Women Of Different Ages Research Articles

Exploring how older women want to be portrayed in advertisements

Previous research has demonstrated that older women carry a stigmatized identity in society and are severely underrepresented in advertisements in all types of media around the world. Brands have been admonished to increase the presence of older women in their ads. However, it is unclear how older women wish to be depicted in ads. This study used an interpretative phenomenology analysis (IPA) approach to explore older women’s preferences regarding model appearance and roles in ads targeted toward them. Interviews were conducted with twenty women aged 53 to 71; all were white, none were severely disabled, and none were in financial distress. Participants expressed a preference for belonging: to see models that represent their actual age shown in groups of older women or with women of different ages. In addition, common advertising stereotypes were reframed using participants’ preferences to portray authentic identities: from ageless beauty to age-appropriate and attractive, and from traditional granny to woman of purpose. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

The Maternal Age Cut-Off for an Increase in Composite Adverse Outcomes.

To investigate whether there is a specific maternal age cut-off at which there is an increase in maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. A retrospective study comparing maternal and neonatal outcomes between nulliparous women of different ages. The receiver operating characteristic model with the Youden index was used to find the best age cut-off using cesarean delivery (CD) and composite adverse outcomes. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was calculated after adjusting for smoking, induction of labour, epidural use, hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, and birth weight. The study included 11 343 nulliparous women. Age 28 years was found to be the cut-off age at which we found a significant increase in adverse outcomes. Women older than age 28 years had a higher risk of CD than women younger than 28 years (35.7% vs. 21.3%, P < 0.0001). They were also more likely to deliver prematurely (11.9% vs. 7.9%; P < 0.0001) and had higher rates hypertensive disorders (2.3% vs. 1.1%; P < 0.0001) and gestational diabetes mellitus (0.4% vs. 0.1%; P= 0.001). Furthermore, their babies were more likely to be growth restricted (1.1% vs. 0.3%; P < 0.0001). There were no differences in the rates of induction of labour or macrosomia. After adjusting for confounders, we found that women older than 28 years had higher risks of CD and adverse outcomes than younger women (aOR 1.9 [95% CI 1.744-2.1] and aOR 1.6 [95% CI 1.6-1.77], respectively). Increasing maternal age is independently associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes with an age cut-off of 28 years. Women older than age 28 years are at higher risk for composite adverse outcomes than younger women.

Fine-tuning IVF laboratory key performance indicators of the Vienna consensus according to female age.

To test the validity of the Vienna consensus laboratory key performance indicators (KPIs) to monitor the outcome of treatments involving women of different age ranges. The retrospective cohort study included 862 complete IVF/ICSI cycles carried out between January 2014 and May 2021. All embryos of each cycle cohort were subject to extended culture. The overall population was divided into two groups according to female age: the Vienna consensus (≤ 39years) and older female age (≥ 40years). We compared outcomes of a selection of the Vienna performance indicators (PIs) and KPIs, with a focus on measures relevant to embryo cleavage and blastocyst formation. A possible association between total good blastocyst development rate (TGBDR) and cumulative clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) was also assessed. No differences were observed in fertilization and embryo cleavage KPIs between the Vienna consensus and the older female age group (standard IVF fertilization, 67.2 vs. 67.3; ICSI fertilization, 72.3 vs. 75.3; day 2 development, 57.6% vs 58.7%; day 3 development, 52.4% vs. 50.7%, respectively). TGBDR was lower in the older female age group (45.5% vs. 33.4% p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated female age as a factor independently associated with TGBDR. Clinical outcomes significantly decreased with increasing female age. The study suggests that, while most laboratory outcome measures are reliably applicable irrespective of female age, KPIs describing extended embryo culture should be fine-tuned in consideration of older female age.

