Xi Jinping Research Articles

Assessing Xi Jinping's Vision of Modernization and its Implications for Global Trade Dynamics: A Case Study of the Belt and Road Initiative

Globalization has emerged as a driving force reshaping China's economic, social, and political landscape. This paper aims to dissect the multifaceted impacts of globalization on Chinese society and political culture, specifically focusing on how Xi Jinping's vision of modernization intersects with these transformative dynamics. The synthesis of global influences and local ideologies has triggered profound shifts across various dimensions, including ideological synthesis, socioeconomic restructuring, technological evolution, governance paradigms, diplomatic engagements, and cultural identity. Drawing from a blend of scholarly perspectives, the research delves into the intricate relationship between globalization and China's political culture. It highlights the convergence of global ideas and traditional philosophies, which have catalyzed an evolving political ideology in China. Economically, globalization has facilitated market liberalization, foreign investments, and socioeconomic transformations, necessitating a recalibration of societal structures and aspirations. Moreover, the digital age has democratized communication channels, challenging established political hierarchies and fostering an evolving public discourse. Furthermore, the paper examines China's participation in global networks, emphasizing the consequential adaptations in governance, diplomacy, and the evolving narrative of Chinese identity on the global stage. Additionally, the study explores the intersection of globalization, economic interdependence, and information technology, highlighting their role as catalysts for China's evolving socio-political landscape. Ultimately, this research underscores the significance of understanding the intricate interplay between globalization, Xi Jinping's modernization vision, and the ensuing transformations within Chinese political culture. It serves as a critical lens through which policymakers, scholars, and global stakeholders can comprehend China's evolving trajectory. It offers insights into future scenarios, including the prospect of a more democratic political system within China's global interactions.

Realization of intertextuality in media-political discourse (based on the speeches of President Xi Jinping)

Realization of intertextuality in media-political discourse (based on the speeches of President Xi Jinping)

The politics of China's policy processes: A comparative review of the Advocacy Coalition Framework's applications to mainland China

AbstractDrawing on a review of 112 Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) applications to China published during 2006–2022, this article finds that, consistent with ACF assumptions, policy processes in China are complex processes of top‐down decision making, horizontal negotiation, networked influence, and bottom‐up initiation. The review finds policy processes in many subsystems of China inconsistent with one implicit assumption of the framework: the difficulty of reconciling conflicting beliefs between warring coalitions. Compared with the results from a review of the English ACF applications to countries around the globe, policy‐oriented learning and imposition by a hierarchically superior jurisdiction were identified more frequently as pathways to policy change in reviewed applications to China. The Xi Jinping administration encourages between‐coalition learning and negotiation to pursue the ideal of building a well‐off and equitable society. At the same time, his top‐level reforms have changed the long‐time status quo in some subsystems by national policy reforms.Related ArticlesNam, Aerang, and Christopher M. Weible. 2023. “Examining Experts' Discourse in South Korea's Nuclear Power Policy Making: An Advocacy Coalition Framework Approach to Policy Knowledge.” Politics & Policy 51(2): 201–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12522.Nwalie, Martin Ike. 2019. “Advocacy Coalition Framework and Policy Changes in a Third‐World Country.” Politics & Policy 47(3): 545–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12302.von Malmborg, Fredrik. 2023. “Combining the Advocacy Coalition Framework and Argumentative Discourse Analysis: The Case of the ‘Energy Efficiency First’ Principle in EU Energy and Climate Policy.” Politics & Policy 51(2): 222–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12525.

Prosodic features of public speech in Chinese political discourse

The article addresses the prosodic features of Chinese political speech, conducting an in-depth analysis through the lens of existing research by Ukrainian and Chinese linguists. The scientists emphasize the pivotal role of prosodic characteristics of political speech in shaping the audience’s perception of the speech text within the realm of political discourse. The study delves into the concept of political discourse in modern linguistics, dissecting its features and associated political rhetoric. It emphasizes the vital role of prosody and its pragmatic influence in political communication, substantiating the importance of employing prosodic means in the construction of political speech to outline the dominants of the text content and emotional impact on the listener. The author determines prosody as a crucial component of political discourse and finds out that Chinese political speech is characterized by a pronounced logical and phrasal accentuation, slower speaker’s speech rate, and longer pauses before and after semantically significant words and phrases that are of important semantic significance for the entire speech. Notably, the research findings demonstrate that the speaker changes the rhythm of the statement in order to overcome monotony and draw attention to the significant parts of the speech. Illustrating these findings with examples from the speech deliveredby Chinese President Xi Jinping in October 2022 to representatives of the Chinese Communist Party, the study shows how the rhythmical adjustments in the speaker’s statement effectively mitigate monotony. The author determines the specifics of the implementation of Chinese-language political discourse through the mechanism of prosody and concludes that the effectiveness of public speech depends on its sound patterns, demonstrating their capacity to enhance imagery and expressiveness of speech.

