State Of Yucatan Research Articles

The Yucatan Yellow Bat (Vespertilionidae, Rhogeessa aeneus): a New Record for Banco Chinchorro Atoll, Mexico

The Yucatan yellow bat (Rhogeessa aeneus) is a poorly known species endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula, mainly distributed in tropical forests of the three Mexican states of Campeche, Quintana Roo, and Yucatan. Here, we report the first record of this species in Cayo Centro, the main cay of Banco Chinchorro atoll, located in southern Quintana Roo, Mexico, 47 km from the mainland in the Caribbean Sea. On May 2021, we captured three individuals of R. aeneus on Cayo Centro in a low coastal forest consisting mostly of Bursera simaruba. This is the second species of bat reported for the atoll, and more studies are needed to further the investigation on the species diversity and status of the populations there.

Modelo de Minett-Wang para la competencia lingüística del maya yucateco y español en la Península de Yucatán

La lengua maya yucateca es una de las lenguas mayenses que actualmente se habla en los estados mexicanos de Campeche, Quintana Roo y Yucatán, así como en los distritos norteños de Belice tales como Corozal. Una vez que el área fue ocupada por los españoles, el español fue introducido en el siglo XVI coexistiendo con el maya yucateco durante toda la era colonial. Sin embargo, la proporción de mayahablantes ha decrecido durante los años recientes. Método: En esta investigación, modelamos la competencia entre maya yucateco y español utilizando las ecuaciones diferenciales de Minett-Wang con tres enfoques principales de preprocesamiento de los datos: un enfoque directo, un enfoque generacional y un enfoque geográfico, ajustando los parámetros de los modelos mediante Descenso de Gradiente + Momentum con los datos históricos provistos por los censos y encuestas intercensales del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) de los estados de Campeche, Quintana Roo y Yucatán desde 1930 hasta 2015. Las proyecciones poblacionales de los estados se realizaron mediante el modelo logístico. Resultados: En casi todos los enfoques se observó que la lengua maya yucateca tiende a la desaparición. El uso combinado de los enfoques directo y geográfico muestran que el maya yucateco se extinguirá en 2285 (en Felipe Carrillo Puerto-Tulum), 2390 en Campeche (en Calkiní) y finalmente en 2524 en Yucatán (en los municipios del sur y este). Sin embargo, existen dos casos donde la coexistencia es posible: Mayapán y Tahdziú. Discusión: El modelo de Minett-Wang describió adecuadamente un escenario incierto sobre competencia lingüística, dado que la lengua maya yucateca aún es numéricamente importante en la Península de Yucatán. Las zonas oriente-sur de Yucatán, centro de Quintana Roo y norte de Campeche tienen una mayor resistencia a la sustitución lingüística, pero las estimaciones paramétricas realizadas muestran que esta lengua tiende a un escenario de extinción en la mayoría de los municipios de México. Son necesarias las medidas pertinentes para minimizar este panorama en términos de políticas lingüísticas y realizar nuevas estimaciones con los resultados de los censos siguientes para actualizar los parámetros del modelo y monitorear el decaimiento del número de mayahablantes.

Perspectivas de jóvenes universitarias durante la pandemia de COVID-19

This paper aims to describe the perceptions of undergraduate female students from public and private institutions about distance education during confinement due to COVID-19 in three cities in the state of Yucatan. The methodology used was mixed research methods, based on semi- structured interviews and data analysis from national and international sources. Among the findings the challenges of both groups of students in the implementation of online education during the first months of the pandemic in 2020 were recorded. This paper's distinctiveness is that it contributes to research on the advancement of girls’ education, through the collection of primary information, in order to make suggestions that allow them to continue in the national educational system.

