Application Of Laser Therapy Research Articles

Combined application of microneedling and laser therapy in the correction of involutive changes

The relevance of research. In the XX–XXI centuries, the average life expectancy has increased significantly and the issues of not only maintaining health, but also the appearance have acquired social significance. The aging of the skin as an organ is different as it combines intrinsic aging and extrinsic aging, which is limited to environmentally exposed skin such as the face, back of the hands and neck. Therefore, the development of new methods for correcting involutive changes, taking into account the clinical symptoms of natural aging and photodamage, is relevant. Material and methods. Under observation were 82 patients aged 40 to 50 years. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the therapy. All patients underwent enzyme immunoassay to determine MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-12, TGFβ2 before and after treatment. Research results. In patients with involutive changes, to a greater extent, when combined with signs of photoaging, the content of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-12) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ2) in the skin is increased. The combined use of microneedling and Er:YAG laser to a greater extent than the use of the components of the method reduces the content of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-12) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ2) in the skin.

The effect of the complex application of microneedling and laser therapy on the qualitative characteristics of the skin with involutive changes

The effect of the complex application of microneedling and laser therapy on the qualitative characteristics of the skin with involutive changes

Determination of effectiveness of photobiomodulation in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis

Context:Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is chronic, scarring disease of the oral cavity. Cytokines and growth factors produced by inflammatory cells play a major role in its pathogenesis. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) application, which has an anti-inflammatory, was used to determine the improvement in mouth opening.Aims:The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of laser photobiomodulation (PBM) in OSMF treatment.Materials and Methods:Thirty patients who were diagnosed with OSMF after obtaining consent form and ethical clearance were included. LLLT was applied for 4 cycles for 15 s each in the left and right buccal mucosa. Therapy was done on day 0, 3, 7, and 15 and measurements were done immediately after each LLLT application. Patients were recalled after 1, 3, and 6 months from the commencement of the therapy for follow-up measurements.Results:The mean increase in mouth opening following application of LLLT from day 0 to day 15 was 9.91 ± 3.34, and day 1–6 months was 14.29 ± 6.82, which was statistically significant.Conclusions:The study shows significant improvements in the mouth opening of the OSMF patient during treatment and postoperatively. Thus, our study confirms LLLT can be used as one of the modality in OSMF management.

Application of Combined Laser and Compression Therapy on the Pain and Level of Disability on Trigger Points in Upper Trapezius Muscle

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the main causes of disability in modern life. Myofascial trigger points are very common among musculoskeletal disorders and may occur through ordinary common activities. This study aimed to determine the combined effects of laser therapy and Ischemic Compression (IC) on the treatment of Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) at the upper trapezius muscle. Materials and Methods: Twenty men with at least one active trigger point at their upper trapezius muscle voluntarily participated in this study. Trigger points were under treatment of laser irradiation (6 Joules per point) and also ischemic compression. Treatment approaches were applied over the pain point every other day for 5 sessions in 10 days. Neck disability index, pain intensity by visual analog scale, pressure pain threshold by algometry, and cervical lateral flexion by goniometer were assessed and recorded before the intervention, and immediately after the last session. Results: At the end of treatment, statistically significant improvements were seen in the neck disability index, VAS value, pressure pain threshold, and cervical lateral flexion. VAS values of the treatment and control groups were compared with the baseline (P<0.001). Conclusion: Application of combined laser and compression therapy was effective on the pain and level of disability of patients with trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle.

Low-energy laser therapy application on knee joints as an auxiliary treatment in patients with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a dual-arm randomized clinical trial.

Patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) always experience persistent pain and stiffness which induces muscle weakness, fatigue, and functional limitations. This study evaluated whether applying low-energy laser therapy (LLT) on the knee joint could be an effective adjuvant intervention for patients with JIA. Sixty children with polyarticular JIA participated and were randomly allocated to receive either LLT (wavelength λ = 903nm; power output of 50 mW; and energy of 1.5J) plus exercises (LLT group) or exercises alone (control group). Pain, peak concentric torque of quadriceps muscles, fatigue, and functional status were measured by the visual analogue scale, isokinetic testing system, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, and Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire, respectively pre- and post-intervention, and at 6-month follow-up. Per the mixed-model analysis of variance, the LLT group showed a statistically more favorable improvement in pain (P = .003, ηp2 = .014), fatigue perception (P = .004, ηp2 = .015), and functional status (P = .022, ηp2 = .09) across the three assessment occasions, as compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was demonstrated between both groups concerning peak concentric torque (all P > .05). Incorporation of LLT into the standard physical rehabilitation program for patients with JIA has the potential to induce more conducive improvements in pain, fatigue, and functional performance, but is not effective for improving muscle performance.

