Abrasive Slurry Research Articles

Effect of the waste ornamental rocks on the hydration and life cycle of Portland cement composites

The production (extraction, cutting and polishing) of ornamental rocks generates a high volume of waste (abrasive slurry) which, when dry, generates a fine powder. The main impacts generated by the inadequate disposal of these residues are the contamination of the soil and the water table, alteration of the biological chain of living beings and siltation of rivers. Few studies analyze the influence of mud heterogeneity on the hydration of cementitious composites. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of the characteristics (chemical, physical and mineral) of waste from wet processing in ornamental rock plants (marble, granite, slate, among others) of different origins on the hydration process, performance and life cycle of composite with 20% replacement of Portland cement. Heterogeneity was evaluated by chemical composition, mineralogical and physical characteristics of the waste. The reactivity of the residue was determined in the Chapelle Modified test, Thermogravimetric analysis, and expansion test by Le Chatelier needles. The evolution of hydration was studied in pastes by evaluating the setting time and using the differential scanning calorimetry test. The mortars were characterized for consistency, porosity, and compressive strength. The results indicated that the residues show considerable heterogeneity. However, this does not influence the analyzed properties of the cementitious compounds. The high reduction in axial compressive strength indicates the use of these residues in lower contents or indication of this cement with this residue for non-structural purposes. It was concluded that the filer feat accelerated the hydration reactions in a similar way to the cement removed from the mixture.

Effect of Parameters of Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) for Improving Surface Roughness for Semiconductor Material Kind Silicon

Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) is the polishing process where the top surface of a wafer is smoothed using a slurry containing abrasive grit as well as reactive chemical agents. The polishing process is partly mechanical and partly chemical. The mechanical element's main advantage is that it is achieved without great effort to manufacture and supplies good-quality general mechanical and electrical properties. In the current study, the invention reckons on the chemical and mechanical properties of the composition particles (abrasive slurry) utilized to polish silicon surfaces traveling through chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). MINITAB 17 software was used to estimate the influence of the (CMP) input variables on the surface roughness (Ra) of the silicon workpiece. Other process input variables were disk speed (rpm), the dose of abrasive, the grain size of the abrasive, and the type of slurry. In order to get the best response surface roughness, the current findings show that the constant coefficient of determination (R2) is 95.80%. Furthermore, the effects of disk speed (X1), abrasive dose (X2), abrasive grain size (X3), and type of slurry (X4) on achieving a superior surface roughness finish were 21.05%, 4.34%, 50.00%, and 24.59%, respectively.

Size distribution measurement of mixed abrasive slurry for chemical mechanical planarization using an electrospray scanning mobility particle sizer

As the popularity of mixed abrasive slurry (MAS) use in chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) increases, analysis of number concentration and mixing ratios become increasingly important. In this study, the applicability of an electrospray-scanning mobility particle sizer (ES-SMPS) to particle-size analysis of MAS for measuring number concentration and mixing ratio is investigated. Additives to improve the CMP process cause non-volatile residue (NVR) peaks, making it difficult to obtain clear particle-size distributions. Because NVR peaks are affected by the size of the generated droplets, an aerosol generator that produces droplets of different sizes. Compared to atomizers that generate large droplets, an electrospray that generates small droplets minimizes disturbance of NVR peaks, allowing for clear particle-size distributions. Using ES-SMPS, the number concentration and mixing ratio of an MAS were analyzed with no interference from NVR peaks. CMP evaluation of an MAS of a certain number concentration confirmed that using an MAS with a constant number concentration improves the removal rate. Number concentration–based MAS analysis is therefore possible using existing weight concentration–based MAS research and ES-SMPS measurements. Measurement of abrasive number concentrations using ES-SMPS can also provide more realistic information on the number of participating abrasives.

A Study on the Material Removal Characteristics and Damage Mechanism of Lapping for Pressureless Sintered Silicon Carbide (SSiC) Microlens Cavity.

