Volume Of Products Research Articles

Adaptation of agricultural production to wartime realities: preservation of economic security of Ukraine

The article examines the problems and challenges of the production and sale of agricultural products that Ukrainian farmers faced during the martial law. The need for agricultural enterprises to respond to unforeseen actions, while avoiding a complete structural restructuring or destruction of the system, has been determined. What exactly is determined by the flexibility of such enterprises? The priority ways of responding to problems with exports are outlined: increasing the volume of domestic consumption, attracting investments, expanding sales markets, using state support. Import problems that appeared with the outbreak of the war in Ukraine were identified. The main ones are the decrease in the number of countries that are ready to export their vegetable products to Ukraine due to the deterioration of the political and economic situation; an increase in the cost of transporting vegetable products due to an increase in the risks and costs of transportation through the conflict zone; deterioration of the quality of vegetable products due to difficult storage and transportation conditions; an increase in the cost of vegetable products due to an increase in the costs of its cultivation and processing in exporting countries; a decrease in the volume of imports due to a decrease in the demand for vegetable products in Ukraine. The indicated areas of the flexibility of agricultural production in the conditions of martial law: the ability to quickly change the types and volumes of cultivated crops in accordance with market conditions and changes in consumer preferences; the ability to quickly change the volume and range of products produced, the ability to effectively use resources such as water, fertilizers, energy and labor through the introduction of resource-saving technologies; the ability of enterprises to adapt their workforce to changing production requirements and conditions; ability to effectively manage finances, including budgeting, financial analysis and risk management to ensure financial sustainability and flexibility in production. Therefore, the flexibility of production in combination with the principles of universality, adaptability and adaptability is a key aspect in overcoming food security in modern conditions.

Изменение массовой доли жира и белка в зависимости от уровня удоя коров разных линий за первую лактацию

Quantitative and qualitative indicators of milk productivity play an important role in determining the protein content in milk. Such information is of great importance for breeding work, which is aimed at increasing the volume and quality of products. The economic and breeding value of animals is determined by a comprehensive analysis of data on quantitative and qualitative productivity. Quantitative indicators include the volume of milk produced by animals over a certain period of time, as well as its fat content and protein content. Genetic factors, animal keeping conditions and feeding play an important role in achieving optimal indicators of milk productivity. Breeding work is aimed at choosing parents with the best indicators of milk productivity in order to pass these characteristics to the next generation. Thanks to this approach, it is possible to produce high-quality milk and increase its volume, which has a positive effect on the economic efficiency of agricultural

Effect of replacing wheat flour with red carrot powder on the physicochemical and sensory properties of cake

The study aimed to produce cake by replacing wheat flour with red carrot powder by 0, 15, 20, and 25% and studying its effect on physicochemical and sensory properties. The chemical estimates showed that the moisture content decreased as the replacement percentage increase compared to the control sample. The protein, fat, and ash percentage increased with increasing percentages of red carrot powder. A study of some physical characteristics of the treatments with different ratios of substitution showed that the higher the substitution ratios for red carrot powder, the greater the weight and volume of the cake product. In contrast, the specific volume of the cake was the highest value for the cake without red carrot powder added. As for the height of the cake, it was the highest value at the replacement ratios of 20 and 25%, represented by treatment T2 and T3, respectively, compared to the control sample. The sensory evaluation of the cake product showed that the color characteristic recorded the highest value in treatment T1. The odor recipe was distinguished upon treatment T2 and T3. The taste characteristic of the cake product differed significantly from the rest of the treatments T0 and T1, and the texture recipe recorded the highest value on transaction T3. The results of the pH values indicated a gradual decrease in the pH values during storage for all treatments of the cake product, compared to the control sample, and the occurrence of damage and spoilage of the product after 30 days. The results of the water activity values of the cake models manufactured for different proportions during different storage periods 1, 10, 20, and 30 days showed a gradual decrease with the increase of time.

Improving the country’s food security in the conditions of developing a circular economy

This article discusses the analysis and trends of the country's food security. Even at the current stage of agriculture occupies an important place at the economic and social level. Increasing the production and export potential of agriculture greatly contributes to improving the well-being of the rural population, economic growth, and maintaining the balance of the consumer market. In an econometric model was proposed and forecasts were developed. Expected indicators for 2022-2027 are determined based on the number of food products per capita. Uzbekistan plans to increase the composition and production volume of industrial consumer products for 2021-2030, and this strategy is currently working rapidly. The goal of this strategy is to develop mechanisms that increase food safety, enrich the food segment of the markets in the region, provide the population with cheap food products, and improve a healthy competitive environment along with opening a wider path to foreign trade.

