Basic Subsystems Research Articles

Стратегічне планування як спосіб здійснення державного управління

The article reveals the assumptions and main factors for the implementation of a system of state strategic planning in Ukraine as the key link in the process of public administration. The author shows a retrospective of the attempts to legislatively regulate relations in the field of strategic planning in Ukraine and obstacles to their implementation, as well as the practice of producing ersatz of such planning in the form of numerous programs and conceptual documents of various directions and areas of application that do not allow the executive branch to formulate and implement proactive policies for achieving national development goals, rational use of resources in the intended directions and sectors of national development. The article outlines the main aspects of the author's approach to building a model of strategic national planning as a basic subsystem of public administration, which allows to achieve the intended goals of nationally rooted development by creating mechanisms for coordinated and targeted efforts of all branches of executive power and to use the synergy of the planned regulatory and administrative influence of managerial decisions to achieve desirable results in conditions of war and modern challenges of globalization.

Transformation processes of infrastructural institutions of the national innovation system of Russia in the context of import substitution of innovations

At the present stage, the infrastructure institutions of the National Innovation System are being actively transformed, caused primarily by the instability of the geopolitical situation, economic and political sanctions against Russia carried out by the states of Western Europe and the United States. In this regard, in order to preserve and develop state technological sovereignty and further improve innovation policy, it is necessary to improve the institutional innovation infrastructure. The national innovation system, taking into account the transformational processes in the innovation market, has a special role in improving the institutions for ensuring innovation activity, consisting of their interconnected economic entities and institutional organizations that interact with each other in the process of creating innovations. The transformation processes of NIS infrastructure institutions represent transformations of the structure of the innovation economy, methods and forms, as well as the target orientation of integrated support for the development and production of innovations, representing the main development of innovation activity. The author notes in the article that the development of any system includes functional and structural transformation associated with the preservation of its basic functions and the stability of its activities. As certain changes accumulate, a transformation begins in the system, which includes: first, changes in quantitative and qualitative parameters, and later, as they accumulate and the properties of the system change, its transformation occurs due to qualitative changes in parameters, culminating in the creation of a new system. Currently, the transformation of the innovation infrastructure is aimed at the integration of foreign economic activity and the formation of conditions for the creation of their own innovative industries that do not depend on imported technologies and components. A specific feature of the integration infrastructure is that it is the basic subsystem of innovative industrial production. The proposed comprehensive approach to the implementation of transformational processes in the innovation infrastructure is based on the criteria of its formation: functional purpose, territorial structure, industry orientation in the production of innovations. The use of an integrated approach to infrastructure transformation makes it possible to identify current trends and trends in its development. A new scientific result is a model of transformation of the institutes of the innovation infrastructure of NIS, with a key object – the national innovation cluster, which is an analogue of NIS. Also, as new scientific results, the author introduces the following concepts: «network institutes» and «institutes of digital twins».

Measuring and Energizing Sensor System for Digital Signal Monitoring of an Academic-Experimental CubeSat for Wireless Telemetry Purposes.

Space technology for small satellites has made significant progress in the academic and industrial fields, and an alternative focused on educational institutions is the CubeSat standard, created to promote various scientific projects of space exploration. In this context, a fundamental module of any satellite is the telemetry subsystem, which controls the communication with the Earth through electronic circuits dedicated to remote communication; also, the measurement and power supply modules are integrated into a CubeSat. Its construction costs range from USD 2500 to 55,000, with suppliers from Europe and the United States. This motivates the development of the present project, aimed at an academic-experimental CubeSat-1U prototype, to limit this technological dependence, focusing on the measurement generated by the acceleration sensors, angular velocity, magnetic fields, barometric pressure, temperature and ultraviolet light intensity, and the energization of each of them. For this, the main objective of the research is to identify the four basic subsystems of the CubeSat-1U: (a) energization subsystem, (b) sensing subsystem, (c) transmission and reception subsystem, and (d) control subsystem. To describe in detail the construction of (a) and (b), a set of diagrams is performed, defining their operation and its interaction. To explain the subsystem's construction, the components selection and integration are presented. As a result, the electrical measurements generated by the power system, the output of the sensors in laboratory conditions, and images of the developed circuits are presented, having as a contribution to the methodology of design, integration, and development of the four subsystems, the feasibility of construction and its implementation in an academic satellite.

