Ukrainian School Research Articles

Development of NUS key competencies through game activities in primary school

Game activity as one of the effective teaching methods plays an important role in the formation of key competencies of primary school students. The article identifies and systematizes the peculiarities of the development of key competencies of primary school students through the use of game activities in physical education lessons. The competence-based approach to the implementation of the key reform of schooling «New Ukrainian School» through the formation of key competencies is indicated: communication in the state language; communication in foreign languages; mathematical competence; basic competencies in natural sciences and technologies; information and digital competence; lifelong learning skills; initiative and entrepreneurship; social and civic competence; cultural awareness and expression; environmental literacy and healthy lifestyle. Different approaches to the formation of key competencies of junior schoolchildren in physical education lessons through game activities are revealed. The game competence is characterized as the ability of a child to understand, create and participate in various games, which includes physical activity, joint interaction with peers, development of strategic and tactical thinking during the game, as well as the ability to follow the rules of the game and sports ethics. Further elaboration of the problem of developing students' key competencies through game activities is emphasized.

DIRECTIONS OF DESIGNING EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL

The design of educational systems in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School requires a complex and multifaceted approach, which includes organizational design, design of the educational process, internal system of ensuring the quality of education, educational environment, pedagogical action, the system of stimulating pedagogical workers and students, designing management decisions of the head of the educational institution, etc. In order to ensure high-quality educational activities and implement effective training of the young generation in accordance with modern challenges, the design of educational systems requires the joint efforts of all interested parties – students, parents, teachers, management, the government and the public. The purpose of the article is to carry out a systematic analysis of the directions of the process of designing educational systems in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School. Research methods: system-structural analysis, synthesis, abstraction, classification, generalization. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of systems and the doctrine of systematization in scientific pedagogical theory and educational practice. The article specifies the essence of educational systems in the broad and narrow senses. The affiliation of the institution of general secondary education to the educational system is substantiated. The directions of designing educational systems in Ukraine have been determined: organizational design, design of the educational process, design of the internal system for ensuring the quality of education, design of the educational environment, design of pedagogical action, design of the system of stimulation of pedagogical workers, students, design of management decisions of the head of the educational institution. The directions of designing educational systems are characterized, and their possibilities in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School are critically evaluated.

PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN’S SOCIAL COMPETENCE FORMATION

The article defines the essence of the category “social competence”, and characterizes its structural components. Thus, the structure of social competence includes motivational, cognitive, activity, and reflective components. Various approaches to defining the social competence of children of primary school age are represented. The peculiarities of primary school children’s social competence formation are analyzed, and its place in the system of key competencies of a modern personality is determined. Primary school children’s social competence formation is considered in the context not only of social education but also of socialization itself, as its final result.
 It has been proven that the primary school age is a sensitive period for social competence formation and active development, in particular through the implementation of socially significant activities. The role of primary school children’s socially significant activities in the development of their social competence is revealed, in particular, it is confirmed that joint collective activity and interpersonal relationships in the team significantly affect the level of social competence formation of the personality of the primary school children; therefore it is important to form a positive experience of cooperation.
 Pedagogical conditions for primary school children’s social competence formation in the conditions of the new Ukrainian school are outlined. Thus, one of the key conditions for primary school children’s social competence formation is the clear structuring of the teacher’s activities content, which will make it possible to develop a complete system of pedagogical actions and influences to increase the effectiveness of all components of social competence formation. A significant condition is also an open, integral, emotionally comfortable, subject-oriented, and ergonomic educational space. An equally important role in this process is played by the involvement of primary school children in public life and joint project activities.
 Based on the results of the research, a characteristic of a primary school child with a high level of social competence development, which is ensured by alternating different types of social activities, has been developed. The future direction of further research is defined in the implementation of the ideas of partner pedagogy during primary school children’s social competence formation.

