Peer Trust Research Articles

Learners' perceived advantages and social-affective dispositions toward online peer feedback in academic writing.

Peer feedback is widely acknowledged for its advantages and benefits in improving students’ learning in writing classes. Although the integration of online platforms has been found to impact peer feedback, research on second language learners’ perceived advantages of social affective disposition to using multiple platforms for delivering peer feedback is limited. To address the aforementioned research gap, we conducted this 12-week action research to explore how 12 doctoral students at a university in Macau perceived their experience of using multiple online feedbacks in an academic writing course. To integrate the various advantages of different online platforms, we adopted three tools including Moodle, Rain Classroom, and WeChat for the delivery of peer feedback. The results demonstrated learners’ perceived advantages and disadvantages of online peer feedback and how the different online peer feedback can be combined to magnify their benefits for academic writing. It also revealed that the use of emojis, memes, and one-to-one conversation window on WeChat can foster students’ positive emotions. However, the ubiquitous connection by WeChat Moments increased their emotional load and undermined peer trust.

Peer Attachment and Proactive Socialization Behavior: The Moderating Role of Social Intelligence.

Proactive socialization involves an active attempt to integrate into an organization, which can help an individual complete the transition from student to employee. This study—conducted via a survey involving college graduates (one year after graduation)—explores the peer attachment influence mechanism on proactive socialization behaviors and the moderating effects of social intelligence. The results of the empirical analysis show that core self-evaluation has a mediating effect between peer attachment and individual proactive socialization behavior. Peer trust and peer communication can improve individual proactive socialization behavior by enhancing core self-evaluation, but peer alienation may reduce core self-evaluation and inhibit individual proactive socialization behavior in the workplace. Social intelligence has a moderating mediating role between peer attachment, core self-evaluation, and proactive socialization behavior. High social intelligence may enhance the indirect influence of peer trust and communication on proactive socialization behavior through core self-evaluation and weaken the indirect influence of peer alienation on proactive socialization behavior through core self-evaluation. In recruitment and selection, organizations can predict the proactive socialization behaviors of candidates by investigating their peer relationships, and can also strive to create a harmonious working atmosphere and relationship to help new employees integrate into the organization.

Attitudes toward peers, supervisors, and citizens: a comparison of Chinese and Taiwanese police officers

PurposeThis paper comparatively assesses the connections between individual demographic traits, occupational characteristics, and organizational factors and officers' attitudes toward important groups in China and Taiwan.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data used in this study were collected from 722 police officers from mainland China and 531 officers from Taiwan. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to assess the correlates of police attitudes toward peers, supervisors, and citizens.FindingsThe Chinese and Taiwanese officers do not differ in their trust in peers, but the Chinese officers hold significantly more positive views on the trustworthiness of supervisors and citizens compared to the Taiwanese officers. Supervisor justice and organizational identification are significant predictors of officers' attitudes toward all three groups in both countries.Research limitations/implicationsA major limitation revolves around the inability to test and explain exactly why findings from the two groups vary in their ways. Future research should include specific social, political, and cultural predictors.Originality/valueThis study represents one of the few studies that compare police attitudes toward important groups of peers, supervisors, and citizens across nations/cultures.

Student trust in school peers: a relational condition for optimal school functioning

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to establish a line of inquiry into student trust in school peers by: (1) developing a valid and reliable measure and (2) investigating the potential influence of student trust in school peers on optimal school functioning.Design/methodology/approachA non-experimental, survey research design was used. Ex-post facto data were collected in the spring of 2017 and spring of 2019 from a random sample of students in either the 5th, 7th, 9th or 11th grades in 79 schools located in a southwestern city in the US. Two types of analyses were performed. First, structural and convergent validity of the items measuring student trust in school peers were tested with a confirmatory factor analysis, and correlations with bullying and safety. The second analysis tested a hypothesized model with a full structural equation model using robust maximum likelihood estimation.FindingsConfirmatory factor analysis results report that items used to measure student trust in school peers share common variance with the latent trust factor. Both the 10-item and five-item measures had good model fit and parameter estimates. Additionally, the five-item measure had strong relationships with bullying and safety. As specified in the hypothesized model, student trust in peers had a strong, positive relationship with identification with school and positive, yet not as strong, of a relationship with academic grit. These relationships existed when accounting for student perceived teacher support.Originality/valueThis study extends trust research to students' relational connections by conceptualizing student trust in school peers as a cognitive belief, constructing a valid measure and finding a relationship between student–peer trust and elements optimal school functioning.

