Era Of Transition Research Articles

Preparing for the Best: Adapting Collection Assessment for an Era of Transition

Preparing for the Best: Adapting Collection Assessment for an Era of Transition

Факторы усложнения структуры драматического героя («На всякого мудреца довольно простоты» А. Н. Островского)

The article argues that the historical factor of complicating the structure of the dramatic character is dominant. During the work on the comedy “Enough Stupidity in Every Wise Man,” N. A. Ostrovskii comprehended the new hero of post-reform Russia in the 1860s in the context of the opposition of the general (folk) and the personal in the transitional eras of Russian history. The literary factor in understanding a new hero relies on the experience of “eternal” images, such as Chatsky and Molchalin. According to the author of the article, their combination in the image of Glumov led to the creation of a holistic and original character with an expanded range of properties, including opposite ones. The author of the article concludes that the search for internal connections and attempts to identify transition situations between them determined the stages of the playwright’s work on the comedy from the first draft notes to the final text. For the first time, the article identifies new pretexts in the historical and literary context of the comedy of 1868 (at different stages of its writing).

Saint Poetry and Contemporary Social Awareness

In today's Indian society, hysteria, hatred, malice and communal prejudices and narrow-mindedness are prevalent due to people doing vote politics in the name of religion and caste. At such times, it becomes necessary to remember the saints and the supreme leader of saints, Kabir. The time when Kabir appeared was an era of transition and upheaval.

Strengthening the EU’s defence cooperation

In an expeditiously changing world, security challenges have become more intricate, multifaceted and complex. The 21st century is an epoch of strategic competition and multisided relations. The influence and rate of occurrence of hybrid security threats are constantly rising and deepening. World is in era of transition, characterized by creating new dynamics by emerging players along with significant shift of geopolitical and economic power, and currently, global attention is drawn to the Russian aggression against Ukraine, which is the consequent catalyst for the EU states, obligating them to take more responsibility and improve security and defence. Russia does not use force only to dominate on Ukraine, but this war aims to reverse and strike down western dominance - it is a big threat-economically, militarily, and politically. In an international competition, other powers are challenging the European countries’ ability to protect their interests and values that was the motivation for the idea of collective security building called "strategic sovereignty". For this reason, both defence and security fields are essentially important for the European Union. The EU leaders have long been trying to improve common defence policy - the European Union External Action Service in 2011, and later in 2016, the EU Commission president Jean-Claude Juncker called for a common defence fund, a “European headquarters.“ In March 2022, the EU council approved the Strategic Compass. The Compass gives the European Union an ambitious plan of action for strengthening the EU's security and defence policy by 2030 (EU, 2022. French President Emmanuel Macron urged Europe to invest in its own collective security framework in the face of Russian military moves on the bloc’s doorstep - "Europe needs to finally build its own collective security framework on our continent." We argue about the prospects of collective security and the fact that it may now be time for the EU member States to take the necessary decisions.

Turbocompound energy recovery option on a turbocharged diesel engine

The transportation sector is living a transition era in which hybrid and electrified vehicles are replacing conventional vehicles, based on internal combustion engines. This is pushed by the recognized need for reducing fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions, considering primary pollutants and carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas. In the transition path, hybridization and partial electrification of the powertrain play a crucial role. In this regard, the need for on-board electrical energy storage and utilization is increasing significantly and the possibility to recover wasted energy and convert it into electrical form is mandatory. This is especially true for commercial and heavy-duty vehicles, where full electrification is more difficult to be implemented. Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) has therefore become so important for vehicles, not only to directly reduce fuel consumption and related emissions but also to improve the feasibility of a generation of vehicles with a higher degree of hybridization that considers, for example, the electrification of auxiliaries following the so-called auxiliaries-on-demand management. Wasted heat refers mainly to exhaust heat from gases, where about one third of the fuel energy is disposed of. Among the various systems for WHR, engine turbo-compounding is approaching a mature technology. This technological option makes use of an additional turbine on the exhaust line of the engine, downstream of the turbocharging one, which converts the residual gas enthalpy into mechanical form. In this paper, the F1C Iveco 3.0 L turbocharged diesel engine is considered for verifying the performances of a turbo-compounding system. The engine was mounted on a dynamic engine test bench. In particular, the interactions with the original engine produced on the exhaust line were studied. Backpressure effects on the engine introduced by turbo-compounding were evaluated reversed in terms of extra fuel consumption. Moreover, the new equilibrium of the turbocharger was assessed and the related modifications to the engine were measured considering that the turbocharger has a control strategy based on the so-called Variable Geometry Turbine (VGT), via the modification of the Inlet Guide Vanes (IGV). The presence of a secondary turbine for WHR opens to a wider possibility of actuating the IGV and, so, the possibility to optimize the recovery considering the integrated system and all its degrees of freedom.