Blended Learning as a Means of Forming Mathematical Competence of Future Teachers of the new Ukrainian School: Neuropedagogical Aspects

The strategy of education modernization at the present stage, the creation of a new information enlightening space, the use of global network technologies at all levels of education have led to the requirement to increase the level of methodological training of teachers who are ready to use new information technology in their professional activities. The necessity to involve advanced pedagogical technologies that form the student's network culture in the training of specialists in the educational institutions becomes topical. One of such technologies is the technology of blended learning, which combines online learning with face-to-face learning, integrating traditional forms with electronic technologies as an achpekt of neuro-pedagogical education. In particular, the concept of blended learning in the context of formation of mathematical competence is clarified and considered as an optimal environment for the development of competence of cooperation and interaction of future teachers in group projects in the conditions of neuropedagogical aspect.

UKRAINIAN STUDIES ACTUALITIES OF THE MODERN TEACHER’S PEDAGOGICAL CULTURE

The article substantiates, defines, and discloses the current Ukrainian studies of the teacher’s pedagogical culture in the context of modern political, social, and cultural issues of national education system formation in Ukraine. Attention is focused on the fact that the current mission of the New Ukrainian School education is to strengthen and develop the national idea, which is the lifeblood of state growth and the way to victory. Thus, it is necessary to form a pedagogical culture based on Ukrainian studies, which should be everywhere in educational, cultural, artistic, scientific, and information environments. It has been proven that the cult of culture, primarily national, must be perceived as a methodology of modern education. It should serve not only historical truth, intellectualization, and humanization of the personality but also be a safeguard, caution, and protection against expansion in the future, strengthening the Spirit of the People, which is our indomitable strength. It has been found that, when forming the personality of a teacher, lecturer, and their pedagogical culture, it is necessary to pay attention to two key aspects – professional and cultural, because the institution of higher education should provide not only “knowledge” competencies, but also create a cultural teacher. Pedagogical culture is formed two-dimensionally – concordantly and logically, sensually and rationally, humanely and realistically, with heart and mind. It is a kind of synthesis of soul and reason (intellect). It has been established that Ukrainian studies should be considered an essential component in the education content, which makes it sound, intellectual, humane, and national, strengthening the social processes of state-nation creation. Since educational Ukrainian-centrism will make it impossible for the rudiments of “cultural and educational imperialism” of Moscovites to manifest, which has always tried to destroy the national-historical life of Ukrainians, planting the ideology of little russia and statelessness. They can realize the highest civic task of education, which is to cultivate respect for one’s own “I,” one’s Kindred, People, Ukraine, to serve as a spiritual, socio-political factor of consolidation and development of the Nation.

РОЗВИТОК МЕТОДИЧНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ВЧИТЕЛІВ ФІЗИКИ ТА ІНФОРМАТИКИ В УМОВАХ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ МУЛЬТИДИСЦИПЛІНАРНОСТІ В ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ

The article is devoted to the transformation of professional and methodological training of future teachers of physics and computer science in higher education institutions. The modern tendencies of updating the content for professional training for future teachers of physics and computer science on the basis of the fundamental provisions of the Concept of the New Ukrainian School are analyzed. The necessity of updating and/or improving the professional training for future teachers in accordance with the current trends in reforming the education sector and introducing innovative techniques, methods and means of teaching that would ensure that the personal qualities and acquired competencies of university graduates meet the needs and requirements of the modern labor market is substantiated. The article outlines the importance of preparing a modern teacher to organize and implement project-based learning technology in general secondary education institutions. The stages of students’ (future teachers’) work in organizing students’ project activities are described. An indicative “Template of the methodological passport of the educational project” has been developed, according to which students develop scenarios for the implementation of educational projects in the educational process of a modern school. An example of a scenario for a training project developed by students which was successfully tested during the pedagogical practice of students in general secondary education institutions is presented.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ДИФЕРЕНЦІЙОВАНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ НОВОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ШКОЛИ

