City Of Irbid Research Articles

The Level of Family Compatibility in Irbid County, Jordan, During the Coronavirus Pandemic

Objective: To assess the level of family compatibility during the COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Irbid, Jordan. Methods: A descriptive-correlational approach was employed. The study population included all residents of Irbid County in 2021, estimated to be 856,200 individuals from 175,035 families. The study sample comprised 1000 participants, including 500 males and 500 females. A questionnaire was distributed through social media platforms to collect data, and a family compatibility scale during the COVID-19 pandemic was used to achieve the research objective. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The study's findings indicated that (1) the level of family compatibility among the respondents was at a low level, reflecting a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on family compatibility. (2) The higher the number of children, the lower the family compatibility. (3) There is no statistically significant effect of educational qualification and gender variables on family compatibility. (4) There is an effect of the age variable: the older the person, the higher the level of family compatibility. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant adverse effect on family compatibility, not only in Jordan but also globally. Therefore, the study recommends that social policymakers prioritize this issue, and researchers should investigate other aspects of family compatibility.

The Learning Organization and its Impact on the Development of Organizational Prowess in Private Hospitals in the City of Irbid

The Learning Organization and its Impact on the Development of Organizational Prowess in Private Hospitals in the City of Irbid

The Effect of a Program of Aerobic Exercises on some Physical and Psychological Variables of Female Secondary Stage Students

This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of the aerobic exercises program on body mass index and body circumferences (arm, chest, abdomen, hip, thigh) as a body variable, and on the level of self-esteem and sports activity attitudes as a psychological variable among female secondary stage students. The sample of the study consisted of (10) secondary stage students at Tiberias secondary school for girls in the city of Irbid in Jordan, and the experimental method was used. The implementation of the training program took a period of (8) weeks, three units per week for a period of (60-40) minutes per unit. The self-esteem scale developed by (Zayed, 2011), and the sports activity attitudes scale, which was developed by (Zayed, 2011), in addition to the two scales of mass and perimeters of the body, were employed for the pre-post measurement. Statistical treatments were calculated) arithmetic means, standard deviations, and Wilcoxon test (. The results showed a positive, statistically significant effect of the aerobic exercise program on both the level of self-esteem and sport activity attitudes in favor of post-measurement, in both body mass index and some of body circumferences. The study recommended applying the aerobic exercise program proposed in this study to the students of the basic classes, to support the school activity on an ongoing basis.

The Level of Academic Integrity among Secondary Stage Science Teachers in Virtual Learning Environments in the City of Irbid

This study sought to determine the level of academic integrity of science teachers in virtual learning environments. The study sample consisted of (276) male and female science teachers for secondary school, from Irbid directorate of eduation. To achieve the study objectives, data were collected using academic integrity questionnaire after the validity and reliability of the test were assured. The results of the study showed that the level of academic integrity among teachers was moderate. Statistical significant differences were found in the level of academic integrity due to the gender variable, in favor of male teachers, and no statistical significant differences due to experience and specialization variables.

فاعلية استراتيجية جيجسو (Jigsaw) في تحسين الكفاءة الذاتية لدى طالبات الصف العاشر الأساسي

The study aimed to reveal the effectiveness of the Jigsaw strategy in improving the self-efficacy of tenth-grade female students. To achieve the aim of the study, the study used the quasi-experimental approach, and the researchers prepared a self-efficacy scale, in addition to ensuring its validity and reliability. The quasi-experimental approach was used with a pre-post measurement. (40) female students from Hawara Secondary School for Girls in the city of Irbid participated in the study. The sample was selected using the available method and was distributed equally into the experimental and control study groups. The study concluded that there are statistically significant differences at the significance level (α = 0.05) between the performance averages of female students in the experimental and control groups on the self-efficacy scale in favor of the experimental group. Based on the results of the study, the study recommended the necessity of directing mathematics teachers towards employing the Jigsaw strategy in teaching mathematics, and training them on how to apply it in teaching instead of traditional methods.