«Сознательно-товарищеские» начала организационно-управленческой модели А. Богданова

The publication is devoted to the consideration of theoretical foundations in the field of system socio-economic space, which is reflected in the works of Russian philosopher and encyclopedist Alexander Alexandrovich Bogdanov. Based on the concept of socially-organized experience, reflecting the basic principles about the laws of organization, acting in technology (organization of things), economy (organization of people), politics (organization of ideas), the article substantiates the idea of the special role of space and time, first proposed by A. Bogdanov in relation to economic systems in the context of the system economic theory. In this conceptual context the processes of search of new approaches and rethinking of theoretical capital Тs purpose of transformation of economic systems in the direction of increase of their efficiency are considered. One of such sources of national intellectual heritage are the works of Russian philosopher and encyclopedist Alexander Alexandrovich Bogdanov, which outlined the concept of socially organized experience, reflecting basic principles about the laws of organization, operating in technology (organization of things), economy (organization of people), politics (organization of ideas) and the need for their systemic study. Concept A. A. Bogdanov is the first scientific concept, which integrates ideas of cybernetics, general systems theory and synergetic. The author pays attention to A. A. Bogdanov’s attempt to generalize universal organizational laws, controlling the behavior and structure of fundamentally new complex systems, which is described as “general organizational science”. A. Bogdanov was outstanding – both for his time and contemporaneity - attempt of generalization of universal organizational laws, governing the behavior and structure of principally new complex systems. In the article the idea of the special role of space and time, which was first proposed by A. A. Bogdanov, is developed and developed in the article as applied to economic systems in the context of system economic theory, and the conceptual model of qualitative equilibrium interaction of basic economic subsystems is built. On the basis of the presented information model of economic system on the basis of A. A. Bogdanov’s doctrine leads to conclusions that this doctrine in combination with modern systematic economic theory might become the theoretical base of general economic analysis. The arguments in favor of revival of interest to understanding of A. A. Bogdanov’s ideas and, in particular, to understanding of “economy space” and to the concept of “conscious cooperation”, which can supplement or oppose the concept of competition. His basic ideas about society based on consciously comradely principles, which are of scientific interest in the context of regulation of bona fide and non-bona fide behavior of economic subjects, are also noted. The article allows us to approach the estimation of variety of Bogdanov’s ideas from different positions, leaving the possibility for each scientist to form his own view and approach to this process of rethinking of his many theses and instruments. This article on the pages of the journal opens a discussion platform for discussion and the search for scientific and scientific-applied ideas aimed at improving the efficiency of economic systems, the formation of modern concepts and organizational and management principles and mechanisms to improve and develop both economic entities and the economy as a whole.

Investigation of the intermetallic phase stabilities and phase equilibria in Cu-Co-Sm system. Part 1: Cu-Sm system

The binary Cu-Sm system is one of the basic sub-systems, necessary for the development of the materials used as permanent magnets. Nonetheless, there can be found numerous inconsistencies in the phase equilibria data for the system. The current work deals with the evaluation of the phase stabilities of the intermetallic phases in the system and phase equilibria in the Cu-Sm system with the DTA, SEM/EPMA and XRD methods. Cu6Sm and Cu5Sm have been found to express some homogeneity ranges. It was confirmed that CuSm is forming by a peritectic reaction, rather than by congruent melting. The updated phase equilibria data was summed up in a new version of the Cu-Sm phase diagram. The hardness of the Cu6Sm phase was found to be 335 ± 29 HV.