아동의 자아존중감이 사이버 비행 문제의식에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the mediating effect of peer attachment and teacher relationship in the process of children's self-esteem affecting cyber delinquency cultural consciousness. Methods Using the data from the 11th Korean Children's Panel (2018), 707 people who responded to all research variables were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 23.0. Results The main results are as follows. First, focusing on cyber delinquency problem consciousness, it showed the statistically-significant positive correlation with the intimacy of teacher relationship, while there was no statistically-significant correlation with self-esteem, peer attachment communication, trust, and teacher relationship conflict(reverse). Second, the measurement model was suitable, and convergent validity was confirmed. In the structural relationship, it was found that it had a complete mediating effect in the path of ‘self-esteem → peer attachment → teacher relationship → cyber delinquency problem consciousness’. Conclusions These findings are significant in that they reaffirm the importance of relationship formation and find ways to establish awareness of cyber delinquency problem consciousness.

Trust Management in a Friend-to-Friend Network

Trusting a person that one has not had any collaboration with is risky, but when there is a trust relationship the feeling of being vulnerable or that others can take advantage of the trustee will not be there. Moreover, a trusted friend can equally change and become dubious since trust is not immutable and it changes from time to time. There is a need for mechanisms that will guarantee and enforce normative behaviours and at the same time, increase online collaboration by stimulating potential users’ trust towards the friends on the network. This research leveraged on Distributed Hash Table (DHT) and the Symmetric Replication Technique (SRT) to ensure availability of trust data for trust computation. To be able to use the DHT and the SRT, the concept of trustworthiness was conceptualized and operationalized into personal trust, reputational trust and recommendation trust. The architecture of the Trust Aware Model deployed on the F2F network, performed the function of peer trust update with respect to a peer’s collaborating level of trustworthiness thereby enabling effective management of trust in an F2F network that will bring about a robust F2F collaboration. Keywords: Trust Management, Collaborative Model, Distributed Hash Table, Symmetric Replication Techniques CISDI Journal Reference Format Aderibigbe, O.S. (2022): Trust Management in a Friend-to-Friend Network. Computing, Information Systems, Development Informatics & Allied Research Journal. Vol 13 No 2. Pp 73-.80. Available online at www.computing-infosystemsjournal.info CrossREF DOI No - dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/CISDI/V13N2P7

Treat you like my own

I am a radiation therapist at the Simcoe Muskoka Regional Cancer Centre in Barrie, Ontario, Canada. My mother recently underwent cancer treatments, and the journey has given me many moments of reflection and pause as an MRT, as a daughter, and as a mother. It was emotional for me to be providing care for our cancer patients while my own mother was undergoing radiation treatment at another centre. There was pain, anguish, guilt—but also a lightness and a deep and powerful feeling of trust in my MRT peers that they are working just as diligently with my mom as I worked diligently on others.

Peer assessment in EFL teacher preparation: A longitudinal study of student perception

Peer assessment has been found to have many advantages in learning particularly when viewing it through a socio-cultural lens. This study explored peer assessment across language teacher education coursework, following 15 teacher candidates through three semesters of TEFL coursework. This longitudinal approach is rare with peer assessment research. Surveys and interviews were collected to understand the students’ perception of peer assessment, including how it contributed to their learning and its summative use. Results indicated that repeatedly practicing peer assessment in coursework led to increased positive perception about its usefulness in learning and enhanced trust in peers as qualified assessors, but with a complex interaction of various factors in students’ perception, such as perceived task difficulty, interpersonal relationships, mode of feedback, etc. The participants’ hesitant attitudes about summative use of peer assessment (PA) was interpreted as largely based on their socio-culturally shaped perspectives of authority and academic achievement. Implications for using peer assessment in language teacher education are offered.

Here for My Peer: The Future of First Responder Mental Health.