Microlens arrays have been widely employed to control the reflection, refraction, and diffraction characteristics of light due to its distinctive surface properties. Precision glass molding (PGM) is the primary method for the mass production of microlens arrays, of which pressureless sintered silicon carbide (SSiC) is a typical mold material due to its excellent wear resistance, high thermal conductivity, high-temperature resistance, and low thermal expansion. However, the high hardness of SSiC makes it hard to be machined, especially for optical mold material that requires good surface quality. The lapping efficiency of SSiC molds is quite low. and the underlying mechanism remains insufficiently explored. In this study, an experimental study has been performed on SSiC. A spherical lapping tool and diamond abrasive slurry have been utilized and various parameters have been carried out to achieve fast material removal. The material removal characteristics and damage mechanism have been illustrated in detail. The findings reveal that the material removal mechanism involves a combination of ploughing, shearing, micro-cutting, and micro-fracturing, which aligns well with the results obtained from finite element method (FEM) simulations. This study serves as preliminary reference for the optimization of the precision machining of SSiC PGM molds with high efficiency and good surface quality.

Manufacturing of Large and Polished Ceramic Pistons by Cold Isostatic Pressing

This paper discusses the challenges involved in producing high-quality alumina ceramics, particularly when it comes to achieving a suitable degree of surface roughness and high accuracy. Alumina ceramics are widely used in various applications due to their exceptional properties, including high strength, wear resistance and chemical stability. The alumina ceramic pistons with the desired properties and performance were produced from commercially available raw materials. To improve the densification and mechanical properties of the sintered ceramics, an organic binder was used. The use of a diamond abrasive slurry for polishing was also studied, which has proven to be particularly effective in achieving a high degree of surface finish. The study aims to produce alumina-based pistons with a low level of surface roughness as well as discusses the techniques and methods used to achieve this goal. The results of this paper include the porosity, mechanical properties and microstructure of the alumina ceramics produced in addition to the effectiveness of the techniques and methods applied.

Improving the Polishing Speed and Surface Quality of 4H-SiC Wafers with an MnO<sub>2</sub>- Based Slurry

We carried out chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) on commercially available 6 inch SiC wafers (epi-ready products) with slurries containing different abrasive types and evaluated the latent scratch density from the mapping measurement of the wafers using mirror projection electron microscope (MPJ). Comparing to the wafer before polishing, the latent scratch density decreased on the wafer polished with MnO2+KMnO4, while that increased by polishing with Al2O3+KMnO4. The two-step polishing using first Al2O3+KMnO4 and then SiO2+H2O2 can reduce the latent scratch density to the same level as that with MnO2+KMnO4, but long polishing time is required because of the low polishing rate in the process with SiO2+H2O2. We investigated the reason why MnO2 slurry can suppress the occurrence of latent scratches by a polishing test on a wafer with an SiO2 film on its (0001)Si surface. The results suggest the oxidation of the SiC surface is rate-determining step for polishing with MnO2+KMnO4. It was also found that wafers without an SiO2 film could not be polished with only MnO2 abrasives. Thus the mechanical contribution to polishing by MnO2 abrasives in KMnO4-based slurry is smaller than the chemical contribution, which can suppress the occurrence of latent scratches. KMnO4-based slurry containing MnO2 abrasives performs the CMP process with low latent scratch density in a time shorter than that containing Al2O3 or SiO2 abrasives.

Tribological Study on Photocatalysis-Assisted Chemical Mechanical Polishing of SiC

Silicon carbide (SiC) is widely used as a power semiconductor substrate material, even if it takes a large amount of processing time to secure an appropriate surface as a wafer for devices after chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Therefore, studies on SiC CMP have focused on shortening the processing time by increasing material removal efficiency. Among the methods of SiC CMP that have been widely studied recently, the photocatalysis-assisted CMP (PCMP) method is known to efficiently increase the material removal rate (MRR) of SiC under UV light and photocatalysts. However, a limited number of comparative studies have been conducted on PCMP from a tribology perspective. In this article, a comparative study was conducted from a tribology perspective on CMP, mixed abrasive slurry CMP (MAS CMP), and PCMP. The experimental results demonstrated that SiC PCMP has higher friction and processing temperature than MAS CMP and general CMP, which may be caused by photocatalytic oxidation and the TiO2 particles used as photocatalysts.

