Basic Subsystems Research Articles

The Decomposition Method in Issues of Researching Electric-Power Systems with Dry Friction

Electrical engines are widespread in all areas of industry and technology. Electrical actuators are widely used as an actuating motor regulating the interconnected controls of different machines. Increased demands for precision in interconnected controls make it very important to consider dry friction in the executive mechanism. The consideration of dry friction in a mathematical model of an automatic system considerably complicates its analysis. In all known practical cases of research into such issues, the research is carried out by means of computing or analytically, but using a considerably simplified model of the dry-friction law. This simplified presentation does not allow one to uncover and understand the true (or apparent) reasons for loss of stability in a system accompanied by friction self-oscillations of different kinds (periodical, chaotic etc.). The decomposition method of parameter space presented in the current work allows investigation of nonautonomous nonlinear multivariable systems via basic subsystems (both linear and nonlinear) that have a lower-order state space and are amenable to strict analysis.

Performance improvement of combined organic Rankine-vapor compression cycle using serial cascade evaporation in the organic cycle

This paper describes an improvement solution for ORC-VCC systems. The solution consists in using cascade evaporation in the ORC subsystem in order to increase its power on the expander shaft. The heat source is divided into high temperature and low temperature ranges, a solution allowing the utilization of all kinds of heat sources which are at different temperature levels. The paper also discusses performance of hydrocarbon refrigerants in such systems. The performance of the system using a cascade evaporation in the ORC subsystem are compared to those using a basic ORC subsystem

Integral Communication Tool

An integral communication tool is producing a coherent message while attempting to achieve synergy among different types of communicators. By encouraging a purposeful dialogue and automatic exchange of relevant information, these kinds of tools can improve our mutual understanding, cooperation, collaboration and competitiveness. The main problem in collaboration is finding compatible partners, friends and people (with similar interests) with whom we can build long-term relationships in different fields of life, such as family relations, education and leisure. The same applies to all economic activities. The authors find a solution to this problem in the development of an integral communication tool that has the three main objectives: self-improvement, relationship improvement and qualitative improvement of collaboration. By analyzing the requirements of potential users, the authors have developed a conceptual model of an integral communication tool that explains its basic functions, subsystems and information connections.

МЕХАНІЗМ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ РЕГІОНУ: СУТНІСТЬ, СКЛАДОВІ, НАПРЯМИ ДІЇ

The essence of the concept of «security of the region» is discussed. It substantiates the role and importance of economic security in the processes of regional development. Basic subsystems of economic security within the hierarchical structure of the security system are outlined. Decomposition of levels and kinds within the category of «economic security» is carried out. Indicators for determination of number of hierarchical levels and types of economic security at each level under conditions of globalization are defined. The evaluation of the security of the country was conducted. It revealed the regions that are in a state of safety and danger. Regional features of social and economical development are determined. Various between social and economical development of regions in their safety are shown. The mechanisms to ensure security of the country regions were suggested.

A stochastic dynamic model to evaluate the influence of economy and well-being on unemployment control

This paper presents a stochastic dynamic mathematical model to study the evolution of the unemployment rate and other relevant related variables in a country. This model is composed by three basic interrelated subsystems: demographic, economic and well-being ones. A key aspect of this model is that it considers three UN well-being variables simultaneously: Human Development Index, Gender Empowerment Index and Gender Differentiation Index. These variables involve key concepts for human development, as Health, Education, Economy and Female Labor. With this model, the most outstanding variables found in the literature in relation with unemployment control can be used to design strategies and scenarios to reduce the unemployment rate in the future. The model has been fitted for the case of Spain in the 2002–2014 period, the largest one with information about all the variables involved in the model. Finally, several tentative scenarios and strategies have been tested to reduce the unemployment rate in Spain in the horizon of year 2025, and the corresponding forecast evolution of the Gender Differentiation Index, National income per capita, Public debt and the ratio between Public debt and Gross domestic product are shown.

