Trends In Tourism Development Research Articles

Africa at the world tourism market in the context of globalization

Tourism is a promising industry in the countries of African continent. It contributes to their economic growth and improves the living conditions of the population. The subject of the study is the tourism market in Africa. The purpose of the article is to show Africa’s place at the world tourism market and to analyze trends of tourist activity in the region in the context of globalization. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were solved: to show factors affecting tourism activities in Africa, to analyze main parameters and trends of international tourism development in the region and its subregions in comparison with the world, to identify the impact of tourism on the economy of African countries. The following methods were used: comparative; historical – to identify trends in development of international tourism in Africa, statistical – to study the interdependence between quantitative indicators of tourism development in African countries; analysis and synthesis – to identify the relationship of processes occurring in tourism markets, systematic approach – to reveal the features of international tourism development in the context of globalization. The following results were obtained: periods of decline and growth of tourism activity in the continent as a whole, its macroregions and individual countries were identified; main areas of tourism and travel, main problems of tourism development were identified; connection between GDP and tourism development indicators in African countries was calculated; impact of COVID-19 on tourism business development in Africa was shown. Conclusions: international tourism is actively developing in Africa, making a significant contribution to GDP and employment. However, level of tourism development depends on a number of internal and external factors and lags behind the world average and other tourism subregions. There is a need to develop effective tourism policies in each country of the continent and its subregions.

Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on tourism in Ukraine: problems and solutions

The results of Covid-19 pandemic on the tourism in Ukraine are reviewed in the article. Restrictions of state borders crossing dealt the most damage for tourist companies aimed at foreign market, by reducing the outgoing flow of tourists. It is stated that internal tourist market was in crisis state even before the pandemic which was mainly caused by insufficient and outdated infrastructure, tourist market being mostly in shadow, low quality transport, etc. New opportunities that Covid-19 pandemic might open for Ukrainian tourism are highlighted in the article, such as: development of countryside tourism, modernization of available touristic infrastructure within state programs, use of online education, productional and pre-graduate student practice for free advertising of recreational locations. Objective of this article is the complex analysis of Covid-19 pandemic influence on the development of tourism in Ukraine, definition of main dangers and opportunities for tourism industry and formulating strategic priorities for activation of domestic tourism. The article uses common scientific research methods, such as: synthesis analysis; statistical analysis and comparison while exploring trends of tourism development in Ukraine during Covid-19 pandemic; generalization - while developing recommendations for inner tourism and infrastructure activation. Four priority targets of tourism development in Ukraine have been proposed: 1) development of hospitality infrastructure in seashore and Carpathian region by using state investment, discount loans provided by state banks within "Build your own" program for small business, development of state-private partnership; 2) development of countryside tourism by crowdfunding and state-private partnership; 3) restoration of historical and architectural sights by state programs like "Great Construction"; 4) use of online education and student practice for free advertising of touristic locations.

Види туризму за метою поїздки: сучасний стан і тенденції розвитку в Україні

The tourism market in Ukraine is facing a significant imbalance in the distribution of tourist flows in different regions, due to different climatic conditions, traditions and customs, the presence of historical, cultural and architectural monuments, different priorities in the regional strategic economic development. All this determines the differentiation of the developing tourist activities by the reason and purpose of a tourist’s journey. The topic being high on the agenda, the article examines the current state and trends in the development of tourism types in Ukraine by the purpose of a tourist’s journey. In particular, grounding on the statistics of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the author has assessed the dynamics of distributing tourists served by tour operators, travel agents who are legal entities, and travel agents who are individual entrepreneurs, by purpose of a tourist’s journey and by tourism types for the period 2011-2020. Taking research by domestic and foreign scientists on the tourism issue, the theoretical approaches are highlighted to classifying types of tourism and interpreting such types as business, educational, health, and sports tourism. Having analyzed the peculiarities of the tourism sector development in Ukraine in 2011–2020 as for the tourism types identified by the purpose of a tourist’s journey, the author has come to conclusion that most tourists prefer journeys organized for leisure and recreation. Regional distribution of tourists served by tour operators and travel agents who traveled for leisure and recreation during 2019-2020 is analyzed, and the regions of Ukraine that are characterized by the highest percentage of tourists traveling for leisure and recreation are identified. A study of the tourism development trends in view of tourism types by the purpose of a tourist’s journey will help to identify priority areas, strengths and weaknesses of the tourism market, problems, threats, and barriers to tourism development, as well as potential opportunities that will effectively position Ukraine in the tourism market.

СТАТИСТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ СУЧАСНИХ ТЕНДЕНЦІЙ РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИЗМУ ВИШЕГРАДСЬКОЇ ЧЕТВІРКИ

The paper presents the research results of tourism state and patterns development in the Visegrad Group. The regional grouping of Central and Eastern Europe, the Visegrad Group, has become a separate subsystem of the European Union, which has received economic, logistical, cultural and political content. These processes are important for Ukraine. The experience of the Visegrad Group, the ability to quickly solve current issues and face the challenges, understanding the real hierarchy of priorities while preserving the national identity of the Visegrad Group (VG) are significant for Ukraine. Tourism is an area that can positively influence both the development of the integrated structure as a whole and the socio-economic development of its member countries. The article carries out a comparative analysis of tourism development trends in the Visegrad Group countries, Europe and the world, as well as develops recommendations for assessing the cooperation prospects between Ukraine and the VG using econometric methods. To achieve the goal of the study, a comparative analysis of global, European and Visegrad trends in tourism was developed, arrivals of international tourists on the amount of income from international tourism by conducting a correlation-regression analysis, substantiated and developed applied aspects for forecasting the potential mutual benefit from cooperation between Ukraine and the VG. According to the World Trade Organization, the forecast of the number of international tourists in the world for 2020-2021 was made. Based on the impact assessment of the number of international tourist arrivals on the amount of income from international tourism, a linear regression model was built, the adequacy and reliability of the regression coefficient was confirmed by Fisher's and Student's estimates. During the analysis (from a priori analysis, proving the quantitative and qualitative homogeneity of the two sets, to the construction, evaluation and analysis of the obtained model) a regression model was built, which can be recommended to be used in the impact analysis of tourist arrivals on international tourism. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of international tourist arrivals and revenues from international tourism in Poland and Ukraine was done. As a result of Poland's experience research, a model of revenues from international tourism is recommended, the factors of which are gross investment (% of GDP) and the number of tourist arrivals.

Развитие туризма в условиях пандемии: новые тренды и антикризисные меры

The main trends in tourism development, which have emerged in the terms of the coronavirus pan-demic, are analyzed in the paper. The anti-crisis measures to support the industry in the difficult period and experience of countering the spread of COVID-19 were considered by the case of Russia, Kazakhstan, China and Mongolia. These countries are characterized by integration cooperation on the implementation of international tourist routes. It was revealed that these countries have taken tough measures to limit the international tourism devel-opment. The main strategy of these countries is to rely on their internal recreational opportunities. The borders opening and the international tourism re-covery will be slow and uneven. The need to update the integration processes in the field of tourism is substantiated not only on the principles of mutual benefit and joint development, but also of mutual responsibility and preparedness for crises and their management. The research results can be used in the preparation or correction of conceptual, strate-gic and program documents for the tourism devel-opment both at the national and regional levels, especially in the post-COVID period.

Factors Affecting Sustainable Tourism Development in Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Vietnam

Sustainable development – including tourism development – is the general trend of all economies. With the orientation to build and develop the tourism industry into a key economic sector and become a tourist center of the Southeast region, Vietnam, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province is demanding a proper, rational, development policy, while ensuring the development and exploitation of immediate natural advantages, and ensuring long-term sustainable development. The objective of this study is to examine the factors and their trends in sustainable tourism development in Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province, Vietnam. Methods used include descriptive statistical analysis, exploratory factor analysis and regression analysis. Data was collected from the results of a survey of 550 domestic and foreign tourists visiting Ba Ria-Vung Tau. With the help of SPSS statistical software, 12 groups of factors affecting sustainable development were identified including: economy, society, environment, humanistic tourism resources, natural tourism resources, tourism human resources, tourism products and service, tourism quality, infrastructure, technical facilities, governmental management and group of criteria to evaluate sustainable tourism development. The research results show that there are four groups of factors that significantly affect sustainable tourism development in Ba Ria-Vung Tau. These are groups of factors: Society, Environment, Tourism products and service, and Technical facilities.