Семиотическое пространство характерологических колорем в эпических текстах (на материале старофранцузского, древнеанглийского и нартского эпоса)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms of color nominations semiotization in the representation of archetypal concepts in their dynamics. The analysis of the epic text as a specific space for interpreting the events of objective reality makes it possible to identify determinants in the hierarchy of the achromatic and chromatic subsystems of symbolic color designations. For the first time the dynamic characteristics of the development of the explicatory and semi-generative potential of coloremes are determined as special signs of marking textual positions for changing the interpretive code from the individual to the general cultural one. Based on a multi-aspect approach, including the techniques of interpretive, semiotic, conceptual and hermeneutic-noematic analysis, the authors explore the determination mechanisms of color representatives of meta-concepts in archaic and modern linguistic cultures (English, French and Karachay-Balkarian) by a vertical sociocultural context. The material of the study was the texts of the Old French epic, represented by its most representative form – chanson de geste, as well as the text of Nart sagas and Beowulf, in which the hierarchical organization of the achromatic-chromatic semiotic space is revealed. The authors identify the achromatic two-element code “white/black” as the dominant coloristic symbols in the epics. As a result of the study, the following coloratives marking the primary discretion of the world and the prototypical opposition of “friend or foe” were identified: in positive space – blanche, blican, акъ; within the derogation area – noir, hárne, къара. The authors refer contextually polar and perceptually close colorems ou, golde, алтын; rougez, reód, къызыл to the key verbalizers of the gradual scale of chromatic space in the semiotization process of the opposition “good – bad” in the epic text. On the interpretation of cultural noematics define two basic subsystems of the color naming semiotization – generalized personalized images and environmental codes. The semiotic space of color meanings structures the recipient’s noesis and introduces it into the general semiosis.

Intelligent controller for unmanned surface vehicles by deep reinforcement learning

With the development of the applications of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), USV automation technologies are attracting increasing attention. In the industry, through the subtask division, it is generally believed that course-keeping is a critical basic sub-system in a series of complex automation systems and affects USV automation performance to a great extent. By course-keeping, we mean USV adjusts its angle to the desired angle and keeps it. In recent decades, course-keeping has been mainly achieved through classical first principles technologies, such as proportion–integral–differential (PID) controllers, leading to extremely laborious parameter tuning, especially in changeable wave environments. With the emergence and extensive application of data-driven technologies, deep reinforcement learning is conspicuous in sequential decision-making tasks, but it introduces a lack of explainability and physical meaning. To take full advantage of the data-driven and first principles paradigm and easily extend to the industry, in this paper, we propose an intelligent adaptive PID controller enhanced by proximal policy optimization (PPO) to achieve USV high-level automation. We then further verify its performance in path-following tasks compared with the PID controller. The results demonstrate that the proposed controller inherits the merits of explainability from PID and excellent sequential decision making from PPO and possesses excellent disturbance rejection performance when facing the disturbance of a changeable wave environment.

МЕТОДИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ОЦІНКИ КОНКУРЕНТНОГО ІМУНІТЕТУ РЕГІОНУ

The article examines existing approaches to assessing the competitive immunity of the region. The article proposes and examines in detail the author's methodical approach to assessing the competitive immunity of the region. In the course of the study of sustainable competitive immunity of the region, three basic subsystems of the analysis were summarized and defined: socio-economic component, industrial component and ecological-resource component. A conceptual scheme of factors influencing the competitive immunity of the region is presented. An algorithm for assessing the level of competitive immunity of the region is presented. The article proposes a system of indicators for assessing the level of competitive immunity of the region relative to the specified subsystems. According to the proposed model, it is proposed to carry out an integral assessment of the level of competitive immunity in the studied region on the basis of the obtained values of complex indicators from the socio-economic, industrial and ecological-resource subsystems. The integral indicator of the assessment of the level of competitive immunity in the proposed system is determined by the product of the indices of changes in the criteria of a set of socio-economic, industrial and environmentalresource indicators. It is advisable to interpret the obtained results of the integrated assessment of the level of competitive immunity taking into account the established limits of permissible values presented in the work. The article presents the types of competitive immunity of the region: unhealthy immunity, moderate immunity and healthy immunity. By «healthy» competitive immunity of the region, we understand its composition and level of development, which ensures the effective functioning of the region and ensures a high competitive position among other regions. By «moderate» competitive immunity of the region, we understand its composition and level at which the region is characterized by minor signs of an unstable state. «Unhealthy» competitive immunity of the region is such a composition and level of development that do not allows or hinder the effective functioning of the region.