Underwater ROV as Inspection and Development Platform

The successful business technical cooperation between the University of Split and the company PLOVPUT LLC yields a very usable, lightweight, maneuverable underwater Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV). The ROV is capable of diving down to 150 m depth. It can carry different remote controlled sensors and tools, and resolve challenging tasks. Primarily ROV’s usage is to inspect underwater electrical installation. It is equipped with HD camera and LED lights. An umbilical cable is used to transfer data and electrical power from the surface to the underwater vehicle. The position control was realized using inexpensive PS2 joystick console. ROV’s development was mostly carried out by the students of the University of Split (UNIST). The mechanical and electrical subsystems were built and tested at UNIST laboratories. In this paper, ROV mechanical and electrical systems are outlined and basic subsystems are presented.

Negative effective mass in acoustic metamaterial with nonlinear mass-in-mass subsystems

In this paper the dynamics of the nonlinear mass-in-mass system as the basic subsystem of the acoustic metamaterial is investigated. The excitation of the system is in the form of the Jacobi elliptic function. The corresponding model to this forcing is the mass-in-mass system with cubic nonlinearity of the Duffing type. Mathematical model of the motion is a system of two coupled strong nonlinear and nonhomogeneous second order differential equations. Particular solution to the system is obtained. The analytical solution of the problem is based on the simple and double integral of the cosine Jacobi function. In the paper the integrals are given in the form of series of trigonometric functions. These results are new one. After some modification the simplified solution in the first approximation is obtained. The result is convenient for discussion. Conditions for elimination of the motion of the mass 1 by connection of the nonlinear dynamic absorber (mass - spring system) are defined. In the consideration the effective mass ratio is introduced in the nonlinear mass-in-mass system. Negative effective mass ratio gives the absorption of vibrations with certain frequencies. The advantage of the nonlinear subunit in comparison to the linear one is that the frequency gap is significantly wider. Nevertheless, it has to be mentioned that the amplitude of vibration differs from zero for a small value. In the paper the analytical results are compared with numerical one and are in agreement.

Distinctive Features Of The Integrable Nonlinear Schrodinger System On A Ribbon Of Triangular Lattice

The dynamics of an integrable nonlinear Schr¨odinger system on a triangular-lattice ribbon is shown to be critical against the value of background parameter regulated by the limiting values of concomitant fields. Namely at the critical point, the number of basic field variables is reduced by half and the Poisson structure of the system becomes degenerate. On the other hand, outside the critical point, the form of Poisson structure turns out to be an essentially nonstandard one, and the meaningful procedure of its standardization leads inevitably to the breaking of the mutual symmetry between the standardized basic subsystems. There are two possible realizations of such an asymmetric standardization, each giving rise to a total suppression of field amplitudes in one of the standardized basic subsystems at the critical value of background parameter. In the undercritical region the standardized basic field amplitudes acquire the meaning of probability amplitudes of some nonequivalent intracell bright excitations, whereas in the overcritical region such an interpretation is proven to be incorrect. A proper analysis shows that the overcritical region could be thought as the region of coexistence between the standardized subsystems of bright and dark excitations.

TRADITIONAL PHYSICAL CULTURE OF BELARUSIANS

Relevance. The study of the history of physical culture makes it possible to reveal the laws of its development, the relationship with socio-political and economic factors. The aim of the research is to substantiate the essence, types and structure of the traditional physical culture of Belarusians. Results of the Research. Traditional physical culture has been the main type of physical culture of the Belarusian people for about a thousand years. It is regarded as the activity of the society aimed at the formation, development and support of the physical qualities of a person with the goal of educating the personality of an owner, a protector of the family, and the clan. Conclusions. Traditional physical culture includes the following basic subsystems: general physical culture, professionally applied physical culture, remedial fitness, social institutions of the physical culture, spiritual values of physical culture and it performed world-view, aesthetic, communicative, and transformative functions.

