Work Production Research Articles

Professional Standardization of Library and Information Activities

The professional standard “Specialist in Library and Information Activities” came into effect on 1 March 2023. The state regulatory document consolidates the status of the industry and the library and information profession in the system of social production. The article highlights the regulatory legal framework and a brief history of professional standardization of librarianship, which began in 2013. The adoption of the “Strategy for the Development of Librarianship in the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2030” opened a new stage in the organization of work on professional standardization of the industry. The conceptual approaches to the development of the document are analyzed: differentiated and integrated. The expediency of the integrated approach as more rational taking into account the current tasks of the industry development is substantiated. Library and information activity is presented in the document as an integral branch type of professional activity, and its functional areas — as generalized labor functions, including all production and technological processes of library work. The functional and logical structure of the professional standard and the semantic series of concepts underlying its decomposition are considered. The new nomenclature of positions of library and information specialists recommended by the professional standard is given, their qualification range is characterized, requirements to education, regular training and practical work experience are noted. It is concluded that the professional standard is a model of competences of a library and information specialist, aimed at fulfillment of the whole complex of functional tasks of a modern library. The introduction of the professional standard creates a normative basis for the formation of the qualification range of library specialists taking into account the requirements to the profession of a librarian of the digital era, the implementation of personnel strategies of libraries of different systems and departments, determines the vectors of improvement of all parts of the system of library and information education. It is a tool for managing the development and use of human resources potential of the industry. The document plays an important role as a basis for the inclusion of library and information activities in the National Qualifications System, which will significantly increase the prestige of the library profession and the industry as a whole, as well as ensure the implementation of the state library personnel policy.

Phenomenology and Critical Hermeneutics of the “Livestock” Industry and Associated Sanctuaries

Abstract A phenomenology of factory farms and slaughterhouses, as well as associated animal sanctuaries, is mounted. It is found that other animals in the former situations are reified into machine-like beings, as are the workers who deal with them. In terms of critical hermeneutics, it is found that alienation from the process and product of work and from each other and themselves happens for both human and nonhuman denizens of these contexts. In animal sanctuaries, it is found that a contrary movement of “subjectification” occurs. The ethical ramifications of these patterns are that animals become bereft of moral standing in the former institutions and are restored to moral considerability in the latter context.

3D-ПЕЧАТЬ ЗДАНИЙ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ПЕНОБЕТОНА

The article presents a method of building construction using 3D printing technology. 3D printing is the process of erecting a construction object through computer-controlled build-up of three-dimensional shapes. In this technology, the use of foam concrete of structural and thermal insulation grades is fully justified, since this material performs a bearing and enclosing function. This technology is most effective for the production of works on the construction of objects of geometrically complex struc-tures and shapes

Metabolomics analysis of larval secretions reveals a caste-driven nutritional shift in a social wasp colony

Social wasps exhibit a unique nutritional cycle in which adults feed larvae with prey, and larvae provide adults with larval secretions (LS). LS serves as a vital nutritional source for adults, contributing to the colony's health and reproductive success. The LS nutrient composition has been previously reported in various wasp species, yet these analyses focused solely on worker-destined larvae, overlooking the potential caste designation effects on LS composition.Using metabolomics techniques, we analysed and compared the metabolite and nutrient composition in LS of queen- and worker-destined larvae of the Oriental hornet. We found that queen-destined LS (QLS) contain greater amounts of most metabolites, including amino acids, and smaller amounts of sugars compared to worker-destined LS (WLS). The amino acid-to-sugar ratio in QLS was approximately tenfold higher than in WLS. Thus, as the colony transitions from the production of workers to the production of reproductives, it gradually experiences a nutritional shift that may influence the behaviour and physiology of the adult nest population. This caste-specific metabolite profile and nutrient composition of LS reflect the differences in the diet and physiological requirements of worker- and queen-destined larvae and may play a critical role in caste determination in social wasps.

HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF THE TRAINING OF DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS SPECIALISTS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE

The paper examines the historical aspects of the development specialists in decorative and applied arts training in Ukraine on the example of porcelain production (late 18th century – today) and its current state abroad. In line with the issue of introduction of this direction of decorative and applied art in our country, examples of its flourishing in the cities of Koret (production of baroque Meissen porcelain), Baranivka, Hrodnytsia, Dovbysh (Iliinskyi Manufactory, Markhlov Factory, Dovbysh Porcelain Factory, Polonsky Porcelain Factory); Poltava, Boryslav, Sumy, Ternopil (opening of porcelain factories in 1965) are characterized. It has been found that along with the foundation and development of porcelain industries there were professional schools focused on training skilled craftsmen to work in the factory, in particular schools in Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv; Myrhorod Art and Industrial School in Poltava region, etc.). The high-quality training of pottery and porcelain and faience specialists, teachers of graphic arts and drawing, masters of artistic decoration of products ready to perform significant amounts of physical work - making tiles, bulky dishes, decorating the facades of churches, houses, fireplaces, creating sculptures, interior and exterior decorations - was facilitated by the activities of famous artists and teachers S. Maslenikov, O. Slastion, and V. Krychevskyi, who also supervised the production of outstanding works and participation in industrial exhibitions. Key words: decorative and applied arts, ethnological training of specialists, porcelain production, domestic and foreign experience, ethnography.

Lower Limb Joint Mechanics during Maximal Accelerative and Decelerative Running.

Maximal acceleration and deceleration tasks are frequently required in team sports, often occurring rapidly in response to external stimuli. Accelerating and decelerating can be associated with lower limb injuries; thus, knowledge of joint mechanics during these tasks can improve the understanding of both human high performance and injury mechanisms. The current study investigated the fundamental differences in lower limb joint mechanics when accelerating and decelerating by directly comparing the hip, knee, and ankle joint moments and work done between the two tasks. Twenty participants performed maximal effort acceleration and deceleration trials, with three-dimensional marker trajectories and ground reaction forces collected simultaneously. Experimental data were combined with inverse dynamics analysis to compute joint moments and work. Net joint work for all lower limb joints was positive during acceleration and negative during deceleration. This occurred because of significantly greater positive work production from the ankle and hip during acceleration and significantly greater negative work production from all joints during deceleration. The largest contributions to positive work during acceleration came from the ankle, followed by the hip and knee joints, whereas the largest contributions to negative work during deceleration came from the knee and hip joints, followed by the ankle. Peak joint moments were significantly greater when decelerating compared with accelerating, except for the peak ankle plantarflexion and hip flexion moments, which were significantly greater when accelerating. Our findings may help to guide training interventions, which aim to enhance the performance of acceleration and deceleration tasks, while also mitigating the associated injury risk.

A statistical model for estimating size and productivity ratio in SDLC

During a software development life cycle, one has to estimate the effort and schedule required to produce a software unit. Estimates for The effort and schedule are derived from other measurements such as size and productivity Ratio. Size may be estimated using methods such as Function Point, WBS, LOC, etc., and the Productivity Ratio is expressed as Size / Time to complete the Unit of Software. Such estimates are static and do not consider real-time Parameters which cause variations from the estimate. In this paper, a statistical model for Size and Productivity Ratios is derived using Historical values after considering several factors influencing the size and the productivity ratio of produced software. Typically, an estimate of the effort and schedule is required to complete. A software work product an enhancement request or a software fix. We use Function Points or WBS to estimate the size of the software in consideration. We use baseline values for estimating productivity Ratios. Real-time values however differ from Baseline values as they are influenced by several factors. Here are some factors which would influence the Actual Size of the software Later on we will use Statistical techniques of Multivariable Parameter estimation and logistic Regression to derive run time equations of Size and Productivity Ratio.

