Stock Type Research Articles

Evaluation of Optimal Stock Portfolio Performance by Grouping Issuers Based on Stock Price Movements

Stock investment has a high risk, one of which is caused by changes in stock prices that occur in trading on the stock exchange every day, thus affecting the level of stock returns which also changes. Investors will face uncertainty in making choices and evaluating stock performance in the future because the returns obtained are uncertain and depend on the risks that affect it. Risk in investing can be reduced by investing in various types of stocks by forming an optimal stock portfolio. These problems are solved in this study by taking a calculation approach in selecting stocks and determining the optimal portfolio with the advantage of a single index model that can explain the relationship between the returns of each stock and the market index returns to calculate the variance of a stock. portfolio. There are 4 stocks with the largest excess return to beta, namely MEGA, JECC, UNIC, and KICI stocks. Performance measurement in this study was carried out using the Treynor Index, because this index used systematic risk as measured by Beta. Keywords: Single Index Model, Treynor, Dynamic Time Wraping.

Healing outcomes and predictors among patients with venous leg ulcers treated with compression therapy.

This study aimed to compare the healing outcomes between three types of compression therapy-two-layer bandage (2LB), four-layer bandage (4LB), and compression stockings, and to identify the predictors of venous leg ulcer (VLU) healing. A retrospective review of the medical records of patients diagnosed with VLU between 2011 and 2016 in Singapore was conducted. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done between healed and unhealed VLU patients at three and six months, based on potential factors, ranging from demographic profile to comorbidities and treatment-related variables. Data from 377 patients' medical records were analysed. The healing rates with the three types of compression system, 4LB, 2LB and compression stockings, were 22.3%, 34.9% and 8.7% respectively at three months; at six months they were 44.2%, 41.9% and 34.8% respectively. Patients on 2LB reported a significantly higher proportion of healed ulcers at three months (p=0.003) but at six months there was no difference in healing rates between the three types of therapy. At three and six months, the duration of compression therapy was found to be an independent predictor of healing (p<0.001). In this study, the 2LB appeared to show the most favourable healing outcome in the short-term but as VLUs persisted beyond the months, the type of compression system used did not make a difference in the healing outcome. Our findings suggested that, as the duration became more prolonged, VLUs became more resistant to healing despite compression therapy. Therefore, it may be necessary for clinicians to consider adjuvant therapies for hard-to-heal ulcers at an earlier stage.

On the nature of thermally activated defects in n-type FZ silicon grown in nitrogen atmosphere

n-type float-zone silicon grown in a nitrogen atmosphere contains defects which are activated by temperatures between 450 and 700 °C. We use deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) to study the nature of these defects and the impact of the nitrogen content and the polysilicon feed stock type. We find four dominant DLTS peaks with activation energies of Ena = 0.16 eV (E1), Ena = 0.21 eV (E2), Ena = 0.34 eV (E4), and Ena = 0.64 eV (E6). We tentatively assign the two DLTS peaks E1 and E2 to single acceptor and single donor levels of the same defect, a complex of nitrogen with an impurity. Furthermore, we tentatively assign the two DLTS peaks labeled E4 and E6 to two levels of the off-center substitutional nitrogen. Based on the apparent electron capture cross sections and an analysis of the electric field effect on the emission rates, we propose them to be double and single acceptor levels, respectively. Due to its position at midgap and the competing electron and hole emission, the apparent concentration of E6 is reduced to one fifth of the total defect concentration. Correcting for these processes, we find the activation energies for electron and hole emission to be En = 0.50 eV and Ep = 0.68 eV.

Analisis Data Mining Algoritma Decision Tree Pada Prediksi Persediaan Obat (Studi Kasus : Apotek Franch Farma)

Medicine is an object that is formulated by medical personnel to assist in preventing, healing, recovering, and improving the health of patients. Pharmacies are places that provide various types of drugs that are needed by patients, but pharmacies often have problems in providing drugs which result in a shortage of goods when someone needs it. aspect. This problem will be solved by using the C4.5 algorithm based on data obtained from the Franch Farma Pharmacy. The purpose of this study is to predict the supply of drugs that will be needed by dividing them into 6 variables, namely the name of the item, type of drug, inventory, initial stock, ending stock, and goal. The research test process uses Rapidminer software to create a decision tree. And the results obtained are 12 rules to predict drug supplies to be carried out by Franch Farma Pharmacy with an accuracy rate of 80.00%. From the results of the analysis, it is hoped that it can help pharmacists in making drug supplies more effective and efficient.