The Impact of Electronic Sales Channels on Customers Response of Convenience Products Outlets Stores

Purpose: The current study sought to determine the effect of electronic sales channels on customer response to appropriate product outlet stores. Theoretical framework: With the development of modern means of communication and technologies that have proven effective and efficient, the online shopping system has evolved to be an important resource in the field of electronic commerce. Therefore, in recent times, the issue of customer response has become a sensitive issue for companies, especially in light of the intense competition in the business environment. Design/methodology/approach: The study used the descriptive analytical approach, and the administrative survey was designed to access the data. The study population consisted of (10) major electronic sales outlets located in the city of Irbid, and a random sample of a total of (400) respondents was used. To analyze the data, this study used modern systems, which is the statistical program (SPSS). Findings: The results of the study indicate the positive impact of electronic sales channels on customer response. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study recommended the need, and most importantly, to recommend the adoption of a diversity strategy in e-mail so that companies can access more widespread applications, which increases the interest of the customer and thus is reflected in his purchase decision. Originality/value: Despite the scientific contribution that was evident in this study, we still need more future studies related to electronic sales channels about customer response in other dimensions such as purchasing decisions, sales and marketing performance, customer trust, and customer intention in different commercial and marketing environments.

Outdoor Thermal Comfort Integrated with Energy Consumption for Urban Block Design Optimization: A Study of the Hot-Summer Mediterranean City of Irbid, Jordan

With an increasing awareness of urban health and well-being, this study highlights the growing importance of considering environmental quality in urban design beyond mere energy performance. This study integrates outdoor and indoor quality by investigating the effect of design parameters at an urban block scale (building form restricted to width and length as rectangular and square, building orientation, block orientation, building combination, building height, facade length, built-up percentage, setbacks, and canyon aspect ratio) on outdoor thermal comfort and energy use intensity. In addition, it explains the different correlations between outdoor thermal comfort and energy use intensity in different urban block designs in a hot-summer Mediterranean climate in Jordan. The study adopts a performance-driven approach using simulation tools of Ladybug, Honeybee, Dragonfly, and Eddy3d plugins across the grasshopper interface and evaluates 59 different urban block designs with nine different orientations (0°, 1°, 45°, 85°, 87°, 90°, 355°, 358°, and 359°). The results show that there is a positive correlation between the canyon aspect ratio and the environmental performance of the urban block designs. North–south street canyons are more effective at enhancing microclimates. Negatively increasing the street aspect ratio by more than four affected outdoor thermal comfort by increasing longwave radiation. Further results suggest a positive correlation between the compactness of urban blocks and their environmental performance, with north–south street canyons found to be more effective in enhancing microclimates. The study emphasizes the need to understand the distribution of open spaces formed by buildings and to strike a balance between day and night, as well as summer and winter conditions in outdoor spaces.

The Role of the Hussein Cancer Foundation Media Campaigns in Educating Jordanian Women about Breast Cancer. A Survey Study on Female Teachers in Irbid Governorate

This study came with the aim of identifying the role of the King Hussein Cancer Foundation's media campaigns and their impact on public school teachers in the city of Irbid and identifying the objectives of this accreditation and its implications. Relying on the descriptive survey method, using the questionnaire as a tool for collecting information from the research sample, which is represented by public school teachers 459)), using the available sample. The theory of dependence on the media was employed. And it reached several results, the most important of which are; The percentage of public school teachers’ exposure to the King Hussein Cancer Foundation’s awareness campaigns was (68.2%), and that (6.1%) of the sample are not exposed to the awareness campaigns for the early detection of breast cancer, and the degree of public school teachers’ dependence on the King Hussein Cancer Foundation’s campaigns to raise awareness of breast cancer, As a source for obtaining information related to breast cancer (large) at a rate of (41.4%), in addition to the fact that public school teachers have great confidence in the information provided by campaigns, at a rate of (44.4%), and indicated that (23%) of the teachers learned about breast cancer awareness campaigns from Through social networks.

