Reflection Type Research Articles

Do teachers think on their feet? The awareness and practice of reflective approach among secondary school teachers in Ethiopia

The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness and practice of Secondary School teachers about employing reflective approach. It was a qualitative study involving two government secondary schools, namely, Biftu Secondary School and Shashemene Secondary School which were selected purposively. Likewise, a total of 12 teachers were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The primary data was gathered using interviews and focus group discussions, whereas secondary data was obtained from different documents like classroom reflection reports and instructional lesson plans. The findings showed that the teachers have some awareness about reflective practices. However, they have not successfully implemented it as they lacked practice based in-depth understanding of the approach. In addition, it was disclosed that some teachers even do not have awareness about reflective practice at all. Similarly, it was discovered that reflection-in-action is the common type of reflection being practiced. And, reflection-for-action is hardly applied in the teaching learning process. This entails that the failure to employ reflective practice in a balanced way has been affecting the quality of education in the schools. Therefore, concerned stakeholders should work on enhancing teachers’ awareness and practice skills in employing reflective approach.

Features of the relationship between the representative system of perception and reflexivity among modern youth

The material examines the role of the representative system of perception of young people and methods of reflexivity. Based on theoretical and empirical analysis, the author studied that depending on the modality of perception of the subject, a certain differentiated type of reflection will be possible, namely systemic reflection, retroflection and quasi-reflection. In the study, the author established: the relationship between the indicators of introspection and the auditory system of perception, the inverse relationship between the indicators of introspection and the digital system of perception, the inverse relationship between the indicators of quasi-reflection and the digital system of perception and the direct relationship between the indicators of introspection and the auditory system of perception in young people.

Koniec zabijania w imię pokoju? Rewizja modelu fikcyjnego mściciela w komiksie oraz serialu „Peacemaker”

Within the discussion of popular narratives that place the idea of ‘peace’ at their core, stories about fictional superheroes seem to be a potentially ideal area for scientific exploration. However, when delving into the specificity of selected comic book, film and TV series examples, it turns out that the issue of the ‘peace-centricity’ of this type of story requires a more in-depth reflection, going beyond the often naive ideas about the actual ideological content present here. A perfect example of this type of reflection is a fictional character nicknamed Peacemaker, whose transmedia incarnations accurately illustrate the complex status of the superhero mission as a ‘fight for peace’.

Acoustic Metagrating Holograms.

Metasurface holograms represent a common category of metasurface devices that utilize in-plane phase gradients to shape wavefronts, forming holographic images through the application of the generalized Snell's law (GSL). While conventional metasurfaces focus solely on phase gradients, metagratings, which incorporate higher-order wave diffraction, further expand the GSL's generality. Recent advances in certain acoustic metagratings demonstrate an updated GSL extension capable of reversing anomalous transmission and reflection, whose reversal is characterized by the parity of the number of wave propagation trips through the metagrating. However, the current extension of GSL remains limited to 1D metagratings, unable to access 2D holographic images in 3D spaces. Here, the GSL extension to 2D metagratings for manipulating waves within 3D spaces is investigated. Through this analysis, a series of acoustic metagrating holograms is experimentally demonstrated. These holographic images exhibit the unique ability to switch between transmission and reflection types independently. This study introduces an additional dimension to modern holography design and metasurface wavefront manipulation.

University Students, Social Media, and Purposeful Use

University students are frequent users of networked environments, such as social media, in their everyday lives. Although often associated with socialization and entertainment, their social media use is multifaceted, reaching across other life activities and contexts. This exploratory, qualitative study draws upon interviews with 25 university students in the United States, considering how they use social media across learning and professional contexts, and how they view their role in this setting. During the interviews, students participated in a card sort activity that presented them with 41 potential social media tasks they might engage in as well as two different ways of categorizing social media tasks.Findings showed that students use some social media tools, like Instagram, widely across contexts, while other tools are relegated to specialized use or contexts, largely driven by task. Instructors set the tone for using certain other tools, like X (formerly known as Twitter) or Diigo (a social bookmarking tool), whereas other tools are used to access resources but not to interact, like Pinterest and YouTube. Most students reported using social media to interact with others, but only within well-defined networks comprised of friends and classmates. Interactions with these individuals were focused on supporting friendship and accomplishing learning or extracurricular tasks, respectively. Beyond that, students reported a passive role on social media, consuming rather than producing content and leaving limited traces of their presence in the public sphere, with the exception of situations when students were leaders in extracurricular groups or using social media for their jobs. In those instances, the most common uses were related to posting event and promotional information. After engaging with the social media tasks and activity categories presented in the card sort, students offered two types of reflections. One group reflected on the limited nature of their personal social media use, whereas the other group indicated that there was a range of social media tasks and uses that they had not previously considered. The small group of students who did not offer any sort of post-activity reflection indicated that they had small networks with limited activities by design, and lacked interest in thinking further about them. These findings have implications for higher education institutions, where students might be offered learning, extracurricular, and career support opportunities to help them develop both awareness and skills related to common networked knowledge activities and corresponding digital skills.