Effect of process parameters on surface roughness of NiCu alloy in fluid jet polishing

Fluid jet polishing is a non-contact and flexible type of polishing process for generating high-quality surface finish in optical dies manufactured from ductile materials like Monel-400 (NiCu alloy). This article presents an investigation of fluid jet polishing of Monel-400 die material with a 3D printed Ti64 tool and silicon carbide abrasive slurry with an effect of pressure, stand-off distance and polishing time on the surface finish. The response surface methodology method was used to develop the experimental plan and Analysis of Variance analysis was carried out to identify the optimized values of the control parameters to maximize the percentage change in surface roughness. The validation of the developed regression model was done by polishing the plate of Monel-400 using the optimized parameters: the pressure of 9.6 bar, stand-off distance of 32.2 mm and polishing time of 170 s. The optimized fluid jet polishing parameters successfully generated a surface roughness of 90 nm in one of the experimental tests. The predicted results were in close agreement with the experimental results. Further improving the polishing efficiency, the optimal feed rate of 20 mm/min was used to polish the 40 mm × 50 mm Monel-400 plate, the surface roughness was reduced from 300 to 80 nm in 10 multiple passes showing the reduction in peaks and valleys with the surface improvement of 73.33%. The result shows that the fluid jet polishing process tends to improve the life span of Monel-400 die steel workpieces which is beneficial for the application of various industrial components such as optical lenses, marine applications, automotive components and defence applications.

Prediction and mechanism of surface evolution in high-pressure slurry jet micro-machining of channels

Recent advances in abrasive water jet (AWJ) processes have enabled controlled-depth micro milling for a variety of applications, such as micro fluidic chip manufacturing. However, AWJ micro milling can be difficult to control and its successful application requires judicious selection of the process parameters. Since the mechanics of the process have not been fully understood, prediction of the machined topography arising from a set of process parameters is difficult. The present work combines computational fluid dynamics, Lagrangian particle tracking, and a deformed geometry surface evolution technique into a comprehensive model that predicts the evolving shape of micro-channels milled on 6061-T6 aluminum plates using high-pressure abrasive slurry jet machining (HASJM). Requiring calibration using only a single channel centerline depth, the model could predict the machined profiles of micro-channels milled using multiple nozzle passes with less than a 2% error. The model was also used to investigate the underlying physics of the machining process. This allowed experimental observations to be explained in terms of the changes that occur, due to the evolving eroded shape, in stagnation zone size, particle ricochet behavior, secondary slurry flow, and local particle impact angles and velocities. Overall, the work shows that such models can not only very accurately predict evolving machined topography, but also be very useful tools to understand abrasive jet machining mechanisms which occur on time scales which are too brief to be directly observed experimentally.

Study on the Micro-Abrasion Wear Behavior of PVD Hard Coating under Different SiC Abrasive Particles/Distilled Water Ratios.

Microscale abrasion has been intensively used to study the wear behavior o several hard coatings, enabling the observation of different wear mechanisms. Recently, a study arguing whether the surface texture of the ball could influence the dynamics of abrasive particles throughout the contact was presented. In this work, the influence of the abrasive particles concentration able to change the texture of the ball was studied to understand its influence on the wear modes-rolling or grooving. Thus, tests were carried out using samples with a thin coating of TiN, deposited using the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) technique, and AISI 52100 steel balls etched over 60 s to induce a change in their texture and roughness were used. Three abrasive slurries were prepared with black silicon carbide (SiC) particles (average particle size of 4 μm) with different concentrations, 0.25, 0.35, and 0.45 g/cm3. The rotation speed used in the tests was 80 rpm and the normal loads applied in the study were 0.2 N and 0.5 N, and 1 N. After the wear tests, the coated samples and tracks on the surface of the balls were observed by SEM and 3D microscopy to understand the abrasive particle dynamics, evaluating the wear mode transition as well as the function of both applied load and slurry concentration. The tracks in the balls showed particles embedded on their surface. A lower concentration of abrasion was conducted to higher specific wear rate. Moreover, a predominant two-body wear mechanism was induced when the abrasive concentration was increased. There was an increase in the roughness of the scar and the surface of the balls with an increase in the abrasive particles' concentration.

Study on wear behaviour of aluminium-based piston alloy using different coatings

The wear rate of a piston in an engine determines how long it can run and how much power it can produce. The wear rate of lightweight piston materials used in medium cars was examined. The piston itself was used to cut the plates after it had been formed in an aluminium alloy. It was then successfully prepared for coating with hard anodizing and tin coating after being trimmed to a diameter of 90 mm. There are a number of wear tests, including the pin on the disc test, slurry abrasion test, scratch test, and erosion test to analyse the wear rate. The coating's substance and intended applications determine which wear test is used. Slurry erosion and corrosion tests for the coating are favoured for usage on automobiles. But the pin on disc and scratch tests are frequently carried out in cases where the coating is applied dry. In the current investigation, only one variable load (30 N, 40 N, and 50 N) and sliding speed (500 rpm) was chosen for the wear test. Sliding distance (1200 m) was treated as a constant. Under dry conditions, a pin-on-disc machine was used to test the wear of the coatings and soft materials. SEM analysis was used to examine the surface morphology of the coating's worn surfaces. It was discovered that as the load grew, the coating's wear rate also did. It was discovered that as the load was raised, the coating's co-efficient of friction decreased. With the aid of an optical telescope, the microstructure of the coating's worn surfaces was also inspected, although no evidence of a change in the microstructure owing to frictional heat was discovered. It was discovered that the coating's micro hardness decreased away from the wear track at the coating's cross section. Using a SEM, adhesion, deformation, and microcutting were the main wear mechanisms seen.

