City Of Voronezh Research Articles

Formation of a Complex of Public Charity Buildings in the City of Voronezh

Formation of a Complex of Public Charity Buildings in the City of Voronezh

Problems of reconstruction and preservation of historical and architectural appearance of redbrick buildings of educational institution of the end of XIX – beginning of XX centuries of the city of Voronezh

Problems of reconstruction and preservation of historical and architectural appearance of redbrick buildings of educational institution of the end of XIX – beginning of XX centuries of the city of Voronezh

Methods of planning and organizing excursions

The article examines the key role of designing excursion routes in the tourism industry, the features of planning such routes, and their significance for the development of tourism. Practical examples of various excursions in the city of Voronezh are presented, and prospects and trends in this branch of the hospitality industry are discussed. The key points are a thematic approach to planning excursions, interaction between educational institutions and tourism enterprises, as well as the use of modern technologies and the consideration of sustainable practices in the development of routes.

Ranking of territories in the Voronezh region by the incidence rates resulting from chemical load

Numerous studies conducted by domestic and foreign researchers report the influence of environmental pollution on shaping morbidity of a population. The study was aimed to rank the territories of the Voronezh Region by the incidence rates probably resulting from chemical pollution of atmospheric air, drinking water, soils in residential areas recorded in 2018–2022. The districts were divided into three groups based on the long-time annual average incidence rates. The degree of correlation between the disease entities and the chemical environmental factors was determined through correlation analysis. The findings have shown that the city of Voronezh and Pavlovsky District are the territories at risk of the disorders with the etiology that is likely to be associated with chemical air pollution. The territories at risk of the disorders that are likely to be associated with chemical pollution of drinking water include Kashirsky, Kantemirovsky, Olkhovatsky, Ternovsky, Khokholsky districts, while the territories at risk of the disorders that are likely to be associated with chemical pollution of soils in residential areas include the city of Voronezh, Borisoglebsky city district, Liskinsky and Rossoshansky districts. The situation observed in the above administrative territories requires in-depth study of the degree of the impact of chemical factors on public health and identification of the sources of these factors. The findings can be used to develop the guidelines on minimization of the adverse effects of chemical environmental factors on public health in the region.

Acoustic Impact of Rail Transport on Residential Areas of the City of Voronezh

Introduction: Adverse human health effects of railway noise are examined in many foreign and domestic studies. The purpose of our work was to assess the noise impact of rail transport and its contribution to creating an acoustic discomfort zone in residential areas of the city of Voronezh. Materials and methods: We took 36 noise measurements at nine monitoring points in the residential area of single-family housing construction at the distances of 25, 50, and 75 meters from the main local source of noise, i.e. railway traffic, including long-distance and suburban passenger trains. The “Assistant” sound level meter (accuracy class 1) was used for measurements taken in November 2023 – January 2024 on weekends (Sat–Sun) in the daytime and at night. Contribution of railway transport to the overall noise level was then estimated. Results: Field measurements showed that in the daytime, the equivalent noise level along the railway track exceeded hygienic standards by 1.4 to 1.7 dBA in the absence of railway traffic due to the proximity to a highway (70 m) and by 14 to 18.6 dBA in its presence; at night – by 2.2 to 3.2 dBA and by 25 to 29.9 dBA, respectively. This means that during 24 hours, 30 % of the territory of the study object is exposed to higher noise levels in the absence of railway traffic. During the passage of long-distance passenger trains and suburban electric trains, the discomfort zone increases to 60 % in the daytime and to 100 % at night. Conclusions: In our case, rail transport noise pollution can be reduced by installing additional translucent noise shields, landscaping the adjacent territory to separate residential buildings from railway tracks, and planting trees and shrubs. In general, when designing railway lines and their infrastructure facilities, it is important to envisage sanitary gaps with modern means of protection against noise.

Comprehensive Hygienic Assessment of Anthropogenic Load on the Territory of the Voronezh Region