Modern Utopia: Yuval Noah Harari

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of utopia, in particular, attention is paid to the problem of the crisis of utopian thought that arose at the end of the twentieth century and continues to the present. The author examines the features of philosophical criticism of modernity by the ideologist of the future and futurist Yuval Noah Harari. The purpose of this study is to find out whether Yuval Noah Harari is a utopian of our time, and the model of the near future proposed by Y. Harari, which represents a natural reaction of society to the global value and ideological crisis, is a modern utopia by signs. In the course of researching issues related to the crisis of utopian thought of our time, the author proceeds from the postulate that utopia is a special type of predictive reflection, a worldview built in orientation towards the probable future. The research is based on the concept of K. Manheim, according to which utopia is an attitude of consciousness oriented towards the future, as well as from the definition of utopia as an idealized social construct, fundamentally unrealizable as a whole. The scientific novelty of this study is as follows: the main concepts of understanding modern utopia are identified, the specifics of describing the realities of modernity are substantiated, characteristics relevant to the worldview of the XXI century are identified, proceeding from the categories of philosophizing of a new kind, the features of Yuval Noah Harari's criticism of the utopia of a new formation are revealed. The result of the study shows that Yuval Noah Harari is a modern utopian, and his project is considered an escapist-type utopia of modernity, based on social stratification. This utopia is escapist, because for one part of humanity it is unrealizable and is only a means of escape from reality, while for another part of it it can serve as a full-fledged project of the future, claiming to be realized. It also has such an ontological property as temporality, since it corresponds to the realities of its time in terms of content.

Emotional reflection as a factor of improving quality of foreign language teaching at school.

The article deals with the problem of reflexive skills formation in schoolchildren in a foreign language lesson at school; it substantiates the importance of their formation for the cognitive and communicative activity of students; it also describes the ways of developing reflexive skills in schoolchildren in a foreign language lesson, reveals the functions of reflection in the educational process in a foreign language, provides a list of types of reflection. A detailed description of the student’s emotional reflection is given and teaching methods aimed at the formation of emotional reflection skills at different educational levels in school foreign language education are proposed; criteria and indicators of the formation of students’ emotional reflection skills by means of a foreign language are revealed.

Virtually measuring layered material appearance

This paper describes the design and the implementation of a virtual gonioradiometer dedicated to the analysis of layered materials BSDF. For a given material sample, interfaces between layers are represented by geometric meshes, associated with elementary reflectances. Light scattering is performed using path tracing. Our system is composed of five hemispherical sensors, whose cells have uniform solid angles, and a close-to-uniform geometry. The upper hemisphere captures the reflected radiance distribution, while the other four collect the light energy lost by the sample sides. Sensor resolutions can be set to gather very fine details of the BSDF. With the proposed system, any type of virtual surface reflection and transmission can be simulated, with several controllable surface layers, and with any type of reflection configuration, including direct reflections, two bounces of reflection, or all contributions. A series of results is provided with several types of layered materials, as well as discussion and analysis concerning the assumptions made with analytical layered BSDF models. We also propose an in-depth study of the side effects that inevitably appear when measuring such (real) material configurations. Finally, our system will be freely available to the community (open source dissemination).

Characterization of physics and astronomy assistant professors’ reflections on their teaching: can they promote engagement in instructional change?

