Application Of Laser Therapy Research Articles

Regulation of miRNA Expression by Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)

Applications of laser therapy, including low-level laser therapy (LLLT), phototherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT), have been proven to be beneficial and relatively less invasive therapeutic modalities for numerous diseases and disease conditions. Using specific types of laser irradiation, specific cellular activities can be induced. Because multiple cellular signaling cascades are simultaneously activated in cells exposed to lasers, understanding the molecular responses within cells will aid in the development of laser therapies. In order to understand in detail the molecular mechanisms of LLLT and PDT-related responses, it will be useful to characterize the specific expression of miRNAs and proteins. Such analyses will provide an important source for new applications of laser therapy, as well as for the development of individualized treatments. Although several miRNAs should be up- or down-regulated upon stimulation by LLLT, phototherapy and PDT, very few published studies address the effect of laser therapy on miRNA expression. In this review, we focus on LLLT, phototherapy and PDT as representative laser therapies and discuss the effects of these therapies on miRNA expression.

Effectiveness of low level laser therapy in the treatment of TMD myalgia - Two case reports

Objective: To report two cases of low level laser therapy used in the treatment of muscle pain caused by temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Methods: Two patients of the São José dos Campos Dental School (UNESP) were selected and subjected to eight applications of low level laser therapy (diode). Laser was punctually applied on masseter and temporalis muscles bilaterally. Three methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment: pressure algometer, visual analog scale (VAS) and maximal mouth opening. Each measure was performed before and after the laser therapy session. The results were subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA two factors and Tukey's test, ? = 0.05). Results: For both patients, no significant difference was found between the results obtained by algometer before and after laser application within each session. Nonetheless, VAS showed a tendency to lower values after laser application. The highest values obtained by the pressure algometer were found between days 9 (fourth application) and 16 (sixth application), in both cases. Both patients had an improvement in mouth opening. Conclusions: The assessment methods used were quite practical to register the pain before and after treatment. Therapy with low level laser seems to have a beneficial effect for muscle pain of temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Temporal Modulation of Sodium Current Kinetics in Neuron Cells by Near-Infrared Laser

Near-infrared laser provides a novel nerve stimulation modality to regulate the cell functions. Understanding its physiological effect is a prerequisite for clinic laser therapy applications. Here, the whole-cell sodium (Na) channel kinetics of neuron cell was employed to determine the temporal roles of infrared laser. The Na currents were elicited by electrical pulses that were synchronized at the rising and falling edges of the 980 nm laser pulses, respectively, to investigate the different infrared effect on cell functions. The time constants of activation (τ(m)) and inactivation (τ(h)) kinetics were extracted from fitting of the Na current (m(3)h) according to the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model. By comparing the time constants without and with the laser irradiation, we obtained that laser pulses changed the Na current kinetics by accelerating τ(h)-phase and slowing down τ m-phase at the beginning of the laser pulse, whereas both phases were accelerated at the end of the pulse. After relating the ratios of the time constants to the temperature characteristics of Na channel by Q10, we found that the accelerating in Na current kinetics could be related to the average temperature of extracellular solution in the corresponding time span by choosing Q10 = 2.6. The results of this study demonstrated that there was a positive correlation between the acceleration of the Na current kinetics and increases in temperature of the extracellular solution.

A combination of nonoperative treatment modalities used for treatment of keloids

Keloid is one abnormal wound healing that occurs commonly in predisposed individuals. Many treatment modalities have been tried, either alone or in variety, including surgical removal, laser therapy, radiation therapy, silicone cream or gel application, cryosurgery, and intralesional injection of various agents. These treatment options have been practiced with largely transient and limited success. In the present study, the present authors prospectively assessed the efficacy of combination methods of the treatment of recalcitrant keloid. One hundred fifty-one sites of keloids in 122 patients were chosen, age of patients varied between 15 and 60 years, size of scar more than 2 cm(2) with pain, itch, or other discomfort, and duration of more than 2 years. Keloids were treated with combination methods of lasers and (32) P radiation on originating scars. One hundred eleven of 151 evaluated sites scored "excellence" and 40 belonged to "effectiveness". These patients demonstrated local control and have remained free of local recurrence for more than 2 years. In addition, there were only 21 and 32 sites with pigmentation and depigmentation, respectively. Over the past 5 years, we established a treatment protocol combining laser with (32) P-patch contact brachyradiotherapy, which represents a safe and effective option in the treatment of keloids.