Workplace interventions that leverage social tactics to improve health and well-being are becoming more common. As an example, peer mental health support interventions aim to reduce stigma and promote treatment seeking in first responder populations. Given the social nature of these interventions, it is important to consider how the preexisting social context influences intervention outcomes. A peer mental health support intervention was delivered among first responders, and self-efficacy and intention to have supportive peer conversations were measured pre-and post-intervention. Trust in peers was measured prior to the intervention. Results suggest a floor effect may exist for self-efficacy, in which a foundational level of trust and pre-intervention self-efficacy may be needed to maximize intervention effectiveness. As the future of work brings complex safety and health challenges, collaborative solutions that engage multiple stakeholders (employees, their peers, and their organization) will be needed. This study suggests that more frequent attention to pre-existing intervention context, particularly social context in peer-focused intervention, will enhance intervention outcomes.

The role of context in overcoming distance-related problems in global virtual teams: an organizational discontinuity theory perspective

Working at a distance has become a hot topic since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. One type of work unit that naturally faces both physical and social distance is the Global Virtual Teams (GVT). While distance has been debated in the GVT literature, there is still a scarcity of research on how to deal with distance related problems. Guided by organizational discontinuity theory, we explore the effect of individual-level approaches to overcoming physical distance (time zone adjustment) and social distance (trust in peers) in GVTs. In addition, we assess how these mechanisms are affected by the team context in the form of openness to cultural diversity. We do this by studying 23 GVTs (171 team members and 23 team leaders) in the global R&D department of a Danish engineering company. Our findings demonstrate that trust in peers is positively associated with job role clarity and job performance at the individual-level, and that high team openness to diversity, in the case of performance, makes the individual’s level of trust in peers less necessary for achieving performance. Our results also show that time zone adjustment increases job role clarity for the individual team member, but only in GVTs with high openness to cultural diversity. Based on this, we contribute to the organizational discontinuity theory by demonstrating how continuity-creating mechanisms can interact with the team context to ultimately support the individual’s potential for handling distance in GVTs.

Examining the multilevel associations between psychological wellbeing and social trust: A primary analysis of survey data.

The present study examines the associations between multiple measures of social trust and two outcomes of psychological wellbeing (happiness and depression) among South Korean adults (n = 1549) living in residential communities, that is, administrative districts (n = 77) in and around the capital city of Seoul. Based on multilevel modeling, we find that familial trust positively predicts happiness at both individual and contextual levels; and it negatively predicts depression at the individual level only. In comparison, peer trust is negatively related only to depression at the individual level, albeit marginally. Lastly, general trust significantly predicts both outcomes at the community, but not individual, level. These mixed findings suggest that the trust-wellbeing relationship depends critically on issues of definition (how the variables are conceptualized) and measurement (how they are operationalized according to different units of analysis). Our study offers implications for the literature on social determinants of mental health broadly and, more specifically, on the role of social trust.

임상간호사의 조직신뢰, 회복탄력성 및 공감피로가 간호업무성과에 미치는 영향

This study was aimed at identifying the effect of organizational trust, resilience and compassion fatigue on the performance of clinical nurses. The participants were 174 nurses who worked at four 200 to 300 hospitals in Busan, Korea. They responded to a structured self-report questionnaire administered from January 2 to January 31, 2020. The collected data were analyzed for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression via the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Nursing performance has a significant positive correlation with organizational trust. The sub-categories, supervisory trust and peer trust also have significant positive correlations with nursing performance. There is also a significant positive correlation between nursing performance and resilience. This study found that nursing performance is influenced by resilience, gender, working style, and experience in the current unit. In order to improve the performance of clinical nurses, it is necessary to identify gender and work style based characteristics, develop programs, and improve measures to increase each nurse’s resilience.

Factors Influencing Adjustment to Remote Work: Employees' Initial Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 crisis has disrupted when, where, and how employees work. Drawing on a sample of 5452 Finnish employees, this study explores the factors associated with employees’ abrupt adjustment to remote work. Specifically, this study examines structural factors (i.e., work independence and the clarity of job criteria), relational factors (i.e., interpersonal trust and social isolation), contextual factors of work (i.e., change in work location and perceived disruption), and communication dynamics (i.e., organizational communication quality and communication technology use (CTU)) as mechanisms underlying adjustment to remote work. The findings demonstrate that structural and contextual factors are important predictors of adjustment and that these relationships are moderated by communication quality and CTU. Contrary to previous research, trust in peers and supervisors does not support adjustment to remote work. We discuss the implications of these findings for practice during and beyond times of crisis.