ПРОЧНОСТЬ И ДЕФОРМАТИВНОСТЬ ДЕРЕВЯННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ, АРМИРОВАННЫХ ОТРАБОТАННЫМИ ПОЛОТНАМИ ЛЕНТОЧНЫХ ПИЛ

In Russia, the volume of sawn products produced by cutting large-sized logs on band saws is increasingly expanding. The blades of band saws work from 20 to 500 hours and the technology of their secondary use is currently not provided. The creation of an effective method of reinforcing wooden structures with spent band saw blades will increase their load-bearing capacity, rigidity and operational reliability. It is assumed that in terms of the combination of strength indicators and manufacturability, the new reinforced wooden structures will correspond to existing analogues, and in terms of economic indicators they will surpass them. The conceptual novelty consists in the secondary use of man-made waste from woodworking industries in the construction of buildings and structures, which for the first time will allow to justify the effectiveness of the method of reinforcing wooden structures with treated band saw blades at a high theoretical level. The article examines beams made of solid wood with a length of 6 meters with a cross section of 100 × 200 mm, bending tests are performed. Numerical simulation of the plane stress state by the finite element method is performed. The load-bearing capacity of a beam reinforced with spent band saw blades increased by 1.5 times in comparison with an unreinforced beam.

The Legal Effect and Application of Smart Contracts under the Administrative Law System

Abstract As an important cornerstone of future digital civilization, smart contracts are being increasingly used in blockchain finance in innovative practice, and whether smart contracts have legal effect has become a question that academia must answer. This paper discusses the legal impact and application of smart contracts under the contract layer in the blockchain architecture, with a vision of an administrative legal system. Based on the operation principle of smart contracts, a method for detecting smart contract vulnerabilities that combines Glove word embedding and the Shapelet-Transform algorithm is proposed to improve data security during the fulfillment process. Finally, the smart contract model constructed in this paper is applied to the supply chain of agricultural products, and the legal effects of the smart contract are analyzed using practical examples. The transaction volume of unqualified agricultural products decreased from 19.4545 to 13.4655, which is lower than the production volume. The credit index of the smart contract model has increased, resulting in a shortened node performance time from 0.25s to 0.2s.

УПРАВЛІННЯ ТОВАРНИМИ ЗАПАСАМИ ТОРГІВЕЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ

The article is devoted to peculiarities of trade enterprises’ inventory management, which allows a modern company to maintain a balance between demand satisfaction and inventory storage costs. Stocks perform three functions: accumulation; protection against price changes and inflation; cost management. When determining the optimal balance between costs associated with keeping inventories one should determine that the sum of all relevant costs must be minimal. The main indicators that allow to determine efficiency of inventory management are considered. The ratio between the dynamics of stocks and the volume of sold products was analyzed on the example of wholesale trade enterprises (period 2013-2022). The main ways of more efficient use of stocks are proposed. Necessity of developing the enterprise’s product policy has been proven and its main stages have been determined. Peculiarities of the model of economically justified order size, which are used to optimize the size of production stocks and stocks of finished products are considered. Models of inventory management with a fixed period and a fixed volume are considered, the choice between them depends on a number of factors, including quantity of stocks, their price and importance as well as volume of the order. During the formation of the inventory management model, it is necessary to take into account specifics of business, limitations of the external environment, and the subjectivity of management decision-making. The main problem that arises when solving the task of stock management is the development of an effective and reliable system of their management, which should provide smooth production process, its realization maintaining the optimal stocks volume and minimizing expenses. In general, effective inventory management makes possible to reduce the duration of the production cycle and decrease current costs for their storage; to release financial funds from the current turnover in order to reinvest in other assets; to reduce production losses as a result of eliminating the shortage of production stocks; to accelerate the turnover of stocks, reduce the risk of their loss and reduce the costs of their storage. Managing inventory levels is essential in order to establish and support a company's long-term competitive advantage.