CONDITIONS FOR ACHIEVING EFFECTIVE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN IRAQ

Current trends in tourism development in Iraq have been considered. Based on the existing problems in the country, a set of measures aimed at developing the tourism industry in Iraq have been proposed, which include: 1) merging strategies for the development of domestic and entry tourism; 2) investing in tourist potential facilities; 3) tourism marketing not only in the major cities of Iraq, but also in the surrounding areas; 4) a system of six necessary steps for the development of tourism, including: acceptance of the tourism industry as a productive sector, presentation of a real picture of tourism in Iraq, coordination of work on tourism with work on environmental conservation, restructuring of the government staff, legislative reforms, setting deadlines for the implementation of strategies. It has been shown that such measures can be applied to the development of various types of tourism, in particular, recreational and religious tourism, which are the most common.

Different urban settings affect multi-dimensional tourist-resident interactions

City centre areas of many tourism destinations are increasingly overcrowding but two tourism development trends are to some extent counterbalancing the crowding phenomenon. Firstly, the decentralisation of tourists aiming to avoid large crowds and product standardisation and, therefore, visiting sites away from the city centre, including suburban areas. Secondly, the rise of ‘new urban tourism’ which means that tourists seek to experience authentic city life in local neighbourhoods. However, systematic examination and comparison of the frequency, intensity and quality of tourist-resident interactions in different urban settings is lacking. This paper does so for tourist-resident interactions in Central (as city centre area), Sha Tin (as suburban area) and Mong Kok (as new urban tourism area) in Hong Kong. The results from the tourist perspective are mostly in line with expectations, only co-presence appeared not to take place relatively less in Sha Tin and focussed interaction not relatively more in Mong Kok. From the perspective of residents, as expected, Sha Tin stands out as a place with less co-presence and less focussed interaction with tourists, and a higher quality of interaction. However, the expectation that Mong Kok as a new urban tourism area would involve both more co-presence and focussed interaction and a lower quality of interaction is not substantiated through our study. Overall, tourists experience a higher quality of interactions than residents, but the asymmetry is smaller in the suburban setting.

MODERN DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL TOURISM MARKET

The article offers insights into the modern trends that shape a vector of world tourism services as well as provides an analysis of statistical profitability indicators of the global tourism market and quantitative indicators of tourist flows. It has been verified that quantitative indicators of tourist flows geography are directly dependent on the level of socioeconomic development of countries and regions which translates into their inequality. A survey on the dynamics of international tourist arrivals has allowed to identify the top global tourism leaders with a particular emphasis on the countries that are leaders in the area of business and entertainment tourism. Tourism has proved to be a profitable sector of the economy boosting investment, entrepreneurial and innovative activities of all tourism entities. The study findings have revealed that tourism is a catalyst for economic, social and cultural change as well as it has positive effects on society development worldwide. Apart from the above, statistical data have been investigated demonstrating that the tourism market contributes towards creating new jobs and additional capital injections from tourist flows. Evidence has been provided that the key trend in global tourism development is the creation of partnerships which further form transnational business structures that build their commercial activities based on franchise agreements. It is argued that globalization processes is a powerful driver enhancing the tourism market development. The study also offers an overview of the specific features of tourism industry development in Ukraine which prove to have promising development prospects within the frameworks of partnerships with foreign companies as well as in the format of independent entrepreneurship activities.