Symmetry-broken canonizations of the semi-discrete integrable nonlinear Schrödinger system with background-controlled inter-site coupling

The integrable system of nonlinear Schrödinger type consisting of two mutually symmetric basic subsystems and one concomitant subsystem given on a ribbon of triangular lattice is characterized by the highly nonstandard form of Poisson structure. The fact of system criticality against the positive semi-definite background parameter provides us the clue how to organize the nonlinear point transformation ensuring the canonization of field variables. Precisely it allows to introduce two subsets of mutually symmetric intermediate (auxiliary) field variables and to involve one or another of them into a rational procedure of canonization realizable already in terms of two mutually asymmetric subsets of field amplitudes. There are two variants of system asymmetric standardization (namely, the minus-asymmetric and plus-asymmetric ones) emanated from the two-leg structure of underlying space lattice of the primary (noncanonical) nonlinear system. Either of the two asymmetrically standardized nonlinear systems consists of two canonical subsystems which can be referred to as the strong and the weak ones. The strong subsystem is the subsystem of bright nonlinear excitations on the whole admissible interval of the background parameter. In contrast the type of nonlinear excitations in the weak subsystem depends on the chosen domain of the background parameter. Thus in the under-critical region of the background parameter, the weak subsystem behaves as the subsystem of bright excitations while in the over-critical region it turns into the subsystem of dark excitations. Moreover in the very critical point, the field amplitudes of weak subsystem shrink to zero and the canonical system as the whole is reduced to the single strong subsystem. The general results concerning both minus-asymmetric and plus-asymmetric standardizations are confirmed analytically by means of the system multi-component one-soliton solution.

Automation system for the large solar vacuum telescope

The architecture, composition, specific features of operation, and technical characteristics of an automated control system of the Large Solar Vacuum Telescope of the Baikal astrophysical observatory are considered. The system is used for automation of both the observation process (automatic telescope guiding to the Sun, selection of a needed region in the solar disk image, guiding based on prescribed coordinates, and video monitoring of the basic subsystems of the telescope) and the auxiliary operations (evacuation, siderostat mirror unloading, and dome control).

The Effect of the Family Training Program on Married Women’s Couple-Burnout Levels

The most basic subsystem of a family maybe accepted the spouses, which consist of a woman and a man. The health of this system affects all members of the family. It is not likely that couples who cannot succeed in being spouses can healthily perform other functions related to the family.These days, choosing a spouse is left up to the individual. Also, the ideas that the most essential factors in spouse selection are romantic love and that life will gain meaning when an individual finds his or her soulmate as a pursuit of one's most humane right are imposed on individuals through various channels. Although not for every marriage, a high number of women and men who are fascinated by romantic love still get married with the irresistible happiness and high expectation of finding their soulmate, and this cannot be ignored. When the magic of romantic love is lost over time, their life loses the meaning they assumed their soulmates had given them. They are left alone with serious disappointment and feelings of burnout (Pines, 1996, 2010).Burnout in couples is a sorrowful state that devastates individuals who had expected that romantic love would give meaning to their lives. It manifests itself physically, emotionally, and mentally, such as not being able to enjoy the relationship, continuously feeling physically tired, and believing that problems will remain forever unresolved. Moreover, those affected by burnout are not only the individuals themselves, but also their families and social relationships. Burnout is a highly destructive state that affects all areas of an individual's life with feelings of continuous stress, hopelessness, despair, and entrapment that burnout causes (Babaoglan, 2006; Pines, 1996; Pines & Aronson, 1988).On the other hand, couple burnout may provide positive contributions to couples in two respects. First, it indicates an aspect of the relationship that needs to end in order to prepare for a new beginning; second, it is a turning point for couples who want to save their marriage (Pines, 1996). Coping with burnout is possible by turning the problems that occur within the marriage relationship into an opportunity. According to Pines (2010), it is necessary to enable couples to develop awareness regarding the aspects they had found attractive in each other before marriage and the aspects that currently cause problems, empathetic attitudes, communication skills, healthy dialogue between couples, and certain behavioral changes that would appeal to one another. Obviously, relationship dynamics are of utmost importance in order to be able to cope with couple burnout. The common point shared by couples who can lead long-term, loving relationships is that they hold on and make effort in their marriages. While this awareness occurs at the beginning of the relationship in some couples, it is gained at later stages in others (Pines, 1996). In this regard, gaining new skills to strengthen the relationship is the best weapon for couples to be able to cope with couple burnout. These skills can be increased through training programs about couple relationships. Several marriage-relationship training programs of a preventive nature have been developed that aim to strengthen the relationship between couples and to teach skills for preventing problems. These programs enrich the marriage relationship and increase the quality of marriage (Kalkan, 2002). The content of these programs consists of topics such as communication skills, conflict resolution, changing dysfunctional behaviors, and role sharing (Busby, Larson, Holman, & Halford, 2015; Cavedo & Guerney, 1999; Gottman & Gottman, 1999; Kalkan & Ersanli, 2009; L'Abate & Sloan, 1984; L'Abate & Weinstein, 1987; Landhausser, Faas, & Treptow, 2014; Wampler & Sprenkle, 1980; Wilde & Doherty, 2012). This content, which aims to provide couples with new skills, may contribute to married individuals' ability to cope with couple burnout. …