Introduction: A comprehensive assessment of adverse human health effects of environmental pollutants found in residential areas has been carried out in the Voronezh Region. Objective: To conduct a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the anthropogenic load on the territory of the Voronezh Region. Materials and methods: We analyzed the results of ambient air, drinking water, and soil quality monitoring collected by the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Voronezh Region in 2018–2022 for compliance with the maximum permissible concentrations specified in Regulations SanPiN 1.2.3685–21. The complex load was estimated in accordance with method guidelines MR 01-19/17-17. Results: We established that pollution of ambient air in residential areas contributed the most (69.8 %) to the total anthropogenic load in the town Pavlovsk; drinking water – to that in the Semiluksky district (36.5 %), and soil – in the Rossoshansky district (10.5 %). In the city of Voronezh, the level of complex anthropogenic load exceeded both the regional and district averages. The problem of ambient air pollution dominates in all districts; it should be noted, however, that air sampling is carried out only in urban areas and urban-type settlements. In rural areas, effects of agriculture-associated nitrate pollution of drinking water is more pronounced. The impact of soil pollution is more pronounced in urban residential areas. At the same time, the excess of maximum permissible concentrations of soil pollutants were registered neither in rural nor in urban areas over the study period. Conclusion: In Voronezh, the level of complex anthropogenic load exceeds the average values estimated for the region and districts. Ambient air pollution with vehicle and industrial emissions make the greatest contributions to this load both on the territory of Voronezh and in the districts. Nitrate pollution of potable water associated with agriculture is a challenge in rural areas.

Cluster analysis in the classification of transport infrastructure of large cities

Subject of the research: The subject of the research are transport and transfer hubs in the city of Voronezh (population 1,054,111 people). Transport and transfer hubs ensure the connectivity of the transport network, provide transport services to urban residents, and are an essential element of the system of settlement centers. Determination of classes of TIH in large cities. The role and significance of the TIH in the transport and planning structure of a city is determined by their classification. The node position in the general classification allows to determine its composition, to provide optimal and comfortable for passengers planning solutions, etc., etc. The selection of factors for the formation of TPU is carried out using a single-factor analysis of variance, which allows us to exclude less significant indicators more accurately. The selection left only 6 indicators, which were taken for further analysis. Cluster analysis was performed using a clustering tree. The results are five clusters, from which 4 classes of transport and transfer hubs in accordance with SP 395.1325800.2018 “Transport and transfer hubs. Design rules” and their characteristics are given. Conclusions on the compliance of the obtained clusters with SP 395 are made, the main indicators for the cluster analysis are outlined.

The concept of coloristic treatment of a linear urban structure (on the example of Leninsky prospekt in Voronezh)

We examined the pool of colors demonstrated by the natural context of the city of Voronezh and the color palette of the architecture on the Left Bank and the main street Leninsky Prospekt of this district. Based on this study, a conceptual idea is proposed for the color treatment of the city’s extended linear structure. The concept allows for the spatial arrangement of the street, ensuring continuity in the perception of its colors, shapes and spaces and the stylistic features of the buildings. Orientation in the space of the street is improved through the accentuation by color of high-rise dominants, architectural monuments, socially and functionally significant objects, and historical buildings of architectural and artistic interest.

To the 145th anniversary of the branch of the Rostov State Transport University in Voronezh

This year is the 145th anniversary of the oldest educational institution, founded in 1878 as a railway college in the city of Voronezh. Over the long period of its existence it has undergone several reorganisations and today it is a part of the Rostov State Transport University (RSTU). For almost one and a half hundred years, qualifi ed specialists have been educated here, contributing to the functioning and development of railway transport in Russia.The article is based on the study of archival documents and periodicals concerning the history of the emergence and development of the branch of RSTU in Voronezh. The analysis of materials made it possible to restore the chronology of the history of the educational institution in the context of the main milestones in the development of railway transport from the second half of the 19th century to the present day. The documents obtained from state archives were systematised. For the first time the work with archival documents was carried out to reveal the history of formation and development of educational institutions of the railway industry. The main stages of organisation of the educational institution are defined: its reorganisation in 1922 into a technical school, then into a college and fi nally into a branch of the RSTU in Voronezh. The issues of the role and signifi cance of the educational institution in the life of the city, the region and the country as a whole are considered. The main historical epochs in the life of the educational institution are revealed: the pre-revolutionary stage of development, formation in the pre-war period, the years of The Great Patriotic War and the modern period.

Dual-channel call center model with exchange of requests and repeat calls

Computer simulation of stationary distribution of states in a call center for a two-channel RQ system with exchange of requests is presented. Such systems are becoming increasingly relevant due to the parallel use of both human dispatchers and voice intelligent bots for servicing calls. The simulation is based on solving the system of stationary Chapman-Kolmogorov equations for the Markov process describing the RQ-system. The system of equations proposed in the work differs from previous models by the presence of an exchange of requests between service channels in accordance with customer preferences. It takes into account the possibility of random repeated calls within a given average time. Service time in channels and delay time of requests in orbits have exponential distribution laws. Requests in orbit have the property of impatience, i.e. leave the system after some random time. To find the stationary distribution of states in orbits, the iterative numerical Gauss-Seidel method is used, which ensures fast convergence of calculations. Each channel has its own orbit of requests. The accuracy of the solution is controlled by increasing the maximum number of requests in orbit until the result stabilizes. The model demonstrates the sensitivity of system performance to the asymmetry of customer preferences when changing channels. Numerical simulation was carried out for the call center of the housing management company "StroyTekhnika" in the city of Voronezh. Application flows and repeat call parameters were calculated based on data from the company website and social network analysis. Accounting for repeat calls reduces system throughput compared to the option of completely impatient customers who do not use repeat calls. The case of completely impatient customers describes the limit state of a service system. At the same time, redistributing calls in favor of a more productive channel improves the overall performance of the system. The results obtained show the feasibility of using high-performance multi-channel voice bots while simultaneously stimulating a shift in customer preferences in favor of intelligent automata.

