Airline Cabin Research Articles

개인-환경 적합성이 조직매력성과 친사회적 서비스 행동에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of person-environmental fit on perception of organizational attractiveness and prosocial service behavior targeting airline cabin crew organizations. To this end, data were collected for cabin crew, and the research hypotheses derived through theoretical consideration were statistically tested to examine the relationship. The summary of the analysis results is as follows. First, it was found that the person-environment suitability perceived by the cabin crew partially had a positive effect on organizational attractiveness. Second, the person-organizational fit perceived by cabin crew was found to be a factor that had a positive effect on inner-role behavior and cooperative behavior among prosocial service behaviors, but did not have a direct effect on extra-role behavior. Third, it was confirmed that person-job fit has a positive effect on all pro-social service behaviors inner-role behavior, extra-role behavior, and cooperative behavior. Fourth, organizational attractiveness perceived by cabin crew was found to have a positive effect on prosocial service behavior, and it was found to have a relatively greatest effect on extra-role behavior. These results are expected to contribute to effective human resource management plans considering the suitability between cabin crew and the environment and strategies to improve the level of prosocial service behavior.

Microbial Virulence Factors, Antimicrobial Resistance Genes, Metabolites, and Synthetic Chemicals in Cabins of Commercial Aircraft.

Passengers are at a higher risk of respiratory infections and chronic diseases due to microbial exposure in airline cabins. However, the presence of virulence factors (VFs), antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), metabolites, and chemicals are yet to be studied. To address this gap, we collected dust samples from the cabins of two airlines, one with textile seats (TSC) and one with leather seats (LSC), and analyzed the exposure using shotgun metagenomics and LC/MS. Results showed that the abundances of 17 VFs and 11 risk chemicals were significantly higher in TSC than LSC (p < 0.01). The predominant VFs in TSC were related to adherence, biofilm formation, and immune modulation, mainly derived from facultative pathogens such as Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The predominant risk chemicals in TSC included pesticides/herbicides (carbofuran, bromacil, and propazine) and detergents (triethanolamine, diethanolamine, and diethyl phthalate). The abundances of these VFs and detergents followed the trend of TSC > LSC > school classrooms (p < 0.01), potentially explaining the higher incidence of infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases in aircraft. The level of ARGs in aircraft was similar to that in school environments. This is the first multi-omic survey in commercial aircraft, highlighting that surface material choice is a potential intervention strategy for improving passenger health.

Factors Associated With Airline Cabin Crews' Influenza Vaccination Intention in the Workplace-based Setting.

Yearly influenza vaccination is the best way to prevent influenza. Workplace vaccination program for airline cabin crews is an important countermeasure in the management of infectious diseases. Understanding the influenza vaccination behavior of cabin crews is essential to establishing strategies to promote vaccine uptake. This study aimed to examine factors associated with airline cabin crews' influenza vaccination intention in a workplace-based setting. We applied the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain the vaccination behavior of employees. A cross-sectional study was performed in April 2021. Participants self-reported the structured questionnaires that consisted of TPB variables, and reasons for influenza vaccination/nonvaccination in 2020. A total of 253 crew members participated, and 242 were included in the analysis. The influenza vaccination rate was 70.7% in 2020, and vaccination intention was 5.92 of 7 points in 2021. Multiple linear regression showed that influenza vaccination intention was associated with subjective norms (β = .394, p < .001), positive attitude (β = .145, p = .007), perceived behavioral control (β = .170, p = .004), actual behavioral control (β = .145, p = .010), and the previous year's vaccination (β = .163, p < .001). The model accounted for 57% of the variance in influenza vaccination intention (F = 40.959, p < .001). Our findings indicate that TPB is useful in explaining employees' influenza vaccination intention and influencing factors. Focusing on positive messages that emphasize the social effects of vaccination and providing free vaccination on specific dates are potential strategies to increase intention. It can be applied to help design on-site workplace vaccination programs for essential frontline workers.