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИЗМУ В УКРАЇНІ

The paper analyzes the current state and trends of tourism development in Ukraine.Changes in the regulation of tourism activity in Ukraine have been evaluated. The purpose ofthe study is to analyze the current state and trends of tourism development in Ukraine.Informative-analytical methods, comparison methods, etc. were used in the scientificresearch. An analysis of the current regulatory documents concerning tourism sector, as wellas those changes in Ukraine (political, economic, social nature, etc.) that have influenced andshould affect the state of development of organizational and regulatory acts, the order ofeconomic activity in the tourist services market, tax issues, etc.It was proved that the relevance of the research of current trends in the market oftourist services is conditioned by the lack of appropriate normative legal acts that wouldclearly regulate the processes that are to take place and take place in this field.This article summarizes the arguments regarding the importance of state regulation inthe tourism sector, as a segment of the economy and the creation of appropriate regulatoryacts that would encourage legal entities and individual-entrepreneurs to provide services totourists in the legal field.It is proved that in Ukraine it is important to create appropriate conditions for clearand unambiguous regulation of economic levers in the sphere of tourism; to develop"transparent" rules of the game in the tourist services market, which would lead to openness,clarity of settlements between consumers and service providers. It is concluded that inUkraine the state regulation of the whole industry is necessary, concerning the issues ofregulatory and legal support of activity in the sphere of tourism, issues of infrastructure,personnel, finances, level of service in particular.The article systematizes the current requirements for the tourism industry in Ukraineand generalizes the arguments about the need to improve the status of tourist operators andagents. The results of the conducted research can be useful for tourism workers, scientists,teachers, students of higher educational establishments who master the specialties«Tourism», «Hotel and restaurant business».

TOURISM AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: INNOVATIVE ASPECT

The article describes the role of intercultural communication in tourism, identifies global trends in tourism development, analyzes intercultural communication in general, in conceptual content. It is established that the professional and applied component of intercultural communication in tourism is the conceptual basis of tourism activity. It creates the preconditions for the interaction of representatives of different cultures on the initial stage and in the subsequent planning, organization and implementation of joint professional activities in tourism. The article examines the role and place of intercultural dialogue on factual material, analyzes the factors, components and competences, intercultural dialogue, determines the influence of education, language, cultural institutions on the development of the phenomenon under study.The purpose of the study is to discover the aspects of intercultural communication and its points of contact with tourism and hospitality.This paper attempts to expand the understanding of the sustainable-responsible tourism discourse emphasizing advances in scientific and practical knowledge which fits the theoretical and practical nature of the present research. Being based on ongoing research and academic thinking on sustainable and responsible tourism development, this research engages academic knowledge and action research approach. It means that this methodology focuses on the critical thinking from both sides (academic and practical), whether through academic papers or work experience with the tourism industry in designing sustainable tourism development strategies towards intercultural communication and monitoring the implementation process.

Innovative trends in the tourism industry in the People's Republic of China

The People's Republic of China as a tourist destination and country - a donor of tourist flows is playing an increasingly important role in the world tourism markets, China is showing a strong growth of international and domestic tourism, in particular, in 2019 the number of international tourist trips to China amounted to 67.6 million, and revenues amounted to $ 35.4 billion USA. The article investigates the prerequisites and factors for the intensive growth of the tourism sphere of the People's Republic of China, analyzes the main indicators of international and domestic tourism development and consumer trends in the tourist services market of China. The modern innovative directions of development of the tourist industry are analyzed, including recreational, cognitive, ecological and entertaining tourism, the development of which is based on a remarkable historical and cultural heritage (in particular, 55 sites have been included in the UNESCO World Heritage List), the active formation of tourist - recreational centers tropical provinces of the People's Republic of China, establishing a network of National Nature Parks and Geoparks based on unique landscapes and natural phenomena. Successful experience in forming new tourist centers in China, in particular, the Hainan Free Economic Zone, is described. During 2010 - 2019, the International Tourism Island Construction and Development Program in Hainan Province was implemented and hotel complexes, tourist facilities and entertainment facilities, modern communal and transport infrastructure at the international standards level were constructed. The prospects of bilateral cooperation between Ukraine and China in tourism are also outlined. The attractiveness of the Chinese market to Ukraine is driven by favorable factors that underpin mutual economic benefits, interest in the history and culture of our peoples and over 27 years of stable foreign policy relations. At the same time, the number of international arrivals from the People's Republic of China amounted to only 29.5 thousand people, according to China received 23.1 thousand Ukrainians, but the growth rate over the past 5 years shows an annual increase of almost 100%. Active development of bilateral economic and cultural ties, tourist exchanges will be provided subject to visa facilitation between our countries, improvement of passenger transport and targeted policies for attracting Chinese tourists to Ukraine.