CME Dermatology 24/Answers: Porokeratosis

CME Dermatology 24/Answers: Porokeratosis Abstract. Porokeratoses are a heterogeneous group of cornification disorders with the characteristic histological feature of the cornoid lamellae in the area of the marginal ridge. It is a rare but characteristic disease that occurs primarily in adulthood. Men are slightly more likely to be affected. The etiopathogenesis that leads to the transformation of the keratinocytes remains unclear; associations with genetic mutations and trigger factors such as UV rays and immunosuppression were observed. Due to the risk of malignant degeneration, consistent sun protection and regular clinical controls should take place. Cryotherapy, ablative laser therapy, curettage, photodynamic therapy or topical application of fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod and retinoids can be used to treat itchy, painful or cosmetically disturbing porokeratoses, depending on the location and severity.

Photobiomodulation for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Summary

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a highly debilitating chronic pain condition characterized by continuous regional pain disproportionate to duration and intensity of the initial damaging stimulus. In CRPS, abnormal perception, transmission, and modulation of pain by nerve cells and the autonomic nervous system induces extreme increases in perceived pain that may be accompanied by swelling, temperature sensitivity, color fluctuations, and/or skin changes. CRPS most commonly affects the extremities but may spread to other limbs or bodily locations. Since there is currently no cure for the underlying processes that play a role in causing this debilitating condition, therapeutic options seek to mitigate some of the symptoms of CRPS to improve quality of life. A recent systematic review found low-quality evidence of efficacy for all currently available CRPS treatments as well as a lack of consensus about first-line treatments. The pathophysiological complexity of CRPS, in addition to the lack of non-invasive, efficacious therapies for this extremely burdensome pain condition, highlights the vital need to explore novel therapeutic options in both research and clinical practice. Photobiomodulation through the repeated application of high-intensity laser therapy in a clinical setting has been shown to modulate nociception, minimize inflammation, and reduce different types of chronic and acute pain. The present case report describes a clinical protocol using laser therapy for CRPS, presents longitudinal pain scores, and summarizes mechanisms of action supporting the subsequent reduction of CRPS symptoms. After a series of laser treatments, the patient showed marked improvement in range of movement, hypersensitivity, pain, and function. Photobiomodulation through high-intensity laser therapy may represent a promising therapy for individuals affected by CRPS, although further randomized, controlled trials are recommended to evaluate efficacy on different disease-affected areas, assess dose-response relationships, and refine optimal treatment frequency.

CME Dermatology 24: Porokeratosis

CME Dermatology 24: Porokeratosis Abstract. Porokeratoses are a heterogeneous group of cornification disorders with the characteristic histological feature of the cornoid lamellae in the area of the marginal ridge. It is a rare but characteristic disease that occurs primarily in adulthood. Men are slightly more likely to be affected. The etiopathogenesis that leads to the transformation of the keratinocytes remains unclear; associations with genetic mutations and trigger factors such as UV rays and immunosuppression were observed. Due to the risk of malignant degeneration, consistent sun protection and regular clinical controls should take place. Cryotherapy, ablative laser therapy, curettage, photodynamic therapy or topical application of fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod and retinoids can be used to treat itchy, painful or cosmetically disturbing porokeratoses, depending on the location and severity.

Low-Level Laser Therapy: Potential and Complications.

Introduction: Laser therapy has attracted experts' attention in medical sciences. Many benefits of laser therapy are presented besides some complications. In the present study, it is tried to present a new perspective of laser therapy in the various fields of medicine. Methods: Laser therapy-related articles which are combined with regenerative medicine, cosmetic, dentistry, neurodegenerative diseases, kidney, bone fracture, and vaginal function in the English language were searched through the google scholar search engine in the range of 2000-2021. After title screening, the abstracts were evaluated to access the full texts. Results: Basic concepts and various kinds of lasers which are applied in medicine were explained. Applications of laser therapy in various fields of medicine such as pain reduction, wound healing, regenerative medicine, dentistry, and several other body organs were highlighted and some complications were pointed. Conclusion: High potential of laser therapy for application in medicine implies a reconsideration of the laser properties and also styles of laser applications to improve the treatment and prevention of its side effects.