Use of Lasers in Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy

ABSTRACT The use of dental lasers for treatment of periodontal diseases has been the area of interest in the recent years. Current evidence indicates that the use of lasers for the treatment of adult chronic periodontitis—either used solely or as an adjunct to traditional scaling and root planning therapy—offers minimal benefit. This article which is a peer review of various articles provides a brief explanation of the mechanism behind soft tissue lasers. The use of laser therapy in addition to traditional nonsurgical periodontal treatment in the management of periodontal diseases is reviewed. Lasers have been applied for hard and soft tissue debridement, as also for the bacterial load reduction from the periodontal pocket. Although, subgingival application of few of them during nonsurgical periodontal therapy can result in undesired outcomes, even when using manufacturer-recommended parameters. Over the past 20 years the research conducted regarding the clinical application of lasers is very limited. This article tries to fill in the void by reviewing the current and potential application of laser therapy. It has in turn proven to be a promising field in nonsurgical periodontal treatment of diseases. How to cite this article Uttamani J, Shaikh I, Kulkarni V. Use of Lasers in Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2013;2(1):29-32.

Aplicação da Laserterapia no Tratamento de Queimaduras: uma Revisão Sistemática

Background: Burns are among the most serious of all injuries, with physical and emotional consequences that require multi- disciplinary treatment for long periods. The Low-level Laser therapy has been used to accelerate the healing process of these injuries, but its effectiveness remains uncertain. Objective: To conduct a systematic review on the application of Laser therapy in the burns treatment. Methods: Structured analysis of publications of the last five years in indexed journals in the databases PUBMED, LILACS, SciELO, PEDro, Cochrane and CAPES Journals, using as search keywords: electrotherapy, phototherapy and Laser therapy combined with wound healing of burns or healing. Results: Nine researches met the methodological criteria. All rodents used as a sample. The burns were performed with hot oil, incandescent material or boiling water. Microscopic, microbiological and wound contraction analysis were emphasized. Different wavelength, energy density and method of application of the Laser were evaluated. Conclusion: The Laser accelerates the wound healing process and may act in all phases depending on the wavelength and density applied. The punctual ap- plication is most used, but should adjust the dose to prevent additional injuries. There is insufficient evidence to support the bactericidal action or the systemic effect of the therapy. Mast cells react differently depending on the parameters of irradiation.

Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Pain Following Activation of Orthodontic Final Archwires: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of GaAlAs laser light to reduce pain induced by post-adjustment orthodontic final archwire, compared with a placebo control group, and also to evaluate if there are differences in pain gradient when conventional brackets or self-ligating brackets are used for orthodontic treatment. Previous reports indicate that laser therapy is a safe and efficient alternative to alleviate pain caused in the initial stages of treatment, but there are no studies about its efficacy during the last stages of orthodontic treatment. The initial sample was 60 orthodontic patients from a private practice, treated by straight wire technique, 30 of them with mini brackets Equilibrium(®) (Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) and 30 with self-ligation In-Ovation C(®) (GAC/Dentsply, Tokyo, Japan) slot 0.022 inch brackets. The archwires used in the final stage of orthodontic treatment were stainless steel 0.019×0.025 inch, slot 0.022 inch in both groups. In a design of divided mouth, the dental arches were randomly assigned to receive one dental arch irradiation with 830 nm 100mW therapeutic laser (Photon Lase II), for 22 sec (2.2 J, 80 J/cm(2)) along the vestibular surface and 22 sec (2.2 J, 80 J/cm(2)) along the palatal surface of the root in the randomly selected arch. The opposite dental arch received placebo treatment, with the laser light off. Pain was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) after 2, 6, and 24 h, and 2, 3, and 7 days of application. The time course of pain showed the same tendency in both groups, reaching a peak 24 h after the archwire activation. The application of laser therapy reduced pain for any period of time up to 7 days (p<0.00001) and for any kind of bracket. Low intensity laser application reduces pain induced by archwires used during the final stage of orthodontic treatment, without any interference regarding the kind of bracket, as reported by patients.

The low level laser therapy application improves the healing process of the Achilles tendon of rats

The low level laser therapy application improves the healing process of the Achilles tendon of rats

Clinical Approach of Laser Application in Different Aspects of Pediatric Dentistry

The application of laser in dentistry is considered as a favorable technique for patients due to its many advantages compare to other current methods. One of the main goals in pediatric dentistry is to provide the treatment as comfortable as possible without any risks for the care. Laser is being used in different pediatric dental conditions including caries detection, caries removal and cavity preparation, soft tissue surgery and in low level laser therapy applications. The application of current common lasers in dentistry resulted in less stress and fear in patients during dental procedures, also leading to more conservative non-invasive methods for soft and hard tissues with minimal discomfort and bleeding.

Photobiomodulation of the Human Cortex Using Infrared Laser Stimulation

Application of low level laser therapy (LLLT) for wound healing, inflammation and chronic pain relief has now widened to include neurological disorders such as stroke, neurodegenerative diseases and the treatment of traumatic brain disorders (Hashmi et al, 2010).