The translation teaching platform based on multilingual corpora of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China: Design, resources and applications

Over the last two decades, the domain of corpus-based translation studies has evolved into a significant paradigm, instrumental in probing a diverse array of scholarly inquiries. This article demonstrates the various uses of corpus analysis techniques that have gained popularity in translation studies, and it presents a new multilingual corpus. This corpus showcases the evolving nature of the field as it expands to accommodate new conceptual frameworks and methodologies. In addition to addressing the use of corpora in translating, learning, and analyzing translation within the context of multilingual corpora and machine translation, this article reports on a pilot project concerning the construction of an AI-based translation teaching platform. Utilizing multilingual corpora, the platform aims to create a foundation for extensive translation instruction and multilingual training at the tertiary level. Following a discussion on the evolution of corpus-based approaches in translation studies and their connection to the growth of translation education as a profession, the paper describes the actual design of the platform. This includes the theoretical framework, the methodology of annotation, and the execution of the software programme. These corpora are relevant not only to individuals studying translation but also to the related multilingual corpora, comprising collections of originals and their translations in the same language.

Assessing China's Efforts to Increase Self-Reliance

Since the beginning of 2018, the United States and China have been increasing tariff rates on each other's imports, spurring debates about a possible fragmentation of trade into blocs of aligned countries (Pierce and Yu (2023), Alfaro and Chor (2023)). Later that year, in a November 2018 speech to workers at a state-owned enterprise, President Xi Jinping mentioned that current events were forcing China to "travel the road of self-reliance."

功能主义目的论视域下《习近平谈治国理政》日文版中的翻译策略研究

Translation of party and government documents has always been an important part of external propaganda work. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China is a collection of party and government documents. It is an important work by General Secretary Xi Jinping on China’s governance and national development concepts. It elaborates on the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. This article takes the Japanese version of the first volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China as the main research object, adopt Skopos teleology as the theoretical framework, and focus on analyzing the translation strategies of various words and phrases that appear in the work.

Xi Jinping and the Citation of Historical Writings of Antiquity: From Rhetoric to Politics

The article examines a number of quotations from Chinese historical writings from the ancient period (up to and including the Han era) used by President Xi Jinping in his speeches during his first term in office (2012–2017). The paper is a study of the phenomenon called Xi Jinping yong dian (习近平用典 “Xi Jinping uses classics”) in terms of the intersection of historical process experience in ancient and modern periods within the rhetorical constructions of the bearer of supreme power in modern PRC. The quotations from Chinese historical monuments of the ancient period used by Xi Jinping are considered in the context of the periodization of modern Chinese history and the key stages of the domestic and foreign policies conducted in 2012–2017. Xi Jinping’s political rhetoric at these stages concerns, above all, the areas of interaction with the bureaucratic structures — the CCP and the international organizations. The author has made an attempt to find out what could be the purpose of such citations and what is behind them — a rhetorical device or something more.

On Searching for Political Groups in the Highest Levels of Power in PRC Based on Quantitative Analysis of the Articles of Renmin Ribao (2014-2018) Devoted to the Belt and Road Initiative

The paper is focused on the problem of identifying political groups inside the top levels of the PRC leadership, overcoming the main methodological hardships that emerge usually when an attempt at a classification of political actors is made. One possible way to do it would be to use the methods of quantitative analysis to locate a pattern in how the chief Chinese official mass media Renmin Ribao mentions the political actors in their publications and articles, in studying the distribution of such mentions. The articles on the Belt and Road Initiative were selected for this research. The distribution of the mention of personalities in publications on this topic allows us to distinguish two groups. The first is formed around Chinese President Xi Jinping, the second around Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the PRC. The principles of the approach to the analysis of information in media publications used in this study were generally formulated by V.G. Gelbras. The methods of distributing personalities into groups are based on the works of D.V. Deopik related to classification problems. The result of the study was a quantitatively substantiated grouping of political actors and formulation of a method to determine the political affiliation not only of figures from the highest echelons of power in the PRC, but also of those who are at lower levels, that is, those about whom there is little information in the open sources.