Effects of Photobiomodulation on High Glucose Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Embryonic Skin Fibroblasts

In this study, we explored the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the functional damage of human embryonic skin fibroblasts (CCC-ESFs) in a high glucose environment, as well as the effects of PBM on tissue repair, to provide a theoretical basis for application and promotion of dual-wavelength laser therapy in clinical practices. CCC-ESFs were cultured in vitro for 2 d in a high glucose medium, and then irradiated with a 635/808 nm dual-wavelength semiconductor laser at a dose of 20 mW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 0-24 J/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, SOD), lipid oxidization capacity (MDA), cell growth factors, and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (TIMPs) were assessed. We found that PBM can enhance the proliferation of fibroblasts, improve the inhibitory effects of the high glucose environment on cell proliferation, increase intracellular ROS production, enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and stimulate cytokine secretion. Furthermore, PBM was found to inhibit the expression of MMPs, increase the expression of TIMPs, reverse the overexpression of MMPs/TIMPs caused by high glucose, and promote wound healing.

Comparative Evaluation of Sclerostin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis Patients Using Diode Laser as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing: A Clinico-biochemical Study.

Aims:Sclerostin is an inhibitor of bone formation, and laser irradiation enhances osteoblast proliferation. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sclerostin level and clinical parameters of chronic periodontitis patients following the application of diode laser (810 nm) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP).Subjects and Methods:Fifteen systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients (age 35–55 years) with probing pocket depth ≥5mm were included in this split-mouth study. SRP and pocket irradiation with diode laser were done in the test group and SRP alone in the control group at baseline. Low-level laser therapy application and saline irrigation were done in both the groups, respectively, in the 2nd and 3rd visits. Two microliters of GCF samples was collected from both the groups at baseline before treatment and on the 90th day for the assessment of sclerostin concentration.Results:This study showed a statistically significant reduction of clinical parameters in the test and control groups at the end of 3 months. Both the groups showed a statistically significant reduction of sclerostin levels in GCF after 3 months, in which the test group (125.80 ± 28.21 to 82.80 ± 9.31) showed a highly significant reduction (P = 0.000).Conclusions:The adjunctive use of laser had shown a beneficial effect in terms of clinical parameters and osteoblast proliferation by the reduction in the levels of sclerostin in GCF. From the observations of this study, it can be concluded that the therapeutic effectiveness of diode laser as an adjunct to SRP is having a beneficial effect and sclerostin can be used as a potent biomarker.

Local application of low level laser therapy in mice ameliorates ovarian damage induced by cyclophosphamide

The aim of the present study is to assess whether low level laser therapy (LLLT) can protect ovaries from chemotherapy-induced gonadotoxicity using a mice model of premature ovarian failure induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). LLLT (64 J/cm2) increased the number of antral follicles whilst decreasing the number of atretic follicles compared to CTX alone. LLLT increased the number of primordial follicles compared with those in the CTX group but they did not differ from those in the control group. LLLT treatment increased the number of AMH-positive follicles compared to CTX alone. LLLT application increased ovarian weight, serum progesterone concentration and P450scc protein levels compared to CTX alone. LLLT reduced the apoptosis in antral follicles and the BAX/BCL-2 ratio compared to CTX alone. Vascular morphology, analysed by CD31 and α-SMA immunostaining, was restored in LLLT-treated ovaries compared to CTX alone. In conclusion, application of LLLT prior to CTX might serve as a promising and novel protocol to preserve female fertility in cancer survivors.