Використання пробіотичних препаратів для відновлення мікрофлори жінок

The purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness of probiotics to restore the microflora of women. Materials and methods. Correction of the microflora of the urogenital tract in dysbacteriosis in the development of various pathological conditions is one of the fundamental conditions for comprehensive treatment of the underlying disease. The urogenital microflora of 80 voluntary women of different ages was examined using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method, who applied to the Medical Diagnostic Center of the Medical Academy (Dnipro) with various dysbiotic disorders. For this purpose, samples from the vagina were taken from women aged 19 to 55 years. The real-time polymerase chain reaction method was used. With the help of this method it is possible to objectively and accurately assess the system of biocenosis of the vagina in a short time by quantitative and qualitative assessment of different groups of microorganisms and identify the relationship between them. Results and discussion. A study of the antagonistic activity of probiotic strains: L. plantarum («Lactobacterin dry»), L. acidophilus («Acilact»), L. rhatnosus 573 («Bioselak»), L. reuteri RC-14 («Vagilak») was carried out as for the condition-pathogenic clinical strains S. aureus, E. coli, P. vulgaris, G. vaginalis, C. albicans, detected in dysbiotic disorders of the urogenital tract of women using the method of perpendicular strokes. The probability of differences between the compared values was estimated using Student's t-test. To correct the microflora, probiotic preparations containing lactose-containing strains were used: L. plantarum («Lactobacterin dry»), L. acidophilus («Acilact»), L. rhatnosus 573 («Bioselak»), L. reuteri RC-14 («Vagilak»). The analysis of research results was performed using statistical data processing methods. Statistical processing of the results was performed using Microsoft Excel programs. According to the results of the study, it was found that among 80 patients, 30 (37.5%) had a normocenosis. In 50 of them (62.5%) various pathological conditions of the urogenital tract of women caused by opportunistic pathogens were identified. It has been proven that in dysbiotic disorders of the microflora of the urogenital tract there is a decrease in the amount of Lactobacillus spp. from to CFU/ml, against the background of increased S.aureus, E. coli, P. vulgaris, G. vaginallis, Megashera spp., Mobiluncus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Candida spp. in an amount from to CFU/ml. It was determined that the strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus 573, Lactobaccillus reuteri RC-14, isolated from probiotic preparations against opportunistic pathogens Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, showed the greatest antagonistic activity. It was shown that cultures of Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus 573 showed high activity against S. aureus (10.25 mm±0.2 mm), E. coli (9.75 mm ± 0.4 mm), P. vulgaris (9.8 mm ± 0.4 mm), G. vaginalis (9.05 mm ± 0.25 mm), C. albicans (9.75 mm ± 0.4 mm). Cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus were less antagonistically active, with the exception of S. aureus and P. vulgaris, the zones of suppression of their growth were 8.7 mm ± 0.3 mm and 7.4 mm ± 0.3 mm. Conclusion. Positive dynamics of recovery of women urogenital tract microbiota at the use of probiotic drugs «Bioselak» and «Vagilak» is revealed. «Vagilak» probiotic proved to be more effective. The percentage of recovery of lactobacilli was 87%, with the use of «Bioselak» probiotic this figure was 69.6%

PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION OF THE LATEST PLANT-VITAMIN COMPLEX FOR PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ESTROGEN-DEPENDENT DISORDERS IN GYNECOLOGY

Possibilities and prospects of correcting women's health disorders associated with hypoestrogenic conditions of various etiologies or hormonal imbalances are considered. The causes of estrogen deficiency and features of complaints in women of different ages with an emphasis on peri- and menopause are systematized. An alternative to menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) with the use of phytovitamin preparations is considered. The relationship of hormonal metabolism with vitamin and mineral status, feasibility and benefits of complex phyto-, vitamin- and mineral preparations is shown. The therapeutic efficacy of medicinal plants that are part of the complex phytopreparation "Forevia Maxi" ("Organosyn LTD") in accordance with the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS): vasomotor (shortness of breath, hot flushes, night sweats, blood pressure fluctuations), genitals and atrophy of the vagina, itching, burning, cystalgia, urinary incontinence, dyspareunia) complications, memory and cognitive impairment, decreased sexuality, libido, sleep disorders, mood swings, anxiety, depression, aggravating psycho-emotional state, osteoporotic changes. Data from clinical trials of phytoextracts are shown, which demonstrate that the effect of the components of Forevia Maxi significantly exceeds the effect of placebo, and sometimes not less than with the use of MHT. The obvious benefits of this tool and as an adjunct to the basic therapy of PMS and hypoestrogenic conditions, characterized by ease of use, good safety profile, allows you to individualize the approach to patients, which is important in cases of medical contraindications for hormone therapy. Forevia Maxi is also the most appropriate for use with MHT, as an additional component of the correction of hypothalamic-pituitary disorders and saturation of the body with essential minerals and vitamins.

