Artificial Landscapes Research Articles

Angular magnetic-field dependence of vortex matching in pinning lattices fabricated by focused or masked helium ion beam irradiation of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films

The angular dependence of magnetic-field commensurability effects in thin films of the cuprate high-critical-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) with an artificial pinning landscape is investigated. Columns of point defects are fabricated by two different methods of ion irradiation — scanning the focused 30 keV ion beam in a helium ion microscope or employing the wide-field 75 keV He+ beam of an ion implanter through a stencil mask. Simulations of the ion-target interactions and the resulting collision cascades reveal that with both methods square arrays of defect columns with sub-μm spacings can be created. They consist of dense point-defect clusters, which act as pinning centers for Abrikosov vortices. This is verified by the measurement of commensurable peaks of the critical current and related minima of the flux-flow resistance vs magnetic field at the matching fields. In oblique magnetic fields, the matching features are exclusively governed by the component of the magnetic field parallel to the axes of the columnar defects, which confirms that the magnetic flux is penetrated along the defect columns. We demonstrate that the latter dominate the pinning landscape despite of the strong intrinsic pinning in thin YBCO films.

Ecological Security Assessment of the Yancheng National Nature Reserve Based on GIS

This study used remote sensing and GIS to analyze the landscape pattern changes in the Yancheng Nature Reserve from 1983 to 2018, established an evaluation index system based on the regional natural-socio-economic complex ecosystem security pattern, and then analyzed the spatial characteristics of ecological security changes and discusses reasons for these changes. The results show that the landscape pattern changed dramatically from natural landscape to a mixture of natural landscape and artificial landscape from 1983 to 2018 due to the intensification of human activities. At present, the ecological security status of the protected areas is not optimistic. From the perspective of the survival status of red-crowned cranes, the protected areas are suitable. However, due to the increase of human activities and policy adjustments, the habitat of red-crowned cranes is fragmented. The red-crowned crane currently gathers in localized areas such as the core area and the buffer zone. We should pay more attention to management, policy development and the environmental awareness of local residents. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce the intensity of human activities within the reserve.

Influence of Visual Proportion of Urban Street Cultural Landscape on Crowd Aggregation —— An Empirical Study on Street Space in Downtown Chengdu

This paper explored the correlation between the visual proportion of urban street cultural landscape and crowd aggregation. In the study, the relevant theoretical assumptions and measurement scales were established first; Then the street panoramic images of 535 sampling points were obtained through systematic sampling and field shooting; Easygo and POI (Points of Interest) data of the research area collected every two hours within one week were picked up through big data capture; Finally, the driving force of geographical differentiation was detected by using the geographic detector. The results showed that: (1) in the artificial landscape, the visual proportion of architectural landscape had a significant impact on crowd aggregation and the explanatory power q was 0.15. Neither the visual proportion of roadway landscape nor that of sidewalk landscape had significant impact on crowd aggregation; (2) In the natural landscape, both the visual proportion of greenery landscape and that of sky landscape had significant impact on crowd aggregation and the explanatory power q was 0.09 and 0.05 respectively; (3) The interaction between the visual proportion of architectural landscape and that of greenery landscape or between the former and that of sky landscape showed a two-factor enhancement and the interaction between the visual proportion of greenery landscape and that of sky landscape showed non-linear enhancement; (4) There were significant two-factor enhancement effects in the interactions among the the visual proportion of architectural landscape, that of greenery landscape, of sky landscape and aggregation of POI facilities, of which the biggest q value was 0.76.

Environmental consequences of the urban sprawl in the suburban zone of Nitra: An analysis based on landcover data