Quantifying Risk to Flight Attendants from Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Airline Cabins Using Pharmacokinetic Modeling: A Case Report

Background: Several studies of the health problems incurred by flight attendants flying during the smoking years concluded that they suffered elevated rates of chronic bronchitis, heart disease, skin cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, reproductive cancers, middle ear infections, hearing loss, asthma, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, various pulmonary function abnormalities, plus depression and anxiety. Aims: Systematic review of secondhand smoke risks to flight attendants, exemplified using a specific case involving a deceased flight attendant who suffered from a multiplicity of tobacco-smoke-related diseases, including asthma, breast cancer, carotid artery stenosis, cataracts, cervical cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease, laryngeal cancer, pneumonia and chronic myeloid leukemia. The decedent died in 2014 at age 68, losing an estimated 18.5 years of life expectancy. Methods: Pharmacokinetic modeling was used for the first time to estimate the risk from secondhand smoke for flight attendants on typical passenger aircraft flown by the decedent during an 18 year period ending in 1988. Results: Based on in-flight cotinine dosimetry measured in an Air Canada study, typical flight attendants would have inhaled a dose-equivalent of fine particle air pollution exceeding the “Air Pollution Emergency” levels of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Air Quality Index. The secondhand smoke cotinine dose for typical flight attendants in aircraft cabins is estimated to have been 6-fold that of the average US worker and 14-fold that of the average person. Thus, ventilation systems massively failed to control secondhand smoke air pollution in aircraft cabins, and led to extreme exposures. The decedent’s estimated lifetime cancer risk from secondhand smoke was 18 times U.S. OSHA’s Significant Risk of Material Impairment of Health level of 1 per 1000 per working lifetime. Conclusions: In-flight exposure to toxic and carcinogenic tobacco smoke in smoky passenger cabins was the major risk factor leading to the decedent’s multiple smoking-related diseases, and her premature death. This has implications for the extant and future health of the cohort of surviving flight attendants exposed to secondhand smoke on aircraft during the 20th Century Era.

An Aisle Displacement Ventilation System for Twin-Aisle Commercial Airliner Cabin

The environmental control system in most commercial airliner cabins supplies air from shoulder and ceiling level and exhausts air at floor level on both sides of the cabin walls. The ventilation system mixes air in the cabins to create a relative uniform air temperature distribution which is great for passengers’ thermal comfort. However, the mixing ventilation also enhances airborne contaminant transfer. Many displacement ventilation methods have been proposed to use in aircraft cabins, but the disadvantages of the ventilation approach are usually creating draft on the passengers’ ankles and high air temperature stratification between passengers’ heads and feet. This investigation developed an aisle displacement ventilation (ADV) system which can reduce air temperature stratification effectively without occupying the legroom space under the seats, so it is good for passengers and crew members’ comfort and friendly for luggage storage, in addition, it can also be easily installed in aircraft cabins. By installing the system in a five-row, twin-aisle cabin mockup, our study found that the ADV system can create a low air velocity distribution in the cabin and can maintain an acceptable air temperature stratification without draft. The system created an uprising airflow which can effectively remove airborne contaminant which was generated from index passengers’ respiratory activities. The experimental data were used to validate a computational-fluid-dynamics (CFD) program. The validated CFD program was used to compare the ADV with under-seat displacement ventilation (USDV) and underfloor air distribution (UFAD) system along the aisles. The comparison results show that the ADV had obvious better thermal comfort than the other two systems, and the cabin air quality of the three ventilation systems was similar, all far better than the “perfectly-mixed” ventilated condition.

분배 및 절차공정성이 항공사 객실승무원의 직무성과에 미치는 영향 : 자기효능감의 매개효과

The purpose of this study is to verify the relationship between the organizational justice, self-efficacy, and job performance of airline cabin crew. In order to achieve this purpose, a structural equation model using AMOS was used in this study, and a total of 293 copies were used for analysis except for insufficient response sheets. In order to collect data, the quota sampling technique, one of the non-probability. As a result of the hypothesis verification of this study, it was verified that organizational justice had a significant influence on self-efficacy and job performance, and that self-efficacy had a mediating effect between the two factors. In addition, it was confirmed that procedure justice had a stronger influence on job performance compared to distribution justice. As a result of the hypothesis verification of this study, it was verified that organizational justice has a significant influence on self-efficacy and job performance, and that self-efficacy plays a mediating role in these relationships. In particular, it was confirmed that procedure justice had a stronger influence on job performance than distribution justice. In addition, remarkable results could be derived in relation to the cultural model and the main effect model.Through these results, we tried to present strategies and implications that can be used for human resource management in the airline cabin field.

항공사 객실승무원의 감성지능이 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향 : 자기효능감의 매개효과

This study attempted to verify how the emotional intelligence of airline cabin crew affects self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behavior and the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between them. In addition, it was confirmed that positive emotions are related to increasing positive behavior by applying a broaden-and-build theory that allows self-efficacy to expand through emotional intelligence to build organizational citizenship behavior. In order to achieve this purpose, a structural equation model using AMOS was used in this study, and a total of 293 copies were used for analysis except for insufficient response sheets. In order to collect data, the quota sampling technique, one of the non-probability. As a result of the empirical analysis of this study, it was found that all sub-factors of emotional intelligence had an effect on self-efficacy. In addition, it was analyzed that self-efficacy had a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Finally, self-efficacy was found to have a mediating effect between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behavior. Based on the results of these studies, I would like to present implications for the airline's human resource management and strategy.