Is the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and Chinas Growing Global Interconnectivity More Generally, Generating Network Effects and Lock-In Dynamics?

Since its inception in 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) by Chinese President Xi Jinping has emerged as a transformative economic strategy aiming to reshape the economic landscape across Asia, Eastern Europe, and Africa. This paper examines the connection between the BRI and network theory, a relatively underexplored area in the existing body of research. The BRI, covering five continents and over 100 countries, focuses mainly on South Asia, Central Asia, and Europe, including Russia, due to their central role in the initiative. The core of this paper lies in analyzing the network effects and lock-in dynamics associated with the BRI, especially in the context of developing countries. Part II delves into the positive arguments for BRIs network effects and lock-in dynamics, drawing on Bryan Druzins theories and adding the concepts of resilience and cultural connectivity. Conversely, challenges to these network effects and dynamics are scrutinized, including sustainability issues, institutional flaws, fragmentism with Chinese characteristics, neo-colonial critiques, and cultural and ideological disparities. A case study focusing on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in Part III sheds light on both the strengths and weaknesses of the BRIs approach. In conclusion, the paper posits that while the BRI is successfully building both material and conceptual foundations for its network, the significance of its network effects and lock-in dynamics is moderated by numerous challenges.

Exploring the Path of Ideological and Political Construction in Courses under the “One Body, Two Wings” Model - Taking the Course of Engineering Law Principles and Practice as an Example

The comprehensive advancement of ideological and political construction in university courses is a significant strategic move to thoroughly implement the important educational directives of General Secretary Xi Jinping and to fulfill the fundamental task of moral education. Universities should deepen educational and teaching reforms, thoroughly explore the ideological and political resources of courses, fully leverage the educational role of each course, and comprehensively improve the quality of talent training. The course on Engineering Law Principles and Practice has explored and practiced the path of ideological and political construction in courses. With the “One Body, Two Wings” model as the construction approach, it explores the path of ideological and political construction in this course. Focusing on student development, the course unfolds teaching through innovative application in teaching and value shaping for students as two wings. In terms of value shaping, it emphasizes not only exploring the ideological and political elements of the course in line with the actual situation of students but also requires teachers to lead by example and set a model for moral education. Additionally, establishing a scientific and effective evaluation system for the teaching effects of course ideological and political education ensures the effectiveness of the entire course’s ideological and political education. The teaching of the entire course enables students to not only learn knowledge and skills but also cultivate integrity, achieving the educational goals of the course.

Practice of Xi Jinping's Ecological Civilization Thought Leading Wenzhou Ecology in the New Era

Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, the ecological practice of Wenzhou in the new era was deeply studied. With the help of literature analysis, this paper first summarizes the main content and importance of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, and points out that this thought is an important part of the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's great cause, with a strong background of the times and realistic orientation. Secondly, the article analyzes the main practice of ecological civilization construction in Wenzhou in the new era, and highlights the specific application of the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", such as focusing on promoting the development of green industries and vigorously improving environmental quality. Thirdly, from the perspective of the combination of theory and practice, the article explains in detail how Wenzhou carries out its practice according to Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, and thus reveals its internal logic and realization path. Finally, combining with Wenzhou's concrete practice, this paper deeply interprets the theoretical and practical significance of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought in the new era. It is emphasized that adhering to and developing the idea of ecological civilization and promoting the construction of ecological civilization is an important path to promote the all-round development of economy and society and realize the goal of a well-off society in an all-round way. Generally speaking, this study comprehensively and deeply discusses the problem that Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought leads Wenzhou's ecological practice in the new era from the two dimensions of theory and practice, which has strong theoretical guidance and practical reference value.