The article reveals the peculiarities of the implementation of differentiated education in the educational process of primary school. It is noted that each child is a unique individual with unique natural gifts, psychological and physical capabilities, different levels of adaptation to learning. The refore, it is necessary to introduce differentiated learning into the educational process, which we consider as a specially organized educational activity of younger schoolchildren, in the process of which, with the help of taking into account individual characteristics, the selection of forms, techniques and means of learning, there is a direction towards the optimal intellectual development of each child in accordance with his typological characteristics. In order to determine the typification of primary education students, we analyzed the types of learning abilities of students, used the level assessment of educational achievements of primary education students and the typology developed by V.O. Sukhomlynskyi about the division of schoolchildren into groups and the choice of methods of managing their educational process, and used observation of students' educational activities, diagnostic methods, questionnaires, test tasks, and creative tasks. The stages of the implementation of differentiated education in the educational process of primary school are specified, which correspond to the stages of lesson organization and include checking the self-training of students of primary education, preparing them to learn new knowledge during the lesson, initial verification of awareness and understanding of new material, consolidation, generalization and systematization knowledge, instruction on self-training tasks. Attention is drawn to the fact that the use of differentiated education is worthwhile not only during the lessons in primary classes, but also in the process of self-training of students at home. The directions of differentiation of the learning process of third-grade students of the New Ukrainian School have been determined. Current techniques for organizing differentiated education in the third grade of the New Ukrainian School have been selected. Pedagogical conditions for the effective implementation of differentiated education in the educational process of primary school are analyzed.

ФОРМУВАННЯ КУЛЬТУРИ МОВЛЕННЄВОГО СПІЛКУВАННЯ УЧНІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ НОВІТНІХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

The article examines the formation of the culture of speech communication of primary school students, reveals the latest technologies that are recommended for use by the New Ukrainian School. In the article outlines the characteristic features of culture speech communication junior pupils by means of new technologies. Analyzes the basic concept of «speech culture» and «culture of speech». Proved, that culture is a specific characteristic of society and determines the level of historical development. Accumulated today in Ukraine and abroad experience convincingly demonstrates that interactive methods promote intensification and optimization of the educational process. Disclosed basic concepts the level of speech culture of the personality.

ШКІЛЬНА ОСВІТА ДІТЕЙ-РОМІВ У ЗАКАРПАТТІ: ІСТОРІЯ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТКУ

The Roma population has always been an integral part of the demographic diversity of Transcarpathia. However, representatives of this particular national community are traditionally the least involved in educational processes. Given the rights and opportunities for equal access to education for all citizens, regardless of their nationality, as well as the need to integrate the Roma population into civil society, the problem of involving Roma children in education, which depends on a number of conditions (social, economic, ideological, etc.), is relevant. The issue of "harming" Roma children in Transcarpathia at the state level began to be addressed in the early twentieth century, both through legal regulation and by establishing the first school for Roma children in Uzhhorod in 1926. Purpose: article is devoted to the study of the history of the formation and development of school education of Roma children in Transcarpathia. The methods are content analysis of historical, historical-pedagogical, archival and reference sources on the problem under study; problem-chronological method for studying trends in the development of school education of Roma children in Transcarpathia. Results. The article deals with the historical and pedagogical retrospective of the formation and development of school education of Roma children. For the first time, the question of the need for a settled lifestyle for Roma families arose during the Austro-Hungarian Empire, when the Hungarian government issued a decree on the fulfillment of civic duty in the context of protecting the homeland on the eve of World War I and the necessity of registering Roma children, their socialization and prohibition of begging. Later, when the territory of Transcarpathia was part of the Czechoslovak Republic, the Czechoslovak government initiated the issue of involving Roma children of school age in school. In 1923, with the assistance of the Abstract of Schooling of Subcarpathian Rus in Uzhhorod, Roma children began studying in separate classes of the Uzhhorod Ukrainian School. And in 1926, twenty-two Roma children entered the first grade of the newly built Roma school, which is considered the first such educational institution in Eastern Europe. During the Soviet period, the Transcarpathian Roma maintained a secluded lifestyle, moving from one end of the country to the other in search of work, and Roma children were rarely involved in school education (mostly only in primary school). The beginning of the twenty-first century for the Transcarpathian Roma is characterized by the consolidation of actions by the regional authorities, NGOs and representatives of the Roma intelligentsia to solve the educational problems of Roma children and the gradual increase in their coverage of general secondary, vocational and higher education.