Study on the Wear Modes of PVD Films Using Different Concentrations of Al2O3 Abrasive Particles and Textured Rotating Balls

Abrasive wear is a wear mechanism that results in a loss of material from the interaction of a surface with hard particles. This type of wear is frequently found in the surface of machining tools. Microscale abrasion equipment is often used to characterize the resistance to abrasive wear of a surface. The different parameters able to control micro-abrasion wear tests, such as ball rotation, sliding distance between ball and surface sample, abrasive slurry concentration, normal load acting on the sample, and abrasive flow rate over the sample, have been widely studied. The combination of different variables, including sliding distance, concentration of abrasive particles, their hardness, and size of abrasive particles, promotes the transition between two-body, three-body, or mixed abrasive wear modes. However, the influence of the ball surface on the dragging of abrasive particles, which is reflected in the wear modes, is still poorly studied. One of the variables possible to control and less studied is the influence of the ball surface texture on the dragging of abrasive particles in micro-abrasion wear tests. This work intends to correlate the effect of different testing times (500, 1000, and 1500 cycles) and different concentrations of 3 μm Al2O3 abrasive slurry (25, 35, and 45 g/100 mL) on the micro abrasion resistance of a TiN thin coating film, using balls of AISI 52100 steel whose texture and roughness were prepared by 60 s chemical etching. The rotation speed of each test was 80 rpm, applying a normal load of 2 N. Subsequently, the craters were carefully analyzed using SEM to evaluate the transition of the wear mode as a function of the applied load, the abrasive particle concentration, and the sliding distance. The textured ball tracks were observed via SEM to assess the particle dynamics. The results showed that, contrarily to what is reported in the literature regarding wear modes where rolling is promoted with increasing abrasive concentration, in this work grooving took place instead. This is a result of the rough balls use in the experiments which, due to the embedment of abrasive particles in the ball grooves, promotes the abrasion mechanism. The higher the abrasive concentration, the higher the grooving mechanism, since more particles are available to scratch the surface.

Abrasive slurry jet machining system using polyurethane@silica core-shell particles for internal surfaces of axisymmetric x-ray mirrors.

Abrasive machining has been used for inner surface processing of various hollow components. In this study, we applied an in-air fluid jet as a precision machining method for the inner surface of an axisymmetric x-ray mirror whose inner diameter was less than 10mm. We employed an abrasive with a polyurethane@silica core-shell structure, which has a low density of about 1.2 g/cm3 and a relatively large particle size of about 15 µm. By using this abrasive, a practical removal rate and a smooth machined surface were simultaneously obtained. We performed figure corrections for an axisymmetric mirror and improved the circumferential figure accuracy to a sub-10nm root mean square level. To evaluate the machining performance in the longitudinal direction of the ellipsoidal surface, we also performed periodic figure fabrication on the inner surface of a 114 mm-long nickel ellipsoidal mirror. X-ray ptychography, an optical phase retrieval method, was also employed as a three-dimensional figure measurement technique of the mirror. The wavefield of the x-ray beam focused by the processed ellipsoidal mirror was observed with the ptychographic system at SPring-8, a synchrotron radiation facility. The retrieval calculations for the wavefront error confirmed that a sinusoidal waveform with a period of 12mm was fabricated on the mirror surface. These experimental results suggest that a nanoscale figure fabrication cycle for the inner surface consisting of jet machining and wavefront measurement has been successfully constructed. We expect this technique to be utilized in the fabrication of error-free optical mirrors and various parts having hollow shapes.