Exchanging social support in social commerce: The role of peer relations

This study investigates the social support exchange process in social commerce. It confirms the influence of receiving online social support on giving social support meditated by peer relations in social commerce. The theoretical model was examined with data collected from 302 consumers that are involved in social commerce. The partial least squares method was employed to validate the proposed hypotheses. The findings suggest that the effect of receiving social support, that is, informational and emotional supports, on intention to offer support in social commerce is partially mediated by peer relations, that is, trust in peers and the norm of reciprocity. This study enhances our understanding of social commerce research by investigating the social support exchange process among peers. Moreover, this study extends the peer relations perspective to the context of social support exchange in social commerce.

Parent and Peer Attachments in Adolescence and Paternal Postpartum Mental Health: Findings From the ATP Generation 3 Study.

Background: When adolescent boys experience close, secure relationships with their parents and peers, the implications are potentially far reaching, including lower levels of mental health problems in adolescence and young adulthood. Here we use rare prospective intergenerational data to extend our understanding of the impact of adolescent attachments on subsequent postpartum mental health problems in early fatherhood.Methods: At age 17–18 years, we used an abbreviated Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment to assess trust, communication, and alienation reported by 270 male participants in their relationships with mothers, fathers, and peers. More than a decade later, we assessed the adult males, now fathers, at 12 months postpartum (N = 409 infant offspring) for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Logistic regression was used to examine the extent to which attachment dimensions predicted paternal postpartum mental health, adjusting for potential confounding, and with assessment for interactions between parent and peer attachments.Results: Trust in mothers and peers, and good communication with fathers during adolescence, were associated with 5 to 7 percentage point reductions in postpartum mental health symptoms in early fatherhood. Weak evidence of parent-peer interactions suggested secure attachments with either parent or peer may compensate for an insecure attachment with the other.Conclusions: Our results suggest that fostering trust and communication in relationships that adolescent boys have with parents and peers may have substantial effects on rates of paternal postpartum mental health problems. The protective benefits may be preventative in intergenerational cycles of risk for mental health problems.

An evaluation of assumptions underlying respondent-driven sampling and the social contexts of sexual and gender minority youth participating in HIV clinical trials in the United States.

IntroductionRespondent‐driven sampling (RDS) has been an effective sampling strategy for HIV research in many settings, but has had limited success among some youth in the United States. We evaluated a modified RDS approach for sampling Black and Latinx sexual and gender minority youth (BLSGMY) and explored how lived experiences and social contexts of BLSGMY youth may impact traditional RDS assumptions.MethodsRDS was implemented in three US cities, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Washington DC, to engage BLSGMY aged 15 to 24 years in HIV prevention or care intervention trials. RDS was modified to include targeted seed recruitment from venues, Internet and health clinics, and provided options for electronic or paper coupons. Qualitative interviews were conducted among a sub‐sample of RDS participants to explore their experiences with RDS. Interviews were coded using RDS assumptions as an analytic framework.ResultsBetween August 2017 and October 2019, 405 participants were enrolled, 1670 coupons were distributed, with 133 returned, yielding a 0.079 return rate. The maximum recruitment depth was four waves among seeds that propagated. Self‐reported median network size was 5 (IQR 2 to 10) and reduced to 3 (IQR 1 to 5) when asked how many peers were seen in the past 30 days. Qualitative interviews (n = 27) revealed that small social networks, peer trust and targeted referral of peers with certain characteristics challenged network, random recruitment, and reciprocity assumptions of RDS. HIV stigma and research hesitancy were barriers to participation and peer referral. Other situational factors, such as phone ownership and access to reliable transportation, reportedly created challenges for referred peers to participate in research.ConclusionsSmall social networks and varying relationships with peers among BLSGMY challenge assumptions that underlie traditional RDS. Modified RDS approaches, including those that incorporate social media, may support recruitment for community‐based research but may challenge assumptions of reciprocal relationships. Research hesitancy and situational barriers are relevant and must be addressed across any sampling method and study design that includes BLSGMY in the United States.