El uso de internet en mujeres emprendedoras de zonas marginadas del sureste de México

El emprendedurismo favorece el desarrollo endógeno de las comunidades indígenas, ya que mejora su calidad de vida, fortalece sus competencias, evita la migración, promueve el desarrollo sostenible, contribuye a la preservación del patrimonio cultural y favorece su inserción en la sociedad de la información y del conocimiento. En México, se ha constituido como uno de los temas prioritarios para el desarrollo económico del país; sin embargo, a pesar de los esfuerzos llevados a cabo por los gobiernos federales y estatales de la nación, todavía se observan serias dificultades para la participación de las mujeres rurales en este rubro. Por ello, en este trabajo se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo en el que participaron 92 mujeres emprendedoras que se encontraban en zonas sociales y económicamente marginadas o de condiciones de pobreza extrema. En concreto, las participantes residían en tres sectores del interior del estado de Yucatán, en el sureste de México, y se dedicaban a la fabricación artesanal de ropa, alimentos, adornos para el hogar y juguetes. Los resultados muestran que solo 38 % cuenta con servicio de internet y que la mayoría tiene poco entrenamiento para usarlo; además, su costo es elevado. Entre las razones para no contar con internet en el hogar se pueden mencionar el que no exista conexión en el municipio (52 %) y el que ellas no lo consideren necesario (43 %). Asimismo, se puede indicar que usan internet principalmente para ver películas, tomar fotos y escuchar música, así como para revisar el correo electrónico; de hecho, solo 13 % sabe usar un programa de contabilidad para su negocio.

Evaluation of Fresh and Thawed Semen of Pecari tajacu (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) in Yucatán Mexico

This research aimed to characterize the seminal properties of collared peccary Pecari tajacu before and after freezing, and to relate the morphometric measurements of the testes with sperm measurements before freezing. The study design was quasi-experimental in nature. The investigation was carried out at the Xmatkuil Wildlife Management and Conservation Unit and the Centennial Zoo in the state of Yucatan, Mexico, during the months of October to December 2001. Seventeen collared pecaries adult were electroejaculation from two captive populations. Macro and microscopic analyzes of fresh and thawed semen were carried out, also morphometric measurements of the testes, the data of sperm measurements were compared with Student´s t-test, a linear regression model was adjusted between spermatic and morphometric variables of the testis. Logistic regression was performed between seminal freezability and spermatic and morphometric variables. The ejaculate volume was 0.96 ± 0.98 ml, with 62.08 ± 19.10% sperm motility, concentration of 558.61 ± 537.04 x 106 spermatozoa / ml of fresh semen and vigor of 3.7 ± 0.58 on a scale of 1 to 5. On thawing the motility sperm was 35 ± 17.18% and 2.75 ± 0.62 vigor. The measurements of the sperm cell segments did not show a significant difference between the individuals of the two populations. Testicular width and sperm concentration were fitted to the logistic regression model with freezability (1 = yes, 0 = no). It is concluded that testicular width is a factor significantly associated with sperm motility and seminal freezability.

Updated Distribution of the Mysid Antromysis cenotensis (Crustacea: Peracarida), a Protected Key Species in Yucatan Peninsula Cenotes

We present 52 new geographic location records for the peracarid crustacean Antromysis cenotensis Creaser, 1936, endemic in cenotes of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. This species is currently considered threatened and, therefore, is protected by Mexican law. These results arise from several expeditions carried out between 2017 and 2020 in 75 locations within the cenote-ring, the interior, and coastal plains of the peninsula. A comprehensive literature review provided 84 geographic location records since the species was described in 1936. A map with 136 geographic location records that better describe the current species distribution is also included. With this information, plus some notes on the ecology of the species, a comprehensive literature and data review, and a brief analysis regarding the possible factors associated with the confirmed absence of the species in some locations in the state of Yucatan, we provide a brief and condensed summary of the actual knowledge on this particular species. The data in Darwin Core format can be retrieved in Zenodo.