One of the most important territorial processes in the highly urbanised continent of Europe is suburbanisation, urban sprawl which occurs in a gradual manner over long periods and is not perceived as dramatic. Nevertheless the built-up urban areas and the urban lifestyle occupy step by step the periurban territories. Urban sprawl affects the essential environmental, economic and social functions of the impacted settlements. In the last decades these processes reached the less urbanised Central European region, leading to very fast and less planned changes in its settlement system. The research deals with these processes in the Central European non-metropolitan areas, around regional centres, and with their environmental impacts. The aim of this paper is, based on theoretical and empirical knowledge, to point out to spatial patterns of urban sprawl and suburbanisation in functional urban areas (FUA). This paper examines the urban sprawl and its impacts in Slovakia in the case of Nitra Functional Urban Area, in the agglomeration of an economically growing regional centre. The research is based on standard geographical methods including field research. Desktop and field empirical researches were conducted, with different methods such us GIS analysis of land use change. The analysis shows then to what extent cities and urban areas grow, from which one can conclude to how landscape surrounding the urban residential areas has changed, how the proportion of non-permeable surfaces increased, basically influencing the runoff of precipitation. The data demonstrate, moreover, how artificial patches and barriers fragment landscape more and more, endangering thereby biodiversity and decreasing green surfaces. The examination covers the 2000-2018 period, using the CORINE CLC 2000, 2006, 2012 and 2018 databases. Thereby the authors are able to examine changes in a longer period of almost two decades, and three internal periods. All this is compared to the demographic changes of the urban area of Nitra as well, in order to see to what extent the change in the number of population contributes to the transformation of land cover and thereby to environmental impacts. The characteristic features of Nitra and its hinterland within this are analysed, then the Nitra FUA and within that the suburban zone is examined in detail. Nitra and its area feature high enlargement dynamics looking at the whole of the period, compared to other FUAs. It is typical almost everywhere that the enlargement of areas surrounding cities is more intensive than the growth of the city itself, which demonstrates general suburbanisation.

Engineering application of ecological lake purification tailwater from sewage plant in vein industrial park

As the raising of environmental protection requirements, the outlet water (tailwater) quality standards of many sewage treatment plants need to be further improved. This paper mainly introduces the advanced treatment of tailwater from sewage treatment plant of vein industrial park by artificial ecological lake. The designed processing amount of this project was 1300 m3/d, the inlet water COD was 30 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content was 1.5 mg/L, and the outlet water main index reached the surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) Ⅲ class water quality standard, which had improved the outlet water (tailwater) quality of sewage treatment plants and improved the regional water environment quality. By constructing an artificial landscape lake, the resource utilization of tailwater can be realized.

Study on Optimization Method of Spatial Structure Characteristics of Peak Forest Landform in Wulingyuan Scenic Area

To protect the ecological environment of peak forest landform and maintain its integrity and stability, the optimization method of spatial structure characteristics of peak forest landform in Wulingyuan Scenic Area was studied. By using GIS and digital topographic analysis to study the basic features of sandstone peak forest landform, Wulingyuan peak forest landform and karst peak forest have great differences in lithological composition, weathering resistance is better than Cheltenham Badland landform; by using tree theory to analyze the features of Wulingyuan peak forest landform, according to area weight serialization of contour tree nodes, we can know the depression area. The karstification is stronger than that of the peak forest area, and the surface is relatively fragmented. Based on different landscape indices, the landscape pattern of Wulingyuan peak forest is analyzed. The fragmentation degree of vegetation is lower, and the fragmentation degree of building landscape is first increased, then decreased, and finally intensified. The proportion of artificial landscape decreases year by year and the trend of fragmentation is obvious. Based on the present situation of spatial structure characteristics of Wulingyuan peak forest landform, optimization methods such as combining centralization with decentralization and improving the quality of artificial landscape ecosystem were put forward.

Rolex Learning Centre at EPFL, Lausanne

The Rolex Learning Centre has been overly announced, published and praised as ‘landscape’ as architecture. Completed in 2010, it is the largest scale international building of Japanese Architects Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa (SANAA), and it quickly becomes clear the designer’s explicit aim was to solve a complex programmatic and spatial request with an artificial landscape. The commitment of the building to the creation of landscape explains the choice of the project for this study (5.1.). The context of the project in the EPFL campus of Lausanne and its insertion in the lake Geneva landscape deserve some explanation as well as the specific need for it and how that was answered by the design (5.2.). The impression from the field-trip will be described in the next section (5.3.). The challenging form led to a relatively long planning and building process in which quite unusual techniques and structural design were used for concrete reinforcements, formwork and even pouring at high local building standards (5.4.). My 4 layer analysis can be executed in a pure and complete manner (5.5.). The specific analytical method used for Rolex Learning Centre is a visual space analysis of this project with a 3D isovist software tool, a method I will introduce in the respective section (5.6). My exploration of the landscape architectural attitudes will also stress the important role of these spatial aspects among landscape architectural approaches (5.7.). My critique will engage the total picture to understand this creation of landscape as architecture and its extension of our conceptual understanding of landscape strategies (5.8.).