HEALTH STATUS OF NEWBORN CHILDREN FROM MOTHERS WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE EARLY NEONATAL PERIOD

Gestational diabetes mellitus is closely associated with the risk of obstetric and neonatal complications, which may be due to higher birth weight in the child, and is also increasingly recognized as a risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases in expectant mothers and their children. An increase in the number of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus increases the risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth, and also has an adverse effect on the physical development of the fetus, and may also adversely affect the course of early adaptation. The object of the study are newborns from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. The study includes an analysis of the developmental histories of 70 newborns from mothers with GDM, who were under observation in the Perinatal Center of the city of Voronezh. Most children from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus have normal indicators of physical development, which can be explained by the improvement and change in approaches to the diagnosis of carbohydrate metabolism disorders during pregnancy and the effectiveness of the therapy during pregnancy.

Geoecological assessment of the prospective system for the development of cities in the Central Chernozemic region of Russia based on the index method

The article presents the results of assessing the comfort potential and development prospects of the urbanized territories of the Central Chernozemic region of Russia based on the developed and tested geoinformation index of the urban environment comfort development potential (City Development Potential Index, CDPI). The calculation of the total indicator of the areas of technogeosystems by ecological and functional structures was carried out, followed by an analysis of the ratio of existing and planned landscape units to areas suitable for expanding green infrastructure. For the first time, cartographic models of Voronezh, Belgorod and Kursk are presented, showing the spatial distribution of urban geosystems with index values. On the basis of the obtained geoinformation values, features of urban development and geomorphometric indicators, landscape structures were identified to develop the comfort of the urban environment. Calculations of index values for the presented cities showed significant differences, due to the peculiarities of the urban structure and spatio-temporal development of the territories. In the city of Voronezh, the values of the CDPI index are characterized by negative and low positive, the territory is relatively suitable for planting trees and shrubs. Belgorod is distinguished by extremely low values of the environmental comfort development potential index among the selected cities. Index values aimed at determining the potential for the development of comfort in the city of Kursk are significantly higher than those of Voronezh. Positive indicators of the index (above +0.5) were recorded, indicating a high level of prospects for the formation of green infrastructure with a low degree of economic pressure on the landscape.

УДОВЛЕТВОРЕННОСТЬ РАБОТОЙ ВРАЧЕЙ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКОГО И ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОФИЛЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ И ЧАСТНЫХ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ

Introduction. Job satisfaction has a significant impact on the commitment of the staff of a medical organization and their motivation to work. Aim. To study satisfaction with the work of therapeutic and surgical doctors in medical organizations of various forms of ownership. Material and methods. With the help of a specially designed questionnaire, a sociological survey of 404 therapeutic and surgical doctors working in public and private medical organizations in the city of Voronezh was conducted. Results and discussion. According to the results of the survey, 78.0% of the doctors who participated in the study were completely or partially satisfied with their work, 4.7% were not satisfied at all, and 5.8% of the respondents found it difficult to answer. Doctors of public and private polyclinics are more often dissatisfied with their work than those working in hospitals. In addition, doctors of private medical organizations, both inpatient and outpatient, more often gave an overall positive assessment of satisfaction. In most cases, the reasons for job dissatisfaction were insufficient wages, somewhat less often an uncomfortable work schedule, low equipment of a medical organization and the level of work organization. Conclusion. The revealed features of satisfaction with the work of various gender and age groups of therapeutic and surgical doctors in medical organizations of various forms of ownership should be taken into account by management in the formation of personnel policy and corporate culture. Keywords: doctors, specialty, type of medical organization, work, satisfaction.