Pesticide treatment in biobed systems at microcosms level under critical moisture and temperature range using an Orthic Solonchaks soil from southeastern Mexico amended with corn husk as support

Agriculture effluents from cleaning and handling equipment used in pesticide applications can contaminate superficial and groundwater sources when not correctly disposed of. Biobeds using soil enriched with amendments represent a viable technology to control and minimize pesticide pollution of soil and water in farmlands. They are usually installed outdoors without protection, making them vulnerable to rain flooding, lack of moisture, drought, and intense heat or cold. Temperature (T) and moisture (M) of the biomixture are considered two of the most important physical factor affecting pesticide dissipation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of T and M on the dissipation of five of the most used pesticides (carbofuran, atrazine, 2,4-D, diazinon, and glyphosate) in Yucatan State, Mexico. Three experiments using miniaturized biobeds considering optimal temperature and moisture (T of 30 ± 2 °C and 90% water holding capacity [WHC]) were performed. The optimal dissipation time and the effect of T, M variations, and volatilization was determined. The optimal dissipation time was over 14 days. Carbofuran was the least dissipated pesticide and glyphosate the most. The primary factor affecting pesticide dissipation was T (P < 0.05), reaching rates of dissipation of 99% at 45 °C. Variations of M in the biomixture were not significant on pesticide dissipation (P > 0.05). The white-rot fungi were observed; its presence was related to increments of T. Head Space analysis (at 45 °C) showed low pesticide volatilization (≤0.03%) for all pesticide used were quantified; water vapor condensation could reduce the pesticide volatilization for experimental conditions.

Conocimiento y aprovechamiento tradicional de vertebrados silvestres en la comunidad maya de Zavala, municipio de Sotuta, Yucatán, México

The relationship between Mexican ethnic groups and wildlife is known by its use for nutritional and medicinal purposes. Particularly, in the Maya culture ornamental and ceremonial uses have been attributed to the fauna. Similarly, different beliefs, stories and legends have been developed around it. The studies conducted to document these relationships in the state of Yucatan are scarce; therefore this work was raised to determine the uses and beliefs of the wildlife in the Maya town of Zavala. 174 semi-structured interviews were conducted among men and women of different ages. The significant species were then divided into seven categories of use: food, medicine, pets, ornamental, ceremonial, mythical, and ominous. 54 species related with the worldview of the residents were identified, and divided into three classes, 20 orders, 38 families, and 54 genera. The birds were the most represented with 30 species, followed by Mammalia class with 19, and Reptilia with 5. Mammals were the group with the highest general use index. With this work, it was concluded that the inhabitants of Zavala preserve in their daily activities the ancestral uses and knowledge of the wildlife. Likewise, the information collected contributes to the knowledge of ethnozoology in Yucatán.

TENDENCIAS EN LA BIOGEOQUÍMICA DEL AGUA SUBTERRÁNEA EN LA REGION AGROINDUSTRIAL DEL NORESTE DE YUCATÁN

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: The state of Yucatan has a significant amount of groundwater, but it is vulnerable to pollution due to agro-industrial contamination given the characteristics of thin soil and calcareous rocks that allow rapid infiltration of water, making easy for dissolved substances to reach the aquifer. The agro-industrial activities in the northeast of the peninsula of Yucatán promote changes in the geochemistry of groundwater in the region. &lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: Hereby, we present the observed changes in the geochemistry of groundwater by comparing three years of groundwater measurements from the agroindustrial area of Yucatan. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology&lt;/strong&gt;: We measured physicochemical parameters, nutrients and ions during three years (2017 - 2019) in 14 wells of the municipalities of Sucilá, Panabá and Tizimín (east Yucatán). &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: Our results of three years show that ammonium, sulfate, chloride and calcium had an increasing trend; whereas nitrate and phosphate show a slight decrease. The agronomic indices SAR, CROSS&lt;em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;f&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and RSC were evaluated to identify risk of sodification or alkalinization of the soil for irrigation. The water-rock interaction imparts special characteristics to groundwater that should be considered for its use in irrigation. &lt;strong&gt;Implications. &lt;/strong&gt;This research updates information on the quality of water for irrigation and provides useful agronomic indices for better agro-industrial practices in the northeast region of Yucatán.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The grouping of wells did not completely respond to the spatial location; rather, it might be a combination of seasonal effects, livestock, animal feeding operations and the use of manure and fertilizers, among others. With this research, we propose to establish the groundwater monitoring of the agro-industrial region of the northeast of Yucatan in the medium (5-10 years) and long term (&amp;gt; 20 years).&lt;/p&gt;