Airline Cabin Crew Members’ Ambidexterity as the Sustainable Attitude for Prosocial Passenger Service

The current study aims to explore the intrinsic and extrinsic motivators for cabin crew members’ ambidexterity and to investigate the influence of ambidexterity on prosocial service behavior. The authors employed PLS-SEM to examine the model, using 428 valid samples from cabin crew members, their pursers, and managers working for airlines in South Korea. The study found that challenge, empowerment, and learning goal orientation, among the four dimensions of the intrinsic motivators, have positive and significant influences on cabin crew members’ ambidexterity. The findings also demonstrate that only service climate, among the three extrinsic motivators studied, is associated with ambidexterity. Moreover, the findings reveal a strong relationship between cabin crew members’ ambidexterity and prosocial service behaviors. Based on the findings, the authors addressed theoretical and practical implications related to sustainability literature and the industry.

Female Medical Tourists' Enplanement Intentions and Airline Cabin Design in Developing Economies

The future of medical tourism in Africa is tied to travel and aviation plays a key role in propelling tourism across borders. This study examined the influence of cabin design on the enplanement intentions of female medical tourists in Africa. Data were obtained using an online semi-structured bi-lingual questionnaire. The survey data were analysed with R software. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis and Sobel, Aroian, and Goodman tests for mediation showed that three elements of seat design (backrest, seat pitch and legroom) had both direct and indirect effects on enplanement intention. This calls for diligent attention and efforts by airlines to remodel aircraft and redefine their services as regards cabin comfort for female medical tourists. This would give the airline an edge over competitors. As a multidisciplinary study, it sets the path towards the revival of the future of travel and tourism in Africa, post-pandemic.

Numerical Study of Air Distribution and Evolution Characteristics in Airliner Cabin

The distribution and evolution of air in airliner cabins is an important basis for the study of cabin thermal environment and pollutant propagation. Due to the complex heat and mass transfer problems caused by forced and natural convection in a large-scale space, the accurate prediction of air distribution in airliner cabins still faces huge challenges. This study takes the cabin of the Airbus A320 as the research object. The accurate numerical simulation of the flow and heat transfer process in an airliner cabin under mixing ventilation mode was carried out using the Hybrid Thermal Lattice Boltzmann Method (HTLBM) combined with GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) acceleration technology, and the influence of human thermal plumes on air distribution and evolution characteristics in an airliner cabin was analyzed. The research shows that the human thermal plume changes the air distribution in the passenger cabin. The thermal plume slows down the jet attenuation, increases the energy exchange in the area near the passengers, and offsets the jet trajectory. The airflow self-locking effect is easier to form in the passenger breathing area, which increases the time for the flow field to develop into the steady state. The influence of human thermal plumes on the airflow distribution in the passenger cabin cannot be ignored.

항공사 객실승무원의 고용불안이 직무만족, 조직몰입, 고객지향성에 미치는 영향

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of job insecurity perceived by airline cabin crew on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and customer orientation. An online survey was conducted from August 1 to August 10, 2021 for cabin crews of large airlines, and a total of 250 copies were used for the analysis, excluding questionnaires that responded insincerely out of a total of 254 copies. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that job insecurity had a significant negative (-) effect on job satisfaction. Second, it was found that there was no significant negative effect on customer orientation even if job insecurity increased. Third, it was found that job insecurity had a significant negative (-) effect on the cabin crew

안전리더십, 안전문화, 안전행동 간의 구조적 관계 :항공사 객실조직을 중심으로

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationship of between safety leadership, safety culture, safety behaviors focusing on airline cabin organization Design, data, and methodology - This study used theoretical and empirical research methods. In order to achieve that purpose, empirical research was conducted using questionnaires given to 230 flight attendant who work internal FSC(Full Service Carrier) airlines. The data collected were analyzed with the SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistics package. Analysis was performed using frequency analysis, general characteristics of sample, Structural equation model was implemented for confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach''s alpha calculation, correlation analysis test. Result - The result of this study empowering leadership among safety leadership was found to affect safety culture and safety behavior. It was found that directive leadership had an effect on safety behavior and not on safety behavior. And Safety culture was found to affect safety behavior. Conclusions - The implication of this study is to safety leadership influences the safety behavior of cabin crew by establishing a safety culture in the cabin organization.