Assessment of Motor Vehicle Noise Levels on the Territory of New Residential Complexes in Voronezh City

Introduction: Adverse human health effects of motor vehicle noise, which levels are the highest in urban areas, are considered in many foreign and domestic studies. Objective: To establish the zone of acoustic discomfort related to motor vehicle noise on the territory of new residential complexes in the city of Voronezh. Materials and methods: Using the “Assistant” sound level meter (accuracy class 1), we conducted 72 noise measurements at 36 monitoring points within the 20.5 hectare area of two residential complexes at distances of 7.5, 50, 100, 200, 300, 350, and 430 meters from the four-lane highway, the main local source of traffic noise. The measurements were taken in May 2023 on working days (Monday to Friday) in the daytime and at night. Results: We have established that modern urban planning technologies and solutions used in the construction of new residential complexes are unable to eliminate the zone of acoustic discomfort. According to the results of field measurements, the equivalent noise level along the highway in the daytime exceeds permissible levels by 17.8–19.7 dBA and at night – by 22.6–25.7 dBA. The noise limit is also exceeded in the inner yard (on the playground, in the recreation area). The significant area of the study object is almost completely affected by traffic noise at the distances of up to 100 m and 200 m in the daytime and at night, respectively, which creates an unfavorable acoustic environment that has a negative impact on the local residents. Conclusions: To reduce the area of the acoustic discomfort zone, it is recommended to take measures to reduce traffic intensity in the study area by developing the road network and public transport system, prohibiting motorcycle and freight traffic on this street, especially at nighttime, improving landscaping of the adjoining territory, and installing transparent noise barriers that will prevent noise transfer between houses to the inner territory of the residential complex and the lower floors of the buildings.

Application of the GC-MS method in combination with preliminary solid phase extraction on a magnetic molecular imprinted polymer for the determination of bisphenol A in soils of various types

A method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in combination with pre-concentration on a sorbent with BPA molecular imprints (dosage of sorbent — 50 mg, sorption time — 10 min, pH — 3, desorption with methanol) is used to determine bisphenol A (BPA). The sorbent extracts about 96% of BPA from aqueous solutions with a single sorption and is characterized by a high imprinting factor reaching 7.1. The samples of soils of urbanized territories, as well as typical chernozems and residual carbonate chernozems outside the large cities of the Voronezh region were studied. The limit of BPA detection was 0.07 μg/kg (in terms of dry soil), the range of the linearity of the calibration graph was 0.3 – 35 μg/kg. Determination of bisphenol is hindered by soil contamination with petroleum products, which can be eliminated by washing with heptane. It has been revealed that pH of soils has a significant effect on the BPA migration of along the soil profile. The concentration curves of the BPA distribution over the soil profile up to a depth of 1 m were plotted. The maximum BPA concentrations in the soils of urbanized territories depend on the contamination of the territory with polymer waste. The maximum BPA concentrations (29.84 μg/kg) were determined at a depth of 20 cm in samples taken near the landfill of municipal solid waste. At other points within the city limits, the maximum concentrations range within 5.38 – 8.77 μg/kg. Outside the city of Voronezh, the mobility of BPA increases in more alkaline typical and residual-calcareous chernozems and significant concentrations of the pollutant were found at a depth of 50 – 80 cm. The developed scheme can be applied to targeted screening and monitoring of the BPA content. The method can be used for BPA determination in soil horizons for various soil types, meteorological conditions (precipitation, annual temperature regime), and contamination of the territory (the presence of unauthorized landfills, MSW landfills, sewage treatment facilities near the sampling point).

Investigation of the Relationship between Fluctuations in Natural and Climatic Factors and Incidence Rates in Selected Territories of the Russian Federation

Introduction: The implementation of measures of the sectoral plan for adaptation of the population to climate change is one of the priority tasks of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population. The ongoing scientific research is the basis for the development of management solutions aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality related to the observed and upcoming climate changes. Objective: To assess the relationship between fluctuations in natural and climatic factors and incidence rates in the population of selected territories of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods: The territories of the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg as well as Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Leningrad, Moscow, Voronezh, Rostov, and Krasnodar regions were selected for the assessment taking into account changes in the latitude of the terrain from north to south (from the 68th to 37th parallels north). The prepared database of incidence rates and weather conditions on the above territories for the years 2008–2019 was used for the analysis. Mathematical modeling was the methodological basis for data processing. Results: We analyzed the potential relationship between changes in natural and climatic factors and incidence rates in the population of nine regions of the Russian Federation. We also tested the link between geographical coordinates and incidence rates and established the latitudinal dependence of the increase in the incidence in the range of the 60th to 47th parallels north in four regions. There, we observed an increase and a decrease in the incidence in total population related to such meteorological parameters as wind velocity in the city of Voronezh, relative humidity in the cities of Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, St. Petersburg, and Rostov-on-Don, cloud cover in Murmansk and Arkhangelsk in 2009 and 2012, respectively. No relationships were found in the city of Moscow and the Krasnodar Region. Conclusion: We revealed the relationships between fluctuations in wind velocity, humidity, and cloud cover and the incidence rates in the areas under study and identified priority territories and periods for further research.

КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ РУССКОГО СТИЛЯ ГОРОДА ВОРОНЕЖ

The article outlines the role and significance of the period of the Russian style in the historical development of the city of Voronezh. The stages of the development of the Russian style from the middle of the XIX – early XX centuries in the city of Voronezh and their characteristic regional features are considered. For the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the architectural buildings of the Russian style of Voronezh is carried out to identify the techniques of spatial composition, architectural planning solutions, compositional construction and artistic methods of facade design. Particular attention is paid to stylistic, compositional and morphological analyses of architectural details of building facades and decor. The research of the composite structure of facades is based on the scientific methodology developed by S.V. Sementsov, which allowed to analyze the facade construction system and present a comparative analysis of two periods of the development of the Russian style. The compositional principles of the axial construction of facades, the analysis of rhythm and meter, the breakdown of the facade into horizontal and vertical divisions, the location of plastic decor and the choice of color solutions are described. Then, on the basis of the theory of architectural forms, a morphological analysis of the architectural decor of buildings was carried out: crowning elements, window and door frames. The characteristic facade forms for the architecture of the Russian style of Voronezh are revealed, the variants of their layout and the varieties of building materials used are analyzed.

ВНЕУРОЧНАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ПО ХИМИИ КАК СРЕДСТВО ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНО ЗНАЧИМЫХ КАЧЕСТВ ЛИЧНОСТИ

The article discusses the professionally significant qualities of a person in the educational space in chemistry, their formation and development. The pedagogical experiment was carried out in educational institutions of the city of Voronezh on the example of extracurricular activities. Pedagogical technologies were used: projects, research activities, circle activities. A study ofprofessionally significant personality traits of students in dynamics was carried out.

Analysis of "Cold Bridges" in Order to Identify Shortcomings of Monolithic Housing Construction in Voronezh

Purpose of research. This article analyzes thermal imaging surveys of residential premises in monolithic houses built in 2018 and 2019 in the city of Voronezh. Based on the regulatory requirements of Federal Law No. 261-F3 "On Energy Saving and energy Efficiency improvement", the question is raised about the essential shortcomings in the structural units of the monolithic overlap associated with errors in design and installation. Such errors lead to the formation of places through which heat losses occur - "cold bridges". "Cold bridges" worsen the energy-efficient properties of structures and provoke excessive costs for the operation of buildingsMethods. In the article under consideration, the method of thermal imaging is used for non-contact diagnostics of "cold bridges".Results. The analysis of thermograms is based on identifying the causes of violations of thermal insulation of external enclosing structures or a decrease in its qualities. The main criterion for comparing different surface areas of enclosing structures is the temperature difference at the selected point on the compared surface area. The temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the surface temperature of the wall of a residential building on the 45th Rifle Division Street exceeds +6.0 ° C with a normalized value of Δtext=+4.0 °C. The temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the surface temperature of the wall of a residential building on Kholzunov Street exceeds +11.0 ° C with a normalized value of Δtext=+4.0 °C.Conclusion. The above results of the thermal imaging survey allow us to conclude that thermal pads were either not installed along the perimeter of the cantilever ceiling discs, or were mounted with gross errors. Uncontrolled loss of heat through fixed "cold bridges" leads to a significant increase in heat consumption for heating the building. This is contrary to Law No. 261-FZ "On Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency Improvement". It is quite labor-intensive to eliminate existing bridges in operated apartments. It is advisable to prevent their formation at the design stage and during installation work by means of perforation of a monolithic floor slab. The use of thermal pads leads to a decrease in specific heat loss by an average of 1.5 times and practically eliminates freezing under standard conditions.

Diagnosis and spread of prostate gland pathology in dogs in the city of Voronezh

The authors analyzed domestic and foreign sources of literature on the prob- lems of pathology of the sexual sphere of males. In practice, benign hyperplasia, acute and chronic prostatitis, abscess and prostate tumors in males are widespread diseases. The most important task of practicing veterinarians is the early diagnosis of prostate pathology in males of reproductive age. With early diagnosis of the disease, timely effective treatment of breeding animals, restoration of their reproductive function is possible. The paper presents the results of our own research on the spread of pathology of the reproductive system of males of different breeds and ages in the conditions of the veterinary clinic of the city of Voronezh.