Current situation and prospects of the tourist market development of Ukraine

The travel industry is a complex system with diverse economic links. It brings together a large number of industries whose function is to meet the growing demand for tourism products and services. Moreover, world trends in tourism development indicate that its role is growing both locally and globally. To confirm, if we look at individual indicators using the analytical method, according to the International Tourism Organization, the share of tourism in world GDP is about 9% and about 30% in world exports of services and 6% of world trade. The tourism industry employs more than 235 million people or every 12-th worker. If in 2015 about 983 million foreign tourists used the services of the tourist industry, in 2017 their number reached 1 billion. World Tourism Turnover by the end of 2018 reached over $ 1.2 trillion. USA (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/). It is estimated that Western Europe and the United States receive the highest profits from tourism. Taking a closer look at the characteristics of these indicators, it should be noted that during the period 2014-2018, the share of direct revenues from tourism activity in the structure of GDP production increased slightly from 1.42% to 1.44% respectively over the years. At the same time, in recent years, the total contribution of tourism to the GDP of the country has significantly increased, more than twice or by 97.6 billion, indicating that the tourism industry is gaining importance for the development of the economy and social sphere of Ukraine. By region, the largest number of tourism enterprises is located in Kyiv, Odesa, Lviv and Dnipropetrovsk regions; the smallest number is in Luhansk, Kherson and Zhytomyr regions (Ukraine). Most European countries have a good tourist image, a long tradition of quality tourism services, making extensive use of marketing tools to promote tourism services. Being located in the center of Europe and possessing the potential of tourist attraction, Ukraine has every opportunity to become its tourist center. However, in the current context, our country holds a small share of the world and European inbound tourism market, mainly serving as a tourist supplier to these markets, which means an outflow of funds from the country. Among the problems of development of the sphere of tourist services are following: 1) the political situation in the country; 2) poor information promotion; 3) inconsistency of the quality characteristics of the provision of tourist services; 4) inconsistency of legal regulation; 5) lack of a consistent state policy in the field of tourism; 6) poor quality of transport in the country; 7) domestic tourism. To continue the transformation, the Tourism and Resort Development Strategy for the period up to 2026 was approved. In the long term, the economic effect of the strategic goals of tourism market development will be reflected in the increase of tax revenues from all levels of tourism activity, increase of tourist flows, especially of foreign citizens, attraction of foreign investments in development of tourism infrastructure, creation of new jobs, increase in the volume of tourist services provided. As a consequence, creating systemic and complex transformations in the tourist services market will help accelerate the country's economic growth.