Heterogeneous effects of oil structure and oil shocks on stock prices in different regimes: Evidence from oil-exporting and oil-importing countries

This paper examines whether or not the oil structure of economies, the source of oil shocks, and regime changes affect stock price responses. After dividing the entire period into two regimes (bull and bear market) and considering three different oil shocks: global oil price, global oil demand, and global oil supply, we attempted to select countries that are considered developed economies while demonstrating differences and similarities in their oil structures. To this end, we compare the effects of oil shocks on the stock prices of Norway and Canada, two oil-exporting countries, to China and Japan, two oil-importing countries, using the Threshold Structural Vector Autoregression (TSVAR) analysis for the period 1990:1–2020:4. The results indicate that the structure of the oil and the source of the oil shocks have a significant effect on the responses. In this regard, the responses of oil-exporting countries are strikingly similar to one another and dissimilar to those of the two oil-importing countries. All of the oil shocks considered thus far have had a short-term effect but have been neutral in the medium and long term (except for oil demand shocks in the bull market). Additionally, the stock market's responses to oil shocks have been regime-dependent, with most responses being more sharply in a bear market than in a bull market. According to the findings, there is a strong link between the stock market, the source and type of oil shocks (positive or negative), economics' oil structures, and regime changes, which may influence policymakers' response to various oil shocks in different stock market conditions.

EFFECTS OF CALENDAR VARIATIONS ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF POTENTIAL STOCKS

This study examines the effect of calendar variations on potential stocks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Calendar variations are observed in telecommunications, retail, food and cigarettes sub-sectors. The observed calendar variations are divided into two: the holiday effect, namely the effect of the month of Ramadan, the effect of the Eid al-Fitr holiday, and the effect of changes in the month of the Eid holidays; and the trading day effect, namely the effect of the day of the week and month of the year effects. ARIMA and ARIMAX model is used to see the effect of previous return data and the calendar variations on predicting stock returns. Descriptively, there is the effect of calendar variations due to Ramadan and Eid holidays and the influence of Monday and January effect. The existence of calendar variations does not apply equally to all types of stocks and to all observation time periods. The calendar variation tends to vary, does not form a clear pattern, does not consistently affect stock returns on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and is not statistically significant. Based on the analysis, it was found that the Monday effect and January effect are the most common phenomena in the Indonesian stock exchange.

Practical Applications of The Role of Contracts in Venture Capital Returns

In <ext-link><underline><bold>The Role of Contracts in Venture Capital Returns</bold></underline></ext-link>, published in the Fall 2021 issue of <bold><italic>The Journal of Alternative Investments</italic></bold>, <bold>Sarina Liu</bold> of <bold>Wells Fargo</bold> creates a novel dataset to empirically test the hypothesis that traditional methods overestimate the post-money value of startup firms. Data about contract terms display four general convertible preferred stock types that are often provided to venture capitalists (VCs). After combining the data on contract terms with two additional datasets, the author analyzes cash flows to the VCs, revealing several interesting statistics regarding early- and late-stage investors in small and large acquisitions for each of the four types of convertible preferred stocks. While possible outcomes include failures, acquisitions, or initial public offerings (IPOs), most involve small acquisitions. Importantly, the traditional method for estimating the post-money value is inaccurate because the assumption of using common stock does not capture the significant added value of preferred stock.

Study Of Performance Comparison of Sharia Shares In Indonesia And Malaysia: Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen Models

This study aims to analyze the differences in the performance of Islamic mutual funds using the Sharpe, Trenor and Jensen models on stock types of Islamic mutual funds in Indonesia and Malaysia for the 2017-2018 period. This research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study is sharia equity mutual funds in Indonesia and Malaysia in the 2017 - 2018 period. The data collection techniques used are secondary data, with analysis techniques by measuring performance with the Sharpe Trenor and Jensen models, and comparison with the average difference test technique.-average. Based on the results of the analysis of the two different tests on average, the results of differences in the performance of shariah mutual funds in Indonesia and Malaysia using the Sharpe, Trenor and Jensen models each have a significance value of 0.001 with the Sharpe model, 0.041 with the Trenor model and 0.049 with the Jansen model. This shows the level of difference in the performance of sharia mutual funds types of shares in Indonesia and Malaysia for the 2017-2018 period. And from the test results that the three methods used, the accuracy of the Sharpe model is better than the Trenor model and Jansen model.