The development of reflective practitioners is one of four dominant change strategies in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) higher education literature. However, little research concerns the characterization of faculty’s reflections. Before professional development programs can effectively incorporate reflective writings as a tool for pedagogical improvement, it is necessary to first understand the current state of faculty’s reflections. To accomplish this goal, 98 physics and astronomy instructors were recruited from a teaching-focused professional development workshop and were asked to write a reflection on a self-identified challenging teaching experience.A combination of a priori coding to analyze the content and depth of the reflections, as well as in vivo coding to better capture instructors’ thinking were utilized. The majority of instructors wrote low-level reflections, wherein connections were not made between an instructors’ actions and the observed outcomes or the described experience was not centered on students’ outcomes or educational research literature. Approximately half of the instructors contemplated their own growth and the relationships with their students. However, only a small minority of instructors considered larger societal, cultural, or ethical factors. Plans created by instructors to address future, similar situations heavily relied on the instructors themselves, regardless of the depth of their reflections, and few planned to seek out knowledge from other resources such as peers or the education literature.This study indicates that instructors may not engage in the types of reflection that are considered to promote meaningful instructional change. Trends in the instructors’ plans show that ongoing support is necessary for them to effectively reflect and grow as practitioners. Overall, this work provides valuable insight into the poorly understood nature of faculty’s reflections and showcases the need for more research to fully characterize reflections across STEM disciplines and to better inform professional development.

DESIGN OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING PROGRAMS TO IMPROVE SOCIAL SKILLS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

This study aims to develop a guidance and counseling program at SDN 1 Kenanga Kec. Sumber to improve students' social skills. The background of this study stems from the growing concern about students' social skills in primary schools, particularly in SDN 1 Kenanga sub-district Sumber. Initial evaluations and observations revealed that many students in the school were lacking in essential social skills such as communication, cooperation and conflict resolution. These imperfections can have a significant impact on students' ability to succeed academically and socially, both in and out of school. This study used qualitative research methods to create an effective program for guidance and counseling services that can be implemented at SDN 1 Kenanga sub-district Sumber, with the ultimate goal of improving students' social skills. The main objective of this research is to design the development of an effective guidance and counseling service program. The results of this program design are the development of a service program that includes network development, development of guidance and counseling management activities, service development, and development of service types as well as design and action plans that include identification, time management, inventory of needs and types of services, implementation, reflection, and program evaluation. This program is expected to improve students' social skills at SDN 1 Kenanga sub-district Sumber.

Teacher reflection as a research method: using phenomenology to reflect on classroom events

ABSTRACT Arguing that teacher reflection on events as a research method is necessary for naming unrecognized values and moral responsibility that have informed current practice, I apply phenomenological reflection to an event with a child from my own classroom experience, recorded through autoethnographic writing, to show how the significance of this revealed itself in its latency, bringing into nearness the originary and eidetic insights of this lived pedagogical encounter. I do this utilizing two insight cultivators – ‘essential a posteriori’ (the ‘too late’), and responsive contact. This type of autobiographical reflection is important for teachers because what is remembered, while often present in the form of fragmentary and unconnected scenes, informs educators in terms of who they are now, that is, who they have become.

Deep clustering in subglacial radar reflectance reveals subglacial lakes

Abstract. Ice-penetrating radar (IPR) imaging is a valuable tool for observing the internal structure and bottom of ice sheets. Subglacial water bodies, also known as subglacial lakes, generally appear as distinct, bright, flat, and continuous reflections in IPR images. In this study, we use available IPR images from the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains to extract one-dimensional reflector waveform features of the ice–bedrock interface. We apply a deep-learning method to reduce the dimension of the reflector features. An unsupervised clustering method is then used to separate different types of reflector features, including a reflector type corresponding to subglacial lakes. The derived clustering labels are then used to detect features of subglacial lakes in IPR images. Using this method, we compare the new detections with a known-lakes inventory. The results indicate that this new method identified additional subglacial lakes that were not previously detected, and some previously known lakes are found to correspond to other reflector clusters. This method can offer automatic detections of subglacial lakes and provide new insight for subglacial studies.