Establishment of Multiple Parameter Reference Intervals for Different Age Groups in Qingdao, China.

In this article, we have explored the establishment of multiple parameter reference intervals for different age groups in Qingdao, China. According to the age of subjects, the healthy adult population of different ages in Qingdao was randomly selected as the research object. According to the age of subjects, they were divided into 18–24-year-old, 25–39-year-old, 40–49-year-old, 50–64-year-old, and >65-year-old groups, respectively. The sample size of each age group was 120 male and female samples, and 60 male and female samples of >65-year-old subjects were selected. The data of subjects were collected, a questionnaire survey was completed, serum samples were collected, and the parameters of male and female groups of different ages in Qingdao were compared. The parameters of the male and female groups were compared in the same age group. The reference intervals of parameters of the male and female groups were compared in different ages. There were significant differences in the levels of FBG, AST, BUN, Cr, Hb, FT3, TT3, FT4, TT4, VB12, PROG, CYFRA 21-1, and SCC among men of different ages (P < 0.05). Among them, the levels of FBG, AST, BUN, VB12, CYFRA 21-1, and SCC in >65-year-old men were significantly higher than those in 18–24-years-old men, and the levels of Hb, FT3, TT3, FT4, TT4 in >65-year-old men were significantly lower than those in 18–24-year-old men (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in FBG, ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, Hb, TSH, FT3, TT3, FT4, TT4, VB12, CYFRA 21-1, anti-TPO, and ferritin levels among women of different ages (P < 0.05). Among them, the levels of FBG, ALT, AST, BUN, and ferritin in women aged >65 were significantly higher than those in women aged 18–24 (P < 0.05). The levels of FBG, ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, Hb, FT3, TT3, FT4, TT4, and VB12 in women aged 50–64 were significantly higher than those in women aged 25–39, and the levels of TSH were significantly lower than those in women aged 25–39 and significantly higher than those of the female population aged 40–49 (P < 0.05). The levels of ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, Hb, FT3, TT3, FT4 and ferritin in males aged 18–24 were significantly higher than those in females, while the levels of TSH, VB12 in males aged 18–24 were significantly lower than those in females (P < 0.05). The levels of FBG, ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, Hb, FT3, TT3, FT4 and ferritin in males aged 25–39 were significantly higher than those in females, while the levels of TSH, VB12, CYFRA 21-1 in males aged 25–39 were significantly lower than those in females (P < 0.05). The levels of FBG, ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, Hb, FT3, TT3, FT4, CYFRA 21-1 and ferritin in males aged 40-49 were significantly higher than those in females, and the levels of VB12, anti-TG, anti-TPO in males aged 40-49 were significantly lower than those in females (P < 0.05). The levels of FBG, ALT, BUN, Cr, FT3, TT3 and ferritin in males aged 50-64 were significantly higher than those in females, while the levels of VB12, anti-TG in males aged 50-64 were significantly lower than those in females (P < 0.05). The levels of Cr, Hb and ferritin in males >65 years old were significantly higher than those in females (P < 0.05). The reference intervals of various parameters are different among different ages and genders. The establishment of multiparameter reference intervals for different age groups in Qingdao, China, is of great significance for the early diagnosis and evaluation of various diseases in Qingdao, China, so as to reduce the missed diagnosis rate of diseases and improve people's quality of life.

Gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue in women of different ages and body mass index observed by magnetic resonance imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a recognized method to assess the morphological characteristics of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). This study aimed to assess objectively different characteristics of SAT of women with different ages and body mass index (BMI) using MRI. Retrospective, observational study. Pelvic-MRI exams of 133 women aged between 15 and 80years, with BMI 16-30kg/m2 were assessed. There was a moderate positive correlation between the total fat thickness and the BMI (r=0.64; p<0.0001) considering the entire sample. Within the different age groups, strong positive correlation was observed for age groups 15 to 30years (r=0.76; p<0.0001) and 46 to 60years (r=0.75; p<0.0001), and moderate positive correlation in the others (r=0.61; p<0.0001 [31-45years] and r=0.53; p<0.0001 [>61years-old]). There was no correlation between age and fat layer thickness. Correlation between deep fat layer thickness and BMI showed similar pattern to that of the total fat layer. Within the different BMI groups, SAT thickness tends to decrease with aging in patients with low BMI. Inside each age group, the average thickness of the total fat layer increases according to BMI. The results suggest that BMI influences the thickness of SAT throughout life and how SAT changes with age in patients with different BMI. In patients with moderate BMI, the thickness of SAT remains stable.

Differences in Decision-Making Capacity Among Mexican Women of Different Ages

Differences in Decision-Making Capacity Among Mexican Women of Different Ages

Emotional Impact of Graphic Health Warnings on Tobacco Packaging: Analysis of Their Content.

The use of graphic health warnings (GHWs) on tobacco packaging is one of the most widely used public health strategies worldwide, but there is little evidence of the emotional impact of its content and craving they generate. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the emotional and craving responses to GHW content. The study included 300 men and women of different ages (adolescents, young adults, and adults), both smokers and non-smokers. We evaluated the participants’ emotional and craving responses to 16 GHWs with different content (i.e., cancer, cardiovascular disease, abortion, and childhood illness). We analyzed the effects of sex, smoking status, and age. GHWs exhibited the capacity to elicit aversive emotional states, with low levels of arousal and high levels of dominance and did not produce craving. GHWs that showed images of cancer and abortion had the greatest emotional impact. Non-smoking adolescent females experienced the greatest emotional impact of GHWs. The results suggest that GHWs effectively reduce the attractiveness of cigarette packages and discourage consumption, and increasing the size of GHWs may favor avoidance of the package. GHWs that depicted explicit threats had a greater emotional impact, especially in women.

Age-Dependent Metabolomic Profile of the Follicular Fluids From Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology Treatment.

Female fertility declines with age, and this natural variation culminates in reproductive senescence. Human follicular fluids are rich in low-molecular weight metabolites which are responsible for the maturation of oocytes. The metabolomic approaches are powerful tools to study biochemical markers of oocyte quality in the follicular fluids. It is necessary to identify and quantify the reliable metabolites in follicular fluids reflecting oocyte developmental potential. The goal of this study is to conduct a metabolomic analysis of the follicular fluids in women of different ages and study the metabolomic profile of the follicular fluids in relationship with oocyte quality in assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. A total of 30 women seeking for ART treatment at the Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from October 2014 to April 2015 were recruited for the present study. Fifteen women aged from 39 to 47 were grouped as advanced maternal age, and the other 15 women aged from 27 to 34, as young controls. Ovarian stimulation and oocyte retrieval were conducted using a regular protocol involving mid-luteal pituitary down-regulation and controlled ovarian stimulation. Follicular fluids from mature follicles were collected and centrifuged for analyses. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) were used to perform the quantitative metabolomic analysis. The follicular fluid levels of 311 metabolites and the metabolic significance were assessed. 70 metabolites showed significant differences between women with young and advanced ages. Follicular fluids from women with advanced age showed significantly higher levels of creatine, histidine, methionine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, choline, mevalonate, N2,N2-dimethylguanosine and gamma-glutamylvaline, as compared to those from the young age group. 8 metabolites were found significantly correlated with maternal age positively. Moreover, 3 metabolites were correlated with the number of oocytes retrieved, and 5 metabolites were correlated with cleaved embryo numbers, both negatively. The follicular fluids from women undergoing ART treatment exhibited age-dependent metabolomic profile. Metabolites associated with oocyte quality were identified, suggesting them as potential biomarkers for oocyte maturation and ART outcomes.