DISTRIBUCIÓN POTENCIAL DE Cordia dodecandra A.DC. Y SU VARIACIÓN RELACIONADA AL CAMBIO DE USO DEL SUELO EN LA PENÍNSULA DE YUCATÁN, MÉXICO

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background.&lt;/strong&gt; The study of the geographical distribution of species is very useful for understanding the patterns and processes that explain biodiversity and are raw materials for conservation planning based on the generation of maps identifying areas with a high probability of occurrence. &lt;strong&gt;Objective.&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the potential distribution (PD) of &lt;em&gt;C. dodecandra&lt;/em&gt; and land use variations in the Yucatan Peninsula (YP). &lt;strong&gt;Methodology.&lt;/strong&gt; A Species Distribution Model (MDE) was used to find areas with suitable environmental conditions for wild populations of &lt;em&gt;Cordia dodecandra&lt;/em&gt;, fifteen environmental variables were used to model the optimal conditions for the species and to create the model for PD using the MaxEnt 3.3.3k program, the georeferenced presence records available from herbaria and the data collected in the field were used to map the Known Distribution (DC) of &lt;em&gt;C. dodecandra&lt;/em&gt;. The corrected PD (DPC) was calculated by incorporating the land use data obtained from INEGI into the model. &lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;/strong&gt; The PD of &lt;em&gt;C. dodecandra&lt;/em&gt; in the YP was 2,501,938 hectares. The main environmental variables that affect the PD of the species were the type of climate, the precipitation of the wettest month, the precipitation of the wettest quarter and the annual precipitation. CPD decreased by 2 per cent (265,439 hectares) compared to PD. &lt;strong&gt;Implications.&lt;/strong&gt; The analysis identifies areas with a high probability of finding the species, which would help to initiate projects for the development of this species aimed at its conservation. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;. The areas of potential distribution with the greatest probability of presence of Siricote in the Yucatan Peninsula are: the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, the southern and central part of the state of Yucatan and the central area of the municipality of Felipe Carrillo Puerto (Quintana Roo).&lt;/p&gt;

EVALUACIÓN DE LA APTITUD DE TIERRAS PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA PORCICULTURA A ESCALA REGIONAL EN YUCATÁN, MÉXICO

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background. &lt;/strong&gt;Pig farms are an important economic activity in the state of Yucatán, but they cause great environmental damage, such as groundwater contamination, air pollution, and soil degradation, which together affect both health and economy of local populations. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this work was to spatially identify the surface suitable for the establishment of pig farms in the state of Yucatán where damage to the environment and human health are not a serious problem. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; For the elaboration of the cartographic model, four maps were used as inputs that represent the evaluation variables, they are: altitude, karst depressions, soils and duration of the rainy season. They were converted to raster formats and handled in a geographic information system. Five classes of territorial aptitude for the establishment of pig farms were defined, 1 = very low; 2 = low; 3 = mean; 4 = discharge; and 5 = very high. The index and superposition method were used to integrate the four variables in a territorial aptitude model. To assign weights to each variable, a multi-criteria decision technique called "analytical hierarchies’ method" was used. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The surface area of the territory of the state of Yucatán according to the suitability classes for the establishment of pig farms was: a very low with 21%; low with 50%; medium with 15%; high with 6%; and the very high zone with 8%. The areas of high and very high suitability for the establishment of pig farms are located in the south of the state. &lt;strong&gt;Implications:&lt;/strong&gt; the map of the suitability for the establishment of pig farms on a regional scale will be an important input for updating the "program of ecological land management" of the state of Yucatan. However, due to the particularities of the karst, it is very necessary to carry the analysis to scales greater than 1:50 000 for the development of specific pig projects. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The land evaluation model for the establishment of pig farms in the state of Yucatán on a regional scale, allows spatially identifying suitable and highly suitable areas for such activity. The most suitable territories are located in the south of the state, so it would be recommended that the growth of pig farming be those territories after consulting with the native populations.&lt;/p&gt;

A new species of predaceous midge in the genus Stilobezzia Kieffer from Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).