Excitation of a rectangular resonator through communication windows in the conveyor installation of microwave heating

Abstract Based on the excitation theory of L.A. Vainstein obtained simple and convenient iterative relations for excitation of a resonator in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with a dielectric layer through several coupling windows in its walls. Theexpansion of the field in terms of the complete system of solenoidal functions of a rectangular resonator is used. Solenoidality is due to the fact that the electric fields of excitation in the openings of rectangular waveguides on the resonator walls, fed through coaxial-waveguide transitions, are tangent to the boundaries of the heated dielectric layer. Simple formulas for expansion coefficients and calculation of fields are obtained. It is convenient to solve the obtained implicit formulas iteratively; in this case, it is possible to take into account both a linear dielectric and a nonlinear dielectric, the permittivity of which depends on the square of the electric field. The algorithm is implemented to simulate a conveyor installation of microwave heating. It is possible to modify the algorithm by introducing potential basic subsystems of functions for the case of modeling complex dielectric inclusions. The results are suitable for modeling other nonlinear inclusions, as well as in problems when using volumetric given sources instead of surface ones. For given electric fields in the coupling windows, the power entering the resonator is calculated on the basis of the Poynting vector.

CanSat design and implementation for remote sensing applications

With the increasing potential of satellite technology, it becomes crucial to learn its principles and develop the basic satellite subsystems for the undergraduate level. Working on a real satellite is a challenging target and requires a solid technical background. In contrast, less complex models, such as CanSat, CubSat and HeptaSat, introduce basic ideas to the undergraduate studies level. This paper presents the CanSat design and implementation for remote sensing applications such as measuring the CO2 level in contaminated areas. The CanSat has the size of a soft drink can and simulates the subsystems of the satellite (e.g., payload, power, communication, onboard computer, and structural). Its mission was to be released from a certain altitude and send real-time data to the ground station during landing. The design process was elucidated at the subsystem level. It included the mission requirements and specifications, component selection, and software and hardware design. Arduino nano was utilised as an onboard computer. A printed Circuit Board (PCB) was designed using Diptrace© to connect the electronic components to Arduino Nano. Xbee was used as a communication module to send the collected data to the host computer. This data was visualised in real-time by LabView©.

Assessment of the Sustainability of the Resource-Based Province Shanxi, China Using Emergy Analysis

According to the BP Statistical Yearbook of World Energy, China’s coal production and consumption have ranked first in the world in recent years. Shanxi, a central China province, plays an important role in China’s energy supply because of its large coal reserves, long mining history, and high output. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sustainability of the eco-economic system in Shanxi Province, a typical resource-based region. Through emergy analysis, this study quantified the sustainable development of the eco-economic system in Shanxi Province from 2013 to 2020 from five dimensions: basic emergy quantity, social subsystem, economic subsystem, environmental subsystem, and capacity for sustainable development. The results show that Shanxi Province has made great progress in recent years in terms of the emergy value of renewable resources, per capita emergy consumption, and electricity emergy ratio, but the proportion of nonrenewable emergy is still large, the intensity of emergy is high, and the exchange rate of emergy is low. Lastly, the sustainable development indicators ESI and EISD reflect that Shanxi Province is gradually improving the utilization efficiency of resources, and Shanxi Province has achieved certain results after experiencing transition pains. This study, combined with the actual situation of Shanxi Province and the problems found, puts forward corresponding countermeasures. The analysis method used in this study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific evaluation of the sustainable development of a resource-based region, and the research results have profound practical significance for improving the quality of Shanxi’s economic development and helping Shanxi’s economic transformation.

Cognitive motivations and foundations for building intelligent decision-making systems

Concepts based on psychology fit well with current research trends related to robotics and artificial intelligence. Biology-inspired cognitive architectures are extremely useful in building agents and robots, and this is one of the most important challenges of modern science. Therefore, the widely viewed and far-reaching goal of systems research and engineering is virtual agents and autonomous robots that mimic human behavior in solving known and unknown problems. The article proposes, at a high level of generality, an operational cybernetic model of the human mind, developed with the use of carefully selected ideas taken from psychological knowledge. In particular, the work combines extensive knowledge drawn from both the theory of developmental cognitive psychology and the theory of motivation. The proposed mathematically developed operating blocks create a coherent and functional decision-making system containing all the elements necessary in autonomous robotics. The ISD system is under development. There is still a long way to go to full validation. However, as shown in several articles, the basic subsystems of the ISD system, i.e. motivational and emotional, have already been positively verified in operation. The overall purpose of this article is to show a blueprint of the overall concept of the entire ISD.