Nutrition transition era: how does nutritional balance of West Sumatra fishermen’s families perform?

The purpose of this study is to observe the nutritional balance of fisherman's families in the Mandeh area of West Sumatra, Indonesia, in terms of food diversity, a clean and healthy lifestyle, physical activity, and nutritional status during the nutritional transition period. The sample size was 119 fishermen's families from the Mandeh area who were chosen randomly. An interview method that included a questionnaire and anthropometric measurements was used as the data collection technique. The interaction trend of nutritional status with food diversity, a clean and healthy lifestyle, and physical activity was seen by Chi-square analysis. The results found a significant relationship between physical activity and the nutritional status of fishermen's families, with a p-value of 0.020. Meanwhile, there was no correlation between food diversity, a clean and healthy lifestyle, and nutritional status (p>0.05). Additionally, nutritional problems, particularly obesity and malnutrition cases in fishermen's families in the Mandeh area of West Sumatera during the nutritional transition period, require attention; for instance, increasing prevention strategies to maintain nutritional balance.

전환시대, 미래교육의 방향 탐색: OECD2030과 유네스코2050 보고서 분석을 중심으로

This study aimed to explore the direction of future education. To this end, the direction of future education was explored, focusing on the analysis of OECD 2030 and UNESCO 2050 reports that envision the future of education. The research topic was the characteristics of the transition era and how education should be transformed accordingly. The research contents to explore this were compared and analyzed focusing on the educational purpose, vision for future education initiatives, and the emphasis of the curriculum to realize it among the two reports. The research method was literature analysis, which analyzes the future education report (primary data) and related data (secondary data). Two contents were analyzed in three criteria: educational goals directly related to the direction of future education, and the emphasis of the core vision (key words) curriculum for planning future education. The results of the study were as follows. First, it is assumed that changes in the transition era are now limited to the prosperity and growth of isolated individuals. Both reports would share this perception and explore beyond the success and prosperity of individual subjects in human and global understanding based on inter-relationships. Second, the OECD2030 concept of agency was complemented by the concept of co-agency, but it had limitations of neoliberal subject in that it imposes a lot of burden on individuals. The concept of common goods in UNESCO 2050 suggested the meaning of more active educational publicity by recognizing education as a right of everyone and emphasizing education in which everyone participates. Third, the curriculum of the transition era should emphasize balance and integration between the past and the future.

Digitalization as an aggregate performance in the energy transition for nuclear industry

The emerging technologies at the industrial level have deployed rapidly within the energy transition process innovations. The nuclear industry incorporates several technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Digital Twins, High-Performance-Computing (HPC) and Quantum Computing (QC), among others. Factors identifications are explained to set up a regulatory framework in the digitalization era, providing new capabilities paths for nuclear technologies in the forthcoming years. The Analytical Network Process (ANP) integrates the quantitative-qualitative decision-making analysis to assess the implementation of different aspects in the digital transformation for the New-Energy Transition Era (NETE) with a Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development (NPID).2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sustainable Industrial Parks and their Impact in Ecuador: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Purpose: The objective of this study focused on conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) of Sustainable Industrial Parks (SIPs) and their impact in Ecuador. Theoretical Framework: SIPs are an effective tool for implementing Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development (ISID) and are an instrument to increase impact with efficient use of resources and cleaner production. Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology adhered to three widely accepted steps for a SLR comprising: planning, execution and dissemination of the analysis. The data review period dates from January 1, 2003 to October 31, 2022, using crawlers such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science and Dialnet, considering rigorous methods of inclusion and exclusion. Findings: The results of this study have provided evidence towards the design of a Circular Economy (CE) integration model through Industrial Symbiosis (IS), with agent-based modeling (ABM) adapted to the authenticity of the Ecuadorian industry and to manufacturing with a sustainable mentality. Research, Practical & Social implications: This research through the RSL extracted essential information that highlighted and unified different concepts of SIPs, the congruent point of its functionality and the signs of change that Ecuador shows framed under the concept of CE, beginning to an era of transition extinguished mainly to the current four dimensions of sustainability, focused on economic values, environmental, social and political aspects. Originality/Value: The current study contributes to the literature by showing that industrial development involves pollution and reducing it awakens the use of methodologies aimed at satisfying sustainability needs without involving the capacity of future generations.

Peptides as Therapeutic Agents: Challenges and Opportunities in the Green Transition Era.