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CAM SYSTEM SOFTWARE AT BLAST FURNACE PLANT

The requirements, structure and architecture of an automated workplace «The technologist of domain shop», computer system of support of decision-making of the MES-level, introduced in CAM system at blast furnace plant of OJSC «Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Work» are considered. The short description of the basic modeling subsystems, and also the assumptions accepted in the course of mathematical modeling is presented. The use of the developed system allows the engineering-technological personnel operatively to carry out the analysis of industrial situations of blast-furnace shop, to decide a number of technological problems of management of thermal, gas dynamic and slag modes of blast-furnace smelting, and also to make calculation of optimum structure iron-ore materials, that finally provides the increase of technical and economic indicators of work of blast-furnace manufacture.

Investigation of Transient Phenomena in the Machine Aggregate with Gear Transmission

The main focus of contribution is analysis of impact of selected parameters real gearing on dynamics of machine aggregate with gearing transmission. From point of gearing a lot of factors influence on the dynamics of the machine aggregate. The internal ones are mainly the choice of gearing basic parameters, material, production technology, accuracy of toothing and gearing clearance, but deformations, production accuracy, wear and working environment. Specifically, the electromechanical system consisting from direct-current motor and mechanical gearbox with gearing clearance is solved. Analysed machine aggregate coming out from fundamental dynamic model, composed from basic subsystems: source, gearing and driven mechanism, an impact to gearing and a mutual relation between gearing and the rest of system are looked for.

Reverse Task of Mechanical System with Active Reduction of Vibration

The main purpose of this work is the presentation reverse task of mechanical systems including active elements. This reserve task is known as synthesis of mechanical system. In result of conducted synthesis was received structures and parameters of a discrete model meeting the defined requirements concerning the dynamic features of the system, in particular, the frequency spectrum. The presented approach i.e. a non-classical synthetic method applied in designing mechanical or mechatronical systems, one (as early as at the design and construction stage) may verify future systems. The aim of this paper is also analysis of obtained system to check relationship between basic system and active subsystem reduction vibrations. This active subsystem was consisted from electric elements. In this paper was used a non-classical method of polar graphs and their relationship with algebra of structural numbers. The use of such a method enables the analysis and synthesis of mechanical systems irrespective of the type and number of the elements of such a system. Active elements give better results (in compare with passive elements) in case of reduction of low frequency vibrations. Presented approach simplifies the process of selecting the dynamical parameters of systems in view of their dynamical characteristics. Thanks to the approach, introduced in this paper, can be conducted as early as during the designing of future functions of the system as well as during the construction of the system. Using method and obtained results can be value for designers of mechanical systems with elements reducing vibrations.

