Competitiveness Of Products Research Articles

The impact of green trade barriers on China’s photovoltaic products exports to ASEAN

In the context of the global push towards a green economy, this research investigates the impact of green trade barriers on the export trade volume of Chinese photovoltaic products to ASEAN from 2010 to 2021. The strong evidence indicates that green trade barriers have a positive effect on improving the export trade volume of Chinese photovoltaic products to ASEAN. This conclusion remains robust through multiple robustness tests, including excluding data from pandemic-affected years and the only developed country Singapore. Moreover, the impact of green trade barriers varies with exchange rate levels and language environments. In countries with higher exchange rates and countries with different official languages, the positive effect of green trade barriers on trade is more significant. In contrast, in countries with the same official language, green trade barriers have a negative effect on improving the trade volume. Additionally, higher levels of renewable energy consumption diminish the beneficial effect of TBT on photovoltaic trade, and CO2 emissions lessen the detrimental effect of TBT on photovoltaic trade. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, suggesting that align with international standards, provide differentiated technical assistance and adopt transparent trade rules when formulating green trade barriers to better support the competitiveness and export growth of Chinese photovoltaic products in the international market.

My job characteristics make me procrastinate or not: An emotional perspective

AbstractWorkplace procrastination is a prevalent phenomenon that significantly impacts employee productivity and organizational competitiveness. Drawing on cognitive–motivational–relational theory, this study adopts an emotional perspective to investigate how and when job characteristics (i.e. hindrance job demands, challenge job demands and job resources) impact employees' workplace procrastination in distinct ways. We suggest that both hindrance and challenge demands may evoke fear of tasks, eliciting an action tendency of escape and avoidance, thus indirectly leading to procrastination. Notably, challenge demands may exhibit a dual effect by simultaneously enhancing interest in tasks with an action tendency of exploration, thus negatively and indirectly influencing procrastination. Job resources may generate joy about tasks, fostering an action tendency of free activation, thereby indirectly reducing procrastination. We further investigate how psychological capital, which largely shapes employees' appraisal of job characteristics, may alter the above relationships. We conducted two studies to examine our hypotheses and delve into the potential reversed relationships between job characteristics and procrastination. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

ANALISIS MUTU HEDONIK ABON IKAN PATIN (Pangasius sp.) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN JANTUNG PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L)

The objective of processing catfish into shredded products is to increase consumption patterns and expand the marketing reach. To improve product quality, diversification, competitiveness, quality and efficiency, innovation is required. The addition of fibre to shredded catfish can enhance product quality while maintaining cost-effectiveness. The alternative fibre source used was kepok banana blossom, which has the potential to enhance the organoleptic characteristics of the product. The study implemented a completely randomised design with four treatment levels of banana heart addition (22.5%, 25%, 27.5%) with 20 replicates. The hedonic test include appearance, aroma, flavour, and texture. The optimal treatment was the addition of 25% banana heart, which achieved an appearance value of 6.9, aroma 6.9, flavour 7, and texture 6.7.

Analyzing the Impact of Competitiveness Factors on Increasing Grain Production in Kazakhstan and Russia

The main research objective of this study is to conduct a detailed econometric analysis of the factors affecting the competitiveness of cereal production in Northern Kazakhstan and the Volga region of Russia, focusing on climatic conditions, irrigation systems, and soil cultivation technologies. The assessment of grain production competitiveness was considered for the period 2018-2020 in the context of the following indicators: grain yield, grain sown area, and gross grain harvest. The data analysis also included indicators of annual domestic grain consumption and total grain production in Kazakhstan and Russia. The study found that over the past few years, in the Volga region of Russia, wheat yields have been stably higher than those in Northern Kazakhstan, where the situation in grain production remains unstable. In the forthcoming decades, the production of grains is expected to exert a substantial influence on both regional and global food security. Russia’s grain production is the most important direction of national agriculture, which has the greatest potential for development in the near future. Kazakhstan, in turn, is poised to improve its competitiveness, given various opportunities to foster the growth of grain production. However, there is a need to modernize agricultural technologies and introduce climate-resistant agronomic systems.