Law and the Pandemic: The Lessons of the Crisis.

The COVID-19 pandemic is exerting pressure on law and order, testing the strength of their basic elements and subsystems. It is transforming positive law and system-forming processes in the legal sphere, which ensure the functioning of the legal organization of society developed in the prepandemic period. The pandemic affects it indirectly, having a transformative effect on the mechanisms for exercising public power, law formation, and law implementation, including law enforcement. During the pandemic, human rights, which were not previously positioned in this capacity, have acquired absolute importance. Among them is the right to health protection and proper medical care. Along with this, special legal regimes and many legal institutions of both public and private law have been modernized, and new legal models and practices have been tested that are suitable not only for regulating social relations in extraordinary conditions but also for creating law and order in postpandemic society. Some of them have already been implemented into ordinary legislation. The doctrine recorded a growing multifunctionality of some legal means, as well as the emergence of new legal phenomena, in particular, antipandemic legislation. According to the authors of this article, to respond effectively to emergency situations, it is necessary to expand the existing variable scenarios of legal regulation and create appropriate regulatory templates, algorithms, and procedures for the activities of public authorities, as well as the scopes of their competence in the event of such situations. For Russian law and order, it is relevant in this context to systematize the legal basis of special legal regimes designed for crisis situations with account for the correction made, as well as to develop scientific criteria for differentiating the corresponding regimes.

ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ДИНАМІЧНА МОДЕЛЬ УПРАВЛІННЯ СЕРВІСНИМ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯМ ПРАЦЕЗДАТНОСТІ ЗЕРНОЗБИРАЛЬНИХ КОМБАЙНІВ

Purpose of the study is to substantiate the information-dynamic management model of service restoration of grain harvesters. The practical result will be the formation of Smart-technology engineering management to ensure the efficiency of combine harvesters. Research methods. The methodological basis of the work is the generalization and analysis of known scientific results on information and dynamic models of management of service recovery of complex technical systems, and in particular combine harvesters, and the use of a systems approach. Analytical method and comparative analysis were used to form a scientific problem, determine the purpose and set research objectives. The main provisions of the theory of systems engineering, methodology of systems analysis and research on the theory of graphs were used in the creation of empirical models. The results of the study. The article considered data that have statistical reliability as unimodal and correspond to one of the known laws of distribution of random variables according to Pearson's criterion. After forming a set of controlled unimodal parameters, the analysis of their mutual influence was performed to achieve the following goals: checking the independence of selected parameters, identifying patterns between parameters, determining the order of use of model parameters.From the calculated data of losses of the coefficient of technical readiness of combine harvesters it follows that 40.3 % of losses of the coefficient of technical readiness are due to downtime waiting for maintenance and repair of combine harvesters and waiting for sending to restore the combine harvester, maintenance and repair coefficient of technical readiness of 32.5 %. The largest loss of the readiness factor for all types of maintenance and repairs is accounted for by the second number of maintenance 9.5 %, unplanned repairs together with the expectation of unplanned repairs and waiting for shipment is 25.2 % of the loss of technical readiness due to low reliability of the studied combine harvesters. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted researches new scientifically substantiated technical and technological decisions and developments which are directed on increase of restoration production processes functioning efficiency of combine harvesters working capacity in the agricultural enterprises are received. As a result of the analysis of the object of study and world experience in the organization of production processes, the basic functional subsystems that should be part of the proposed model are identified. Organization of monitoring the operation and technical condition of combine harvesters: collecting information on the operation of combine harvesters, modes of operation of combine harvesters and technical condition of onboard ISU, as well as (in case of lack of information) from stationary and portable automated technical diagnostic systems used in service. The structure of the proposed information-dynamic model of service recovery management of combine harvesters has characteristic differences from modern innovative approaches, in terms of focusing on the implementation of Smart-technology engineering management to ensure the efficiency of combine harvesters. Key words: restoration, coefficient of technical readiness, combine harvester, reliability, efficiency, repair.