Shaping relations between natural and artificial landscapes on the example of selected riverside cities: Budapest and Rzeszow

The article discusses the nature of the relationship between the natural landscape and the transformed landscape. The description of these ties was limited to two interdependent and simultaneously contrasting creatures - a river of a fully natural landscape and a city as an artificial landscape resulting from the Anthropos genic transformations. The relationship between these two opposing types of landscapes is centuries-old and thus constitutes a rich source of search and study of human-environment relations. The direct reason for addressing this issue is a gradual change in the approach to landscape shaping of the river valley existing with the urban landscape. Clear transformations of these dependencies and the creation of a return of the city to the river can be observed, for example, in the London docks or Mill Island in Bydgoszcz in Poland. The research area is the coastline of two administratively, culturally and historically different European cities: the Wislok coastline in Rzeszow, the capital of the voivodeship in south-eastern Poland, and the Danube coastline in Budapest, the capital of Hungary. In Budapest, the coexistence of the river and the city is very clear, and their mutual connections are historically anchored and clearly visible in the city’s urban structure. On the other hand, the dynamic changes that have taken place over the centuries in the riverbed of Wislok in Rzeszow caused that the river is not the urban axis of the city and did not significantly affect its urban layout in the past. Throughout most of its existence, the city was formed in fear of the river. The comparison of the shape of the coasts of the cities mentioned above resembles a master - pupil relationship. The two cities share a historical link with the river valley, but the degree of development of these relations varies considerably. The observation was used as a research method. The selected cases are the family towns of the authors, which made it possible to confront the results of literature research, mainly related to the historical layer, with long-term observations of the discussed areas. The article also defines the features distinguishing riverside cities and the advantages and fears resulting from the coexistence of these two seemingly contrasting landscapes.

Irrigation systems of urban landscapes of the south of the European part of Russia: problems and perspective

The paper discusses the necessity to apply the innovative irrigation technology when creating artificial landscapes in the South of the European part of Russia. The artificial green areas of the Rostov agglomeration significantly differ from the traditional steppe plant associations. They are presented, as a rule, by tree plantings or grassy introduced species which are used to create the city microclimate and also for protection from the eastern winds. Unfortunately climatic conditions and increasing anthropogenic load don‘t provide the stable rooting and development of plants without additional moistening, despite the Chernozem high agronomic value. The process of the soil cover replanting of its central part and the phenologically old trees replacing is actively under way. This process should be accompanied by compliance with the requirements for enhanced, both in frequency and volume, irrigation of young trees. But the use of automatic and semi-automatic irrigation systems is associated with the absence of a regulatory framework for the design, installation, and further operation of irrigation systems under the conditions of the Russian Federation. This issue requires the solving with the direct participation of specialists from various fields, both theorists and construction practitioners, land reclamation specialists, soil scientists, landscape designers.

Analyzing the interpretative ability of landscape pattern to explain thermal environmental effects in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration.

The development of the urban agglomeration has caused drastic changes in landscape pattern and increased anthropogenic heat emission and lead to the urban heat island (UHI) effect more serious. Therefore, understanding the interpretation ability of landscape pattern on the thermal environment has gradually become an important focus. In the study, the spatial heterogeneity of the surface temperature was analyzed using the hot-spot analysis method which was improved by changing the calculation of space weight. Then the interpretation ability of a single landscape and a combination of landscapes to explain surface temperature was explored using the Pearson correlation coefficient and ordinary least squares regression from different spatial levels, and the spatial heterogeneity of the interpretation ability was explored using geographical weighted regression under the optimal granularity (5 × 5 km). The results showed that: (1) The hot spots of surface temperature were distributed mainly in the plains and on the southeast hills, where the landscapes primarily include artificial landscape (ArtLS) and farmland landscape (FarmLS). The cold spots were distributed mainly in the northern hills, which are dominated by forest landscape (ForLS). (2) On the whole, the interpretative ability of ForLS, FarmLS, ArtLS, green space landscape pattern, and ecological landscape pattern to explain surface temperature was stronger, whereas the interpretative ability of grassland landscape and wetland landscape to explain surface temperature was weaker. The interpretation ability of landscape pattern to explain surface temperature was obviously different in different areas. Specifically, the ability was stronger in the hills than in the plain and plateau. The results are intended to provide a scientific basis for adjusting landscape structural, optimizing landscape patterns, alleviating the UHI effect, and coordinating the balance among cities within the urban agglomeration.