The predaceous midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae; tribe Ceratopogonini) in the genera Schizonyxhelea Clastrier Stilobezzia Kieffer in Mexico were recently addressed by Huerta Grogan (2017) who described one new species in each of these genera. A re-examination of specimens in the Colección de Artrópodos con Importancia Medica (CAIM), from the states of Morelos and Yucatan, revealed an undescribed species that was previously identified as Stilobezzia (Stilobezzia) femoralis Lane Forattini from Yucatan by Huerta (2002) and Huerta Grogan (2017). Herein, we describe and illustrate this species from the states of Morelos Yucatan, Mexico, as Stilobezzia (Stilobezzia) tobiasi Huerta Grogan n. sp.

ANÁLISIS DEL REGISTRO DE TEMPERATURA LOCAL EN EL SURESTE DE MÉXICO

Durante los últimos años, el planeta se ha visto envuelto en un proceso de calentamiento global, lo que lleva a la necesidad conocer más sobre variaciones de temperatura. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las tendencias anuales de temperatura máxima (variable 1) y mínima (variable 2) en el sur de México en el periodo de registro de 1960 a 2000. Las estaciones de los estados de Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco y Yucatán presentaron rangos de temperatura similares, mientras que Chiapas presenta variaciones asociadas a la orografía del estado. Los resultados para ambas mostraron una tendencia positiva en la mayoría de las estaciones. Tenían en común que gran parte de éstas, se localizan en zonas urbanizadas o con nula o muy poca vegetación. Esto puede asociarse a la manifestación de islas de calor debido a la urbanización.

Assessing Sustainability in Cattle Silvopastoral Systems in the Mexican Tropics Using the SAFA Framework.

The sub-humid native rainforest in Yucatan is one of the most endangered in Mexico. Cattle production is one of the main causes of land use change and silvopastoral systems are a feasible alternative. This work compares the sustainable performance of silvopastoral (native and intensive) and monoculture cattle farms in the state of Yucatan using the Sustainability Assessment for Food and Agriculture (SAFA) framework. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were applied in 9 farms. Responses were fed to the SAFA Tool to obtain sustainability polygons. Percentages of SAFA themes positively and negatively valuated were calculated. Native farms had positive ratings for Participation, Land, Biodiversity and Cultural Diversity, whereas intensive excelled on Holistic Management. Native farms had limited ratings for Decent Livelihood. Native farms (and one intensive silvopastoral farm) had the highest percentages of themes positively valuated compared to monocultures (and one intensive silvopastoral farm), which scored the lowest. Positive evaluations identified native systems as an option for sustainable production; however, areas of opportunity in all farms were discovered. This is the first comparative study using SAFA to evaluate differences in farming systems in the Mexican tropics, providing valuable information to generate policies and incentives on sustainable livestock production, as well as for improving evaluation tools for local application.

Identification of parasitic arthropods collected from domestic and wild animals in Yucatan, Mexico.

The morphological characterization of ectoparasites from domestic and wild animals is crucial to distinguish those that may be involved in the transmission of zoonotic pathogens. The objectives of this work were to identify parasitic arthropods collected from several hosts in Yucatan State, Mexico and to determine the prevalence of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi in sylvatic specimens of Triatoma dimidiata. Morphological traits and scanning electron microscopy were used to confirm some parasitic identities. In total, 834 parasitic arthropods of various taxa were identified. Amblyomma americanum, Amblyomma maculatum, Amblyomma parvum, Dermacentor variabilis, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus were identified from dogs, horses, sheep, and deer. The flea Ctenocephalides felis was identified from dogs and the human flea, Pulex irritans was found on horses and sheep. The Neotropical deer ked Lipoptena mazamae was identified from brown brocket deer Mazama pandora. The chewing lice Chelopistes meleagridis, Menacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, Myrsidea sp. and Lipeurus caponis were identified from poultry (Meleagris gallopavo and Gallus gallus). Other chewing lice, Tyranniphilopterus sp., Columbicola columbae, and Physconelloides eurysema were identified from wild birds Pachyramphus aglaiae, Patagioenas flavirostris and Zenaida asiatica, respectively. Trypanosoma cruzi was present in 52.5% of sylvatic adult T. dimidiata. Several of these findings represent new records of ectoparasites for Yucatan and new distribution areas in Mexico. The implications for human and animal health are discussed.