The Strategic Recruitment Process And Its Impacts On Achieving Organizational Objectives: Bibliographic Review

Background: Strategic recruitment is a planned process that aligns hiring practices with the organization's longterm goals. Unlike traditional recruitment, which focuses on filling vacancies momentarily, strategic recruitment seeks to identify and attract talent that contributes to the achievement of organizational goals and the sustainable growth of the company. This approach includes analyzing the organization's future needs and devising a plan that ensures the talent needed to meet its long-term goals is available. Materials and Methods: This study consists of a narrative review of the literature that explores the understanding of how strategic recruitment, by being aligned with organizational objectives, can bring more benefits to the company. This approach aims to provide a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the findings, theories, and practical applications relevant to the topic, using diverse academic and scientific sources to support the arguments presented. Results: The results address the effectiveness and impacts of strategic recruitment practices on performance and the achievement of organizational objectives. It was analyzed how the integration of well-defined strategies in the recruitment process optimizes the selection of talents and aligns the skills of new employees with the company's strategic goals and needs. Through data analysis and recent studies, it was possible to understand the importance of a strategic approach in recruitment, highlighting its influence on productivity, innovation, and organizational competitiveness. The results presented indicate the best practices and challenges faced by companies in the search for recruitment that supports and enhances their long-term goals. Conclusion: The study suggests that there is significant room for future research in the area of strategic recruitment. Additional studies can explore how different organizational contexts and sectors influence the effectiveness of recruitment practices and how these practices can be adapted to maximize their impact. It is therefore necessary to continue research on how to integrate new technologies effectively into recruitment, while maintaining a balance between efficiency and human interaction

Strengthening Marketing Strategies in Organic Agricultural Products Through Organic Farmer Training in Indonesia

This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to improve the marketing skills of organic plant farmers in Indonesia through online training focused on digital marketing strategies, branding development, and distribution network expansion. The method used was participatory training, involving 30 farmers as a sample, with data collection carried out through pre-test and post-tests to measure changes in participants' knowledge and skills. The results showed a significant improvement in participants' understanding of organic product marketing, with the average pre-test score of 2.5 increasing to 4.2 in the post-test. This increase is mainly seen in the ability of participants to utilize social media and e-commerce platforms to market their products. In addition, qualitative interviews showed that participants felt more confident in developing product branding and expanding marketing networks, although challenges related to internet infrastructure were still faced in some areas. Post-training mentoring also provides additional support that helps participants implement the strategies learned. In conclusion, this training is efficacious in improving the marketing skills of organic farmers. It can be a model that can be applied more widely to strengthen the competitiveness of organic agricultural products in Indonesia.

Methodological approaches to the assessment of innovation activity

Subject. This article examines the essence and content of such concepts as innovation, innovative activity of an industrial enterprise, its key elements and methodological approaches to their assessment. Objectives. The article aims to develop methodological approaches to the assessment of innovative activity of an enterprise on the basis of a system of indicators that comprehensively characterize innovative activity, innovative potential, as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of innovative activity. Methods. For the study, we used analysis and synthesis, a systems approach, indicative design of the analyzed processes, and the methods of detailing and logical generalization. Results. The article presents the author-developed methodological approaches to the comprehensive assessment of innovation activity on the basis of a system of indicators that can help quantitatively and qualitatively assess the innovation potential, trace its changes, innovative activity of the enterprise, outline the areas for improving innovation activity in order to increase the competitiveness and financial stability of the enterprise. The article also proposes a system of indicators for assessing the innovative activity of the enterprise as a whole, the research and development sector, and it recommends indicators of the impact of the results of innovation activity on the enterprise's economy, and for assessing the effectiveness of innovative projects. Conclusions and Relevance. The proposed methodology for assessing innovation activity based on a system of qualitative and quantitative indicators can help better understand innovation processes and related activities and the results obtained, as well as make optimal management decisions, identify and eliminate bottlenecks, find ways of innovative development and thereby increase the competitiveness of Russian enterprises and domestic products. The results of the study can be used in assessing the innovative activity, innovative potential of enterprises, the effectiveness and efficiency of the innovation process, in making optimal management decisions on strategic planning and making managerial decisions in the field of improving the innovation process, in the selection of the most effective innovative projects.