Assessing potential landscape service trade-offs driven by urbanization in Switzerland

Landscapes have been changing at an increasing pace over the past century, with countless consequences for humans and their surrounding environments. Information on past and future land use change and the resulting alteration of landscape service provisioning are valuable inputs for policy making and planning. Land use transitions in Switzerland (2009–2081) were simulated using statistical models informed by past land use changes as well as environmental and socio-economic data (1979–2009). By combining land use types with additional contextual landscape information, eight landscape services, based on both (semi-)natural and artificial landscapes, were quantified and investigated on how they would evolve under projected land use changes. Investigation of land use transitions showed region-dependent trends of urban expansion, loss of agricultural area, and forest regrowth. Landscapes cannot accommodate all services simultaneously, and this study sheds light on some competing landscape services, in particular (i) housing at the expense of agriculture and (ii) vanishing recreation opportunities around cities as city limits, and thus housing and job provisioning, expand. Model projections made it possible to pinpoint potential trade-offs between landscape services in a spatially explicit manner, thereby providing information on service provision losses and supporting planning. While future changes are presented as extrapolations of the patterns quantified in the past, policy changes might cause deviation from the projections presented here. A major challenge is to produce socio-economic and policy scenarios to inform projections that will differ from current landscape management. Given that urban sprawl is affecting many land surfaces globally, the approach used here could be generalized to other countries in similar situations.

The Construction of Ecological Network under the Stress of Road Landscape in Dafeng, A Coastal County in China

Zhang, Z.; Liu, R.; Wang G.; Jia, Z.; Zhou, Y.; Cao, L., and Zhou, S., 2019. The construction of ecological network under the stress of road landscape in Dafeng, A coastal county in China. In: Lee, J.L.; Yoon, J.-S.; Cho, W.C.; Muin, M., and Lee, J. (eds.), The 3rd International Water Safety Symposium. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 91, pp. 276-280. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In the process of rapid urbanization in coastal cities, the issue of landscape fragmentation, resulting from continuous expansion of artificial landscapes, has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is of great significance to build up ecological networks to connect fragmented habitats and protect biodiversity. From the perspective of impacts on natural landscapes of road system, the paper takes Dafeng, a coastal county in China, as a case study area, processes the selection of ecological sources, assignment and correction of resistance surface, and finally accomplishes the construction of ecological network, supported by techniques including GIS, Conefor Sensinode and so forth. The results demonstrates that the road network hinders the biological circulation between coastal wetland and interior landscape, resulting in the destruction of natural landscape integrity; with the modification of resistance surface based on the construction of road buffer, it can be observed that regional ecological resistance level increases significantly and the original long linear ecological corridors tend to be short with twists and turns; the wetland patches and corridor connecting them rank first in terms of the importance of landscape connectivity, which indicates that coastal management should be strengthened in avoidance of the aggravation of the landscape fragmentation under the stress of road landscape.

The Influence of Viewing Photos of Different Types of Rural Landscapes on Stress in Beijing

The environment can affect people’s health by relieving stress, and rural landscape as a special environment might influence human’s stress relief. This study takes different types of rural landscapes as the research object to explore their impact on stress levels, which are shown by photos. As an independent variable, the rural landscape is divided into three levels: Type 1 (natural landscape), type 2 (productive landscape), and type 3 (artificial landscape). Seventy-three subjects were randomly assigned to each type of rural landscape. Salivary cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate, and a subjective rating state scale (brief profile of mood states, BPOMS) were used as indicators of stress. At the same time, the influence of preference and familiarity on the stress relieving effect was also discussed. A paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used as the main statistical methods. In the results of t-test for pre-posttest, significant difference was observed in high blood pressure, heart rate, and total mood disturbance (TMD) of type 1 and type 2, and the high and low blood pressure of type 3; ANOVA analysis revealed that for the difference of pre-posttest, significant difference was observed in the TMD value among the three types; except for type 3, blood pressure, heart rate, and BPOMS values were significantly affected by preference and familiarity. The conclusions include the following: The three types of rural landscapes have a positive effect on relieving stress; the productive landscape has the best effect on relieving stress; and users’ landscape preferences and familiarity with the environment can affect the effect of stress relief in rural landscapes.