Peptides are at the cutting edge of contemporary research for new potent, selective, and safe therapeutical agents. Their rise has reshaped the pharmaceutical landscape, providing solutions to challenges that traditional small molecules often cannot address. A wide variety of natural and modified peptides have been obtained and studied, and many others are advancing in clinical trials, covering multiple therapeutic areas. As the demand for peptide-based therapies grows, so does the need for sustainable and environmentally friendly synthesis methods. Traditional peptide synthesis, while effective, often involves environmentally draining processes, generating significant waste and consuming vast resources. The integration of green chemistry offers sustainable alternatives, prioritizing eco-friendly processes, waste reduction, and energy conservation. This review delves into the transformative potential of applying green chemistry principles to peptide synthesis by discussing relevant examples of the application of such approaches to the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with a peptide structure and how these efforts are critical for an effective green transition era in the pharmaceutical field.

EFL Students’ Challenges In Learning Speaking Skills During Online-to-Offline Transition Era

This research aimed to explore the challenges faced by EFL students’ in learning speaking skills during the online-to-offline transition era, then the difference between the experience of learning speaking skills during online and offline, and also explain the potential solutions that EFL students’ do to overcome the challenges. The site of this research was an English study program at one public university in Jambi. The participants in this study were five fourth-semester students consisting of 3 different classes who have completed speaking lessons in 1-3 semesters. This research employed qualitative study. In collecting the data, the researcher used interviews as a primary instrument. The results of this research indicated that there were two themes of challenges faced by EFL students in speaking English, including lack of vocabulary (academic word issues), and nervousness (communication apprehension). This research also revealed that there were four themes of differences in online and offline learning, including learning process (inattentiveness unmotivated, attentiveness and motivated), classroom activities (non-interactive and interactive learning), time management (undisciplined and disciplined learning), and learning outcomes (understanding the material). Last but not least, this research also pointed out that the participants used three strategies or potential solutions to overcome their challenges. Those strategies are metacognitive strategies (preparing vocabulary), cognitive strategies (entertainment platform), and social strategies (asking and practice). Finally, the transition era gives new experiences to students. They do not experience challenges in terms of environment and internet issue as they face during online learning.

Sustainable deployment of autonomous vehicles dedicated lanes in urban traffic networks

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) show promise for increasing roadway safety and capacity. During the AV transition era, which will be characterized by a mixed fleet of AVs and human-driven vehicles (HDVs), it is expected that the allure of these prospective benefits will motivate road agencies to allocate AV-dedicated lanes. This paper proposes a sustainability-driven AV-dedicated lane and pricing policy (SALP) framework that addresses the three pillars of sustainable development—social, environmental, and economic. The framework is formulated as a bi-level problem where the upper-level model yields decisions on the timing, location, and quantity of AV-dedicated lanes and tolling levels to minimize total travel time, emissions, and electricity consumption costs (that is, the economic and environmental pillars). To alleviate potential inequity (the social pillar), two considerations are proposed: revenue neutrality to compensate for the increase in travel costs of travelers and an equity constraint to limit the exacerbation of HDV travel costs. At the lower level, travelers react to the decisions made at the upper level by choosing their vehicle types (AV vs. HDV) and routes. The SALP is solved using Genetic and Frank-Wolfe algorithms. The results of the numerical experiments suggest that the proposed SALP addresses all three pillars, as it yields significant reductions in total travel time, emissions, and electricity costs.

A Quantitative Approach of Measuring Sustainability Risk in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems

The secure and dependable functioning of pipeline infrastructure systems is pivotal for transporting vital energy resources during this transition era towards a more sustainable energy future. This paper presents a novel quantitative approach for assessing sustainability risk in pipeline infrastructure systems and provides insights for holistic sustainability design in pipeline operations. The proposed methodology introduces a comprehensive framework for quantifying sustainability risk by integrating probabilities of failure and cumulative consequences from social, environmental, and economic dimensions that impact pipeline integrity. Real-world pipeline incident data were employed to identify the main causes of pipeline incidents like corrosion failure, equipment malfunction, and excavation damage. The consequences arising from these incidents are categorized to measure the cumulative consequences of sustainability risk. By quantifying sustainability risk, operators of pipeline infrastructure systems can strategically mitigate and manage potential disruptions affecting long-term sustainability incentives. In doing so, the proposed approach significantly bolsters the vital role of pipeline infrastructure systems in fostering sustainable energy transportation, yielding substantial benefits for global communities and economies.

Russian TV Series in the Era of Transition: Genres, Technologies, Identities, edited by Alexander Prokhorov, Elena Prokhorova and Rimgaila Salys

Russian TV Series in the Era of Transition: Genres, Technologies, Identities, edited by Alexander Prokhorov, Elena Prokhorova and Rimgaila Salys