PERSONAL OVERVIEW OF THE APPLICATION OF LLLT IN SEVERELY INFERTILE JAPANESE FEMALES

The rapidly graying population in Japan is being compounded by the rapidly-dropping birth rate. The latter is mostly due to the later ages at which women are giving birth as the marriage age has also been increasing. Giving birth at a later stage is associated with problems for both mother and child, but for older would-be mothers the greatest problem is infertility, sometimes severe. The present article will show how the application of low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a potentially effective treatment for severe infertility. Seventy-four females (average age 39.28 yr) with severe infertility in whom assisted reproductive technology (ART) had been unsuccessful (average of 9.13 yr) participated in the first part of a study from October 1996 - April 2000. LLLT was applied (830 nm, CW, GaAlAs 60 mW diode LLLT) in Ohshiro's proximal priority technique (average 21.08 sessions) with or without other ART approaches. Based on successful outcomes, the study was then extended to March 2012, amassing a final total of 701 patients. Pregnancy was achieved in the first part of the trial in 16 patients (21.7% of 74) of whom 11 (68%) achieved successful live delivery. In the extended trial, pregnancy was achieved in 156 (22.3% of 701) with 79 live deliveries (50.1%). The use of 830 nm LLLT in the proximal priority technique at the parameters used in the present study, on its own or as an adjunct to other techniques, resulted in successful induction of pregnancy in just over 21% of severely infertile females, with a substantial number of these achieving live births. No adverse events were noted in any patient. LLLT is a pain-free and sideeffect free modality which could give hope to the increasing numbers of older females with infertility in Japan and potentially worldwide. Multinational studies are warranted.

Laser therapy applications for osteoarthritis and chronic joint pain – A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial

AbstractA randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate an adjunctive treatment modality for pain associated with knee disorders was conducted utilizing a therapeutic laser system (low energy, non-surgical).The therapeutic laser system utilized a dual wavelength, multiple diode laser cluster probe with five super-pulsed 905 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser diodes, each emitting at 40 mW average power and four continuous wave 660 nm visible (VIS) red laser diodes, each emitting at 25 mW. It was used as an adjunctive modality providing 12 treatments, three times a week to a homogeneous patient population (n=126), in combination with standardized chiropractic techniques, to evaluate effectiveness on subjects presenting with osteoarthritis and knee pain. The primary endpoint was measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) to assess pain levels on a scale of 0–10. The success criteria for an individual patient in this study were identified as an improvement of 30% or more in the VAS from baseline to 12th treatment and/or an improvement of 20% or more in the VAS from baseline to 30-day follow-up evaluation.The data obtained in the study demonstrated that the present therapeutic laser system provided significant pain relief and osteoarthritic improvements in all primary evaluation criteria, with a statistical and clinical significance of

In Vitro Wound Healing Improvement by Low-Level Laser Therapy Application in Cultured Gingival Fibroblasts

The aim of this study was to determine adequate energy doses using specific parameters of LLLT to produce biostimulatory effects on human gingival fibroblast culture. Cells (3 × 104 cells/cm2) were seeded on 24-well acrylic plates using plain DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. After 48-hour incubation with 5% CO2 at 37°C, cells were irradiated with a InGaAsP diode laser prototype (LASERTable; 780 ± 3 nm; 40 mW) with energy doses of 0.5, 1.5, 3, 5, and 7 J/cm2. Cells were irradiated every 24 h totalizing 3 applications. Twenty-four hours after the last irradiation, cell metabolism was evaluated by the MTT assay and the two most effective doses (0.5 and 3 J/cm2) were selected to evaluate the cell number (trypan blue assay) and the cell migration capacity (wound healing assay; transwell migration assay). Data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney nonparametric tests with statistical significance of 5%. Irradiation of the fibroblasts with 0.5 and 3 J/cm2 resulted in significant increase in cell metabolism compared with the nonrradiated group (P < 0.05). Both energy doses promoted significant increase in the cell number as well as in cell migration (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that, under the tested conditions, LLLT promoted biostimulation of fibroblasts in vitro.

A preliminary study of hardness and modulus of elasticity in sheep mandibles submitted to distraction osteogenesis and low-level laser therapy

Objectives: The objective this study is validate the use of nanoindentation tests in research and to assess the quality of newly formed bone in sheep mandibles submitted to Distraction osteogenesis (DO) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) based on hardness and modulus of elasticity values. We also aim to determine the best moment for the application of laser therapy.