Cognitive Distortions and Lifestyles among Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the City of Irbid

هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى التشوهات المعرفية وأساليب الحياة لدى أمهات الأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد في مدينة إربد. تكونت عينة الدراسة من (151) أماً لأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد وتم اختيارهن بالطريقة المتيسرة. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، تم تطوير مقياس التشوهات المعرفية، ومقياس أساليب الحياة. وتم التحقق من دلالات صدقهما وثباتهما. أظهرت النتائج أن المتوسطات الحسابية لمجالات التشوهات المعرفية لدى أمهات الأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد جاءت ضمن الترتيب التالي حيث: مجال "ثنائي القطب" في المرتبة الأولى وقد بلغ (3.00)، بينما جاء مجال "التجريد الانتقائي" في المرتبة الأخيرة وبلغ (2.34). كما أظهرت النتائج أن المتوسطات الحسابية لمجالات أساليب الحياة لدى أمهات الأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد في المجال "المتعاون" جاء في المرتبة الأولى وبمستوى "مرتفع" وبلغ (4.04)، بينما جاء مجال "المتجنب" في المرتبة الأخيرة بمتوسط حسابي "متوسط" وقد بلغ (2.45). كما كشفت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مجال "لوم الذات"، وجاءت الفروق لصالح عمر أقل من 35 سنة. ووجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مجال "التجريد الانتقائي" تعزى لأثر وظيفة الأم، وجاءت الفروق لصالح الأم العاملة. وأظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزى لأثر المستوى التعليمي للأم، وعدد الأطفال في الأسرة في جميع مجالات التشوهات المعرفية، كذلك فقد أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في المجال "المسيطر"، وجاءت الفروق لصالح عمر أقل من 35 سنة.  كما أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية (0.05 =α) تعزى لأثر المستوى التعليمي للأم، وعدد الأطفال داخل الأسرة، ووظيفة الأم في جميع مجالات أساليب الحياة. في حين  بينت النتائج  وجود علاقة ايجابية دالة إحصائيًا بين التشوهات المعرفية وكل من أسلوب الحياة "المسيطر، والمتجنب، والاعتمادي"، وعدم وجود علاقة دالة إحصائيًا بين التشوهات المعرفية وأسلوب الحياة المتعاون. كلمات مفتاحية: التشوهات المعرفية، أساليب الحياة، الأمهات، اضطراب طيف التوحد.

The Challenges that English Teachers Face in the Employment of the Evaluation Matrix in Classes for Students with Learning Difficulties

The current study aimed at identifying the challenges that English teachers face when they employ the evaluation Matrix in classes for students with learning difficulties. The study followed the descriptive-analytical method. A questionnaire was designed to meet the study objectives. the study sample consisted of 136 English teachers of the primary education level in public schools in the city of Irbid. The findings revealed that the challenges that English teachers face in employing the evaluation Matrix in classes for students with learning difficulties came with a very high degree, they also revealed the absence of differences with statistical significance between the responses of the sample attributable to the variables of gender and experience years. Furthermore, the findings showed the presence of statistically significant differences between the responses of the sample attributable to the variable of academic qualification.

The Training Program Effectiveness to Improve English Pronunciation for Students with Hearing Impairments in the Elementary Level

This study aimed to determine the effect of a training program to improve English pronunciation for hard-of-hearing students. To achieve the aim of the study, the researchers used the quasi-experimental approach, and the study sample consisted of (30) students with hearing impairments from primary schools in the city of Irbid. The experimental group studied based on the training program and consisted of (15) students, and (15) students of the control group studied in the traditional way. A set of instruments has been prepared, which consists of an image-naming test and preparing a training program based on the curriculum for students to see their effectiveness in raising the level of pronunciation for students with hearing impairments in the English language. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups in favour of the experimental group. The study recommended holding training courses (sound training) targeting parents of hearing-impaired students in order to develop the receptive and expressive language of their children.