What Makes a COVID Hero in China? —A Glimpse of Heroism in Xi Jinping’s New Era

ABSTRACT After rising to power, Xi Jinping has strengthened the institutional construction of heroism to safeguard ideological security. Hero honouring system was redesigned. Laws and policies were enacted to protect heroes and encourage the public to emulate them. Xi himself delivered many speeches about his views of heroism and ordinary heroes in the New Era, but his hero discourse lacks clarity, especially in terms of heroic qualities and the concept of ordinary heroes he has emphasized. Using qualitative textual content analysis method, this research analyzed Renmin Ribao’s news stories about COVID heroes reported in 2020 and explored how heroism in the New Era was presented and exemplified in China’s most important print media. The research analyzed heroic actions the heroes carried out, heroic qualities they demonstrated, the sacrifices they made and rewards they received, and concluded that ordinariness, or ‘banality’ of heroism is the defining feature of the COVID heroes and perhaps of the heroism in the New Era. It is argued that by making heroes more accessible to ordinary people, the practicality of using heroism as a social control and governance means is enhanced.

Political Steering Theory in the Era of ‘Top-Level Design’: The Unexpected Implications of Campus Football in Xi Jinping’s China

Political Steering Theory in the Era of ‘Top-Level Design’: The Unexpected Implications of Campus Football in Xi Jinping’s China

“Китайские горки”

In Ukraine, China continues to adhere to the policy of “neutrality benevolent towards Russia”, remaining “above the fray” and at the same time looking for its place in the conflict as a “mediator” that does not condemn Russia, but does not recognize the transfer of part of Ukrainian territories to Russia. However, in Chinese society and the expert community controlled by the Communist Party of China (CPC), the attitude towards the Ukrainian crisis is changing. If at the initial stage of Russia’s Special Military Operation (SMO) in Ukraine, pro-Russian sentiments prevailed in the context of the Taiwan problem: “Russia is doing well!”, “And we need it!” Today, the angle is different: “neither for Russia, nor against”, with the addition that “the situation in Ukraine interferes with the normalization of China’s relations with the West and, above all, with the EU”. At the same time, Beijing is still interested in Russia as the main factor of “pressure on the United States” in the Sino-American confrontation. China’s two-tiered approach to Ukraine and Russia was manifested in Beijing’s reaction to the “Wagner” PMC mutiny. The official authorities limited themselves to a short statement by the Chinese Foreign Ministry: “what happened is an internal affair of Russia”. At the same time, the situation around “Wagner” caused active discussions in Chinese social networks. Their main topics were the following: how stable the situation inside Russia is, how what happened can affect Sino-Russian relations, and the development of the SMO in Ukraine. In the past three months, Beijing has stepped up its foreign policy. High-level contacts were organized with the U.S. and the EU, conciliatory proposals were made to Japan and South Korea. However, this has not yet led to an improvement in relations, although, according to Beijing’s expectations, it may lay the foundations for normalization in the future. In other areas, progress was achieved where the PRC directed its financial resources – Latin America, Africa, Central Asia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, etc. Relations deteriorated with those countries which improved their ties with the United States – India and the Philippines. Despite some personnel changes the internal political situation remains stable. Xi Jinping’ promotion as China’s “chief ideologue” in the “new era” continues. Without exception, all CPC members study Xi’s writings on “socialism with Chinese characteristics in a new era” every day. At the end of June, Xi talked at a group study of the Party’s Central Committee members about “sinified Marxism”, the importance of combining “Marxism and Chinese civilization”. China’s main problems are in the area of the economy. According to foreign experts, China’s GDP growth rate is too low. Chinese analysts, on the contrary, believe that economic growth rates turned out to be moderately high compared to a low base in 2022. The PRC is starting to react more aggressively to U.S. sanctions. A set of laws has been formed that impose restrictions on foreign companies within China. At the same time, there is a belief in the country that foreign businesses interested in the Chinese market will themselves bypass U.S. restrictions.