The Undisciplined Campus Forms of Université Cheikh Anta Diop

ABSTRACT This article explores representations and lived experience of the Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), the largest public university in Senegal. While UCAD houses “disciplined” knowledges grounded in ideas of national development, this landmark institution also yields multidirectional forms of knowledge and solidarity located in student-led work and cultural production. Our analysis discusses the symbolic significance on campus of Cheikh Anta Diop, after whom the university was renamed in 1986. His body of work incarnates a fundamentally decolonial and pan-African vision, in the sense of an Africa liberated from colonial tutelage and carried forth by a young generation. In Dakar, this perspective is materialised through visual, musical and intellectual homages on campus. Yet his published writing remains marginal within the academic curriculum. The second part of the article discusses narrative representations of the university that further complicate the campus space and its Diopian promise of Afrofuturity. Infrastructural abjection, conservative societal values and gendered inequalities find expression through Mohamed Mbougar Sarr’s novel De purs hommes and through films produced by the student-led Ciné-UCAD collective. Our emphasis is on expressive creativity and entangled temporalities that rub up against institutional strategies, surging into their pressure points, and questioning anew higher education’s social role.

Clinical evaluation, useability, and utility of the Work Ability Screening Profile II (WASP II)

Introduction:
 The Work Ability Screening Profile (WASP) was conceptualised and developed by occupational therapists at the University of Durban Westville to provide a basic vocational screening assessment. Its purpose was to screen competence in generic work skills which reflected performance in activities essential to workplace participation relevant to the South African context. The assessment was revised in 2005 and renamed the WASP II. It was decided this screening assessment tool would be continuously reviewed using action research with clinicians involved in the ongoing evaluation so ensure validity and reliability for the population with which it is used. This study considered the clinical evaluation, useability and utility of the WASP II in order to inform further revision.
 Method: A cross sectional survey was used to gather data from 70 occupational therapy clinicians familiar with or using the WASP II in clinical practice.
 Results: A sample of 70 respondents indicated the WASP II was suitable to assess current work ability and production speed with a variety of clients with physical and mental health dysfunction. Ten of the 12 subtests were used by at least 40% of the time by the 28 respondents who used the WASP II frequently. These respondents reported good to adequate useability in terms of cost, sensitivity to clients’ educational level and ease of understanding instructions, incorporation into clinical practice contexts while supporting clinical reasoning and judgement. The accommodation of clients’ language and provision of standard scores were indicated as inadequate. Utility was considered adequate for all aspects including discrimination of moderate to severe dysfunction, informing the choice of other assessmentsas well as supporting vocational rehabilitation intervention. The WASP II outcomes were also understood by other service providers, employers, referring parties as well asclients.
 Conclusion: While the WASP II was considered appropriate for use in the South African context and has adequate useability and utility, some subtests need to be updated and revised in terms of the standard times and content validity for current practice in the work environment.
 Implications for practice:
 The WASP II has useability
 
 aligned with generic work skills of acquiring information or following d irections numeracy, conveying information and written communication 
 for with those with work experience and with scholars and students yet to enter the workplace The WASP II has utility in relation to • cost and clients’ educational levels 
 detailed instructions on the task layout but some standardisation needs to be interpreted with care 
 sensitivity to all aspects of assessment of generic work skills, except discrimination of mild dysfunction

Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale for Knowledge Workers: Empirical Evidence and New Validations

In order to analyze the empirical instabilities and adopt new validation procedures for the Organizational Citizenship Behavior—Knowledge Workers (OCB-KW) Scale this study was organized in two stages. In the first stage, studies were read for a general characterization of the production of works that used the OCB-KW and from these data, it was possible to characterize applications of the scale and assess their possible instabilities. In the second stage of analysis, a secondary database was used and subjected to the parallel analysis, and then to the exploratory factor analysis for the initial estimation and validation of the constructs, and in a third moment, the confirmatory estimation of the constructs and the comparison of different models. From the comparison indices between models, it can be concluded that the best structure for the Organizational Citizenship Behavior—Knowledge Workers Scale is built from five dimensions correlated with each other.