Study Of Performance Comparison of Sharia Shares In Indonesia And Malaysia: Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen Models

This study aims to analyze the differences in the performance of Islamic mutual funds using the Sharpe, Trenor and Jensen models on stock types of Islamic mutual funds in Indonesia and Malaysia for the 2017-2018 period. This research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study is sharia equity mutual funds in Indonesia and Malaysia in the 2017 - 2018 period. The data collection techniques used are secondary data, with analysis techniques by measuring performance with the Sharpe Trenor and Jensen models, and comparison with the average difference test technique.-average. Based on the results of the analysis of the two different tests on average, the results of differences in the performance of shariah mutual funds in Indonesia and Malaysia using the Sharpe, Trenor and Jensen models each have a significance value of 0.001 with the Sharpe model, 0.041 with the Trenor model and 0.049 with the Jansen model. This shows the level of difference in the performance of sharia mutual funds types of shares in Indonesia and Malaysia for the 2017-2018 period. And from the test results that the three methods used, the accuracy of the Sharpe model is better than the Trenor model and Jansen model.

Застосування статистичних методів наукових досліджень при обстеженні пасажиропотоків міського автомобільного транспорту

The purpose of the paper is to propose scientific and methodological approaches to the generalization of passenger flow survey methods, the formation of the route transport network of the city, the calculation of the required type and number of rolling stock of passenger road transport, the formation of a list of preferential routes. The paper examines applied aspects of the application of the theory of urban passenger transportation in relation to transportation by means of passenger road transport of the city (PRTC). The main concepts of the theory of urban passenger transport and the issue of interaction between urban passenger transport and the city being served are analyzed on the basis of system concepts. An analysis of the main factors that affect the quality of planning, control and regulation of passenger road transport in the transport systems of cities has been carried out. Aspects of the theory of urban transport systems and design calculations of passenger transport by road are also considered. The research was carried out by the formation of new scientific and methodological approaches and scientific argumentation proposed on the basis of numerous works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of passenger transportation organization. Research method are mathematical statistics and modeling. The solution to the tasks of urban transport service is divided into two main complexes: the design of urban transport systems, and the organization of urban transport traffic. To form an optimal or rational route network, as well as to effectively use rolling stock and ensure a high level of passenger service, it is necessary to know the directions, sizes and degree of unevenness of passenger flows, the specific values of which are established during certain surveys. When surveying passenger flows, it is necessary to obtain reliable data in order to use them in solving problems of improving the quality of passenger service. But when choosing a survey method, it is necessary to take into account the complexity of the method and the costs of its implementation.

Justification of the Effectiveness of the Choice of the Method of Delivery of MSW by Rail and Road Modes of Transport

The authors in the presented article consider various types of transportation of MSW (solid municipal waste) from the Moscow region of the Russian Federation by different modes of transport, using different types of railway rolling stock. Calculations of technical indicators of the transportation process are presented. The article analyzes the data obtained by calculation. The authors substantiate the most rational option in technical, technological, operational, economic and environmental format for choosing railway rolling stock for the transportation of MSW and KGM (large-sized garbage) within the country.

The application of neural networks for the life-cycle analysis of road and rail rolling stock during the operational phase

The aim of this article is to assess the possibility of using neural networks to analyse the life cycle of rolling stock in the operational phase by selecting the number of rolling stock sets and rail using the example of public transport in the Szczecin agglomeration. The research was conducted in September 2019 and June 2020. It included the number of tram and bus rolling stock sets on individual public transport lines based on data from the Central Public Transport Management System in the Szczecin agglomeration. The research, which was based on comparative analyses of individual types of rolling stock and their technical and economic data, took into account the life-cycle assessment criteria associated with the operation of vehicles in relation to the number of rolling stock sets. The use of neural networks on the example of the city of Szczecin for the purpose of life-cycle analysis, can make a significant contribution to creating a decision model for the improvement of public transport in cities with various types of public transport vehicles.