FORMATION OF BIOLOGY COMPETENCE OF FUTURE BACHELOR OF NATURAL SCIENCES: A SYSTEM OF CONSTRUCTIVE METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES

The concept of the New Ukrainian School puts forward new requirements for the professional training of a modern teacher, in particular regarding the quality and range of his competencies. After all, it is the ability to quickly respond to changes, to be ready for the introduction of innovative methods of teaching and education, which ultimately determines his personal and professional relevance to the reform of the New Ukrainian School, the full performance of the role of a decisive factor in the success of the implementation of the concept of paradigmatic changes in higher pedagogical education. In view of the above, it is time to determine the methodological guidelines that ensure the success of becoming a teacher of the New Ukrainian School in the conditions of a higher education institution - the main stage of the formation of a teacher, which Ukrainian society and the children's community are waiting for.
 The modern educational practice of constructive implementation of the ideas of integration of the content of school natural science education and its reorientation to the competence model has proven the perspective of just such an approach. In addition, fundamental natural science education is one of the main factors of personality development, and acquired natural and scientific competence is a mandatory component of an individual's general culture and a resource for the development of his creative potential. Thus, the biological component of modern science education is aimed not only at ensuring the integrity of fundamental knowledge, but first of all at the realization of a person's creative and active existence in the surrounding world. In addition, the biological component of natural science training directly affects the formation of a scientific style of thinking as a prerequisite for the socio-cultural self-determination of the subject of knowledge.
 In this context, it becomes obvious the need to increase the level of subject biology competence of future bachelors of natural sciences, because they must be ready to work in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School - a modern education platform.
 Therefore, qualitatively new methodological approaches to the formation of subject-specific competences, particularly in biology, are the core of the professional training of future bachelors of natural sciences. Shifting the emphasis of higher professional education to the development of a competent and competitive specialist is an important criterion for the quality training of a future teacher of natural sciences.

IMPLEMENTATION OF STEM EDUCATION IN GENERAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The article investigates the fundamental characteristics of contemporary STEM education, encompassing integrated learning, critical thinking, problem-solving skills, as well as active communication and teamwork abilities. It presents a novel and imaginative strategy for project development, which aims to equip students with the necessary skills to engage in lifelong technological innovation by applying scientific and technological knowledge to real-world scenarios. Furthermore, the article sheds light on the core components of STEM education, drawing from the US government's initiatives aimed at integrating STEM approaches into the national education system. In addition, the article underscores the imperative to reassess the underlying philosophy of STEM education and the need for its actualization. This is accomplished through the introduction of a STEM education model that facilitates the seamless integration of STEM subjects with all other academic disciplines. Moreover, the article addresses crucial aspects of the US national policy on arts education. It delves into the development and implementation of the National Core Arts Standards and the National Visual Arts Standards, which play a pivotal role in supporting arts education initiatives. The article delves into an analysis of the theoretical and methodological principles underpinning the development of a STEM education model. This includes an examination of project-based and practice-oriented learning, as well as the utilization of flipped and blended learning approaches, alongside cloud technologies, to facilitate the transformation of traditional education into an innovative learning environment. Furthermore, the article outlines the anticipated steps involved in the implementation of STEM education, with a focus on fostering career autonomy and empowering students to make informed choices about their professions. These steps encompass the promotion and popularization of STEM specialties, the provision of support for gifted students, and the encouragement of youth engagement in creative and research-oriented activities. Expanding on the understanding of how STEM education can be effectively implemented, the article enriches the information field with innovative methods, tools, and organizational forms for the educational process. These include hackathons, marathons, online experiments, e-virtual laboratories, science museums, and platforms designed to facilitate the organization of research activities and international projects. It is noteworthy that the successful implementation of these innovations will not only enhance the quality of foreign literature courses within the New Ukrainian School but also serve as a significant catalyst for the development of competitive and creative graduates.