Современные тенденции экономического развития прокатных производств черной металлургии

The aim of the work is to determine the directions for further economic development of the Russian metallurgical industry, and rolling production in particular. In the article, based on the current existing state of rolling production, a classification of rolling mills is proposed into the following categories: by rolling temperatures, by the direction of metal movement, by cross-sectional size of rolled profile, by number and location of mills. Based on deductive methods of analysis, the main trends in the development of rolling production are considered: rolling precision, automation, robotization of auxiliary operations, digitalization. The obvious advantages of each trend, possible disadvantages and difficulties during implementation are shown. Based on statistical data, a forecast is made for the development of rolling production in the coming years. The production volumes of special products using rolling method are extremely small, as is the production of large-sized I-beams and shaped profiles, which are mostly produced in welded form, taking into account the small volume of consumption. The leading role, according to production volumes, is played by sheet and small-section products, which are the most universal. Significant changes are taking place in the Russian economy, which may affect both the construction and energy industries. In 2022 the production of seamless pipes increased in contrast to the previous eight years. A number of large-scale projects are expected to be launched for the fullscale development of Siberia and the Far East, the restoration of the economies of regions where construction and transportation will be required, including railways and pipelines. This means that this will fully affect the development of the metallurgical industry to obtain mass production profiles and to create further infrastructure in these regions. It has been determined that, with further large-scale development of the economy and volumes of consumption of mass profiles for their production, it is possible to build specialized mills, as is happening in the PRC with the maximum level of automation and productivity, which is currently inherent in single sheet rolling mills in Russia. Otherwise, on the contrary, it is necessary to carry out technical re-equipment and reconstruction of existing production facilities in order to expand the range, for their maneuverability in an economically unstable situation and to avoid long-term downtime of mills.

ЕКСПОРТНІ МОЖЛИВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ КРАЇН АФРИКИ

Ukraine was and remains a guarantor of global food security. Our country is one of the leading exporters of agri-food products on the world market, traditionally ranking high among agrarian countries and being one of the ten largest global producers and exporters of grain, oil, and honey. The demand for Ukrainian agri-food products on the world markets determines the prospects for the development of the country's economy. Ukraine receives its main foreign exchange earnings from the export of agricultural food to geographical regions such as the EU, Asia, and Africa, which together import more than 94% of Ukrainian agricultural products. The search for new opportunities to expand sales markets for Ukrainian agricultural products and ensure Ukraine's interests in the global food security system remains relevant. The possibilities and effectiveness of expanding the export of Ukraine's agri-food products to the African market in modern conditions have been studied. The level of food security of African countries has been determined, and it has been established that the food problem for the African population is worsening, with their food security depending significantly on Ukrainian agricultural exports. The dynamics of export volumes of Ukrainian agri-food products by the main product subgroups for the African market for the period from 2021 to 2023 have been analyzed. Considering the positive export dynamics of Ukraine with African countries, the rapid economic and demographic growth of these countries, and the increasing need to import food products, the African market is an extremely promising market for the export of Ukrainian agri-food products. Ukraine's export capabilities in the context of ensuring food security of African counties, despite ongoing active hostilities, are quite high, and Ukraine's ability to transport products is also improving. It is evident that the expansion of the export of Ukrainian agri-food products to the African market supports the economic stability of Ukraine, the stability of world markets, and the food security of African countries.

Statistical optimization of process variables for anti-hypercholesterolemic metabolites production from Monascus purpureus MTCC 369 fermented finger millet

Monascus purpureus fermented rice has been used for centuries to treat hypercholesterolemia, indigestion, and diarrhea in East Asian countries. Monacolin K, also known as lovastatin, a secondary metabolite synthesized by Monascus sp. in fermentation, is mainly responsible for reducing the level of blood lipids. Besides statins, sterols produced in this process have also been reported to have hypolipidemic effects. In the current study, statin and total sterol production by M. purpureus microbial type culture collection and Gene Bank MTCC 369 on finger millet (FM) substrate were investigated. The central composite design of the response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of different fermentation process independent variables such as fermentation time period, temperature, inoculum volume, and pH for maximum production of statins and total sterols by M. purpureus MTCC 369. The maximum statin (9.78 mg/g) and sterol (0.46 mg/g) production was achieved at a temperature of 29.44°C, pH 5.0, inoculum size 5.37 ml, and fermentation time of 13.8 days. Fermentation process factors such as fermentation time period and temperature were significant positive factors, while pH and inoculum volume were found to be insignificant factors. The interactive effects of the positively influencing variables have been demonstrated. Compared with the traditional production of these metabolites, using FM as a substrate is promising for the high production of anti-hypercholesterolemic metabolites. The current study was aimed at optimization of the solid-state fermentation process of statin and total sterol using RSM for nutritional FM so as to improve M. purpureus-fermented FM (like red yeast rice) with health-promoting properties. This is the first report on the optimization of statin and sterols from M. purpureus MTCC 369 fermented FM with a significant yield that is on par with that reported so far.