Acoustic impact on bridges

The paper analyzes the influence of various factors on the level of acoustic impact during the passage of trains on bridges with span structures made of various materials. In the course of the work, a qualitative analysis of the measurement conditions (type of rolling stock, bridge structure design, acoustic conditions, etc.) and factors (span type, design of the cushion layer, distance from the noise source, climatic factors) affecting the maximum or equivalent sound level was carried out. Direct measurements of the maximum and equivalent sound levels on bridges with different spans were made. When the freight train passes, the greatest acoustic impact occurs on metal spans, the maximum sound level on which is recorded at a distance of 6.5 m from the track axis up to 99 dBA. If all else being equal – the speed of the train, its length, irregularities on the surface of the rails and wheels of the rolling stock, natural, climatic and external acoustic conditions, the most significant influence on the level of acoustic impact has a constructive solution of bridge structures – the type of span structure and the material from which it is made, as well as the damping capacity of the cushion layer between the plates of the ballastless bridge deck (BBD) and the longitudinal beams of the spans. The least acoustic impact on the environment is exerted by reinforced concrete and all-composite spans, which determine the lower sound level in comparison with metal spans by 6-8 dBA. Laying an elastic cushion layer between BBD slabs and longitudinal beams reduces the acoustic impact on metal spans by up to 2-3 dBA.

Development of measures to stabilize the financial condition of the fishing enterprise

As a result of the evaluation of the indicators of a large fishing enterprise of the Volga-Caspian basin (carrying out extraction and processing of biological resources), proposals were presented to reduce the value of the property and sources of financing of the organization, and this decrease was generally balanced with changes in revenue and profit of the enterprise. Considering the results of the analysis, as well as external and internal factors of the organization’s functioning, it is recommended to create a planning system to ensure financial stability in subsequent periods. Implementation is possible with the organization of the budgeting process. A stock management strategy was proposed to optimize their volume and structure. ABC analysis was used for this purpose, which made it possible to strengthen control over the main types of stocks and improve management efficiency. The proposed measures will facilitate the release of funds and contribute to the stabilization of the financial condition of the enterprise.

Rationing of fuel consumption based on identification of rolling stock modes

The article presents the results of a study of innovative technology on improving the rationing of diesel fuel consumption on rolling stock in the railway industry. As an object of research, fuel consumption was studied on a Automotrisa diesel editing - ADE-1, which is used in the electrification and power supply facilities of the Transenergo Directorate. Motorized carriage loading transport (MLT – 6), which is used in the economy of the track. On the basis of a number of regulatory documents of the Russian Railways company, the Samara State University of Railway Transport was entrusted with the analysis of the efficiency of fuel consumption of SSPS on these types of rolling stock at one of the railway landfills. The special self-propelled rolling stock of the Russian Railways company was studied as an object of research. The method of forming fuel consumption standards by identifying the actual values of fuel consumption and indicators of rolling stock operating modes is considered. The statistical methods used in the research allow us to set the rate of consumption in the range of 8% of the actual flow rate. Based on the use of the obtained fuel consumption rate, a method for identifying and evaluating the level of unauthorized fuel overspendings (draining) is provided.

Neonatal congenital pulmonary airway malformation associated with mucinous adenocarcinoma and KRAS mutations

Aim of the studyCongenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) has an estimated prevalence in Europe of 1.06/10,000 live births with most being detected using maternal ultrasound screening. Malignant transformation is a possible complication though its prevalence is unknown and previous reports have usually been in older children. We reviewed our experience to identify those CPAM cases associated with malignancy. MethodsSingle centre retrospective review of all surgically treated children with antenatally-detected CPAM, with detailed review of cases associated with malignancy. Main results210 infants and children underwent resectional surgery for CPAM during the period 1994–2020, with 43(20.5%) undergoing surgery during the neonatal period. Of these, 3 infants, all males, had undergone surgical resection for respiratory distress (at 3, 4 and 8 days of life) with subsequent histological confirmation as Stocker type 1 CPAM with clear foci of mucinous adenocarcinoma. Subsequent genetic analysis showed somatic KRAS (Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene) mutations in all three cases. No adjuvant treatment was required, and all are asymptomatic and disease-free at most recent follow-up (8 months, 2 and 6 years) ConclusionsThis series highlights a clear association between type 1 CPAM and mucinous adenocarcinoma with KRAS point mutations, suggesting that the process of carcinogenesis has the potential to start in utero. This underlines the importance of discussing the risk of malignancy in prenatal and postnatal counselling.