Penilaian kualitas visual dan aspek sapta pesona pada lanskap Bali Zoo di Desa Pakraman Singapadu, Gianyar

Assessment of the Visual Quality and Sapta Pesona Aspect on Bali Zoo Landscape in Singapadu Traditional Village, Gianyar. Bali Zoo is one of the artificial landscapes in the form of a zoo with educational, conservation, and tourism functions. This zoo has a vision to make Bali Zoo as an international zoo standards. Some efforts that can be done to realize the vision is by improving the aesthetic quality and aspects of sapta pesona. The assessment of visuals quality and aspects of sapta pesona in Bali Zoo aims to evaluate both visuals quality and sapta pesona aspect in the Bali Zoo landscape. Methods used in this research was field survey with observation, questionnaire, interview, and literature review techniques. The result was a description of the assessment of visuals quality and aspects of sapta pesona on Bali Zoo landscape, therewith recommendation that can be given in the form of recommendation might improve the visuals quality and aspects of sapta pesona on Bali Zoo landscape. It is concluded that the visuals quality and aspects of sapta pesona on Bali Zoo landscape were quite good and it can improve the aesthetic visuals quality of Bali Zoo landscape by improving the quality of landscape elements, whereas improving the aspects of sapta pesona from the elements of security, discipline, hygiene, beauty, coolness, friendliness, memory. These recommendation was suitable to apply by the manager, visitors and students.

Quantifying massive outbreaks of the defoliator mothOrmiscodes amphimonein deciduousNothofagus‐dominated southern forests using remote sensing time series analysis

AbstractForest insect outbreaks are one of the major biotic disturbances on natural and artificial landscapes. Although abundant literature of insect outbreaks exists in the Northern Hemisphere, studies for the Southern Hemisphere are rare. Recently, massive outbreaks of the native mothOrmiscodes amphimone(Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Hemileucinae) have been reported in the southern cone of South America. TheseO. amphimoneoutbreaks have defoliated large areas of temperate forests, raising great concern among local inhabitants, but yet the spatio‐temporal patterns of these events have not been evaluated. Here, we quantify the extension of the massiveO. amphimoneoutbreaks occurred in the Aysén region (southern Chile) in the period 2000–2015 using a novel remote sensing approach and field data. Remote sensing detections were strongly in agreement with field observations and showed that massive outbreaks ofO. amphimoneare among the largest biotic disturbances in the forests of the Southern Hemisphere. Considering only field‐confirmed outbreaks, the defoliated area reached 164,000 hectares in total between 2000 and 2015. The estimation of the spatial impact ofO. amphimone, and its recurrence, represents the first step for the search of management alternatives of this massive disturbance.

Spatial Satisfaction and Expectation Analysis of University Campus Users, Case Study of Yozgat Bozok University

University campuses are dynamic spaces where the social and physical environment integrates with natural and artificial landscape elements and requires continuous change and development. The intellectual working environment, which guides both the scientific, technical and technological developments of the age as well as the socialization, entertainment and recreation activities, is named the university campus. Therefore, it is very significant that planning of university campuses, with a holistic design approach that appeals to all users such as students, academicians, administrative staff and visitors when considered these places where all kinds of technical, practical and cultural information are shared and produced. The main objective of this study, titled “Spatial Satisfaction and Expectation Analysis of University Campus Users, Case Study of Yozgat Bozok University”, is to measure and evaluate the social and physical satisfaction and expectation levels of the students, academic and administrative staff of the university campus with face to face survey technique. Erdogan Akdag Campus is the central settlement of Yozgat Bozok University. Situated 8 km from Yozgat city center, the campus is built on an area of approximately 391 hectares. There are 12 academic education buildings in the campus area and 12 service buildings and artificial-natural landscaping items to meet various needs of the campus users. In the formation of the campus area, the demands and expectations of the users have a guiding feature. Therefore, this study, which is composed of approximately 12000 students, 500 academic and 250 administrative staff, will provide the necessary criteria / indicators in the future development of the settlement area in the spatial context. In this project, the settling characteristics of spatial trends/preferences and differentiated behavior patterns unique to the settlement, and parameters regarding how these will be evaluated in planning process, will be put forward. Keywords : Campus Design, Spatial Satisfaction, Spatial Expectation, Yozgat Bozok University. DOI : 10.7176/JSTR/5-2-30

A unified framework for land cover monitoring based on a discrete global sampling grid (GSG).