Evaluative representation of China's political image in modern Russian Media

The object of the study is the evaluative characteristics of the image of China presented in modern Russian media. The subject of the study is the content and language features of the estimated representation of the political image of China as one of the leading geopolitical forces in the world. The material of the work was published by Russian Internet media (2020-2023). The author examines in detail the features of the evaluation of the image of the head of state, Xi Jinping, as well as the implementation of China's domestic and foreign policy. The positive and negative evaluative characteristics of China's political image are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the formation of private values. The linguistic means of expressing evaluation used in the texts of modern Russian mass media are characterized. The conducted research allows us to conclude that a generally positive political image of China is being formed in modern Russian Internet media (81% of positive ratings). On the positive side, the personal qualities of the head of state, which are manifested in the implementation of his political activities, are evaluated. The economic situation in the country, the nature of foreign policy towards the United States, and participation in resolving the conflict between Russia and Ukraine are also generally positively assessed. A negative assessment is present only when describing the aggressive strategies in Xi Jinping's policy. In most cases, a positive absolute assessment of China's policy is designed to form the image of a stable state and a strong "player" in the political arena. The novelty of the conducted research lies in the appeal to the study of the information field relevant to the Russian public in connection with the high dynamics of the development of international Russian-Chinese relations. The peculiarities of the evaluative representation of the image of the state and the policy implemented by it in the media allow us to draw conclusions about the mechanisms of formation of evaluative meanings and impact on the mass audience in the modern information space.

Law and the Political System in Xi Jinping's China: The Decline of the Party/State Distinction

Law and the Political System in Xi Jinping's China: The Decline of the Party/State Distinction

China’s Geopolitics and Geo-Economics in the Middle East and the Gulf Countries to Achieve Sustainable Development and Common Interests

ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to examine and analyse China’s growing interest and influence in the Middle East (ME) in general and the Arab countries in particular after Xi Jinping was elected President in 2013. In addition, this article highlights the interest of the Arab countries, including the Gulf countries, in establishing strong economic and trade relations with China because they are aware that Beijing will play a bigger role in global economic relations, thus limiting the dominance of the United States (U.S.) in the global economy. We argue that China has sought to deepen its cooperation with the ME under the Belt and Road (BRI) initiative framework and to increase Chinese investments and trade ties in the Gulf countries, mainly because these countries constitute a cornerstone of China’s energy security. For their part, the ME countries supported the BRI because it aimed to improve communication infrastructure between Asia, Africa and Europe. In addition, China’s policy of promoting multilateralism will contribute to building a global community with a shared future.

Theoretical Advancement of Xi Jinping’s Socialist Thought with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era under the Construction of Knowledge Map

Abstract This paper discusses the theory and practice of constructing knowledge graph under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s socialist thought with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The study first adopts the Transformer technique based on the BERT model for effectively extracting entity relationships. Then, the article proposes an entity alignment method based on Neural Tensor Network, which enhances the semantic and structural information utilization of entity embedding vectors through optimized NTN and joint knowledge representation learning. In addition, the study employs a knowledge graph link prediction method that combines semantics and paths to fill in missing relations, and applies probabilistic soft logic to solve the inference problem of non-deterministic knowledge. Ultimately, the effectiveness of the constructed knowledge graph is demonstrated through empirical analysis of Xi Jinping’s theoretical dataset of socialist thought with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The results show that the method is more effective in dealing with polysemous words and participle errors than traditional methods, improving the data structuring level. For example, the accuracy of entity alignment is significantly better than the baseline algorithm on different datasets, e.g., on the DBP-WE dataset, its Hits@1, Hits@10 and MRR values are higher than those of the baseline by 4.01-29.49, 1.99-31.05, and 0.036-0.289, respectively. The method of this paper is remarkably effective in improving the performance of the entity alignment task, which is helpful in understanding and applying the Xi Jinping’s thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era provides new theoretical perspectives and practical methods.

Ideias de governança em Kong-Zi JiaYu e seus valores contemporâneos

Abstract: Kong-Zi Jia Yu is a book that recorded many Confucius and his disciples’ conversations and thoughts, making it an indispensable source to explore traditional Chinese culture and ideas. In particular, the governance ideas presented in the book are still highly relevant today. People-oriented thoughts were the core of governance wisdom, paradigmatic kingcraft and virtuous courtiers were a sensible part of governance, and the penological ideas further ensured the robust operations of it. In the new era, new ideas like “putting the people as the top priority”, Xi Jinping’s thoughts on building cadre teams and governing China by the rule of law have successively proposed as creative converts and innovative development of Chinese culture that has been carried forward over thousands of years. Inheriting and promoting these cultural “genes”, refining their ideological essence, are of great reference value for cultivating the current political landscape, enriching the connotation of the construction of the cadre team in the new era, adhering to the rule of law and providing ideas for the formulation of current rural governance policies.