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Uropathogens among Non Pregnant Women: A Hospital based Cross Sectional Study from Odisha

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most delicate health problem affecting women with severe complications and the rising antimicrobial resistance exerts a massive influence in treating UTIs. The objectives of this study was to identify the uropathogens causing UTI in non-pregnant women and their antibiotic resistance pattern. The study was undertaken in the outpatient department (OPD) of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Capital Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha during April 2015 to March 2016. A total of 766 midstream urine samples (MSU) was collected from women of different age. Out of 766 urine samples, 323 (42.1%) samples were culture positive for UTI with prominent bacteriuria. E.coli was found to be the most common isolate (54.79 %) followed by Staphylococcus sp. (22.6%), Enterobacter sp. (17.64%) and Klebsiella sp. (4.95%). Amongst various clinical symptoms, burning and itching during urination was found to be the most common (69.97%) symptoms followed by abnormal discharge of the vagina (45.20%) and the presence of cloudy urine (24.46%). E.coli the most predominant uropathogen identified was found to be highly susceptible towards a low level of resistance towards nitrofurantoin (11.8%) followed by amikacin (20.03%) and gentamicin (22.0%). Our study revealed that E. coli isolates were the predominant uropathogens and showed escalating model of resistance to the general available antimicrobial agents which are frequently used by the physicians in hospitals and private practice.

Romani Women and Health: The Need for a Cultural-Safety Based Approach.

The Romani are the main European ethnic minority. The Romani people’s situation of social vulnerability and their difficulties accessing the health system make their health indicators worse than those of the non-Romani population. The present study will delve into health beliefs, and experiences with health services and professionals, through the perspectives of Romani women. In this qualitative study, 16 women of different ages were interviewed in a city located in the South of Spain. Four themes emerged from the analysis of the data: the construction of the identity of Romani women, difficulties in life, health and disease beliefs and barriers to accessing the health system. We conclude that every project for the improvement of the health of the Romani community must take into account the active participation of Romani women and must consider the principles of Cultural Safety, by delving into the intercultural training of health professionals and addressing the social determinants of health which affect the Romani collective.

Breaking the ageing paradigm in endometrium: endometrial gene expression related to cilia and ageing hallmarks in women over 35 years