Efeito do laser de baixa intensidade no trauma agudo medular - Estudo Piloto

Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos do laser de baixa intensidade sobre a regeneração de células do sistema nervoso central, após lesão medular traumática. Métodos: Foram utilizados 20 ratos wistars, divididos em cinco grupos. Foi lesionada, por meio de cirurgia, a região de T8, expondo as meninges e ocasionando um trauma medular compressivo com a queda de um peso de 39 g que comprimiu a medula espinhal. A laserterapia foi aplicada sobre a dimensão da ferida suturada, por um período de 21 dias, em dois animais por grupo, sendo X1 o grupo controle; X2 aplicação de 4J/cm2; X3 aplicação de 10 J/cm2; X4 aplicação de 15 J/cm2 e X5 aplicação de 20 J/cm2).. Resultados: Na análise de células observou-se que todas apresentavam 75% de linfócitos na fase aguda, a presença de neutrófilos em 75% nos grupos X1 e X5, enquanto nos grupos X2 e X3, 25% de células inflamatórias. Conclusão: Constatou-se que a aplicação de laserterapia é um método não invasivo que pode auxiliar na resolução do processo inflamatório e edematoso na lesão medular, prevenindo sequelas maiores decorrentes do trauma.

Long-Term Safety of Single and Multiple Infrared Transcranial Laser Treatments in Sprague–Dawley Rats

Growing interest exists in the use of near-infrared laser therapies for the treatment of numerous neurologic conditions, including acute ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. In consideration of these trends, the objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term safety of transcranial laser therapy with continuous-wave (CW) near-infrared laser light (wavelength, 808 ± 10 nm, 2-mm diameter) with a nominal radiant power of 70 mW; power density, 2,230 mW/cm(2), and energy density, 268 J/cm(2) at the scalp (10 mW/cm(2) and 1.2 J/cm(2) at the cerebral cortical surface) in healthy Sprague-Dawley rats. In this study, 120 anesthetized rats received sequential transcranial laser treatments to the right and left parietal areas of the head on the same day (minimum of 5 min between irradiation of each side), on either Day 1 or on each of Days 1, 3, and 5. Sixty anesthetized rats served as sham controls. Rats were evaluated 1 year after treatment for abnormalities in clinical hematology and brain and pituitary gland histopathology. No toxicologically important differences were found in the clinical hematology results between sham-control and laser-treated rats for any hematologic parameters examined. All values fell within historic control reference ranges for aged Sprague-Dawley rats. Similarly, brain and pituitary gland histopathology showed no treatment-related abnormalities or induced neoplasia. Single and multiple applications of transcranial laser therapy with 808-nm CW laser light at a nominal power density of 10 mW/cm(2) at the surface of the cerebral cortex appears to be safe in Sprague-Dawley rats 1 year after treatment.

Effect of a Single Application of Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Port-wine Birthmarks on Intraocular Pressure

A new pathophysiologic mechanism has been proposed that indicates that periorbital port-wine birthmarks (PWBs) serve as alternate collateral blood passageways when orbital venous drainage is impaired. The occlusion of such collateral venous channels could, therefore, potentially exacerbate impaired ocular venous flow and trigger the development or worsening of glaucoma in patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome. We investigated to what extent a single application of laser therapy, which occludes only the most superficial portions of a facial PWB, might affect intraocular pressure. Pressures before and after laser treatment were measured to determine pressure difference in 15 patients receiving laser treatment. The greatest pressure differences were observed in patients with a PWB closest to the eye (P = .02). Posttreatment pressures were significantly decreased, relative to pretreatment pressures, only in patients with a PWB on the eyelid compared with patients with a facial PWB not near the eyes (2.33 vs 0.75 mm Hg; P = .004). No correlation was found between change in pressure and patient age, PWB size, or number of previous treatments. A single laser application to a PWB does not appear to show a clinically relevant change in intraocular pressure. Further study is needed longitudinally in a broad range of patients.

Combination of Carbon Dioxide Laser Therapy and Artificial Dermis Application in Plantar Warts: Human Papillomavirus DNA Analysis after Treatment

Various laser therapies have been used to treat viral warts, and numerous successful results have been reported, but plantar warts are notoriously difficult to treat and eradicate. This study included 35 lesions in 31 patients (17 female, 14 male) with plantar warts. We used a carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser for incisions, and the defect was covered with artificial dermis. Follow-up periods ranged from 3 to 12 months. Overall, we examined the presence or absence of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) DNA in the lesional skin of all cases and at the excisional site after treatment in 20 cases. Thirty-one of 35 lesions (88.6%) achieved complete clearance after one treatment session. We observed local recurrence in four lesions (11.4%). The application of salicylic acid was effective in treating minor recurrent cases. After complete remission, HPV DNA was not detected in the upper epidermis of the postoperative site. No significant scars or severe pain were seen in any patients. A combination of CO₂ laser therapy and artificial dermis application effectively treated the majority of plantar warts after one treatment, with complete and rapid clearance and no persistent pain. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.

P4 Clinical efficiency of application of combined laser therapy for treatment of patients with bronchial asthma associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease

P4 Clinical efficiency of application of combined laser therapy for treatment of patients with bronchial asthma associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease

O25 Application of laser therapy for reduction of changes in erythrocytes and cells of body in their pathology

O25 Application of laser therapy for reduction of changes in erythrocytes and cells of body in their pathology