Conceptual Study and Development of an Autonomously Operating, Sailing Renewable Energy Conversion System

With little time left for humanity to reduce climate change to a tolerable level, a highly scalable and rapidly deployable solution is needed that can be implemented by any country. Offshore wind energy in international waters is an underused resource and could even be harnessed by landlocked countries. In this paper, the use of sailing wind turbines operating autonomously in high seas to harvest energy is proposed. The electrical energy that is generated by the wind turbine is converted to a renewable fuel and stored onboard. Later, the fuel will be transferred to shore or to other destinations of use. The presented idea is explored at the system level, where the basic subsystems necessary are identified and defined, such as energy conversion and storage as well as propulsion subsystems. Moreover, various operating possibilities are investigated, including a comparison of different sailing strategies and fuels for storage. Existing ideas are also briefly addressed and an example concept is suggested as well. In this paper, the proposed sailing renewable energy conversion system is explored at a higher level of abstraction. Following up on this conceptual study, more detailed investigations are necessary to determine whether the development of such a sailing renewable energy conversion system is viable from an engineering, economic, and environmental point of view.

PRINCIPLES, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ECONOMIC APPROACH TO OPTIMIZATION OF NATURE MANAGEMENT AND NATURE PROTECTION OF PODILLIA REGION

The approaches to the formation of econet relations in Ukraine in the context of the Pan-European strategy for the preservation of biotic and landscape diversity are considered. The basic contradictions in the system of econet relations are highlighted. The essence of the eco-network approach is highlighted on the basis of the materials of the national and regional econet. The polystructurality of econet is noted, their environmental, nature-supporting, and recreational subsystems are analyzed. The identification of the basic elements of the econet should take place against the background of landscape zoning schemes of the territory, so that the natural systems of each landscape region are represented by at least one key territory. Created systems of computer-cartographic models of the Podillya econet and its components; algorithms for multivariate analysis of the NRO and the design of environmental systems of the Podillia region, in which the spatial boundaries of 41 key territories are justified, which will represent the biotic and landscape diversity of 33 landscape areas, areas of connecting territories and their buffer zones. 24 key areas represent landscapes of the zone of deciduous forests; 15 - landscapes of the forest-steppe zone and 2 key territories are confined to the zone of mixed forests. The peculiarities of the eco-network include its complexity and polystructurality with basic nature conservation, nature support and recreational subsystems with a differentiated regime of nature management of the main elements.
 In accordance with the principle of landscape polystructurality, within the territory, it is possible to distinguish landscape territorial structures (LTS) of various types, depending on the structure-forming relations, taken as the basis of this integration. From an environmental point of view, the biocentric-network landscape structure forms the relationship between the areas of natural vegetation (biocenter) and their anthropogenized environment. At the same time, the territorial confinement of biocenters, their compliance with the optimal sizes, functional features, the nature and directions of interrelationships to ensure sustainable functioning were analyzed.
 A complex combination of different-ranked network elements forms spatial polyfunctional storage systems for biotic and landscape diversity. Within the framework of these systems, several types of eco-transforming nodes (EFN) are distinguished: (EFNnl) at the national level, (EFNrl) at the regional level, (EFNll) at the local level. The created schematic map of the biocentric network LTS demonstrates that its elements do not completely cover the territory of the landscape, but form the natural frame of the territory, significantly reduces the probability of population degradation, and reduces the dependence on sharp edaphic changes in individual biocenters. This framework is the basis of the environmental protection and nature-supporting system of the region.
 Key words: eco-network approach, Podillia region, regional eco-network, biocentric-network structure, environmental system.