AbstractSTUDY QUESTIONDoes age affect endometrial gene expression?SUMMARY ANSWERUsing unsupervised artificial intelligence methods, we report for the first time that endometrial gene expression changes from 35 years of age in women.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYFemale fertility declines with age, largely attributed to declining oocyte quality and ovarian reserve. Combined with other evidence, a longstanding paradigm holds that age does not affect the endometrial function and age has not been controlled for properly in endometrial studies.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATIONA retrospective in silico analysis was performed of endometrial transcriptomic data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) sample repository for 27 women of different ages. Results were validated in an independent gene expression dataset of 20 endometrial samples from women aged 23–43 years.PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODSA systematic search was performed in GEO from October 2016 to January 2019 to identify transcriptomic studies involving women of different ages. Included samples were from norm-ovulatory, women of reproductive age (23–49 years) with regular menstrual cycles who were free of endometriosis and used as controls in a previous endometrial study. We used raw gene expression data and metadata from these samples to investigate the effect of age on endometrial gene expression. Files were downloaded, pre-processed and explored for potential confounding variables and outliers. Artificial intelligence methods were applied to define age groups, and differential expression and functional analyses were applied to demonstrate and understand the effect of age on gene expression at the molecular level. Functional results were validated in an independent gene expression dataset of 20 endometrial samples from women aged 23–43 years.MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCEAnalysis of the initially retrieved endometrial datasets revealed the age of participants was not available (33.33%) or traceable (43.33%) in most studies. However, one study was suitable for age analysis (GSE4888, n = 27, 23–49 years). Samples showed different transcriptomic profiles according to age, beginning at 35 years. A total of 5778 differentially expressed genes and 27 significantly altered endometrial functions (false discovery rate (FDR) &amp;lt; 0.05) were associated with endometrial gene expression changes related to age. Interestingly, 81.48% of affected functions were related to up-regulation of ciliary processes, with 91 genes involved in cilia motility and ciliogenesis. Other functions included dysregulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor signalling pathway and inhibition of epithelial proliferation triggered by 37 genes involved in cell cycle arrest, angiogenesis, insulin signalling and telomere protection. These findings were validated in an independent dataset using a non-targeted approach; 20 up-regulated ciliary processes (FDR &amp;lt; 0.02) and 6 down-regulated functions related to cell cycle arrest were identified as affected by age, among other hallmarks of ageing such as DNA repair inhibition or sugar metabolism (FDR &amp;lt; 0.05).LARGE SCALE DATAData underlying this article are available in GEO, IDs: GSE4888 (main dataset) and GSE102131 (validation dataset).LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTIONThis study is limited in size, as are most studies of endometrial transcriptomics where whole-transcriptome analysis considers nearly 22 000 variables in a relatively small population. Yet, our study includes a main sample set and subsequent validation set that enhances reproducibility of our results and provides reasonable evidence for concluding that age affects endometrial gene expression. A larger study prospectively controlling for patient characteristics is needed to accurately describe changes related to age, with a higher sample size and across a wide age range. Additional studies also are necessary to determine the endometrial ageing contribution to infertility for ultimate translation to a clinical setting.WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSOur findings support an influence of age on the endometrium in a genome-wide functional approach, breaking the endometrial ageing paradigm in human reproduction. To our knowledge, this work is the first to identify, using a genome-wide functional non-targeted approach, ciliary processes as the primary dysregulated function associated with maternal age. These results should guide the research community to control for age as a potential confounding variable in endometrial gene expression studies and to consider endometrial ageing in further studies as a potential cause of infertility in the clinical setting. The reported functional dysregulations could contribute to diminished embryo implantation with age and further studies will demonstrate if such dysregulation underlies some cases of implantation failure. Additionally, the discovery of these functional alterations could enable mechanistic studies, particularly around the age-related increase in uterine pathologies.STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)This research was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III through Miguel Servet programme (CP20/00118) granted to Patricia Diaz-Gimeno (Spanish Government) co-funded by FEDER; and by IVI Foundation (1706-FIVI-041-PD). A.D.-P. (FPU/15/01398) and A.P.-L. (FPU18/01777) are granted by the pre-doctoral programme fellowship from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Spanish Government). The authors do not have any competing interests to declare.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERN/A