Propuesta de atención a alumnos con niveles de depresión en el nivel superior, en el estado de Yucatán

Objectives: Propose care strategies for students with levels of depression disorders in higher level students through the measurement of depression symptoms in higher level students and with the participation of experts in the psychosocial area, propose support measures of the cognitive model. Methodology: The research is of an exploratory and descriptive type and a non-experimental cross-sectional design (Hernández, et al, 2006), beginning with a documentary research, subsequently measuring the level of depression through instruments that detect the presence of depression in students to generate the proposal of attention and strategies according to the strongest causes to attend to students with levels of depression disorders. Contribution: In the January-June 2020 semester, the total number of registered students was 903 students. Of the total number of enrolled students, 473 students (53%) responded to the depression measurement instrument, it is important to highlight the committed participation of leaders and experts in the analysis of information for the generation of a comprehensive proposal for the care of higher level students, in the State of Yucatan

Evaluación del comportamiento de un fiofertilizante en el cultivo de chile habanero (Capsicum chinense JACQ.) Variedad Jaguar®

El chile habanero (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Solanacea semi-perenne con denominación de origen el estado de Yucatán, el cultivo es considerado con potencial debido a su alta rentabilidad, retornos económicos, competencia y demanda en el mercado de chile, este cultivo demanda una buena nutrición tanto de micronutrientes como macronutrientes, sin embargo un desconocimiento en cuanto al uso de los fertilizantes químicos ha ocasionado un incremento en el uso de estos, ocasionando daños irreversibles al medio ambiente, por lo anterior se ha implementado el uso de abonos orgánicos con el fin de recuperar la micro fauna del suelo y así estos organismos aceleren los procesos microbianos, de tal forma que se aumente las cantidades de nutrientes que pueden ser asimilados por las plantas. Por tal motivo se realizó una evaluación de un biofertilizante aplicado sobre lombricomposta en el cultivo de chile habanero variedad Jaguar y el efecto que tiene sobre el desarrollo y rendimiento bajo condiciones de invernadero en la FCBA ubicada en Peñuela municipio de Amatlán de Los Reyes Veracruz. El trasplante se realizó al mes de edad el día 23 de diciembre del 2019, se trabajó con 8 tratamientos y 1 testigo absoluto. El diseño experimental fue boques al azar, la parcela útil fue de 2 plantas y 3 repeticiones dando un total de 6 plantas evaluadas por tratamiento, dejando fuera las plantas de los extremos y las centrales. Las variables evaluadas fueron: altura de la planta, número de frutos por planta, dimensiones del fruto (largo y diámetro) y el peso unitario del fruto. Las variables se analizaron empleando el Statistical Analysis System (S.A.S). Las variables tuvieron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos. El biofertilizante que tuvo mejor efecto fue el de lombricomposta sin tamizar.