Different characteristics of barren and W–Mo–productive Cretaceous granites in the Hwanggangri mineralized district, South Korea

The Hwanggangri mineralized district (HMD) in South Korea contains a variety of ore deposits such as porphyry or skarn (Mo, Cu–Pb–Zn), carbonate replacement, and fissure–filling vein types (W–Mo, Au–Ag, fluorite). The HMD is located on the boundary of the Okcheon metamorphic belt and the Taebaeksan Basin. Most of the deposits are hosted in limestones/dolomitic limestones of the Joseon Supergroup, and the age of mineralization is Late Cretaceous (96.5–76.2 Ma) including Geumseong, Jungbo, Kwangsin, and Geumsil deposits. These granites are mainly magnetite-series biotite granites, and they can be categorized into early- and late-stage on the basis of mineral assemblage, texture, grain size, and magnetic susceptibility. Magnetite is present in some of the granites, and some of the early-stage granites retain the high magnetic susceptibility values typical of the magnetite series. However, the late-stage granites show a wide range of magnetic susceptibility values, including low ones due to fractionation. The emplacement ages of the Sokrisan, Weolaksan, Muamsa, and Susan granite bodies are 94–88 Ma, similar to the ages of mineralization in the study area. The Cretaceous granites reported to be related to W–Mo mineralization in the HMD show miarolitic, porphyritic, and micrographic textures indicating considerable hydrothermal fluid activity in a shallow environment. The rocks of the Sokrisan granite are mostly early stage, those of the Weolaksan and Muamsa granites include both early and late stages, and the studied samples of the Susan granite are entirely late stage. These four Cretaceous granites have more than 70 wt% SiO2, high Rb/Sr ratios, depletions in compatible elements, enrichments in incompatible elements, and tetrad patterns with depleted LREEs, enriched HREEs, and strong negative Eu anomalies. They all belong to the high–K calc–alkaline series, are dominantly peraluminous, and can be classified as strongly fractionated I–type granites. The Sokrisan, Weolaksan, Muamsa, and Susan granites have similar emplacement ages and geochemical characteristics that indicate the same magma source. However, the Sokrisan granite, with its mainly early-stage rocks, consistently higher magnetic susceptibility values, and relatively high Nb/Ta values, differs from the other Cretaceous granites in the HMD. This suggests that the widely exposed Sokrisan granite of batholith type has been eroded substantially, removing the late-stage rocks and ore deposits. In contrast, the stock–type Susan granite has undergone relatively little erosion, and it represents well the late-stage parts of the Cretaceous granites in the HMD. The Cretaceous granites in the HMD have mostly highly-fractionated geochemical characteristics, and the late-stage rocks that are more associated with W–Mo mineralization are more fractionated than the early-stage rocks. The respective productivities of the Susan, Muamsa, Weolaksan, and Sokrisan granites range from high to low, and the more-productive late-stage granites are still present, as they have undergone less erosion.

Methodology of Research on the Demand for Development of Transport Infrastructure and Rolling Stock for Perishable Goods Transportation