Внутриличностные ресурсы поведения педагога в сфере здоровья

Introduction. The article focuses on health and wellness behavior patterns of teachers as an important factor promoting a value-based attitude to health in students. The research is a comparative analysis of health behavior in teachers with different levels of intrapersonal resources. Materials and Methods. The study involved 120 teachers doing a professional development course at the Kamchatka Institute of Educational Development in 2020. The methods included Janoff-Bulman’s World Assumptions Scale (WAS) (adapted by M. A. Padun and A. V. Kotelnikova); Maddi’s Hardiness Survey (adapted by Ye. N. Osin); the subscale “Purpose in Life” of the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being (adapted by N. N. Lepeshinsky). The health behavior of teachers was assessed using questionnaires and the methodology “Attitude to a Significant Life Situation” by E. Yu. Korzhova and A. V. Berdnikova. Results. The study involved two experimental groups (EG) of teachers with different levels of intrapersonal potential: EG 1 (66 people) of teachers with a high level of intrapersonal resources and EG 2 (39 people) of teachers with a lower level of resources. The groups included women of different age, work experience, educational levels and subject areas. Teachers with different levels of intrapersonal resources showed differences in behavioral patterns, e.g., sleep adequacy (φ* = 2.63**); attitude to seeking help of a psychologist (φ* = 1.8*) and significant relatives, e.g., a spouse (φ* = 3.76**); attitude regarding significant situations: acceptance (φ* = 2.33**), active participation (φ* = 2.25*), optimistic forecast (φ* = 2.78**); self-assessment of health (φ* = 3.29**); the subjective representation of somatic health, e.g., the frequency of headaches (φ* = 1.85*), etc. Conclusion. The obtained data allow to identify prevention targets as regards health. They also contribute to the solution of applied issues in the system of professional development of teachers.

Новые возможности терапии железодефицитных состояний у женщин в различные возрастные периоды

Nowadays, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnant and perimenopausal women has become an important social and healthcare problem. Despite the implementation of various projects and the availability of multiple clinical guidelines on early anemia diagnosis and prevention, no significant reduction in the global prevalence of IDA is observed. The article discusses the clinical efficacy of a new combination drug, containing ferrous sulfate and folic acid which is used for the treatment of iron deficiency during pregnancy, and the assessment of ferrous sulfate efficacy in perimenopausal women. The article presents a review of literature sources published in the last five years which describe the trials of sustained-release bivalent iron formulations with and without folic acid. The drugs were administered to women with gynecologic diseases that caused a chronic iron loss during menopause and to patients with iron deficiency during pregnancy. The authors discuss the most important findings of the clinical trials assessing sustained-release bivalent iron formulation and its combination with folic acid which were used for treating pregnant women and gynecological patients of different ages. The literature data demonstrate that the combination drug, containing ferrous sulfate and folic acid is characterized by high clinical efficacy in the studied female populations with IDA. KEYWORDS: sideropenia, iron deficiency, iron-deficiency anemia, pregnancy, bivalent iron, folic acid, menopause, perimenopause, gynecological diseases. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Markova E.A. New treatment options for iron deficiency in women of different ages. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):201–208 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-201-208.

Распознавание речевого сигнала монгольского языка по слогам

In this paper, we considered the possibility of Mongolian speech recognition using a neural network. At the same time, we applied a method with highlighting the syllable of a recognizable word, since in the Mongolian language words are formed by adding a suffix to its root. And the method of extracting the syllable of a word allows you to reduce the size of the database, since there is no need to save the features of each word. The neural network was trained using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, which is more stable and faster when working with a small database. The experiment used 4 words of the Mongolian language with one or two syllables. The words were written directly into the computer using the Matlab software. The speakers who voiced these words are 11 people, men and women of different ages. Of these, 1 person aged 20–30 years, 7 people aged 30–40 years and 3 people aged 60–70 years. In addition, the neural network recognizes the area in speech where the noise occurs in order to distinguish and separate the speech area from the noise. The trained network recognizes the words of the Mongolian language by syllables from the database with a probability of 96.5 %.

«È l'arte che conta non l'età». "Aging", divismo e protagonismo femminile in "Siamo donne"

The film Siamo donne (We, the Women, 1953), written by Cesare Zavattini and divided into five episodes, represents an iconic case study to observe women of different ages and belonging to distinct generations. On the one hand, the first episode focuses on the ambitions of the young girls participating at the contest “Four stars and a starlet”; on the other hand, the following episodes, starring four celebrities playing the part of themselves, highlights the disillusions and regrets of mature women both in their private and professional life. Work, household, motherhood, and nostalgia are the main topics that interrelate with the portrayals of female aging provided by each episode. The film is a valuable opportunity to reflect upon the practices of cinema consumption and stardom in the 50s, especially from the contestants’ point of view. Throughout the analysis, we will also pay attention to voice over narration and the function of acousmatic voice as a memory device and expression of female subjectivity.