Hidromedusas (Cnidaria: Hidrozoa) de la laguna costera de Bocas de Dzilam, Yucatá

Background. Hydrozoan populations have an important role on the dynamic of the coastal ecosystems. However, the studies on hydromedusae in coastal lagoons from the Yucatan State are scarce. Goals. This study focuses on describe the specimens from the first taxonomic list of hydromedusae in a coastal lagoon of the State of Yucatan. Methods. Samples were obtained through circular surface trawls using a zooplankton net in the coastal lagoon of Bocas de Dzilam. Six sampling stations were established inside the lagoon and eight outside, in adjacent zones to the mouth of the lagoon. The collected hydromedusae were fixed in a 4% formalin solution and identified with specialized literature. Results. Nine hydromedusae, divided in 3 orders and 8 families were identified, from which Hydractinia carica constitutes a new record for the Gulf of Mexico; the descriptions and images of the specimens are presented in the paper. Conclusions. These results set a basis to start to understand the composition of hydromedusae in coastal lagoons of Yucatan and continue researching about this complex group. However, further research efforts are required in coastal environments of the peninsula, in order to better understand its composition and richness.

Four Species of Under-reported Parasitic Arthropods in Mexico and their Potential Role as Vectors of Pathogens.

Numerous arthropod taxa are important in human and veterinary medicine. The salivary secretions and feces of arthropods can cause allergic reactions in host vertebrates or harbor pathogens. Also, bites can be a risk factor for secondary infections. Documenting the diversity of arthropods of medical and veterinary importance remains an important aspect of disease control and prevention. We provide new records of ectoparasitic arthropods from Mexico that are of potential medical or veterinary relevance. Scanning electron microscopy along with amplification and sequencing of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene (16S rRNA) was used to confirm some species identities. We report the cat louse Felicola subrostratus from cats and the chewing louse Heterodoxus spiniger from dogs, which are common ectoparasites but largely not reported in Mexico. The chigger Eutrombicula alfreddugesi is common on wild lizards (Squamata). For the first time, E. alfreddugesi is reported on Hemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko). This reptile has a close relationship with humans and its chiggers can cause dermatitis (i.e., trombiculiasis) or transmit pathogens. In addition, the common bed bug Cimex lectularius is reported for the first time in the state of Yucatan, an atypical area for its natural distribution. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Cimex lectularius from Yucatan is closely related to genetic sequences of Cimex lectularius from China. Knowing the regional distribution of arthropods allows the design and implementation of prevention strategies for those that have potential roles as reservoirs or vectors.

Pobreza, Migración Académica y Estereotipos de Género en la Educación Superior, la Ciencia y la Tecnología

espanolEsta investigacion tuvo como proposito comprender los retos, las experiencias y las cuestiones criticas de una joven maya durante su incursion en la educacion superior tecnologica, la ciencia y la tecnologia en el sureste de Mexico. La investigacion siguio un diseno por estudio de caso cualitativo; el caso lo constituye Flor, una joven maya del estado de Yucatan que cursa la educacion superior y participa en actividades relacionadas con el fomento a la investigacion cientifica y tecnologica. Entre los resultados, se encontro que Flor enfrenta retos y cuestiones criticas vinculados a temas como la pobreza, la presion academica y expectativas familiares, la migracion y acceso a la educacion, cuestiones de genero en la familia e ingenierias “para mujeres”, la calidad de la educacion rural, asi como la influencia de modelos para la formacion academica y en investigacion. Los resultados pueden ser tomados como base para futuras investigaciones, que estudien las cuestiones criticas que emergen con poblaciones mas amplias de jovenes originarios de comunidades rurales en Yucatan, particularmente aquellos estudiantes que cursan carreras relacionadas con la ciencia y tecnologia en la region maya de Mexico. EnglishThe purpose of this research was to understand the challenges, experiences and critical issues of a young Mayan woman during her foray into technological higher education, science and technology in southeastern Mexico. The research followed a qualitative case study design; the case is constituted by Flor, a young Mayan from the state of Yucatan who is studying higher education and participates in activities related to the promotion of scientific and technological research. Among the results, it was found that Flor faces challenges and critical issues related to issues such as poverty, academic pressure and family expectations, migration and access to education, gender issues in the family and engineering women, the quality of rural education, as well as the influence of models for academic and research training. The results can be taken as the basis for future research that studies the critical issues that emerge with larger populations of young people from rural communities in Yucatan, particularly those students pursuing science and technology-related careers in the Mayan region of Mexico.