The Effect of Flipped Classroom Strategy via Smart Phones in Academic Achievement in the English Language for Blind and Visually Impaired Students

This study aimed to determine the effect of flipped classroom strategy via smart phones in academic achievement in the English language for blind and visually impaired students. To achieve the goal of the study, the researcher used the quasi-experimental approach, and the study sample consisted of (18) blind and visually impaired students at the Senses Center in the city of Irbid, which consisted of (9) students of the experimental group studied using the flipped classroom strategy via smart phones, and (9) (Students for the control group, which studied using the traditional method. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups in favor of the experimental. This study recommended holding training workshops for teachers at the institute in order to familiarize them with the importance of modern teaching methods such as the flipped classroom strategy, and how to adapt it using smart phone applications and modern technology to suit the blind and visually impaired and designing courses with exercises and models inspired by the flipped classroom, and expanding the application of such programs at all educational levels.

Improving the Performance of Sunspaces Using Smart Nano-Coated Glazed System: a Novel Approach

In a glazing system, chromogenic-glazed systems with nanocoating properties can regulate the throughput of radiant energy per thermal and visual comfort and energy efficiency requirements. This study has aimed to improve the performance of sunspaces by investigating the effectiveness of smart nanocoated glazed system in order to prevent unwanted solar heat gains and heat losses during summer and winter, respectively. Mixed research methods have been been used by first analyzing previous studies in order to determine the base case characteristics and variables and then a computer simulation has been performed using Design Builder. The thermal zones have been simulated in two parts. The reviving sunspace using the chromogenic glazed system and best-fit components within the climatic conditions of the city of Irbid, Jordan, have improved the sunspace performance with an energy reduction of 397.91 kWh (41.64 %) compared to the base case in Part One and energy reduction of 2495.85 kWh (43.36 %) compared to the base case in Part Two. In Part One, two thermal zones, i.e., the sunspace and the attached room, have been simulated, where the following five variables have been investigated: sunspace width, sunspace tilt angle, common wall material, glazed system, and ratio for an area of clear glass to tint glass. The best annual fit components have been 1.0 m in width, vertical glazed angle, brick common wall material, and electrochromic glazed system with seasonal control strategy (always off) in the clear state during winter and (always on) in tint state during summer. In Part Two, the space under investigation has been treated as one thermal zone with its fully glazed southern facade, and the glazed system has been conducted as the main variable. Copyright © 2020 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.

Post-traumatic stress, social, and physical health: A mediation and moderation analysis of Syrian refugees and Jordanians in a border community.

This study examined the mediating or moderating relationship of social health on physical health and post-traumatic stress symptoms among displaced Syrians and Jordanians at high risk for physical and mental health ailments. Frequency of mental health symptoms stratified by demographic factors was also explored. We hypothesized social health would mediate and/or moderate the relationship between physical and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). This cross-sectional study includes 598 adults between 18 and 75 years old recruited from three health centers in the city of Irbid, Jordan, 20 km away from the Syrian border. Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were measured through the primary care post-traumatic stress disorder checklist. Physical and social health were assessed through the Duke Health Profile. One-way ANOVA and independent samples T-tests examined mean scores of social health, PTSS, physical health stratified by age, gender, nationality, education level, and trauma exposure. Bivariate correlations explored the relationship between social health, PTSS, and physical health. PROCESS macro tested social health as a moderator and mediator on the association of the physical health and PTSS. Social health moderated and mediated the relationship between physical health and PTSS. Males reported (t = 2.53, p < .05) better physical health scores than females. Those who had less than a high school education reported lower social health (F = 13.83, p < .001); higher PTSS (F = 5.83, p < .001); and lower physical health (F = 5.76, p < .01) than more educated individuals. Syrians reported significantly higher PTSS (F = 4.13, p < .05) than Jordanians, however, there was no significant differences between nationality for physical or social health. Social health was positively associated with better physical health (r = 0.10, p < .01) and negatively with PTSS (r = -.293, p < .01). Our results support our primary hypothesis suggesting social health mediates and moderates PTSS and physical health. Secondary findings illustrate gender, educational, and income differences in physical health and PTSS. NCT03721848.