Clustering of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan: prerequisites, distinguishing features, correlation matrix

The role of cluster formations in increasing the competitiveness of products and accelerating the innovative development of the agrarian economy of Kazakhstan is revealed. Theoretical and practical principles, prerequisites and methodological approaches to the creation of agro-industrial clusters are defined, their distinctive features are revealed. Purpose - economic interests of clustering in agro-industrial complex in the context of regions of the republic are considered. The selection of objects in 17 regions with the highest economic indicators of financial and economic activity was carried out. Methods – k-means - for preliminary reduction of data dimensionality by means of factor analysis; rapid cluster analysis - in order to combine economic entities into cluster components on the basis of similar characteristics. Results - primary data were collected, correlation matrix was constructed and the presence of generalized factors was assessed to reduce the dimensionality of the studied attributes. Multivariate statistical study of agricultural products production by regions for 2023 was carried out. The variant with 5 clusters, the order and map of location of 17 administrative-territorial units of regional significance were adopted, the dendrogram of intergroup linking of regions was developed. Conclusions - cluster analysis allows to distribute the totality of objects (regions) of the Republic of Kazakhstan into five cluster formations, connecting in them the enterprises having similar structure and production specialization. The identified groups can be used for rating assessment of agro-industrial cluster that promotes effective integration of resources and knowledge. It has been established that the application of the cluster approach contributes to increasing productivity and sustainability of the agricultural sector, ensuring long-term development and competitive advantages.

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The prospects of the food and agro-food sector in the structure of the economic management system are related to global and national trends in the development of agriculture, food industry and effective management of these industries. The growing demand for environmentally friendly products forces companies and farmers to implement sustainable production methods. This includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions, using water and resources efficiently, and moving to organic agriculture. Environmental standards are becoming important in ensuring the competitiveness of products on the domestic and international markets. Automation and digital technologies are rapidly penetrating the agri-food sector. Precision farming technologies, artificial intelligence, drones and satellite systems allow for increased production efficiency, improved resource management and reduced costs.In addition, digital platforms help to optimize supply chains and improve interaction between market participants. There is an increasing focus on food safety due to increased regulation by governments and international organizations. This requires agri-food businesses to invest in quality control systems and meet international standards such as HACCP. The increase in the export of food and agricultural products is an important factor in the economic development of many countries. This requires diversification of sales markets, improvement of logistics infrastructure and adaptation to the requirements of foreign markets.In addition, supporting local producers through government subsidy programs can strengthen the domestic market. The concept of a closed-cycle economy involves minimizing waste and maximizing the use of resources at each stage of production. In the food sector, this may include using waste as raw material for fertilizer or energy production. Small and medium-sized businesses in the agri-food sector can play an important role in ensuring food security and sustainable development of rural areas. Government support programs, access to finance and educational programs can help strengthen this sector. Climate change directly affects the food sector, causing unpredictable weather conditions that can reduce harvests and increase the risk of production losses. Adapting to these changes requires the introduction of new technologies, genetically modified crops, and risk management programs. At the global level, more and more attention is being paid to food security - ensuring a stable food supply. This includes the development of the agro-industrial complex to reduce dependence on imports, increase food reserves, and develop infrastructure for storage and transportation

Multicriteria Analysis of Innovation Ecosystems and the Impact of Human Capital and Investments on Brazilian Industries