Development of Cross-Cutting Skills in Secondary Education Students Through the Use of Textbooks «Exploring Nature»

The article addresses the role of textbooks in shaping cross-cutting skills that are part of all key competencies outlined in the State Standard for Basic Secondary Education. An analysis of recent publications reveals a predominant focus on a competency-based approach, reflecting conceptual principles of textbook creation for the New Ukrainian School. However, these publications insufficiently illuminate the essence and formation of cross-cutting skills through school textbooks.
 The potential of author-created textbooks for the integrated course 'Exploring Nature' for grades 5-6 in fostering cross-cutting skills outlined in the State Standard for Basic Secondary Education is explored. Examples of tasks and text constructions are demonstrated as tools for developing each cross-cutting skill.
 It is emphasized that the formation of cross-cutting skills is both a process and a result. As a process, it requires active cognitive engagement from each learner, with textbooks serving as motivators and organizers. As a result, cross-cutting skills ensure the acquisition of key competencies and the realization of the personal potential of students, contributing to the development of the teacher's creative individuality.
 The article underscores the importance of textbook categorization in the development of cross-cutting skills. It highlights that textbooks serve as guides in shaping cross-cutting skills and do not interfere with teachers' methodological preferences.
 The methodology described in the article for forming cross-cutting skills can be applied by textbook authors from various school subjects, researchers in textbook creation, and educators aiming to implement the conceptual foundations of the New Ukrainian School. The article outlines perspectives for further research on the development of cross-cutting skills.

The Role of Scientific and Methodological Support for the Professional Development of Teachers in the Context of Reforming Basic Secondary Education

This article discusses the state of scientific and methodological support of teachers, which is aimed at implementing the tasks of reforming basic secondary education on the basis of the Concept of «New Ukrainian School».
 The presented material is based on the results of the analysis of scientific, methodological and innovative activities of institutions of postgraduate pedagogical education, aimed at improving the system of quality assurance of education and professional growth of the teacher.
 Taking into account the changes in the content of education, the practical implementation of student-centered learning, the introduction of innovative pedagogical technologies into the educational process, it is indicated how the professional formation of a teacher in the system of postgraduate education is practically ensured. On the basis of the study, the authors determine the organizational and pedagogical conditions for improving the process of professional growth of teachers in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education, as a factor in increasing their competitiveness.
 The role of the system of postgraduate pedagogical education, as a system of adult education, in improving the process of professional growth of a teacher is disclosed. It is noted that the system of postgraduate pedagogical education, under the influence of socio-economic changes that take place in society, ensures the continuous professional development of teachers and their mastery of competencies that are closely related to the implementation of their professional pedagogical activities and the transition to a new quality of education.

Education of moral culture as a guide for the professional formation of the future teacher

The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of educating the moral culture of the future teacher of the New Ukrainian School. The need to educate such a phenomenon as «moral culture” as one of the main directions of professional formation of the future specialist is revealed. It has been proven that the priority task of higher education institutions is the formation of the personality of the future teacher, who performs moral actions, does not succumb to negative social influences, has a stable personal position, strives for moral self-expression and self-control, etc. Emphasis is placed on the fact that education of moral culture, through substantiation of its integral system (purpose, tasks, specific principles, optimal forms, methods of formation) will contribute to the professional development of the future teacher.
 The author emphasizes that the process of raising the moral culture of the future teacher takes place through his active involvement in the awareness of universal human norms and values, understanding of the moral guidelines of the profession, inclusion in those conditions that will allow the future teacher to reveal his own potential, reveal moral feelings, and perform moral actions at the stage of professional development while studying at a higher education institution.
 Moral culture is defined as a set of moral norms, habits, views, beliefs, norms of behavior, which is oriented towards training and education of the personality, its self-improvement. This is a set of norms that reveal the future teacher's attitude to himself and to other participants in the educational process (students, fellow teachers, parents, school administration, etc.). It was established that the basis of the moral culture of the future teacher is love for children. The author attributes the following to the main signs of the moral culture of the future teacher: cognitive, emotional, value and activity components.
 It was found that the moral culture education of the future teacher is a process of education of the personality of the teacher, who: shows a desire to work on himself, improving his own moral values; strives to actively interact with students and nurture these qualities in them; is able to make moral choices, make moral decisions and be responsible for them.