Linguistic Disorders for Basic Stage Students from Female Teachers Point of View in The Governorate of Irbid

Some students in the basic stage suffer from language disorders as language disorders become one of the most common learning difficulties that affect the academic level of many basic stage students. Hence, this study aims to identify the language disorders experienced by basic stage students from the teachers’ point of view. This study depends on the quantitative approach to prepare the theoretical framework, build the study’s appropriate tool to apply, analyze and interpret the results. To achieve the goals of the study, a questionnaire was developed for data collection, and its sincerity and consistency was confirmed. The questionnaire consists of 25 items; the study sample consists of 148 basic stage female teachers from the city of Irbid, Al Wasatia District. To answer the study questions, the arithmetic mean and standard deviations for linguistic disorders were calculated, and the results of the study showed that respondents' perceptions of linguistic disorders items came with an average degree. While the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences among students in the level of language disturbances from teachers’ point of view due to variables of age, educational qualification and grade of study, the study, however, showed that there are statistically significant differences due to years of experience variable.

Correlation of Blood Oxidative Stress Parameters to Indoor Radiofrequency Radiation: A Cross Sectional Study in Jordan.

Background: Electromagnetic pollution is a general health concern worldwide, as cell phone towers are ubiquitous and are located adjacent to or on the roof of schools, and hospitals. However, the health risks are still inconclusive. This cross-sectional study evaluated the potential effect of electromagnetic radiation generated from various resources including cell phone towers on blood glutathione S transferase activity (e-GST) and total antioxidant activity of the Jordanian population. Methods: The power density of three districts in the city of Irbid, Jordan was mapped to generate “outside the houses” and “inside the houses” maps. The effect of categorical variables (gender, using a cell phone, presence of Wi-Fi modem, previous exposure to medical imaging) and continuous variables (distance from the base station, the elevation of the house, the duration of stay in the house, power density outside houses, power density inside houses) on e-GST and total antioxidant activity were investigated. Results: The EMR generated outside the houses—including cell phone towers—did not reach inside the houses at the same power and had no significant influence on e-GST activity. The EMR inside the house, which primarily came from internal resources, has a significant effect on e-GST activity. The duration of stay inside the house, the use of cell phones, and the presence of a Wi-Fi modem had a proportional effect on e-GST activity. The total antioxidant activity was statistically equal between the tested and control groups. Conclusions: Several factors such as building materials restricted the penetration of EMR reaching inside the houses. EMR generated inside rather than outside the houses had a proportional effect on e-GST. The differences in e-GST were compensated successfully by other antioxidant mechanisms. Further research is needed to identify other possible sources of antioxidants, and to evaluate long-term effects and genetic polymorphism.

اتجــاهــات معلمـات الصفــوف الثــلاثــة الأولى نحو دمــج الطلبــة ذوی الإعـاقـة الحـرکیـة فـی المـدارس العـادیـة فـی مدینـة اربـد The attitudes of the first three grades towards the integration of students with motor disabilities in the regular schools in the city of Irbid