Influence of Psychological Factors on Multicultural Acceptance among College Students in South Korea

There is an increasing acceptance of multiculturalism in modern societies that are transitioning to multicultural societies. This study aims to identify psychosocial factors influencing the multicultural acceptance of students. Data of 1,220 students from the 7th year of the Korea Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) conducted by the Korea Youth Policy Institute (KYPI) was analysed. The SPSS 23 was used for data analysis, and multiple regression analysis was performed. Community spirit, ego-resilience, peer trust, economic status, and peer alienation influenced the college students’ multicultural acceptance. The author suggests that the government can introduce suitable programmes to strengthen multicultural acceptance among school and college students. DOI: 10.32444/IJSW.2021.82.1.69-80 Author: Soo-Koung Jun is Professor, College of General Education, Namseoul University, Chungum, South Korea.

APIM모형을 활용한 생활체육 동호인 복식선수들의 동료신뢰와 인지된 경기력의 관계

Purpose: To verify the APIM (Actor and Partner Interdependence Model) in the relationship between the Partner Trust and perceived performance of athletes who participate in life sports, a study is conducted by collecting data from 231 couples (462).<BR> Method: For the collected data, frequency analysis to grasp the general characteristics of the research subjects, confirmatory factor analysis for item analysis and validation of research tools, correlation analysis and structural model analysis to explore causal effects between variables were performed.<BR> Results: The summary of the data analysis results is as follows. First, as a result of correlation analysis using the item sum score between the sub-factors of the variable, in the correlation matrix, both the team leader and the team member showed a positive correlation with perceived performance in the sub-factors of peer trust. Second, as a result of APIM verification regarding the influence of Partner Trust on the perceived performance sub-factor game satisfaction, it was found that both the team leader and team member of the fellow hobbyists had significant self-effects. However, the team leader"s counterpart effect was not found to be significant, and the team member"s counterpart effect was found to be significant. Third, regarding the influence of Partner Trust on confidence, the sub-factor of perceived performance, as a result of APIM verification, the Partner Trust of team members was found to be significant in self-effect, and the counterparty effect of peer trust was found to be significant for both the team leader and team members. <BR> Conclusion: The results of this study will serve as an opportunity to provide basic data to promote perceived performance improvement. Based on this, various studies using couple data or partner data in the sports field are continuously conducted to provide useful information to participants and stakeholders. I look forward to doing it.

Effects of Organizational Culture on Gyeongsangnam-do Fire Department Officials’ Organizational Performance

This study aimed to determine the effect of Gyeongsangnam-do fire department officilas’ organizational culture on organizational performance, including job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and to verify the mediated effect of organizational culture and organizational performance through the parameters of trust. According to an online survey of fire service workers, paramedics, and rescue workers from 18 locations in the Gyeongsangnam-do Fire Department, only the clan culture had a significant effect on job satisfaction, and functioned as a mediator between organizational and peer trust, showing mediation effects. Furthermore, we confirmed that only clan culture had a significant influence on organizational commitment, and that it also acted as a mediator in organizational and supervisor trust. Finally, the organizational culture that most positively influenced organizational performance and trust among fire service officials in Gyeongsangnam-do was found to be clan culture. Therefore, a clan culture that is centered on human relationships based on trust, and that is suited to the characteristics of each organization, should be established.

The less you burn, the more we earn: The role of social and political trust on energy-saving behaviour in Europe

This paper sheds light on the importance of considering behavioural aspects when forging energy policies. Trust in both institutions and peers improves pro-social behaviour and, as a consequence, leads to more responsible energy consumption. Data collected from the 8th round of the European Social Survey were used to build three indexes by which to measure political trust, social trust, and energy-saving habits. The empirical analysis confirms that social and political trust positively affect people’s propensity to reduce domestic energy consumption. Furthermore, the results emphasize how the social context positively impacts citizens’ pro-active role in reducing negative externalities. An interesting corollary concerns the effect of political trust on pro-social behaviour: it is stronger in socio-democratic countries, and virtually non-existent in liberal ones. Overall, government policies should not be based solely on a taxation/subside approach, but effort should be made to enhance the citizen-to-citizen and citizen-to-state interplay.