Educational Environment in the Inclusive Space of Mush: Problems and Ways to Solve Them

The article presents research on educational environment in an inclusive space. Emphasis is placed on identifying problems faced by heads of general secondary education institutions, parents, teachers, and psychologists. It is emphasized that all problems arising in educational institutions have certain solutions that need to be solved.
 The research indicates that heads of educational institutions, being in an administrative position, understand their functionality and responsibilities and strive to make the educational space of students safe and comfortable. Like any other participant in the educational process, the administration of an educational institution faces certain difficulties or problems that must be responded to quickly enough and find ways to solve them. We identified a number of problems faced by the administrator of the educational institution; however, the personnel potential is significant.
 The article presents the position of parents regarding the educational environment in an inclusive space. Parents should be oriented in the informational space of social networks, providing informational support and considering the expediency of cooperation at the level of parents and inclusive resource centers. A significant problem for parents identified in the study is the lack of knowledge among parents about the impact of correctional and developmental work on children with special educational needs.
 Working in an educational institution, a pedagogical worker may have a problem in the direction of the absence of a teacher’s assistant and a child’s assistant. The presence of such an employee in the educational institution will allow to plan the educational process in a modern way and to establish communication with the students of education. In the future, the close interaction of a pedagogical worker, a teacher's assistant and a child’s assistant will significantly improve the educational process and help the child adapt to the conditions of the educational space faster.
 Among the main problems faced by psychologists, it is important to determine the work with parents to resolve the conflict in the classroom with adults who are not ready to send the child to school, a class where there is a child with special educational needs. To solve this problem, the psychologist should conduct lectures, individual conversations, both with parents and with the class teacher and children.
 Complex interaction and close cooperation of the administration of the educational institution, teaching staff, psychologists and parents will allow to create comfortable conditions in the inclusive space of the New Ukrainian School, which further motivates the students to study.

Pedagogical Discourse on the Reform of General Secondary Education in Soviet Ukraine through the Prism of Child Protection in the 1920s: the Struggle against Unification

The article reveals the leading ideas of Ukrainian teachers and civil leaders (V. Arnautov, Ya. Chepiha, T. Harbuz, H. Ivanytsia, Ya. Riappo, M. Skrypnyk, O. Zaluzhnyi, etc.) on reforming school education for the sake of development and protection of a child in the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (USSR) in the 1920s. It has been proven that after the defeat of the Ukrainian Revolution (1917–1921) and the capture of the territory of Ukraine by the Bolsheviks, the pedagogical discourse focused on the idea of creating a new labour school. It should be based on the following principles: labour, active, social education to protect the child, communist, the principle of Ukrainization and at the same time the imposition of Russification, etc. Ukrainian educators, looking for active methods of teaching children in a labour school, turned mainly to European and world pedagogical science (A. Binet, J. Dewey, F. Freeman, G. Kerschensteiner, E. Meumann, P. Natorp, F. Seidel, Ch. Spearman, W. Stern, L. Terman, E. Thorndike etc.). Pedagogical discourse was aimed at opposing the unification of school education according to the Russian model. The policy of Ukrainization was effective, so the all-Union authorities intensified ideological pressure, seeking to curtail this process. The struggle for the Ukrainian school ended tragically for Ukrainian teachers. This eloquently testifies to how the Soviet ideology during the reform used the ideas of social protection of the child, Ukrainization of the educational process to establish its own ideological and socio-political goals of the totalitarian society.

INNOVATIVE METHODS OF UPBRINGING PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (IN UKRAINIAN CONTEXT)

The authors substantiate the need for the development and application of modern scientific and theoretical approaches in education management, updating the principles, forms, and methods of management activities that correlate with the requirements of the New Ukrainian School. Scientific approaches (humanistic, competence-based, systemic, axiological, acmeological, environment-based), which define a set of research principles and methods, as well as design the conditions for the implementation of innovative methods of managing the education process, are identified as the leading ones within the scope of the study. Modeling of innovative methods of managing the educational process of a secondary education institution based on a functional approach was carried out. A complex of innovative management methods that ensure the implementation of functions diagnostic, prognostic, planning, organizational, control, pedagogical analysis, coordination and regulation is highlighted. It is proven that the management of the educational process will be effective if the use of innovative methods is considered as a subsystem that is consistent with the defined educational problem of the school, the selection of methods of influence, interaction, adequate to this problem, if it corresponds to the capabilities of the institution. The result of the empirical study shows that the rate of coordination of the actions of various educational institutions, the informal approach to conducting educational activities has significantly increased; motivation in the activities of class supervisors (emergence of interest in the original, creation of conditions for self-realization) increased; democratic relations deepened, the right to resolve issues, opportunities to become a leader of student self-government bodies improved.