Modeling of Functional Relationships of Regional Economic Systems Based on Small Samples Based on Bayesian Intelligent Measurements

Regional economies, which are economic subsystems of a socio-ecological-economic system, are characterized by rapidly changing conditions affecting their functioning. Therefore, traditional approaches based on long-term trends and the construction of appropriate models are not enough for modeling and need to be over updated, including through combination with other approaches that take into account the volatility of conditions. Open sources datasets are fraught with uncertainty (different sources may have different values for the same indicator). So, some indicators are being constantly adjusted: changes are introduced into datasets from the previous periods; evaluation periods are not sufficient for model construction that would be methodologically valid from the point of view of mathematical statistics, Additionally, the results of functioning depend on influencing factors as well as measurement results. These problems lead to the need to resort to probabilistic estimates and the incompleteness and fuzziness dataset, as well as to obtain samples of sufficient volume from low-power data. The purpose of the study is to model the relationship between the volume of gross domestic product and the factors characterizing the functioning of the economic subsystem of the regions, under the conditions of uncertainty and limited data in a given period of time. The case study is constructed on The Tula region dataset. The working hypothesis is that it is possible to construct a methodologically correct econometric models using the dataset of a specific region of the Russian Federation over a certain period of time. We applied the methods of econometric modeling and the methodology of Bayesian intelligent measurements, as well as the methodology for generating a sufficient amount of data on small samples. For the Tula region and dataset for 2022, nonlinear models for the GDP by region volumes (14 sections of the NACE) were built. This made it possible to test the presented methodology based on a combination of econometric and Bayesian approaches to modeling the complex systems functioning, with conclusions having both theoretical and practical value for the region's sustainable development.

ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ РЕМОНТА И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ДЕТАЛЕЙ МАШИН В АПК

The volume of agricultural products depends on the technical readiness of equipment, repair and maintenance facilities. The emergence of new technologies can change the very process of organizing repairs. (Research purpose) The research purpose is analyzing in historical perspective the mutual relationship of the fleet of machines, the organization and technology of repair and restoration of parts of agricultural machinery. (Materials and methods) Used statistical data, scientific papers of researchers, authors' own observations. We applied the general scientific method, analysis, generalization, synthesis, etc. (Results and discussion) The paper notes the presence during the planned economy of a large fleet of the same type of machines in agriculture, which required constant repair impacts, contributed to the creation of an appropriate repair and maintenance base. It was pointed out that in 1986 184 repair plants were built, 2106 district repair and technical enterprises, including 818 specialized and 1288 general purpose workshops, technical exchange offices, repair shops for worn parts, etc.). The possibility of directive instructions was provided by the mass collection of the same type of parts, which made it possible to apply appropriate technologies on production-mechanized lines, reduce the cost of restoring parts: the organization of repair determined the technology. It has been shown that in a market economy, the equipment nomenclature has decreased, the number of brands has increased, repairs have moved from specialized to agricultural organizations and are mainly reduced to replacing worn-out parts with new ones. At the same time, additive technologies have appeared that do not require reconfiguration of equipment when changing the nomenclature of recoverable parts. (Conclusions) Additive technologies can transform sectoral repairs into intersectoral repairs, which will increase equipment utilization and improve economic performance.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СУЧАСНИХ УМОВ ПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ДЕВЕЛОПЕРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ

The article is devoted to the study of current trends in the real estate market, in the construction industry of Ukraine in order to identify the modern conditions in which companies related to the implementation of development projects operate. It has been established that development projects are characterized by particular complexity, and therefore their implementation requires taking into account external factors that can affect the results of the work of developers and other involved persons. The dynamics of the main indicators characterizing the real estate market from the standpoint of market volumes (number of signed contracts) and price changes in the primary and secondary housing markets were analyzed. The study of the number of real estate agreements (agreements on the alienation of real estate, land plots and land shares), including agreements for the purchase and sale of apartments and residential buildings, made it possible to identify the main trends in the real estate market. It was determined that prices on the primary housing market grew at an accelerated pace during the research period, while price fluctuations were more noticeable on the secondary housing market. The volumes of manufactured construction products and their dynamics, the activity of builders and the indicators of acceptance into operation of residential and non-residential buildings were studied. It has been established that the Indices of construction products are unstable in all their types and are characterized by significant fluctuations, that is, the rate of changes in the volume of construction products is characterized by high variability. It has been established that the construction industry and the real estate market are sensitive to changes in the internal and external political situation in the country. It has been proven that the full-scale invasion of Ukraine and the introduction of martial law led to a drop in the real estate market and a drop in construction. Despite the extreme fall of the last year, the housing market. and therefore the development market is gradually recovering, most developers have resumed their activities and are trying to reach the pre-war level in terms of their volumes, companies with unfinished construction have focused on housing completion. A number of construction companies focused on rebuilding damaged housing and real estate. Developers, who at the beginning of the full-scale invasion were in the initial stages of construction, demonstrate positive dynamics of construction work.