객실승무원의 자기효능감이 감정소진과 이직의도에 미치는 영향에서의 마음챙김의 조절효과

The purpose of this study was to analyze the moderating effect of mindfulness in the relationship between the self-efficacy of airline cabin crew on job burnout and turnover intention.BR As a result of analyzing a total of 175 questionnaire data, it was found that self-efficacy was a factor affecting emotional burnout, while self-efficacy and emotional burnout did not affect turnover intention respectively. In addition, the moderating effect of mindfulness was shown in the relationship between self-efficacy and emotional exhaustion, but the moderating effect of mindfulness was not shown in the relationship between self-efficacy and turnover intention.BR According to the result, considering that it had a significant effect on the emotional exhaustion of self-efficacy but did not affect the self-efficacy and turnover intention, it seemed that the difficulty of hiring airline attendants in the pandemic era had the most influence on the study. It can be seen that the results of the study reflect the situation of the times.

Choroidal structural changes in airline pilots and cabin crew.

To analyze the differences in terms of choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and choroidal thickness (CT) between the airline pilots-cabin crew and the normal population. In this prospective study, 50 airline pilots-cabin crew (study group) and 50 healthy individuals (control group) were included for comparison. For each participant, one eye, the eye with the higher OCT scan score index, was enrolled. Subfoveal CT and CVI were measured using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography system with enhanced depth imaging. There were no significant differences in terms of age and sex between the study and control groups. The mean CT was 368.5 ± 79.6 in the control group vs. 424.9 ± 80.7 in the study group (p = 0.001). CT was significantly thicker in the study group. The mean CVI was 64.3 ± 1.5 in the control group and 66 ± 3.1 in the study group (p = 0.5). There was no significant correlation between the study and control groups in terms of CVI. Airline pilots-cabin crew had thicker CT, but there were no differences in CVI when they were compared with healthy subjects. The effect of unique occupational exposures of airline pilots-cabin crew to the pathophysiology of choroidal structural alterations needs further investigation.

Impact of airlines’ human resources strategic management implementation on organizational performance : Focusing on the moderating role of organizational commitment

The global aviation industry suffered great disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic. Numbers of airplanes, routes, and employees were all reduced. However, in 2022 the situation has begun to improve, and increased travel demand means more pressure on aviation company human resources. This study examined the relationship between strategic human resource management (SHRM) and the organizational performance of airline cabin crew members. An online survey was performed to employees at a Korean full-service carrier, resulting in 279 usable samples for analysis. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) discovered three variables (training development, career development, and compensation and reward) of SHRM. Regression analysis showed that all three variables had a significant effect on organizational performance. Hierarchical regression analysis found that organizational commitment performed a moderating effect between SHRM and organizational performance. This means the effect of SHRM on organizational performance varies depending on organizational commitment. Thus, organizational commitment is an important variable that regulates the relationship between SHRM and organizational performance. The study provides broad suggestions regarding airline operations and human resource management by discussing the effect of SHRM factors on cabin crew members’ organizational performance. Moreover, the findings can suggest future methods for airline company human resource management after COVID-19.

Virus transport and infection evaluation in a passenger elevator with a COVID-19 patient.

Contaminant transport and flow distribution are very important during an elevator ride, as the reduced social distancing may increase the infection rate of airborne diseases such as COVID-19. Studying the airflow and contaminant concentration in an elevator is not straightforward because the flow pattern inside an elevator changes dramatically with passenger movement and frequent door opening. Since very little experimental data were available for elevators, this investigation validated the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on the RNG k- turbulence model to predict airflow and contaminant transport in a scaled, empty airliner cabin with a moving passenger. The movement of the passenger in the cabin created a dynamic airflow and transient contaminant dispersion that were similar to those in an elevator. The computed results agreed reasonably well with the experimental data for the cabin. The validated CFD program was then used to calculate the distributions of air velocity, air temperature, and particle concentration during an elevator ride with an index patient. The CFD results showed that the airflow pattern in the elevator was very complex due to the downward air supply from the ceiling and upward thermal plumes generated by passengers. This investigation studied different respiratory activities of the index patient, that is, breathing only, breathing, and coughing with and without a mask, and talking. The results indicated that the risk of infection was generally low because of the short duration of the elevator ride. If the index patient talked in the elevator, two passengers in the closest proximity to distance would be infected.