The Use of the Low-Intensity Laser Therapy (LLLT) Technique for Face Burning

This work describes a case report by the Hospital Dentistry team of the Beneficent Association of Campo Grande Santa Casa MS, where a patient presented with a burn caused by the explosion of the carbon dioxide gas (Co2) through the inhalation of the vapor with acute physical changes, which resulted in burns that reached approximately 10% of the anterior area of the skull with involvement of the cervical and pharyngeal region. Admitted under Orotracheal Intubation, he was treated using the LLLT technique with the use of the InGaAIP low intensity laser on the injured tissues. Through a multi professional approach, using the Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) technique as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of burn injuries of the periorbital region, lips and oral cavity, with the daily monitoring of the patient and regular on-site applications of laser therapy, there was a significant improvement in the injured region, and healing with rapid evolution, in addition to analgesia with reduced bleeding and site inflammation

Low- level laser: cost of therapy fornipple trauma

Abstract Objectives: to measure the micro-cost of local laser therapy (LL) and transcutaneous laser therapy application by Irradiation Laser Intravascular of Blood (ILIB) to treat nipple trauma and compare the most effective and efficient alternative treatment. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical and quantitative study with analysis on the micro absorption cost, implemented as a clipping, from a randomized clinical trial that used two types of laser therapy to treat nipple trauma due to breastfeeding. The sample consisted of 101 nipple lesions. Patients were randomized into three groups (Control - CG, Local Laser -LLG and ILIB-ILIBG). Materials used, direct labor (DL) and laser equipment were predictors of costs. The delta calculation (effect size) was the indicator for measuring effectiveness and efficiency. Results: after three sessions, the average final cost was R$ 40.04for CG, R$ 53.55for LLG and R$ 67.29for ILIBG. After three sessions of treatment, ILIBG showed a great reduction in the lesion area, but with a higher cost (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: ILIBG had a better effect on healing the nipple trauma when compared to CG and LLG, even though it is more expensive, it suggests a positive cost-benefit and the most effective and efficient alternative treatment.

Comparative assessment of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) vs. topical application of amlexanox + lidocaine to treat recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAUs): A randomized controlled trial.

Background. The present study aimed to assess and compare the pain perception and ulcer sizes before and after applying low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and Amlexanox + lidocaine. Methods. Twenty-six patients referring to the out-patient department of the institution and diagnosed with recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) were assigned to two groups to receive either LLLT or Amlexanox + lidocaine. In group 1, the patients were provided with amlexanox + lidocaine to apply topically four times daily. In group 2, the patients underwent LLLT with no tissue contact in inward circular motions for two cycles for 30 seconds. This study was registered in "the Clinical Trials Registry- India" (CTRI), with the registration number CTRI/2019/09/028222. The data were analyzed with SPSS 16. Results. The intergroup comparison was performed using Mann-Whitney U test, and intragroup comparisons were made using Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test. The level of significance was set at P <0.05. The results showed that pain perception and ulcer size were significantly lower in group 2 subjects than group 1 subjects (P <0.05). Conclusion. LLLT was more effective than amlexanox + lidocaine in the management of RAU. It is a cost-effective therapy for treating RAU.

One Health Applications of Low Level Laser Therapy

One Health Applications of Low Level Laser Therapy

The Facts and Myths for the Use of Lasers in Orthopedic Surgery.

For the past three decades, laser use has been investigated, mainly on implant applications, as well as hard and soft tissue processing on orthopedics. However, despite significant technological advances and achievements in Biophotonics, lasers have yet to emerge as a successful tool for hard-tissue manipulation (e.g., osseous tissue). Indeed, a careful search in relevant literature reveals a limited number of laser-based clinical applications in orthopedics, except for the low-level laser therapy applications. In this review article, we give a brief overview of the biophysical mechanisms of bone tissue and biocompatible implants laser surgery and, in parallel, we summarize some specific pre-clinical and clinical laser applications in orthopedics. Taking into consideration the complexity of laser-based applications in inhomogeneous musculoskeletal biostructures and/or implants, it is justified to state that applying laser radiation is still an open field of multidisciplinary research before performing interventions in clinical praxis. The evidence from this study indicates the need for more experimental and theoretical studies regarding light transport on soft and hard tissues, in order to further enhance safe and efficient laser applications in orthopedics. This undoubtedly implies the need for developing modern light delivery devices for laser surgery, by means of implementing robotic guidance, specialized for medical procedures on various anatomic structures. The aforementioned studies could eventually revolutionize the clinical applications of laser technology in orthopedics.