Analysis of the product structure of Ukraines trade with the EU

The article presents a comprehensive study of the characteristics of the commodity structure of Ukraine's trade with the European Union in the conditions of war, as well as the dynamics of export and import of the main commodity groups in the period from 2019 to 2023. Statistical data on Ukraine's foreign trade with the EU obtained from official sources, including the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine and Eurostat, were thoroughly analyzed. This made it possible to create a complete picture of trade relations between Ukraine and the EU during the studied period. In the course of the study, the key factors that significantly influenced the dynamics of trade during the studied period were identified. Among them, the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic, which led to a global economic downturn and disruption of supply chains, is particularly highlighted. The recovery of the world economy in 2021, which was accompanied by an increase in demand for key export products of Ukraine, also had a significant impact. The most dramatic factor was the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, which radically changed the economic situation in the country and significantly affected its foreign trade relations. The influence of each of these factors on the export and import of individual product groups has been studied in detail. In particular, the dynamics of trade in food and agricultural products, metals and metal products, machines and equipment, chemical products, wood and wood products, mineral products, vehicles, textiles and textile products were analyzed. This made it possible to identify key trends and changes in the structure of Ukraine's trade with the EU. The article pays special attention to the analysis of changes in the structure of Ukraine's exports to the EU. In particular, an increase in the share of agricultural products and food products in the total volume of exports was noted, which partially compensated for the drop in exports in other sectors. This trend is related both to global changes in the world markets and to the peculiarities of the economic situation in Ukraine during the war. An important aspect of the study was the determination of the role of labor relations between Ukraine and the EU in the context of foreign trade. The impact of labor migration on economic indicators, in particular on the volume of remittances and their role in maintaining Ukraine's balance of payments, is analyzed. This made it possible to expand the understanding of the economic relations between Ukraine and the EU, which go beyond purely trade relations. The presented study provides a comprehensive analysis of the state and dynamics of trade relations between Ukraine and the EU in the face of significant global and regional challenges. It can serve as a basis for further research and development of strategies for the development of Ukraine's foreign economic relations in the context of European integration and post-war economic recovery.

Dual-energy computed tomography in supporting prostatic artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objective: Our study aims to evaluate the value of 256-slice dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in supporting prostatic artery embolization (PAE) under digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: The study was conducted on 88 patients who underwent PAE to treat BPH from January 2022 to November 2023. Of these, 38 patients who had PAE without DECT were placed in group 1, while the other 50 patients with pre-interventional DECT were assigned to group 2. The results of DECT imaging of the prostate artery (PA) were compared with the results of DSA imaging. Test for statistically significant differences between the variables of the two research groups using the T - student test and Mann-Whitney test algorithms with p < 0.05 corresponding to a 95% confidence interval. The data were analyzed according to medical statistical methods using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: DECT can detect the PA origin in 96.1% of cases, identify atherosclerosis at the root of the artery with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 89.5%, and present anastomosis with a sensitivity of 72.7% and a specificity of 72.2%. There is no statistically significant difference in PA diameter on DECT compared to DSA with 95% confidence. Group 2 used DECT for 3D rendering of the PA before PAE had procedure time reduced by 25.8%, fluoroscopy time reduced by 23.2%, dose-area product (DAP) reduced by 25.6%, contrast medium volume reduced by 33.1% compared to group 1 not using DECT, statistically significant with 95% confidence. Conclusion: DECT is a valuable method for planning before PAE to treat BPH. 3D rendering DECT of PA provides anatomical information that minimizes procedure time, fluoroscopy time, dose-area product, and contrast medium volume.