Investigation on fluid jet polishing of AISI H13 die steel using a single nozzle tool

The fluid jet polishing (FJP) is an ultra-precision and non-contact type polishing process for generating high-quality surface finish in automotive dies manufactured from ductile materials like AISI H13 die steel. This paper presents a study on FJP polishing of AISI H13 die steel material using a custom-designed 3D-printed Ti6Al4V (Ti64) nozzle and silicon carbide (SiC) abrasive slurry. The study presents an effect of pressure, stand-off distance and polishing time on the surface finish while using water-based abrasive slurry mixed with water-soluble cutting oil. The Central Composite Design (CCD) method was used to develop the experimental plan. ANOVA analysis was performed to develop a regression model and find the contribution of each parameter on the percentage change in surface roughness. The regression model developed for the FJP process was validated by polishing the plate specimen of AISI H13 having [Formula: see text] average initial surface roughness with the optimized parameters; pressure of [Formula: see text], stand-off distance of [Formula: see text] and polishing time of [Formula: see text]. The optimized FJP parameters were able to generate the surface roughness of [Formula: see text] in one of the confirmation tests. The results of percentage change in surface roughness obtained from the confirmation experiments were found to be very close to the predicted results which validated the regression model developed for polishing of AISI H13 using FJP process. In addition, the optimal feed rate of 20 mm/min was used to polish [Formula: see text]plate made of AISI H13, the surface roughness was reduced from 500 nm to 130 nm in 99.2 min showing the reduction in peaks and valleys with surface improvement of 74% which results in enhanced polishing efficiency.

Dry sliding and slurry abrasion behaviour of wire arc additive manufacturing – Cold metal transfer (WAAM-CMT) cladded inconel 625 on EN8 steel

Inconel 625 was cladded over tillage material EN8 with Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) - Cold metal Transfer (CMT) using varied input parameters. For examining the effectiveness of developed clads; dry sliding and slurry abrasion tests were conducted as per ASTM G65 standards under varying parameters. It has been perceived that cladded specimens have shown higher wear resistance than bare tillage material owing to their comparatively higher microhardness. The superlative results for maximum resistance to mass loss was found at 144 A current, 15.3 V voltage, 5 m/min wire feed speed, and 10 cm/min scanning speed. The bare and Inconel 625 cladded EN8 steel have showed ductile and mixed (ductile as well as brittle) mode of failure, respectively.

ANALYSIS OF THE HARD-FACED MULTI-PHASE MATERIAL WEAR PROCESS BY THE BALL-CRATERING METHOD

This paper presents the results of tribological testing performed on multi-phase layers produced by the hard-facing method. Three materials based on Fe-C-Cr alloys and containing carbide-forming elements B, V, Nb, Mn, Mo and W, used to hard-face abrasion-resistant layers, were selected for the study. The ballcratering method performed the tests in two variants: with or without an abrasive slurry. The obtained results demonstrated that all test materials showed similar wear intensity in the presence of abrasive slurry, while the wear intensity varied for the test with no abrasive slurry.

Combining discrete and continuum mechanics to investigate local wear processes induced by an abrasive particle flow

Wear caused by hard debris or abrasive slurries trapped between moving surfaces is a major industrial problem concerning engineering and agriculture machine components, causing abrasion and reducing their service life. In this context, the wear of diamond tools used to cut stones represents an interesting case study due to the particular tribological interactions involved. Diamond tools are characterised by diamonds (the cutting edge) and the metal matrix (the retaining binder). While several attempts have been made to analyse diamond wear, the wear process involving the matrix is not yet well understood. In particular, the phenomena responsible for wear at the local scale have not yet been fully investigated as they are difficult to quantify experimentally and the existing numerical models, to the authors' knowledge, greatly simplify the physical behaviour and interactions between the different materials in contact. A new code is therefore used in this work. It is able to treat the metal matrix as a deformable polycrystalline material and the debris flow by controlling the shape and size of the grains. Furthermore, the wear of the metal matrix will be described as a loss of intergranular cohesion caused by the continuous passage of debris through a cohesive contact law that also takes fatigue into account. The model will show, albeit qualitatively, that the wear of the metal surface is caused by the asperities of the debris grains, thus validating one of the fundamental assumptions behind the model defined by the same authors at a larger scale. Another aspect investigated is the relationship between the temporal evolution of wear and the roughness of the metal surface. Again, it will be shown how the temporal evolution of the metal surface is consistent with what has been observed in the literature. Moreover, due to the complexity of the model, a sensitivity study will be necessary to understand the physical significance of the parameters and how to adapt them to the specific case study. It will then be shown how these parameters can change the physics of the problem being analysed and must therefore be chosen carefully.