Innovation is one of the main factors associated with industrial growth, as it contributes to increased productivity, sustainability, and international competitiveness. There is a certain degree of complexity in measuring innovation, since there are various metrics for this purpose, and each sector of the economy handles it differently. In Brazil, the Industrial Survey of Technological Innovation (PINTEC) was developed to construct sectorial indicators on innovation activities. Based on these data, this paper investigates how ten sectors of the economy performed during two historical series (2011 to 2014 and 2014 to 2017) considering five criteria linked to the innovation process and the impact of qualified human capital. The problem is analyzed in light of multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA), using preference ranking organization methods for enrichment evaluation (PROMETHEE II) to provide a ranking of Brazilian industrial sectors. The results show how the sectors have changed over the years, highlighting that innovation expenditure proved crucial in measuring companies’ commitment to innovation, but also show that a highly qualified workforce emerged as a leading factor. Furthermore, the research presents which criteria have contributed positively and negatively to each sector, which can serve as drivers for policy formulation to strengthen the Brazilian industry.

Veiled costs, concealed incentives: Rethinking market approaches to address institutional marginalization and reduce vulnerability of artisanal fishers to power abuses in the Peruvian dolphinfish fishery

Market-based approaches play a crucial role in promoting seafood sustainability by leveraging market incentives. Typically, these incentives are commonly perceived as closely associated with premium prices or improved market access. As such, arguments around product competitiveness are used by various stakeholders to engage the lower levels of the seafood supply chain in sustainability initiatives. This study presents findings from an analysis of secondary and primary data obtained through a two-tier survey, focusing on the operational costs of Peruvian artisanal dolphinfish fleets and estimating the concealed costs that result from institutional malpractice and coercive transactions from criminal groups. Our analysis reveals that the artisanal fishing sector, due to institutional marginalization facilitated by bureaucratic overburdening, experiences various forms of power abuse. Specifically, we show how the higher the levels of informality of the fleet’s operation, the higher the probability of being subject to unethical behavior. This results in heightened hidden operational costs, which in turn affect the income of vessel owners and fishers. To address these issues, we argue that market-based approaches should build upon the new incentives offered by import-control schemes and anti-Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated regulations, prioritizing actions to alleviate institutional marginalization of fishers. By doing so, responsible companies in the supply chain can effectively reduce legal, economic, and reputational risks while actively tackling the critical factors contributing to power imbalances and the resulting unequal distribution of benefits.

Penerapan Inovasi Produk dan Manajemen Mutu dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing Produk UMKM di Desa Aek Loba Afdeling 1

One of the factors that influences the competitiveness of MSME products is their ability to innovate and manage product quality. Product innovation allows MSMEs to create added value and differentiate themselves from competitors, while good quality management ensures the consistency and quality of the products produced. This community service activity was carried out in order to increase the self-awareness of the community, especially the MSMEs in Aek Loba Afdeling 1 Village, Aek Kuasan District, Asahan Regency. The method used in this community service is face-to-face (om the spot training). Data collection used was observation, interviews and documentation. The result of this community service is increasing public understanding of the importance of product innovation and quality management in increasing the competitiveness of MSME products

Pengembangan Moocs Sukses Berbisnis di Marketplace Sebagai Peluang Bisnis Online

Marketplace is a digital platform that is familiar to use when buying and selling online. Marketplaces are crucial in enhancing the quality, marketing, and competitiveness of MSME services and products. There are so many MSMEs in the form of online stores in the marketplace. The existence of a marketplace is beneficial for business owners who are just starting their business on a particular marketplace platform. However, the existence of these online stores is considered not optimal in reaching a very broad market due to the lack of experience and knowledge to make business innovations. Therefore, a training through MOOCs is needed for MSMEs that have online stores incorporated in a marketplace. using the ADDIE Model to acquire prevalent knowledge regarding business strategies in the marketplace, xMOOCs are developed. The developed MOOCs consist of seven materials, namely (1) Basic Concepts of Marketplace, (2) Marketplace Business Models, (3) Preparation for Starting an Online Business in the Marketplace, (4) Selling in the Marketplace, (5) Strategies for Increasing Traffic in the Marketplace, (6) Managing and Developing Stores, and (7) Success Stories of Online Sellers in the Marketplace. The development of MOOCs through research obtains complete information from the design, development, to evaluation stages. These MOOCs can be used massively and effectively in providing useful knowledge for participants to increase sales in the marketplace.