Evaluation of radiation dose and establishment of local DRLs for adult during abdominopelvic CT scan imaging for university hospital centers, Morocco

Objective: In this study, we have planned to establish the local Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) for the five University Hospital Centers in Morocco and to propose a national DRL for abdominopelvic CT examinations for adult patients. Materials and methods: Data were collected using a specially designed form, which included patient demographics, exposure parameters and dosimetric indicators such as dose-length product (DLP) and CT volume dose index (CTDIvol). The establishment of local and national DRL in terms of CTDIvol and DLP was carried out in accordance with the methodology described in Report 135 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The effective dose was assessed using the DLP and the dose conversion factor appropriate for this location. Results: A total of 300 patients undergoing abdominopelvic examinations at the five Moroccan university hospitals were collected for this study. Patients' mean age, weight and BMI were (50.97 ± 15.05) years (67.94 ± 11.41) Kg and (25.71 ± 3.03) Kg/m2 respectively. The local DRL, in terms of DLP were 551.56, 2293.33, 709.02, 843.52 and 1059.62 mGy-cm and in terms of CTDIvol were 11,05, 46,40, 13,14, 12,01, 9,88 mGy respectively for UHC-1, UHC-2, UHC-3, UHC-4 and UHC-5 hospitals. The proposed National DRL, defined as a single value for the 75th percentile on the aggregation of data from the five centers, for abdominopelvic scan CT was 773.20 mGy.cm and 12.05 mGy for DLP and CTDIvol, respectively. Conclusion: The Moroccan DRL was comparable to those of other countries, ranking 10th among 21 countries. However, we are still seeking to reduce and optimize radiation dose while maintaining good image quality for reliable diagnosis, and this can be achieved by enhancing radiographers' and radiologists' knowledge of radiation protection, protocol justification, and optimization through rigorous hospital radiation audits at national level.

Perfil do consumo de tuberosas amiláceas no Estado de São Paulo e seus produtos processados

Starchy tubers are of great food importance in developed and developing countries, whether for food security, cultural habits or industrialization. São Paulo stands out in the production of some of these vegetables, which together move a large volume of products in different channels. Thus, the study aimed to trace the consumption profile of these vegetables by the population. For this, a digital quiz was carried out to 561 people from different locations. Potatoes and cassava are the vegetables consumed by the largest number of people, and potatoes are the most frequently consumed. For most people, these vegetables are present in their diet on a weekly basis, and the main reason for choosing the product is the consumer preference. Supermarkets/greengrocer/retailers are the main purchasing channels. Straw potatoes are the most frequent processed food in the usual purchases, however processed products made from cassava are purchased in a greater variety of items.

Assessing the Contribution of Advertising on Sales Volume of Product in Tanzania: A case of Multichoice company (DStv), Mbeya

The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of advertisement on the Sales Volume of Products in Tanzania, Specifically; the study assessed the role of advertising strategy in shaping the public perception towards DStv products and the sales volume. The study employed a case study research design, with a 45 sample size, and used both qualitative and quantitative approaches to efficiently collect analyse, and present data. The methods of data collection involved both primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected by using questionnaires and interviews, whereas documentary review was used in the secondary method. MS Excel and simple calculations by calculator were used to analyse the data where simple frequencies and percentages were created. The findings revealed that 42% of respondents said that DStv uses radio in advertising its products, 31% by using workshops and promotion, 18 use TV, and 9% company applied social media like Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, and TikTok. Also, the study found that 69% of respondents agreed that they are aware of the DStv products since they hear advertisements on radio and television. Furthermore, 55% said advertising plays a major role in shaping public perception towards the company’s products and services and affects sales volume at DStv Company. The researcher therefore recommended that the administration of DStv Company pay attention to advertising strategies for the sake of embracing market share, goodwill, profitability as well as sales of the company.

Development of innovative potential of agriculture in the southern regions of the Kyrgyz Republic

Agriculture has a huge impact on the economic indicators of development of the Kyrgyz Republic, but faces several difficulties, the most serious of which are population growth, land degradation, poor financing of the industry, which significantly affects the insufficient volume of products produced and affects the development of the regions. The work examines the possibilities of implementing agrarian-economic policy on a scientific basis, examines indicators and current development tasks in theoretical and practical aspects, in areas such as the creation of innovative competitive industries. The main research method used was data from official statistical information of the Kyrgyz Republic on economic indicators, the direction of exports by type of agricultural products. The criteria for the production specialization of the southern regions are highlighted; it is clear that the economic potential of the regions is far from being fully used and has prospects for innovative development. The study used methods of economic-statistical and legal analysis, the theory of the regional economic system, and gave the level and structural analysis of the development of territories. As a further improvement of the agrarian and economic development of the regions and based on the results of the study, some problematic fragments of regional policy were identified and directions for improving agricultural development were recommended.

Health Product Volume Allocation in Pooled Procurement: Process versus Efficacy Innovations

Health Product Volume Allocation in Pooled Procurement: Process versus Efficacy Innovations