Management of Temporomandibular Joint Arthritis using Low Level Laser Therapy method

Background: Many studies have recommend using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in pain reduction in acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Objective: To clinically evaluate the effectiveness and validity of (LLLT) for management symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis. Methodology: A clinical study included patients with TMJ arthritis signs and symptoms, were randomly categorized into two groups of ten patients each. Patients of the first group were subjected to pre adjusted (LLLT) over four weeks together with NSAIDs. Patients were evaluated clinically according to following groups: (T1) before any treatment (T2) after six sessions of laser therapy application. (T3) after 12 laser therapy sessions applications. (T4) one month after the last session application. The second group received only (NSAIDs). They were evaluated at the same time intervals of the first group. Evaluation criteria were: • Maximum mouth opening which measured in mm using ruler. • Presence or absence of pain at TMJ area. The VAS method was used to quantify pain at TMJ area with palpation. Results: Evaluation of maximum mouth opening in mm showed highly marked significant clinical improvement In (LLLT and NSAIDs) group. The same clinical improvement was noted in (NSAIDs) group.Comparison of results between the two groups showed a marked significant clinical improvement in pain reduction in favor of the (LLLT and NSAIDs) group during all evaluation periods. Same clinical improvement in pain reduction in favor for (LLLT and NSAIDs) group was noted in (VAS).Conclusion. (LLLT) in patients with TMJ arthritis is safe and effective technique to be used.

Combined application of kinesis and laser therapy for the correction of disorders in regional hemodynamics at the dilatation cardiomyopathy

Purpose: To study a combined application of kinesis and laser therapy for correcting regional hemodynamic disorders in patients having dilatation cardiomyopathy (DCMP) with simultaneous supportive pharmaceutical therapy.Material and methods.100 patients with a verified diagnosis of DCMP were taken into the study. All patients had a differentiated supportive pharmtherapy. In three months after selection of the supportive differentiated drug therapy, patients were divided into two groups comparable by gender, age, disease course, severity of state and ways of medicine administration. Patients from Group 1, in addition to the supporting differentiated drug therapy, were given intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and unloading physical exercises. Patients from Group 2 continued their course of differentiated drug therapy.Research techniques included: clinical and functional observations; venous-occlusive plethysmography for assessing regional hemodynamics with a generally accepted method: measurement of blood flow (Qr) and regional vascular resistance (Rr) at rest; venous tone (Vt), reserve blood flow (QH) and regional vascular resistance (RH) under the functional loading test.Results.The data obtained during dynamic observations (in 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months) in Group 1 demonstrated a significant increase in volumetric blood flow velocity at rest (Qr) and reserve blood flow (QH); decrease of the regional vascular resistance at rest (Rr) and under functional loading (RH) as well as the decrease of venous tone (Vt), respectively. In Group 2 (controls), there were no significant positive dynamics; moreover, regional hemodynamics significantly worsened in 9 and 12 months.Conclusion. By the findings of venous-occlusive plethysmography, regional hemodynamics significantly improved in patients with DCMP under unloading therapeutic gymnastics in combination with ILBI and correctly selected differentiated drug therapy. The developed curative technique can be used in medical practice by GPs, therapists, cardiologists for optimizing treatment of patients with DCMP.

MULTIPLE ORAL PROCEDURES IN INJURED PATIENTS ADMITTED TO INTENSIVE CARE UNITS

A male patient, 27 years old and a victim of physical aggression, presented with severe, unconscious cranioencephalic trauma, with orotracheal intubation in mechanical ventilation, psychomotor agitation, and presence of sialorrhea. A healthy dentition and lingual piercing were observed, and the piercing was removed to prevent trauma in the oral cavity and in the orotracheal tube. The patient evolved with bruxism secondary to neurologic alteration causing lesions in the tongue and trauma in the orotracheal tube, causing a decrease in oxygen saturation and worsening of sialorrhea with an unsatisfactory response to anticholinergic pharmacologic treatment. We chose to install a mouth guard, low-level laser therapy application on the tongue, and later the application of botulinum toxin to the masseter and temporal muscles, and to larger salivary glands. Evaluation and dental therapy for patients in the intensive care unit are fundamental to prevent and treat oral lesions, providing greater patient comfort, and contributing to the control of nosocomial infections and shortening hospitalization time.