Tourist brand of Vinnytsia region: realities and prospects

Introduction. The article explores the tourist resources of Vinnytsia region. The conditions of holding various festivals, excursions and projects are regarded, namely: the International Opera Festival OPERAFEST TULCHYN; the creative space “Merydian Shchedryk” in Tulchyn; the author’s educational project “Excursions for the soul” of Ksenia Churakina, manager of the tourist agency “Viatur Vinnytsia”; the brand-platform “Tourist Vinnytsia”. The advantages of setting an innovative cluster model for the development of regions based on the synergistic effect and the brand image of tourist destinations are analyzed. The purpose of the paper is to study innovative trends in tourism development, the advantages of setting an innovative cluster model for the development of regions on the basis of synergetic effect and the brand image of destinations in the realities of modern Ukraine. Scientific works, materials of periodicals, Internet resources are the methodological and informational basis of the work. Results. The ancient palace and park complexes reflecting different eras make an important part of the historical and cultural heritage of Podillia region. Podillia palaces have always been the focus of the most valuable art collections, a kind of cultural centers. The studies of foreign and domestic scientists-economists show that the effective development of the tourism business is possible providing the functioning of integrated structures. The external growth strategies (horizontal integration, vertical integration, concentric and conglomerate diversification) are implemented through organizational change, which is reflected in various forms of mergers, acquisitions and agreements. The idea of cooperation at the local level can become an important argument that will help to create a tourism cluster. Conclusion. Therefore, the competitiveness of enterprises and organizations increases, as well as the synergistic effect arises precisely through the cooperation of public authorities, scientific and research institutions, tourist agencies, hotel and restaurant complexes, tourist and information centers, transport companies and banking institutions.

Modern trends of tourism development in Ukraine

The article analyzes current trends in tourism development in Ukraine and its place at the global and European tourism market. The location of Ukraine within the European tourist macro-region is characterized. The contribution of tourism to the country’s economy is determined; the dynamics of direct and total contribution of tourism to GDP and employment are analyzed. It is shown that Ukraine has a rich tourist potential, but it is not fully claimed. The modern and forecasted main economic indicators of tourism development are characterized in comparison with the average numbers for the world and Europe. The changes in Ukraine’s place in the TTCI rating for 2013, 2017 and 2019 are considered, the reasons for the positive changes in the rating between the latest reports are determined. The dynamics of inbound and outbound tourism in 2000–2017 is analyzed, its main determining reasons are considered. The article characterizes the structural changes in goals and geography of tourist arrivals and departures. The author examines dynamics of the activities of tour operators and travel agencies. The concentration coefficients of tourist arrivals, income from tourism and the population are calculated, which indicate the extremely uneven development of tourism in the regions of Ukraine. Based on the index presentation of indicators of tourism entities development and the calculation of the integral index, 4 groups of regions were identified that confirms the absolute leadership of the capital region in the provision of tourism services. The main factors which further trends in tourism activity will depend on are determined.

ГАСТРОНОМІЧНИЙ ТУРИЗМ ЯК ЗАСІБ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ДЕСТИНАЦІЙ

Trends in tourism development of the XXI century suggest that one of the promising areas related to the acquaintance with the production, cooking technology and tasting of national dishes and drinks is gastronomic tourism. The concept of forming a tourist product in the form of a gastronomic or culinary tour combines economic, social and cultural values of the territory, covers the climate, traditional agriculture and crafts, art, national customs, traditions and life. That is, gastronomic tourism fully contributes to the development of the tourism sector and is a means of activating the tourist destination. The article deals with the directions of gastronomic tourism development as a means of activating tourist destinations and supporting national producers through the integration of gastronomic tourism into local event resources. The relevance of these issues is determined by the lack of a holistic understanding of the concept of gastronomic tourism, the imperfection of existing recommendations and conclusions on its formation. The purpose of the article is to study the features of gastronomic tourism as a means of enhancing the development of tourism. The article determines that the basis of gastronomic tourism is the features of regional cuisine and culinary traditions of the tourist destination. The scientific novelty of the research results is the deepening of theoretical approaches to the study of gastronomic tourism - a new direction of cultural and cognitive tourism, which is relevant to combine with eco-tourism, tourism in protected areas, rural green tourism. After all, the latter have a large stock of cultural, culinary, authentic traditions that should be revived and developed. Gastronomic tours will form a new vision of tourism in the context of destination development. The article notes that from the point of view of organizing tourist activities, gastronomic tourism includes not only acquaintance with local cuisines of the region, original technologies of local food organization, culinary processes and food traditions, acquaintance with local products, but also the opportunity for tourists to participate in cooking. national dishes, visiting culinary festivals, various types of tastings and competitions. Key words: gastronomic tourism, culinary tour, gastronomic tour, regional cuisine, local product, authenticity, environmental friendliness, event resources