The Motivation Paradox: Exploring Copyright’s Assumptions About Creativity and the Allocation of Creative Resources

Copyright is instrumental in promoting the progress of science by encouraging authors and other creators to produce and disseminate creative works by granting them an exclusive property right over the creative resources they produce. However, only some copyrighted works correlate with this goal. Some works do not promote a better society, while others harm society’s well-being. The existence of these works demonstrates that the legal structures in copyright law are somehow encouraging the production of works that do not correlate with the goals of progress. One reason might be that the law has not adequately defined the word “progress.” The ill-definition of progress, the grant of exclusive property rights over creative resources, and the reliance on market rewards to support the incentive to create all undermine the creation of socially impactful works that have a more direct bearing on societal progress. This Article hypothesizes that the cause for the disconnect between creative production and societal progress is due to copyright law’s assumption that there is a single motivator for creativity, which is market rewards, when human beings are motivated to creativity for a multitude of reasons—some intrinsic, such as the innate desire to improve and make a difference, and others extrinsic, such as the motivator to make money from the market. This Article will show how artistic and creative works created by an intrinsically motivated author or creator can facilitate dialogue, include and support marginalized communities, create social change, and mobilize people for social innovation. This indicates that the content of creative works and their impact on society vary depending on whether the author or creator was intrinsically or extrinsically motivated when the work was created, meaning that motivators matter when producing works. As a result, this Article proposes that intrinsic motivators must be insulated from extrinsic ones and presents a taxonomy of normative arrangements of how creative resources may be allocated in society based on the first author’s and subsequent users’ motivation for creating works.

531 Transforming a Pilot Grant Program to Advance Clinical & Translational Science

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: A new mandate for Clinical & Translational Science Award (CTSA) Programs is for pilot grant funding to support clinical and translational science (CTS) projects that study challenges in the translational research pipeline. This pivot requires new structures and supports to help investigators design and implement high-quality CTS projects. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Michigan Institute for Clinical & Health Research (MICHR) at the University of Michigan (U-M) has launched two rounds of pilot funding since March 2023. Faculty and staff across U-M’s three campuses, community members, and those at collaborating institutions and hospitals were eligible to apply. New pre-award supports included a CTS project framework; a recorded webinar that educated about CTS and the funding opportunity; office hours to provide tailored project feedback; a letter of intent to screen for alignment with CTS; and reviewer training for academic and community reviewers. Funded projects operate like 'mini cooperative agreements”, with MICHR experts partnering with awardees to refine evaluation plans, prepare work products, advise on dissemination, and navigate emergent challenges. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The first round of funding was launched in the absence of pre-award supports; ten applications we received from faculty proposing translational research rather than CTS. We quickly re-released the FOA, expanding eligibility to staff. We received nine applications, ultimately funding four staff and one faculty studying operational challenges in translation and helping them create robust evaluation plans. We piloted the pre-award supports in our second round, with 40 individuals viewing our webinar and 11 attending office hours. Those who watched the webinar before attending office hours better understood how to embed CTS questions within their programs of research. We recently received 19 letters of intent, addressing both operational and scientific challenges, with 16 eligible to submit applications. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Education and personalized feedback seem to elicit a higher yield of CTS projects. Staff are already adept at solving operational challenges, so the pre-award supports were most critical for faculty accustomed to writing traditional translational research proposals. Staff have most benefited from guidance in evaluation and dissemination.

Oscillatory work and the step that generates force in single myofibrils from rabbit psoas.

The elementary molecular step that generates force by cross-bridges (CBs) in active muscles has been under intense investigation in the field of muscle biophysics. It is known that an increase in the phosphate (Pi) concentration diminishes isometric force in active fibers, indicating a tight coupling between the force generation step and the Pi release step. The question asked here is whether the force generation occurs before Pi release or after release. We investigated the effect of Pi on oscillatory work production in single myofibrils and found that Pi-attached state(s) to CBs is essential for its production. Oscillatory work is the mechanism that allows an insect to fly by beating its wings, and it also has been observed in skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers, implying that it is an essential feature of all striated muscle types. With our studies, oscillatory work disappears in the absence of Pi in experiments using myofibrils. This suggests that force is generated during a transition between steps of oscillatory work production, and that the states involved in force production must have Pi attached. With sinusoidal analysis, we obtained the kinetic constants around the Pi release steps, established a CB scheme, and evaluated force generated (and supported) by each CB state. Our results demonstrate that force is generated before Pi is released, and the same force is maintained after Pi is released. Stretch activation and/or delayed tension can also be explained with this CB scheme and forms the basis of force generation and oscillatory work production.