Study on the Impact of Online Courses for Pregnant and Lying-In Women on Maternal and Infant Health during the Epidemic.

The sudden outbreak of the new crown pneumonia has brought online learning from a supporting role to the center of the teaching stage in an instant. On the basis of the feasibility analysis and demand analysis of the microcourse learning system, this paper uses Sina cloud server to build the WeChat public platform learning online course and designs and implements the microcourse learning system function based on the microcourse public platform. We completed the recording, editing, publishing, and testing of microclass courses and provided services for teachers and pregnant women's microclass learning in order to achieve better learning results. A total of 151 people regularly participate in maternity school courses, accounting for 30.4%. There are 190 people who have never attended the maternity school course, accounting for 38.2%. There are 156 people who occasionally participate in maternity school courses, accounting for 31.4%. The top five sources of health information during pregnancy are books, maternity schools, experience of elders, the Internet, and television. The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that pregnant women of different ages had statistically different scores in the dimensions of knowledge and ideas (P < 0.05). There are statistical differences in the scores of pregnant women with different economic incomes in this dimension (P < 0.05). The women with economic income ≥5000 yuan/month have the highest scores, and those with economic income ≥5000 yuan/month have the lowest scores. The scores of pregnant women who participated in the maternity school were significantly higher than those who did not participate in the maternity school (P < 0.05). There are statistical differences in the scores of maternal and child health basic skills among pregnant women of different age groups (P < 0.05). The women aged ≥35 years old have the highest scores, and those aged 20–24 years old have the lowest scores. The differences in the scores of pregnant women with different economic incomes in this dimension are statistically significant (P＜0.05). The women with economic income ≥5000 yuan/month have the highest score, and those with economic income<2000 yuan/month have the lowest score. Participation in maternity schools has an impact on the scores of this dimension. Pregnant women who regularly participate in maternity schools have the highest average scores, and those who do not participate in maternity schools have the lowest average scores.

New vietnam through the eyes of its people

The review is given for the book Vietnamese. Lifelines of a People by Benot de Trglod. 26 interviews with Vietnamese men and women of different ages and places of residence, professions and social status create a portrait of the Vietnamese people, a picture of their current life, character, beliefs and culture.

DYSMENORRHEA: FEATURES OF ETIOPATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT

Dysmenorrhea is a cyclic pathology, characterized with the appearance of pain on the menstruation eve or in its first days. This condition affects the quality of life of women on a daily basis, causes absences at study and work, and restricts participation in sports competitions or social events. In addition, many women experience constant emotional stress associated with dysmenorrhea. However, if the treatment is chosen correctly, general prognosis is good. Complications depend primarily on the intensity of pain, which affects a woman's quality of life and daily activities. If the primary dysmenorrhea is not associated with any pathology or disease and does not have any serious complications, then the secondary one, depending on the etiology, the complications may indicate infertility, pelvic prolapse, severe bleeding and anemia. Nonsteroidal anti−inflammatory drugs have been shown to be the first line of treatment for dysmenorrhea. In severe cases, higher doses of these drugs or combination / adjuvant therapy are prescribed. If their use does not provide sufficient improvement of the patient's condition, hormonal drugs are prescribed in a cyclic mode, i.e. progestogens or combined oral contraceptives. All oral hormonal contraceptives are considered effective in reducing the pain of dysmenorrhea in girls, but in adult women, especially in secondary amenorrhea, data on the effectiveness of hormonal contraception are poor and contradictory. A balanced, healthy diet improves the dysmenorrhea course, so it is important that women are aware of its need. Vitamins and dietary herbal supplements have also been quite effective in dysmenorrhea treatment. Further investigations of modern methods of hormonal contraception, the possibility of their long−term and safe use in dysmenorrhea in women of different ages is promising. Key words: dysmenorrhea, nonsteroidal anti−inflammatory drugs, oral hormonal contraceptives.