduction techniques. This was a prospective observational study conducted in srinivasa medical college and yenepoya medical college hospital, Mangalore. In this study, 45 patients with tibial plateau fractures who presented between October 2017 to October 2020 were studied. 38 cases were treated with minimally invasive technique through standard lateral approach and 7 cases with Open Reduction and Internal Fixation with locking compression plates. Minimally invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis and open reduction techniques compared and found to be good union, more movement and lesser complication in former technique. More than the types, early surgery and closed treatment held the key to good results. The emphasis is now shifting from perfect reduction and rigid fixation to biological means of fixation by minimally invasive approaches with using of locking compression plate.