تأثير الإنفاق الحكومي في الــنموّ الاقتصادي في سلطـنة عمان

Understanding the relationship between government spending and economic growth is crucial because it is complex. While well-directed investments create a more favorable environment for businesses to thrive and thus stimulate economic growth, excessive spending may lead to inflation and crowd out the private sector, accordingly, hindering growth. This study seeks to determine the effect of public expenditures (investment expenditures, current expenditures, contributions, and other expenditures) on the Sultanate of Oman's economic growth, using quarterly data from 2010 to 2022. The study relies on the descriptive approach and the analytical quantitative approach by forming and estimating a standard model and then testing it using the bounds test of the Autoregressive Regression of Distributed Lags (ARDL) methodology to determine the long-term and short-term effects of public expenditures on economic growth through EViews 13. The results of the analysis show that there is a long-term and short-term effect of government investment expenditures on economic growth in Oman during the study period. The results also indicate that there is no significant effect of current government expenditures, contributions, and other government expenditures, neither in the short term nor in the long term. The study recommends a set of recommendations for decision-makers in Oman, the most important of which is to focus on investment expenditures, especially infrastructure projects that improve productivity, innovation, productive capacity, and long-term competitiveness.

Documentary analysis on productivity in enterprises

Productivity is a key indicator for the sustainable growth of enterprises. However, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often do not measure it; therefore, there is a need to develop a greater understanding of this concept as a subject of study. A study was conducted with a qualitative approach using a documentary analysis technique based on a documentary record instrument. The research objective is to locate, analyze, and synthesize scientific evidence on business productivity to strengthen the theoretical and methodological foundations for further analysis and application in future studies. The results are presented in the following categories: Productivity concepts, efficiency, effectiveness, and competitiveness; variables or factors affecting productivity; productivity techniques and tools; case studies on productivity; and productivity and human talent. The findings of this research can contribute to promoting the measurement of productivity in SMEs.

Impact of Safeguard Measures Import Duty Tax (BMTP) in Efforts to Increase Protection and Competitiveness of Textile Products

General background: The Safeguard Measures Import Duty Tax (BMTP) policy has been implemented to protect domestic industries from the adverse effects of rising imports. Specific background: In Indonesia, the textile industry has faced significant competition from imported goods, which threatens the competitiveness of local products. Knowledge gap: However, there is limited research on the effectiveness of the BMTP in enhancing protection and competitiveness, particularly in the context of the Juanda Customs and Excise Service Office. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the impact of BMTP on the protection and competitiveness of domestic textile products through qualitative methods, including observation, interviews, and documentation. Results: The findings reveal that the implementation of BMTP is effective in controlling and reducing the volume of imported textiles, thereby contributing to increased protection for domestic producers. Novelty: This research provides new insights into the specific application of BMTP at Juanda and highlights the use of Nvivo12 Plus software for qualitative analysis, offering a novel approach to triangulating data and ensuring validity. Implications: The results imply that BMTP can be a viable policy mechanism to safeguard domestic industries, particularly in sectors vulnerable to import surges, such as textiles, potentially informing future policy decisions to enhance industrial competitiveness. Highlights: BMTP effectively reduces textile imports, enhancing domestic protection. Nvivo12 Plus aids in qualitative data analysis for reliable results. The study offers insights into BMTP's specific application at Juanda Customs. Keywords: Import Duty Safeguard, Protection, Textile

Design of Advertising Strategy Through Google Ads to Increase Export Sales of PT Kian Eka Cipta

This era of globalization makes increasing the competitiveness of local products in the international market significant, especially for SME companies such as PT Kian Eka Cipta which is engaged in exporting furniture and handicrafts. Despite having high-quality products, the company faces challenges finding international buyers and marketing its products effectively. This research aims to design an advertising strategy through Google Ads to increase PT Kian Eka Cipta's export sales. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. SWOT analysis and keyword analysis were applied to identify the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats and determine relevant keywords for advertising. The results showed that the potential market that can be developed through Google Ads is the United States. The strategy is focused on targeting specific audiences based on location, demographics, and interests. It is expected that the implementation of this strategy can increase PT Kian Eka Cipta's export sales by the predetermined targets.