Environmental monitoring and assessment of the extent and change of land uses and their renewable natural resources over time is a key element in many international processes and one crucial basis for sustainable management. Remote sensing plays an increasingly important role in these monitoring systems, especially if the interest is in large areas. Integration of remote sensing requires comprehensive and careful preprocessing and a high level of expertise which is not always at hand in all applications. However, easy-to-implement sampling techniques based on visual interpretation are an alternative approach for utilizing remote sensing imagery, including the evolving archives of georeferenced and preprocessed data provided by virtual globes like Google Earth, Bing, and others. The goal of this paper is to propose a simple unified framework that may be used in the context of sampling studies and environmental monitoring from local to global scale. Besides the definition of a sampling design, the observation or plot design, i.e., defining how observations are to be made and recorded, has a strong influence on the precision of estimates as well as the overall efficiency of a sampling exercise. As an example, we present a simulation study focusing on the estimation of forest cover in artificial landscapes with different coverage and degree of fragmentation. The sampling units we compare are point clusters with different configuration and spatial extent.

Rolex Learning Centre at EPFL, Lausanne

The Rolex Learning Centre has been overly announced, published and praised as ‘landscape’ as architecture. Completed in 2010, it is the largest scale international building of Japanese Architects Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa (SANAA), and it quickly becomes clear the designer’s explicit aim was to solve a complex programmatic and spatial request with an artificial landscape. The commitment of the building to the creation of landscape explains the choice of the project for this study (5.1.). The context of the project in the EPFL campus of Lausanne and its insertion in the lake Geneva landscape deserve some explanation as well as the specific need for it and how that was answered by the design (5.2.). The impression from the field-trip will be described in the next section (5.3.). The challenging form led to a relatively long planning and building process in which quite unusual techniques and structural design were used for concrete reinforcements, formwork and even pouring at high local building standards (5.4.). My 4 layer analysis can be executed in a pure and complete manner (5.5.). The specific analytical method used for Rolex Learning Centre is a visual space analysis of this project with a 3D isovist software tool, a method I will introduce in the respective section (5.6). My exploration of the landscape architectural attitudes will also stress the important role of these spatial aspects among landscape architectural approaches (5.7.). My critique will engage the total picture to understand this creation of landscape as architecture and its extension of our conceptual understanding of landscape strategies (5.8.).

Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Enhance HIV-AIDS Programme Management

The HIV prevalence in South Africa is the highest in the world. In 2017 12.6% of the population 7.06 million people were HIV positive6. Almost two thirds of this cohort are on ARVS contributing to South Africa's ARV programme-making it the largest in the world2. Other sectors within the health industry have also contributed to addressing the burden of disease by developing their own sector specific HIV-AIDS programmes. Over time, these programmes have grown from strength to strength and have incorporated components to driver better performance within these programmes. A novel concept in health technology is that of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, which is redefining the health industry and is fast becoming very popular locally and globally. AI has not been fully integrated into the HIV-AIDS field to date. This paper explores the artificial intelligence landscape in the HIV-AIDS arena and assesses if AI can enhance HIV-AIDS programme management.

The Landscape Creation and Integration in Design and Urban Planning of Medical Institutions

The article reveals advanced all over the world approach to architecture and urban planning design of hospitals with active usage of landscape. The newest examples of competitive and already implemented projects of medical facilities are examined, which clearly illustrate the active integration of natural and artificial reservoirs, peculiarities of natural and formation process of explicit artificial landscape in the environment of medical institutions. The article is aimed at sticking the urban planners’ attention at the importance of the design and integration of the natural already exicting including landscape design approach into the hospitals’ design in order to strengthen the therapeutic effect with the exterior of the medical building and the public welfare of its location.