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على اتجاهات معلمات الصفوف الثلاثة الأولى تحدد مع الطلبة ذوي الاعاقة حرکية في الصفوف العادية في مدارس مدينة اربد، وبيان علاقة هذه الاتجاهات بکل من المؤهل العلمي وسنوات الخبرة وقد تکون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع معلمات الصفوف الثلاثة الأولى في مدارس مدينة اربد والبالغ عددهن (400 معلمة حسب إحصائية وزارة التربية والتعليم الأردنية). وقد اخترن بطريقة قصدية وقام الباحثان ببناء استبانة لقيام اتجاهات معلمات الصفوف الثلاثة الأولى کفرد مع الطلبة ذوي الإعاقة الحرکية في الصفوف العادية في مدارس مدينة اربد وقد تؤکد من صدق الأداة وثباتها باستخدام الإجراءات المناسبة. وقد أظهرت النتائج اتجاهات عينة الدراسة تحدد مع الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة الحرکية في المدارس العادية کانت إيجابية وأن هناک فروقا ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة الإحصائية (a = 0.05) تعزى لمتغيري المؤهل العلمي وسنوات الخبرة (10 سنوات فأکثر) في حين لم تظهر فروق تعزى لأثر التفاعل بين المؤهل العلمي وسنوات الخبرة. وقدم الباحثان عددا التوصيات في ضوء نتائج الدراسة. The objective of this study was to identify the attitudes of the first three grades teachers towards integrating with physical disabilities students in the ordinary schools in the city of Irbid in addition to measuring these attitudes with respect to the following variables: Degree credentials and years of work experience. The study population may be of all the teachers of the first three grades in the city of Irbid. The study sample consisted of 400 teachers according to statistics of the Jordanian ministry of education the difference was measured in terms of (coefficient a = 0.05) in favor of degree credentials and years of work experience. 10 years and more while no differences were shower due to the degree credentials and years of experience The sample of the study was chosen in a deliberate manner the researchers designed a questionnaire to measure. The attitudes of the first three grades teachers towards integrating of the physical disabilities students in the ordinary schools in the city of irbid. The reliability and volidity of the instrument used were satisfied using proper statistical procedures. The results revealed positive attitudes towards integrating students with physical disabilities in the ordinary schools sector with significant differences with respect to two variables in this study: degree credentials and years of work experience. The attitudes of the first three grades teachers towards integrating with physical disabilities students in the ordinary schools in the city of Irbid.

Linguistic Nuances of Arabic Spoken in the North of Jordan, Irbid Region

All major languages in the world have minor, categorical counterparts known as dialects. Although there exists one standardized version of the language, the dialects share features with that language that are common and some which are distinctly different. This paper talks about the linguistic dynamic extant amongst the population in the North Jordanian city of Irbid. Through a phonological, morpho-syntactic analysis of their speech in contrast with the so called standardized Jordanian, This paper attempts to discover certain feature distinctions in the North Jordanian speech and more specifically in the Arabic Spoken in Irbid region.

Emotional Self-Efficacy and Its Relationship to Stress Management in Married Couples in the City of Irbid In light of Two Variables (Gender and Marriage Duration

Emotional Self-Efficacy and Its Relationship to Stress Management in Married Couples in the City of Irbid In light of Two Variables (Gender and Marriage Duration

Evaluating the biochemical potential for Irbid’s food waste as a source for energy

ABSTRACT Solid waste generated from the city of Irbid is all directed to a local unlined landfill with no gas collection system. More than half of the waste stream is made of food waste which turns the landfill to a concentrated point source of greenhouse gases. To assess the impact that the landfill has at the moment on global warming and to evaluate the future value of the city’s waste as a source of biogas, 20 trucks of municipal solid waste were sampled. In addition, food waste samples from Irbid were collected from five different sources for 12 weeks to quantify their generation rates and to measure their components and chemical composition. Irbid’s solid waste was found to have a distinctively high biodegradable content 68%, which is typical of developing countries’ solid waste. Physical assessment showed that 38%, 6%, 33% and 23% of the food waste was rice, meat, fruits and vegetables, and bread, respectively. Measured methane yields for the volatile solids (VS) in rice, meat, fruits and vegetables, and bread were 362, 499, 352 and 375 mL/g VS, respectively. A representative food waste sample was created to test the actual methane yield and compare it to calculated one. Actual methane yield (414 mL/g VS) was greater than the calculated value (370 mL/g VS) based on food type proportions and their specific methane yield. To assess the anaerobic biodegradability of food waste, a stoichiometric calculation of the methane production was made based on the elemental analysis of all food waste elements. Food waste was found to have the chemical formula C7H16O5N and calculated methane potential of 447 mL/g VS; indicating 85% anaerobic biodegradability of food waste, which makes Irbid’s waste perceived as a valuable source of energy.