Automated Rating of Financial and Economic Condition of Companies

The ratings-based approach to assessment of financial and economic condition of companies was analyzed from the perspective of multiple-criteria selection. The author specifies basic problems to be solved when making integral ratings: selection of the compromise principle and relevant optimality principle; accounting for priorities of the criteria; criteria normalization. The article analyzes one of the most widespread compromise principles of ratings—the principle of fair compromise, which solves the problem of multiple criteria in a radical way through convolution of relevant set of criteria into a single integral criterion. The procedure, which is based on the hierarchical analysis method and some auxiliary computing procedures, which allow to make point and interval assessments of indicators of companies’ financial and economic condition, is suggested for hierarchical synthesis of the integral rating. The author considers the procedure application chart, which was brought up to the level of implementation. Automated application was made on the MS Excel tabular processor platform using VBA, and such automated application includes three basic functional subsystems: source data import subsystem; subsystem for assessment of the companies’ financial and economic condition; the companies’ ratings generation subsystem. The suggested solution may be used as a prototype of a commercial automated system, which allows the customer to specify requirements in respect of the created system, and which allows the developer to adjust its functionality, with direct involvement of system users for this purpose. The developed prototype was tested on the data of six real single-industry companies. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s4p297

Automatic control software for the blast-furnace shop

The requirements, structure, and architecture of the Tekhnolog Domennogo Tsekha (TDT) workstation in the decision-making support system at the MES level are considered. This workstation forms part of the automatic control system for blast-furnace production at OAO Magnitogorskii Metallurgicheskii Kombinat. The basic model subsystems are briefly described, and the assumptions on which simulation is based are specified. By means of the system developed, the engineering staff may analyze the conditions in the blast-furnace shop in real time, solve technological problems relating to the control of thermal, gasdynamic, and slag conditions in the blast furnaces, and calculate the optimal batch composition. The overall effect is to boost blast-furnace performance.

Analysis and Design of Subthreshold Leakage Power-aware Ripple Carry Adder at Circuit-level Using 90nm Technology

Abstract The design space of Wireless Sensor Network mainly focuses on power-aware circuits. As the event-triggering nature of the circuit places itself in Standby mode for longer time, the leakage power shoots up and increases its power consumption. Out of many leakage components, subthreshold leakage power (Psub_leak) is the dominant one, which is reduced by the proposed technique called Short-Pulse Power Gated Approach (SPOGA). The adder is the basic digital subsystem in the signal processing blocks and Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) is analyzed in the context of Psub_leak at circuit-level of abstraction using Cadence GPDK090. The Psub_leak reduces significantly with the 35% to 40% leakage savings in comparison with conventional and Multi-Threshold CMOS (MTCMOS) based RCA.

Energoelektroniczne moduły funkcjonalne dla realizacji inteligentnych transformatorów dystrybucyjnych SN/nn dla sieci Smart Grid

With an observed increase in the involvement of active consumers in activities aimed at improving energy efficiency and increasing interest in producing energy from renewable sources, there is a need for the development of new technologies enabling the distribution network operators to offer new services and functionalities. Smart MV/LV distribution transformers are character ized by a compact three-stage design, including an input stage in the form of a controlled power electronic AC-DC converter on the MV side, intermediate stage in the form of a DC-DC converter with isolation implemented at high frequency and an output stage in the form of controlled power electronic DC-AC converter on the LV side. Topologies and functionalities of basic subsystems of smart distribution transformer are discussed in the paper using the Power Electronics Building Blocks concept. The recent results of investigations carried out at Gdansk University of Technology are also presented.

Conceptualising the production offshoring organisation using the viable systems model (VSM)

Purpose– The purpose of the paper is concerned with one of the main contributions from the field of management cybernetics, the Viable System Model (VSM) developed by Beer (1972). This paper analyses what happens in terms of the VSM when a firm engages in production offshoring.Design/methodology/approach– The paper is conceptual and develops four propositions about the nature of variety balance that production firms face, and what adjustments they make in the original viable system, both in terms of the properties of one or more of the basic subsystems and in the network of couplings between them.Findings– The paper shows the production offshoring organisation as a dynamic adaptive system in search of ways to cope effectively with external forces that undermine its viability. The paper discusses how VSM can advance production offshoring research by both supplementing and linking established approaches such as transaction cost economics, the resource-based view and the eclectic theory of international production.Originality/value– This research highlights the effects of geographical expansion of the firm’s operation on the stability of the firm itself. Using the VSM perspective, the paper provides opportunities to systematically track the changes that occur in the production offshoring firm and diagnose what they imply for the viability of the system as a whole.