LEVERAGING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND ERP FOR ENHANCED OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES

Purpose: The process of making the most of digital tools in the workplace to support an organization's success is known as "leveraging on technology." By automating manual tasks more quickly, modern ERP systems free up time and funds for other important projects. Data can be aggregated by contemporary ERP systems for simpler management, access, and analysis. Method: Systems for enterprise resource planning, or ERPs, have become a vital component of contemporary manufacturing processes. These integrated software solutions are essential for improving, streamlining, and controlling many aspects of manufacturing, including financial control, customer service, production and inventory management. Manufacturers can effectively manage vital resources like labor, equipment, and materials with the help of ERP systems. ERP helps eliminate waste, minimize production delays, and maximize resource utilization by offering real-time visibility into resource allocation and availability. Result and Conclusion: Manufacturing process synchronization and automation are made easier by ERP software. Work orders, production schedules, and quality control can all be managed by it, resulting in seamless and effective manufacturing processes. In manufacturing, keeping the proper amount of inventory on hand is a difficult task. ERP systems give producers insights into demand trends, order lead times, and reorder points, which helps them optimize inventory levels. In addition to lowering carrying costs and preventing stockouts, this minimizes superfluous inventory. Implication of Research: An organization's operational model is altered by digital transformation. This process involves systems, workflow, processes, and culture. Every level of an organization is impacted by this transition, which unifies data from different departments to collaborate more successfully. Originality/Value: Enhanced Efficiency: Businesses are able to allocate resources more effectively thanks to automation and streamlined processes, which also lower operational costs and increase productivity.

MT error detection and correction by Chinese language learners

Abstract This article analyzes texts that have been generated by machine translation (MT) and post-edited by native English-speaking trainee translators (English>Chinese) who are also Chinese language learners enrolled in a four-year undergraduate translation program. The project examines the work product of trainee translators to categorize 122 errors that are (un)noticed and (un)corrected by them. MT errors in the Accuracy category were best identified and corrected, followed by those in the Lexicon and Fluency categories. Trainee translators who were advanced language learners outperformed the intermediate group in MT error detection and correction, especially in the Lexicon category. This study sheds light upon the use of raw MT output as meaningful input for trainee translators who are in the process of learning Chinese. Its findings provide information regarding the type of exercises needed in language learning and translation training for students with different levels of language proficiency.

Art and Markets in the Greco-Roman World

We study art markets in the Greco-Roman world to explore the origins of artistic innovations in classical Greece and the mass production of imitative works in the Roman Empire. Economic factors may have played a role, on one side fostering product innovations when a few rival Greek city-states competed, outbidding each other to obtain higher-quality artworks, and on the other side fostering process innovations when a large integrated market promoted art trade across the Mediterranean Sea. The evidence on art prices is consistent with this. Literary evidence on classical Greek painting from V–III centuries BC (largely from Pliny the Elder) shows that the real price of masterpieces increased up to the peak of creativity reached with Apelles. Epigraphic evidence on Roman sculpture from I–III centuries AD (largely from inscriptions at the base of statues) shows that the real price of statues was stable and largely equalized across the imperial provinces.

The influence of production factors on the formation of the health of workers in the production of synthetic rubbers, preventive measures