Exergoeconomic analysis and optimization of a novel integrated two power/cooling cogeneration system using zeotropic mixtures

This work deals with an exergoeconomic analysis for a new integrated power/cooling cogeneration system using zeotropic mixtures as working fluids with two levels of cooling temperature. The proposed system is comprised of two combined ejector refrigeration and power (CERP) cycles with different configurations using geothermal energy as the heat source. One subsystem is a conventional CERP system called basic subsystem and the other one is a CERP system employing a vapor-liquid separator called the bottoming subsystem. These subsystems are connected via a cascade heat exchanger in a parallel mode. The results of the parametric study show that geofluid mass fraction (that indicates the amounts of the mass flow rate of geofluid served thermal energy for basic and bottoming subsystems) has the biggest effect on the proposed system in comparison to other operating parameters. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization with energy and exergy efficiencies and overall unit cost of products as objective functions is carried out for both basic and integrated CERP systems. The results of the comparison study for optimized systems show a significant performance improvement for the proposed system in comparison to the basic system. In this case, for the integrated CERP system, energy and exergy efficiencies increase by 3.88% and 4.76%, respectively, while the overall unit cost of products increases by 0.96 $ GJ−1, in comparison to the basic CERP system.

A Secure Platform Model Based on ARM Platform Security Architecture for IoT Devices

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices comes with many challenges among which security is one of the most serious issues. In order to address the security issue for low-end IoT devices, ARM recently proposed the platform security architecture (PSA), which provides execution isolation to safely manage and protect the computing resources of low-end IoT devices. However, developers implementing IoT services for PSA-based IoT devices need to follow complex development procedures and understand the PSA hardware, which dramatically increases the development time and cost of PSA-based IoT devices. This article analyzes vulnerabilities that may arise from general-purpose low-end IoT devices to derive the security requirements and essential security services for PSA-based IoT devices, and proposes a secure platform model based on the analysis results. The proposed secure platform model consists of System Security Services and Application Security Services based on the basic PSA model and essential trusted subsystems, and it is designed to be flexible and applicable to various types of PSA-based IoT devices. In addition, it provides secure platform services APIs to enable easy and fast development of IoT services. To evaluate the proposed secure platform model, two proof-of-concept implementations are provided by using both the basic PSA model with secure element (SE) and a reference device for ARM’s PSA. Finally, a case study shows that the development of IoT services can be done easily and quickly using the proposed security platform model.

Performance Appraisal Management System of University Administrators Based on Hybrid Cloud

Aiming at the problems of poor functionality, high occupancy, and low real-time performance of the currently designed performance appraisal management system for university administrators, a performance appraisal management system for university administrators based on hybrid cloud is designed. According to the characteristics of hybrid cloud technology, the overall functional requirements and feasibility of the system are analyzed, and the assessment scheme of administrative personnel according to the provisions of relevant documents is analyzed. The performance appraisal index system is designed using an analytic hierarchy process. Using the hybrid cloud architecture and B/S mode based on each component as a service model and J2EE development framework, the basic information management subsystem of administrative personnel, performance appraisal information management subsystem, information analysis and data mining subsystem, and platform system management subsystem are developed. Using XML technology and database technology, the system is integrated with the performance appraisal management system of administrators in colleges and universities. Through the design of data flow diagram and E-R diagram, the design of performance appraisal management system for university administrators based on hybrid cloud is realized. The experimental results show that the proposed method has good functionality, can effectively reduce the system occupancy, and can improve the real-time performance of the system.

Cluster Enterprise Comprehensive Risk Assessment: Methodology Based on the Functional-Target Approach

The effectiveness of the unification of enterprises in the cluster is also associated with high uncertainty and risks. Thus, the development of theoretical approaches and methodological instruments for efficient risk management of enterprises under the conditions of cluster association is an urgent scientific task. The methodology of a comprehensive risk assessment of the cluster enterprise is based on the use of the approach for building a functional-target model of a cluster enterprise, and is reduced to the search for a response to the question: can an event change the value of a providing indicator in such a way that this will lead to a deterioration in the resulting indicator in each enterprise subsystem? Based on the results of forecasting external risks, it was established that the group of state and global risks, in particular, political, territorial and financial, is characterized by significant threats for the next 5 years for the studied cluster enterprises. We proposed and tested a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the risks of cluster enterprises, based on a functional-target approach, according to which a cluster enterprise as a socio-economic system is considered as a set of three basic subsystems: management, production and financial and economic.