Coronavirus Sars-Cov-2 A Puzzle Still to Be Solved in Pregnancy

Introduction: The new corona virus detected in China, SARS-CoV-2, spreads rapidly among the cities of the world, and produces a clinical picture that receives the name of COVID-19, capable of inducing disease with increased risk in pregnant women of complications for her and for the product of conception. Objective: to show in relation to COVID-19 and pregnancy the main findings that try to explain the infection and the disease. Materials and methods: this reflective type of writing was based on the documentary review of information available in digital repositories on aspects of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women. Results: the documentary information of what was found is categorized into four subchapters: pregnancy physiology and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, maternal-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2, recommendations for obstetric management in COVID-19 and future research in COVID-19 and pregnancy. Discussion and conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease in pregnant women are explained in an effort to offer researchers and health professionals condensed information on the matter for consensual obstetric management that culminates with the issuance of recommendations and the approach of aspects that are considered necessary to investigate.

Субъективное благополучие преподавателей в современных условиях: эмоционально-личностные и метакогнитивные предикторы

<p>This study aims to comprehensively explore the emotional, personal, and metacognitive predictors of the psychological well-being of teachers. The article presents the results of identifying personality traits, features of the emotional sphere and regulation of emotions, as well as features of metacognition that can influence well-being of teachers in modern conditions. To measure these characteristics, the following methods were used: a short portrait questionnaire of the Big Five; methodology “Differential Scale of Emotions”; methodology for diagnosing the subjective well-being of the individual; Metacognitive Awareness Inventory; test “Differential Type of Reflection”; Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the author's self-assessment questionnaire of metacognitive behavior “Metacognitive Skills in the Structure of Educational and Professional Activities”. Study sample: 106 people aged 20 to 75 years (average age 45,85) – teachers, lecturers, heads of departments of higher educational institutions and colleges. It is shown that the higher levels of metacognitive involvement correspond to the higher levels of subjective well-being. A high index of positive emotions, higher levels of trait conscientiousness and conscious use of metacognitive skills, positive revision and acceptance strategies, and lower acute negative emotions index also have a positive effect. The results described can be helpful in preventative and therapeutic work with the symptoms of professional burnout of teachers.</p>

Quiet.

Description According to theatrical superstition, saying "Macbeth" in the theater when you aren't actively performing or rehearsing foreshadows impending doom. In a similar way, in the hospital, its own production of sorts where medical staff is under pressure to perform, it's the "Q" word. We all dread the "Q" word and are vexed with anyone who dares say it. Yet sometimes wandering the hospital during night float, I often feel a profound sense of "Quiet." The word is typically associated with a lack of it, but I find there is a certain peace with being alone with one's thoughts. Residency can be an isolating endeavor, and this particular type of quiet reflection doesn't come around often in a busy hospital. When it does, I think about the other people in this shared space that we work in who may also be feeling the same way, which is bizarrely comforting. However, I probably wouldn't say so out loud, especially under a full moon.

Non-invasive methods for heart rate measurement in fish based on photoplethysmography.

Heart rate is a crucial physiological indicator for fish, but current measurement methods are often invasive or require delicate manipulation. In this study, we introduced two non-invasive and easy-to-operate methods based on photoplethysmography, namely reflectance-type photoplethysmography (PPG) and remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), which we applied to the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). PPG showed perfect synchronization with electrocardiogram (ECG), with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.99999. For rPPG, the results showed good agreement with ECG. Under active provision of green light, the Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.966, surpassing the value of 0.947 under natural light. Additionally, the root mean square error was 0.810, which was lower than the value of 1.30 under natural light, indicating not only that the rPPG method had relatively high accuracy but also that green light may have the potential to further improve its accuracy.

Impacts of intestinal ostomy: Perspectives on the experience of the ostomized

Stoma is a term that has the meaning of mouth. Intestinal stoma is a surgical procedure, which aims to change the path of effluents, exteriorizing part of the intestine on the surface of the abdomen. Thus, with this change, there are several impacts on the lives of individuals who are submitted to this surgical procedure. To identify through the research of articles the impacts that the ostomized go through during their experience from the religious sphere, to the labor. This is a literature review study of a qualitative approach of the reflective descriptive analysis type. The searches were conducted in the BVS and Google academic databases between February and May 2023. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Twenty-six articles were selected that were consistent with the descriptors presented and with the objective of this review. After the reflective reading, four points were raised about this population: The repercussion of the intestinal ostomy for mental health; Impacts of the intestinal ostomy in the return of the labor activities; The sexual life of the person with intestinal ostomy; The religiosity and spirituality as a support network for the person with intestinal ostomy. It is concluded that the ostomy, despite being a method that aims at improving the quality of life of the person who has it, either permanently or temporarily, generates several impacts on the experience of the ostomized person, affecting different areas. Therefore, this study is of great value in order to analyze these impacts, as well as to demonstrate them in a succinct way.