In the context of globalisation of economic relationships, intensification of transportation and technological solutions, the methodology of research and development of transport infrastructure requires improvement and adaptation to dynamically changing conditions of the transportation market.The objective of the work is to formalise and to develop a methodology for studying transport infrastructure, including specialised isothermal rolling stock. The initial data on cargo turnover were processed by the methods of mathematical statistics, and the technical parameters of innovative isothermal rolling stock were substantiated using the methods of T. Saaty analytic hierarchy process, expert assessment, and update engineering design process.The article provides an analysis of the cargo turnover of perishable goods transported by railway refrigerated transport in Russia in terms of volumes, types of rolling stock, and origin. The main origin-destination cargo flows are presented by types of transportation (domestic, transit, export, import transport operations). It has been determined that key factors in development of isothermal rolling stock for transportation of perishable goods in the transport system of the country refer to transportation of meat, fish, beer, soft drinks, juices in the segment of domestic transportation. The analysis shows that there are no structural and quantitative shifts in terms of types of transportation and types of cargo.The strategy for development of vehicles for transportation of perishable goods and the methodology are presented in a block diagram, in sections: «statement of the research problem», «decision-making stages», «decision implementation methods and algorithms». It is shown that the problem includes not only development of stationary railway infrastructure and of stages in development of isothermal rolling stock, but also the need to solve organisational, technical, technological, regulatory, and legal problems, as well as tariff regulation.The issues of methodology for designing an innovative isothermal rolling stock are considered referring to possible prospects for its development and areas of operation, as well as to a set of engineering and technological solutions. The study of linear dimensions and useful section of the loading space of various types of isothermal bodies shows the advantage of wagons and swap bodies in comparison with large-capacity refrigerated containers.It is proposed to design a prototype of innovative isothermal rolling stock on the basis of a universal isothermal swap body, configured with various types of refrigerating equipment with specified technical parameters that best meet the requirements of the modern transportation market. The areas of possible use of various types of isothermal rolling stock are analysed considering long-term forecasts for development of agricultural, fishing and processing industries.

Упругие характеристики подрельсового основания безбалластного железнодорожного пути

Objective: Experimental determination track modulus and the coeffi cient of relative stiffness of underrail base and the rail, which are the main elastic characteristics that determine the stresses in the structural elements of track superstructure under the impact force from the train. The values of these parameters for a track with a ballast layer are well studied, in contrast to a ballastless track. Comparison of the elastic characteristics of a ballastless railway track with analogs of a track on ballast, as well as an assessment of their effect on the stress-strain state of the superstructure elements of a ballastless track. Methods: When carrying out full-scale tests, strain-gauge methods for measuring stresses in the elements of the track superstructure were used. The obtained values were processed by the methods of mathematical statistics. One statistical series included the values of stresses corresponding to one type of rolling stock, fi xed axle load and train speed, changing by no more than 10 km/h. The probability level in processing the results was taken in all cases equal to 0,994. Results: The values of track modulus and the coeffi cient of the relative stiffness of the underrail base and the rail were obtained for a ballastless structure of the RHEDA 2000 type. Practical importance: The results allow us to consider the rail as a beam lying on a solid elastic foundation in relation to the ballastless track and use the existing calculation methods for the design of ballastless track structures depending on the operating conditions.

ENERGY SAVING BY REPLACING UNLOADED ENGINES OF NON-STANDARD EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK REPAIR

It is established that at various technological processes at repair of a rolling stock of railways electric drives of the universal non-standard equipment can constantly work in essentially underloaded mode that leads to deterioration of their power indicators. The aim of the work is to quantify the reduction of active power losses when replacing constantly underloaded asynchronous motors of unregulated electric drives of universal non-standard technological equipment used in the repair of railway rolling stock with less powerful ones. In this work, the subject of research are the motors of electric drives of this equipment. The analysis of technological processes at repair of a rolling stock, technical characteristics of the specified equipment is carried out and the conclusion is accepted that first of all it is expedient to investigate efficiency of replacement on the equipment of the established engine on less powerful at carrying out at the specialized enterprises of such technological processes warehouse (wheel pairs, traction motors, auxiliary electric machines, frames of rolling stock carts, etc.). The load of the electric motors of transport trolleys of equipment is proposed to be defined as the ratio of the weight of a large unit of electric locomotive, diesel locomotive, electric train and other types of rolling stock to the carrying capacity of universal non-standard equipment of transport trolley. The term "universal" equipment is introduced in the work, which means equipment for performing a certain technological process in the repair of various large units of different types of rolling stock, as well as "specialized enterprise" specializing in the repair of rolling stock, large units which weigh significantly less, than the load-lifting capacity of the transport cart of the equipment. Therefore, the motors of electric drives of universal equipment at these enterprises are constantly operating underloaded. Also actions for quantitative assessment and reduction of active power losses in the electric drive motor are offered.