Research on Pattern Generation and Innovative Design of Chinese Mongolian Embroidery based on AIGC Technology

This study aims to investigate the potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the generation and innovation of Mongolian embroidery patterns. It seeks to address the limitations of traditional embroidery pattern design, which is often time- consuming and inefficient, and to enhance the market competitiveness of Mongolian embroidery products. A substantial corpus of Mongolian embroidery patterns has been assembled, and image processing software has been employed to enhance the processing. A generative adversarial network (GAN) and a variational self-encoder model are constructed to learn and train Mongolian embroidery patterns, with the objective of generating new patterns that exhibit a combination of traditional style and modern design concepts. The experimental results demonstrate that the Mongolian embroidery patterns generated by AIGC technology retain the defining characteristics of traditional patterns in terms of form, while also exhibiting a greater degree of diversification in design style through the creative generation of the model.

Digital Marketing Strategies in Increasing the Competitiveness of Agricultural Products in the Digital Economy Era

This study investigates the role of digital marketing strategies in enhancing the competitiveness of agricultural products in the digital economy era. With the rapid advancement of technology and the growing importance of e-commerce, traditional agricultural marketing approaches are increasingly being replaced by digital platforms, enabling broader market reach and direct interaction with consumers. The research explores various digital marketing tools, including social media, e-commerce platforms, search engine optimization (SEO), and content marketing, and examines their effectiveness in increasing market visibility, consumer engagement, and sales of agricultural products. Using a case study approach, this study analyzes agricultural businesses that have successfully implemented digital marketing strategies, assessing the impact on their competitiveness in both local and global markets. Data were collected through surveys and interviews with agricultural producers, digital marketing experts, and consumers. The findings indicate that agricultural businesses adopting digital marketing strategies experience significant improvements in brand recognition, customer loyalty, and sales performance. Moreover, the use of data analytics and targeted marketing enables these businesses to better understand consumer preferences and trends, thereby optimizing their marketing efforts. The study concludes that digital marketing is a crucial tool for agricultural producers seeking to increase their competitiveness in the digital economy. It recommends that agricultural stakeholders invest in digital literacy and technological infrastructure to fully leverage the potential of digital marketing. Policymakers are also urged to support digitalization initiatives within the agricultural sector to foster innovation and sustainability.

Know-How of the Effective Use of Carbon Electrodes with a through Axial Hole in the Smelting of Silicon Metal

This article describes elements of the know-how of using carbon electrodes produced using the technology of molding around a rod when smelting silicon metal. Application of our know-how will dramatically increase the competitiveness of silicon metal production. Experts’ concerns regarding the use of such electrodes were that such electrodes have a through axial hole. This significantly reduces the mechanical strength of such electrodes, which can presumably lead to problems associated with the breakage of the working side of the electrode, which is immersed in the smelting space of the furnace under the charge layer. Industrial testing of such electrodes was carried out in a 30 MVA furnace of “Tau-Ken Temir” LLP. During testing, we used an approach previously developed by our team for working with a furnace in the process of smelting silicon metal. In particular, we used an interval between top treatments of about 30 min and adhered to the principles of balanced smelting, i.e., provided a balance between the intensity of the uniform supply of the charge into the furnace and the current active electrical power. Industrial testing carried out over four weeks confirmed the stability of the operation of cheaper carbon electrodes with a through axial hole. The recovery of silicon into finished products was also improved to 88–89% and the specific energy consumption was reduced to 11.2–12.1 MWh/t of silicon metal from the initial value 14,752 MWh/t. Thus, we received additional evidence for the effectiveness of our approach in furnace operating compared to an approach based on the ultimate provision of gas and permeability of the furnace top due to excessively intense processing of the top and an uncontrolled, uneven supply of charge to the furnace.