The potential of place-based learning in terms of decolonization of education

The challenges facing Ukraine as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian war necessitate significant changes in approaches to education, particularly in terms of decolonization and the affirmation of Ukrainian identity. In this context, it is useful to take into account the pedagogical experience of developed countries that have faced similar problems in the past. First of all, we are talking about the use of educational practices of the pedagogical approach of Place-based Education, a trend that emerged in the late twentieth century, the fundamental principles of which are immersion of learning in the local context, establishing strong ties between the school and the territorial community, increased attention to national-patriotic and civic education, and priority didactic technologies - integrated and project-based learning. The purpose of the study is to reveal the potential of locally oriented learning in terms of decolonization of education and involves solving such tasks as analyzing foreign educational practices of locally oriented education that contribute to decolonization, identifying problems in the formation of the national identity of Ukrainian students, and formulating proposals for ways to overcome the identified problems. Methodology includes a set of theoretical methods to understand the world experience of locally oriented education, to analyze the prospects for the introduction of it in Ukrainian school education. The positive consequences of the introduction of locally oriented education are identified, namely: intensification of interaction between school, community and society, fostering affection for the native land, love for language and culture, and acquisition of historical knowledge. It is proved that locally oriented education contributes to the formation of national identity and citizenship of young people. Prospects for further research are seen in the study of the directions of implementation of locally oriented education

Imaginative thinking formation in senior preschool children with speech disorders

Imaginative thinking is the main type of thinking in children of senior preschool age. The state of its formation largely determines the success of children in acquiring knowledge, forming skills and abilities following the Basic Component of Preschool Education, and in the future, the requirements of school curricula. The study aims to outline the results of the research on the state of formation of figurative thinking in older preschool children with speech disorders in comparison with children with typical speech development. The following methods of scientific research were used in the study: Analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature on the research problem, experiment, testing, comparison, and quantitative and qualitative analysis of the experimental data. According to the results of the diagnostics carried out according to the author's methodology, which is based on a modification of the study of figurative memory, it was found that children with speech disorders have an insufficient level of figurative thinking, especially its topological, projective, ordered, and compositional substructures. These results indicate that children have difficulty creating mental images of objects or phenomena, operating with previously created and stored images, as well as analysing, synthesising, abstracting, mediating, comparing, and generalising perceived information. These difficulties are at the heart of the problems with preparation for studying at the New Ukrainian School. The practical value of the work is to inform specialists of special and inclusive preschool education institutions about the specific features of the state of formation of imaginative thinking in older preschool children with speech disorders. The results of the study can be used for the development and implementation of methods for the formation of imaginative thinking in senior preschool children with speech disorders

The Main Aspects of New Ukrainian School: Child-Centeredness, Competence Approach, Pedagogy of Partnership

The main aspects of New Ukrainian School are considered in the article. The relevance of the article is that the educational reform launched in Ukraine in 2017 is based on a model of 9 key components, among which the prominent pedagogy is partnership, which is based on the cooperation of students, teachers and parents; the content of education is realized through the competence approach; in the educational process the main reference point is the needs of the child, ie the so-called child-centeredness. The purpose of the article: to consider in detail the implementation of key components of the New Ukrainian School Concept in domestic and foreign educational institutions: to clarify the principles of implementation of child centeredness, to reveal the essential features of the competence approach to learning, to compare the implementation of partnership pedagogy in international and Ukrainian education. Methods of work: complex (analysis of the scientific literature and synthesis). Novelty: the activity-based approach to learning is the key to the formation of key competencies of lifelong learning. Results: According to research on this issue, the main goal of each reform is to improve the quality of education. Both the competence approach, and pedagogy of partnership, and child-centeredness interact closely with each other, complement each aspect. Thus, these factors are aimed at the diverse development of the child's personality, the formation of key and subject competencies that will be necessary for life skills and will be the basis for choosing a future profession and the key to success in life. Conclusion: these factors of the New Ukrainian School Concept proclaim the preservation of the value of childhood, personal approach to the child, the development of students' abilities, creating an educational environment that provides psychological and physiological comfort.