Reflection of a rightward-moving oblique shock of first family over a steady oblique shock wave

The reflection of a rightward-moving oblique shock (RMOS) belonging to the first family, over an initially steady oblique shock wave (SOSW) produced by a wedge, is studied in this paper. To cover all possibilities, the problem is divided into a pre-shock reflection problem, for which the incident shock is assumed to reflect over the pre-interaction part of the SOSW, and a post-shock reflection problem, for which the incident shock is assumed to reflect over the post-interaction part. Such division, together with the definition of the equivalent problem defined on the reference frame co-moving with the nominal intersection point of the two shock waves, allows us to connect the reflection patterns with the six types of shock interference of Edney, which include type I–VI shock interferences depending on how an upstream oblique shock intersects a bow shock (types I and II are regular and Mach reflections of two shocks from the opposite sides; type III and type IV have two triple points or two Mach reflection configuration; type V and type VI are irregular and regular reflections of two shocks from the same side). We are thus able to identify all possible shock reflection types and find their transition conditions. Pre-shock reflection may yield IV, V and VI (of Edney's six types) shock interferences and post-shock reflection may yield I, II and III shock interferences. Pre- and post-shock reflections possibly occur at two different parts of the SOSW, and the complete reflection configuration may have one or both of them. Both transition condition study and numerical simulation are used to show how pre-shock reflection and post-shock reflection exist alone or coexist, leading to various types of combined pre-shock and post-shock reflections.

The essence of students' vitality in the context of its reflexive determination.

Aim: Theoretical analysis of the problem of the individual's vitality in the context of its reflective determination, an empirical study of the formation of its components, and the proof of correlations with various types of reflection. Materials and Methods: The following psychodiagnostic methods were used in the empirical study: "Methodology of vitality diagnosis" by S. Maddi in an adaptation by D. Leontiev; test for determining the reflection of interpersonal interaction T. Pushkar in the modification of N. Senchyna; the method of research of reflexivity of thinking (T. Pashukova, A. Dopira, G. Dyakonov); the technique "Determining the level of reflection" (O. Anisimov); method "Determining the level of reflexivity" (A. Karpov, V. Ponomaryova). Results: It was established that the majority of students in both the first and fourth years have an average and low level of vitality. Vitality is directly connected to intellectual, personal, and situational reflection on a temporal basis; that is, the specified types of reflection are the leading determinants of vitality, which is statistically proven. Conclusions: The study showed the high importance of resilience for the full functioning of student youth in modern complex life conditions and its determination by the level of development of various types of reflection.

Transition to detonation in hydrogen-air mixtures due to shock focusing in a 3-wall 90-deg corner

This work presents an experimental investigation on the transition to detonation due to shock-wave focusing in a 3-wall 90-deg corner in hydrogen-air mixtures (17.5 – 60% H2) initially at 298 K and 1 bara. The reflector was placed at one side of 2 – m long, 0.14 m internal diameter tube. The other side of the tube was equipped with an ignition source and a flame acceleration section. The shock wave approached the reflector with a velocity in the range of 580 – 970 m/s. The reflector was placed symmetrically to the tube axis. The research proved that transition to detonation due to shock focusing highly depends on the shock wave strength and can be triggered in a stoichiometric mixture at shock speed VS = 605 m/s which corresponds to M = 1.485 or 59.9% of the speed of sound in combustion products. The ignition delay time recorded for transition to detonation was at the order of few microseconds. The detonability range observed with the 3-wall 90-deg reflector proved to be 15 - 70 % H2 in air compared to 18 - 59% H2 observed in work performed for a 90-deg wedge reflector configuration at the same initial conditions. Additionally, the scaling factor between critical shock velocity between both types of reflectors is almost constant and equal to 0.84 throughout the investigated mixtures. The high focusing ability of the 3-wall corner has also proved the minimum transition pressure recorded in the corner tip at the level of 8.95 MPa in a stoichiometric mixture. This value corresponds to a nearly 17-fold increase in pressure compared to normal shock post-reflection conditions. Considering the shock focusing as the major trigger for detonation the presented results may explain the differences between the detonability limits observed in obstacle-laden ducts and large-scale experimental setups.