Глобальні тенденції розвитку міжнародного туризму в структурі світового ринку послуг

Глобальні тенденції розвитку міжнародного туризму в структурі світового ринку послуг

The influence of trends for international tourism development on the functioning of domestic tourism industry

Analysis of domestic tourism market shows that Ukraine has objective preconditions for intensive tourism industry development. However, current stage of market transformations requires that domestic tourism industry management searches for non-traditional approaches and new views reflecting international trend of this industry management, including improvement of the methods of tourism activity management, development of economic policy for various categories of tourism activity management, defining of their activity goals and development strategies for the closets and long-term perspective and assessment of perspectives of available resources capacity. The paper aims to explain the use of modern international experience in tourism industry management in organization and economic mechanism at state and regional levels of tourism management in Ukraine as well as to define their role in solution of socio-economic and cultural problems in conditions of economy transformation. The received information will help the central and local tourism management authorities to make optimal strategic decisions and define the best methods of tourism development in Ukraine. The article examines both positive and negative tendencies of development of international tourism, gives a number of advantages of foreign management experience, which can be borrowed by the domestic tourism industry to increase the level of tourism development in Ukraine. The specifics of the mechanisms of regulation and management of the tourism industry are analyzed. Modern tourism plays one of the leading roles in the global economy. World experience reveals the main trends of tourism development and the role of the state in the organizational aspect of the tourism industry. Tourism has become massive, democratic, designed for different interests, tastes, incomes, for the most different contingent. Today, tourism has become virtually independent interdisciplinary economy industry. It plays a very important role in the economy of many states.

МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ РЕКРЕАЦІЙНОГО ЗОНУВАННЯ І МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЙОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ В АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНІ

Aim: The main aim of the article to analyze the principles and methodology of recreational zoning, the related theories, as well as the factors, which must be successively considered in this process. The methodological basis of the article is the theoretical provisions set forth in the works of Azerbaijani and foreign scholars in defining theoretical and methodological peculiarities of the state programs, international experience in the organization of Recreation Zones. Results: The carried work also demonstrates the feasibility of the conduction of recreational zoning in Azerbaijan, with distinguishing sub-regions within the boundaries of touristic-recreational region of Gusar. The tourism- recreation zone of Gusar specifically predicts the main directions of development of the microdistrict by type of tourism. In accordance to the selection of areas for the Gusar tourism-recreation zone are taken into account the potential for the development of various types of tourism, as well as the suitability for the joint organization of many services. From this point of view, in the formation of recreational tourism zones graphic of dependence is considered the basis for the development of areas. The article shows that the advantages of applying this dependence graphic is suitable for the Gusar recreation and tourism zone. At the same time, the separation of Chilagir-Urva-Khuray, Anig-Laza, Hazra-Sudur micro-recreation regions in the Gusar recreation-tourism zone is due to the existence of similar natural-geographical conditions and conditions for the organization of different types of tourism. The structure of employment is dominated by agriculture and, in part, by tourism. Potato-growing and livestock are the main agricultural sectors. Scientific novelty: The practical significance of the article is the selection of areas suitable for tourism development in the Gusar Tourism and Recreation Zone, and the forecasting of tourism development trends, taking into account the ecological balance.

Dynamic Performance Assessment System For Green Tourism Supply Chain

As a form of sustainable tourism development, green tourism is a means of environmental protection and a trend of tourism development. Evolutionary game theory is applied to examine the generation of green behaviors by tourism enterprises during the development of a green tourism supply chain. Model deduction and simulation data analysis show that most tourism enterprises do have an incentive towards green development and the formation of the green tourism supply chain is a dynamic evolution process. To better understand the gaps in the process that all the stakeholders need to fill, the approach of balanced scorecard (BSC) combined with expert interviews is applied to design a periodical performance assessment system for evaluating the performance of the green tourism supply chain. Evaluation results will help to facilitate all participants to implement green practices for smooth transformation of a traditional supply chain into a green one.