Surface Damage Analysis on the Application of Abrasion and Slurry Erosion in Targeted Steels Using an Erosion Test Rig

The research focuses on slurry abrasion and erosion of martensitic steels used in the mining and agricultural industries. A traditionally constructed slurry pot tester with corundum abrasives in slurry form was used for wear characterisation. Wear testing was performed on each specimen for 180 h. Every 20 h, pauses were taken to characterise the specimen size, weight, hardness, and surface roughness. The worn zone’s damage progression was studied using optical microscopy. As the test period rose, the mass loss due to the wear, which was governed by the impact angle of the slurry flow, followed a linear pattern. The impact of specimen orientation on the wear rate was more pronounced than that of abrasive flow velocity. High-speed video recordings highlighted the varied contact conditions that caused the wear mechanism to shift from abrasion to slurry erosion. Slurry abrasion was seen at the bottom of the specimen as a result of pure sliding conditions, while pitting was observed at the top of the specimen as a result of fatigue from particle impact. Studies of 3D surfaces demonstrated a decrease in wear rate while transitioning from the abraded zone, which witnessed polishing and minor hardness, to the pitting zone. The wear performance of the materials was rated, with tempered martensitic steel coming out on top.

Dry sliding, slurry abrasion and cavitation erosion of composite layers reinforced by TiC fabricated in situ in cast steel and gray cast iron

To improve the wear resistance of low-carbon steel and gray cast iron, TiC/Fe-type composite layers were fabricated using reactive casting coatings. The in situ synthesis reaction of titanium carbide (TiC) was initiated by the high temperature of the liquid alloy (SHS – self-propagating high-temperature synthesis). The structure, microstructure, hardness, and wear properties of the composite layers were investigated. Wear examinations were carried out in various environments: dry sliding, slurry abrasion, and cavitation erosion in slurry. An observation of the microstructure revealed the presence of TiC particles that were well-bonded with both types of matrices. The mechanical properties showed an almost three-fold increase in the hardness within the area of the composite layer as compared to the base alloy (1000HV1). These results were reflected in a slurry abrasion test that indicated less than half of the weight loss as compared to the monolithic matrix of the composite castings. The cavitation erosion wear mechanism of the composite layers was examined for the first time taking the surface of the sample into consideration (after polishing and as cast – casting skin). The polished surfaces were characterized by higher resistance to cavitation erosion than the as-cast samples. On the other hand, the casting skin acted beneficially as an extra coating that prevented the castings’ cores from cavitation erosion damage. • Composite layers were fabricated in situ in cast steel and cast iron. • Hardness within area of composite zones reached more than 850 HV1. • Composite layers were testes by ball on disc method, Miller test and cavity erosion. • Composite layers were tested in as – cast state and after polishing process.

Effect of brushing force on the abrasive dentin wear using slurries with different abrasivity values.

The aim of this study was to investigate the resulting abrasive dentin wear using abrasive slurries with different RDA values and applying increasing brushing forces. Forty-five bovine incisors were randomly allocated in three groups (A, B, C, n= 15). One hundred and eighty dentin samples were prepared from these incisors and allocated to twelve groups (A1-A4, B1-B4, C1-C4; n= 15). The groups were subjected to a brushing cycle (120 strokes/min, 25 min) as follows: groups A1 to A4 with an abrasive slurry (RDA=71) applying increasing brushing forces (1, 2, 3 and 4N). Groups B1 to B4 were brushed using an abrasive slurry (RDA=85) and C1 to C4 (RDA=133) applying the same above-mentioned brushing forces. Abrasive dentin wear was recorded using a stylus profilometer and compared amongst the groups using robust models. Pairwise comparisons in each model were tested and corrected after Tukey's method (α= 0.05). Applying 1-N brushing force resulted in the same amount of abrasive dentin wear in all groups regardless of the abrasivity of the used slurry. Increasing the brushing force to 2N resulted in statistically significantly higher abrasive wear in all groups. This increase in abrasive wear was much higher when the slurry with high abrasivity was used (RDA=133) compared with the lower abrasive slurry (RDA=71). The abrasivity of the used slurry does not add to the resulting abrasive wear when the brushing force is kept at 1N. It seems better to advise and help the patients (showing signs of non-carious cervical lesions) calibrating their brushing force to 1N, than only to advise them to use toothpastes with lower abrasivities.