How should Travel-Related Malaria Management in Emergency Departments of Non-endemic Countries? Single-center Study

Purpose: Advancements in air travel enabled an increase in traveling to malaria-endemic countries such as those in sub-Saharan Africa. An increase in the incidence of imported malaria accompanied these advancements. This study aims to summarize how malaria patients who have imported the disease into non-endemic countries present to the emergency departments and to enlighten physicians in emergency departments by providing suggestions for practical approaches to handling such situations.&#x0D; Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively in a university hospital, from January 1, 2014 to March 1, 2022. Seven years of emergency department records of patients who were examined in the emergency department with a suspected, or definitive diagnosis of malaria were included in the study. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics were evaluated.&#x0D; Results: 892 patients were admitted to the emergency department with suspicion of malaria. Thirty of these patients were diagnosed with malaria, and 846 of the 892 patients were members of airline cabin crews. 94.3% (n=798) of the cabin crew did not use prophylactic medication for malaria. The mean age of the patients was 33.2±8.5. Twenty-five patients were diagnosed via peripheral blood smears, and the remaining three patients were diagnosed with PCR. Rapid diagnostic tests were positive in 26 out of 28 patients.&#x0D; Conclusion: The risk of acquiring malaria is still high despite short-term visits and airport-limited stays. Travel history should be routinely asked of patients by emergency physicians. Education of people traveling to malaria-endemic countries, including cabin crew, regarding malaria prophylaxis and protective measures to prevent mosquito bites plays a crucial role in preventing malaria.

위기상황에서의 전략적 인적자원관리가 직무역량과 경영성과에 미치는 영향 : 객실승무원을 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of strategic human resource management of airline cabin crew on job competency and business performance in crisis situations. Due to COVID-19, airlines are experiencing a lot of difficulty, and their employees are also suffering. It is also difficult for many airlines to manage their human resources. They took a leave of absence or job relocation for human resource management. It can be said that it is important to prevent the turnover of good talent and to manage the competencies of employees. This study was targeted at airline cabin crew and 275 were surveyed. The validity of the study was secured through confirmatory factor analysis, and the hypothesis was tested with structural equation modeling. As a result of the empirical study, it was found that education and training and compensation management had an effect on job competency. However, career management did not affect job competency. Job competency was found to affect business performance. As a result of the empirical study, it was found that the strategic human resource management of cabin crew affects the non-financial management performance of airlines. As a result, the purpose of this study is to help airlines' strategic human resource management and suggested that the job training of cabin crew focused on safety and hospitality should be further subdivided and that a program for career management is needed. And it was suggested that a study on the strategic human resource management of cabin crew is necessary.

항공사 객실승무원의 고용불안, 직무스트레스, 이직의도간의 관계 연구 : 직무스트레스의 매개효과와 자기효능감의 조절효과

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between job insecurity, job stress, and turnover intention, and to examine the moderating effect of self-efficacy and the mediating effect of job stress in these relationships. An online survey was conducted for cabin crew working at domestic K and A airlines, and a total of 250 copies were used for the analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was found that job insecurity of airline cabin crew had a significant positive (+) effect on job stress and turnover intention. Second, job stress was also found to have a significant positive (+) effect on turnover intention. Third, job stress had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between job insecurity and turnover intention, and self-efficacy had a moderating effect on job insecurity and job stress, job stress and turnover intention, job insecurity and turnover intention. Based on these research results, the practical problems faced by airlines are identified, and directions for airline management and efficient human resource management are presented.

Evaluating personnel evacuation risks under fire scenario of Airbus wide-body aircraft: A simulation study.

Airliner accidents are often accompanied by incidental aircraft fires, causing huge casualties and incalculable economic losses. The research on airliner fire and its emergency evacuation is the focus and difficulty of aviation safety research, but it is difficult to carry out the research through experiments, and the use of computer simulation is an effective method. This paper comprehensively studies the dynamic development of the cabin fire and the corresponding cabin evacuation when the wide-body airliner Airbus A350-900 is forced to land in two states: horizontal and forward. The spatial distribution of the remaining evacuation time at each seat is used to analyze and judge the safety evacuation risk of the airliner cabin. Finally, two evacuation optimization design ideas based on partition guidance and seat layout are proposed to improve the spatial distribution of the overall evacuation risk of passengers in the cabin and provide some reference suggestions for strengthening fire prevention in the design, manufacture, and use of airliner. Some targeted countermeasures are put forward for the emergency evacuation of passengers in the cabin in a fire situation.