The petrochemical industry, which includes, along with the production of basic chemicals for the production of rubber, occupies one of the leading places in terms of potential chemical hazards to the health of workers. The high prevalence of CNID among workers of petrochemical industries is an important socio-economic problem. The issues of reducing the incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases, including those related to working conditions, the protection and preservation of the health of workers in petrochemical industries dictate the need to develop preventive measures. The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases in synthetic rubber production workers. Clinical and hygienic studies have been carried out in the production of synthetic rubber. Harmful production factors were assessed at 80 workplaces based on the materials of a special assessment of working conditions and production control data. The health status of 674 employees was studied according to the results of periodic medical examinations. The surveyed workers were represented by apparatchiks (33.2 %), locksmiths for the repair of technological equipment (12.8 %), machinists of pumping and compressor units (10.7 %), locksmiths of KIP and A (9.1 %). A number of clinical and laboratory, functional research methods have been used to assess the state of health. At the workplaces of the production of synthetic rubber, an adverse effect of chemicals on the worker’s body in combination with industrial noise, the severity of labor and microclimate in certain working areas has been established. The working conditions of employees of the main professions are assigned to the third class of the first-second degrees of harmfulness (classes 3.1–3.2). It was found that there were 17.3 % of practically healthy individuals. Among the identified chronic non-communicable diseases, the leading place was occupied by diseases of the musculoskeletal system (31.1 %), disorders of the autonomic nervous system (28.7 %), myopia (22.0 %), hypertension (12.2 %) hearing impairment (10.3 %). When evaluating the results of biochemical blood tests, the most pronounced changes were found in the indicators of lipid metabolism. Excess values of total cholesterol were detected in 40.9 % of employees. A complex of therapeutic and preventive measures has been developed aimed at reducing the risk of the formation of chronic non-communicable diseases, including measures of primary and secondary prevention.

Challenges in the Application of ABNT Standards: A Study on the Transition to Higher Education and Academic Production

The transition to higher education involves an increase in academic difficulty and the need for compliance with ABNT standards in academic work production. This study aims to analyze the main difficulties faced by higher education students in understanding and applying ABNT standards, as well as in academic work production. The research is based on a literature review, using a methodological approach to identify, analyze, and synthesize studies on these difficulties. The results reveal that lack of familiarity with ABNT standards, the complexity of the standards, and the scarcity of adequate guidance are challenges faced by students. Therefore, it is necessary for higher education institutions and responsible organizations to promote awareness and provide support in applying ABNT standards from the beginning of students’ academic journey.

MABAC-based evaluation of multimedia technology application effect in film and television post-production

Computer multimedia technology first appeared in the late 1980s, which is a functional upgrade based on the development of digital technology. It can achieve functions such as information collection, processing, and storage. Multimedia technology has received widespread attention in the entire computer field and has become a popular technology. Against the backdrop of continuous technological development, various electronic products are presented to people, bringing convenience to their lives. At the same time, they also play a huge role in the work of some industries. The application of multimedia technology, advanced editing software, and digital equipment in the production of video works can present good results and showcase excellent film and television works for people. The application effect evaluation of multimedia technology in the film and television post-production is frequently viewed as a multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) issue. The maximizing deviation method was used to obtain the weight information under intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). Depending on the MABAC (multi-attributive border approximation area comparison) method and IFSs, this paper design the intuitionistic fuzzy MABAC (IF-MABAC) method to assess the application effect evaluation of multimedia technology in the film and television post-production. Eventually, an example about application effect evaluation of multimedia technology in the film and television post-production and some comparative analysis have been employed to verify the superiority of the designed IF-MABAC method.

Dissemination event on research in fluorides and dental fluorosis in Latin America - Santiago, Chile, October 18, 19 and 20, 2023

The activities developed in the Dissemination Day of the FONIS SA21I0117 project called “Academic dissemination events of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Chile and entities participating in the study with foreign professors” are presented with the Agenda: Research in Fluorides and Dental Fluorosis”. This activity took place on October 18, 19 and 20, 2023 at the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Chile, Santiago, Chile (1). The activities carried out included a: I) Symposium on “Dental Fluorosis in Latin America”, with the participation of researchers from Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru. II) Seminar on “Feeding in children from 0 to 12 months in Chile” and III) Presentation of results of research on “Fluorides” and Fluorosis developed in Latin American countries. In the fluorosis Symposium section, six research experiences were presented by researchers from 6 presentations were made from Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Peru. At the seminar on Nutrition in children under 1 year of age in Chile there were three presentations from three government entities in the country. The presentations of free works on fluorides and fluorosis in Latin America included one work from Argentina, two from Chile, one from Colombia, two from Ecuador, one from Brazil, and one from Peru. As the production of scientific works during the event was extensive and very varied, on this occasion we will present only the expanded summaries of the round table on “Dental Fluorosis in Latin America”.