Treatment patterns in stage III non‑small‑cell lung cancer patients: a population‑based study using German cancer registry data.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, mostly due to delayed diagnosis. The objective of this study is to examine the treatment patterns and overall survival (OS) outcomes in a cohort of patients diagnosed with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) over a period of 12years in Germany. This retrospective study is based on German cancer registry data and included 14,606 stage III NSCLC patients diagnosed during 2007-2018. Three time-periods were defined according to the availability of advanced diagnostic and treatment strategies (2007-2010 low availability era (LAE), 2011-2014 transition era (TE), 2015-2018 modern era (ME)). Patients were categorized according to the treatment they received during those eras. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the association between being diagnosed during a certain era and survival. The hazard ratio (HR) estimates were reported along with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The median OS rose from 16months in the LAE to 22months in the ME. The HR for patients diagnosed and treated in the ME was estimated to be [0.78; 95% CI (0.74-0.83)] compared to those diagnosed and treated in LAE. The benefit was most evident for patients treated by radiotherapy and chemotherapy [HR 0.73 95% CI (0.66-0.82)]. This study highlights the importance of diagnostic and treatment advances in improving outcomes for lung cancer patients. Further studies are needed to assess progress in survival rates with current immunotherapy integration.

Competency development of the transition era of nursing student’s road to register Ners as agents of change

The main challenge faced by lecturers and academic staff is to prepare a competitive nursing curriculum that is connected to employment to prepare final year students for the Register of Ners (RN) during the transition period. Study to analyze and evaluate the transition process of late-stage nursing students to gain competencies according to clinical needs through clinical preceptorship. Cross sectional study analysis was used in this study. Sample characteristics include academic staff, 3rd year nursing students and nurse practitioners. The questionnaire consisted of 2 groups, 22 questions for staff and students, 23 questions for nurse practitioners. Test the validity of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with an acceptance limit of 0.72 vs 0.73, (theory vs clinical function). SPPS data analysis is used according to design using descriptive statistics. Academic research is very minimally applied in clinical (85%), lack of knowledge and skills of academic staff (70%), use of conventional methods of ward management (72%), irrelevance of total working hours to nurse workload (82%), advantages and disadvantages of using standard clinical protocols (79%), nursing learning outcomes are not applied in health practice after graduation. The gap between theory and practice will interfere with the development of nursing specificity competencies in the face of the transition period towards Register Ners (RN's) as part of the renewal modality. Various recommended efforts to reduce this gap include through preceptorship training..

THE INDEPENDENT STATE COMMISSION IN INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF ITS INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS

The establishment of the Independent State Commission and other non-structural institutions was one of the alterations in the structure of the Indonesian constitution during the transition era and after the 1945 Constitution was amended. It is not uncommon for these Commissions to face criticism and controversy due to their autonomous authority and independence from the major branches of power. The objective of this research is to examine and describe the primary traits of such an institution in order for it to be recognized as an Independent State Commission by comparing it to the concept and best practices in the United States. As well as to justify the legitimacy of its position within the Indonesian constitutional framework. As a doctrinal legal research, this study uses a conceptual and legal comparative approach to secondary data presented in a descriptive-analytical manner. The findings revealed that the independent State Commission's two key characteristics were its independence from the executive organs and its autonomous-regulatory power. In terms of legal position, the classical trias politica perspectives need be modified as the Independent State Commission is now viewed as a new branch of government under a new separation of powers framework.

Indications for a Franciscan Role in the Philanthropic Activities of the Early Florentine Misericordia

Abstract Scholarship on Saint Francis of Assisi and the Franciscan movement, established in the thirteenth century, surprisingly tends to ignore his response to a central message of the Church: that we must love and care for the needy among our human brethren. Jesus himself said so, nowhere more explicitly than in Matthew, chapter twenty-five. Yet Francis’s writings repeatedly manifest his familiarity with Matthew, including that chapter. Conditions in rapidly urbanizing parts of Europe during the late-medieval period such as Northern and Central Italy rendered Christ’s mandate to “love one another” especially pertinent. Charitable confraternities played a major role in mitigating human suffering during that transitional era, providing various types of assistance community-wide to disadvantaged neighbors. Archival documents confirm that such actions performed by members of the Misericordia Confraternity of Florence followed Christ’s declaration in Matthew 25 setting forth the Corporal Works of Mercy. Inscriptions and pictorial details in the Misericordia’s frescoed Allegory of Mercy of 1342 underscore this point. Other details within that painting signal a Franciscan influence upon, and presence within, the Misericordia Company, reflecting the existence of a robust Franciscan community in Florence comprising not only members of the First and Second Orders—the Friars Minor and Poor Clares, respectively—but also laypersons of the Third Order. Passages in the writings of Saint Francis and his early biographers indicate the importance that works of mercy had for the Poverello, the six named in Matthew and a seventh commonly added to that list. In particular, Francis’s experiences, pronouncements, and efforts in regard to the fourth and sixth works of mercy, clothing the naked and aiding prisoners, exemplify the charitable activities both encouraged by the saint and, almost certainly with his background, words, and deeds in mind, actually implemented by members of the Misericordia Confraternity, as articulated in their inspirational centerpiece, the Allegory of Mercy.

Navigating Upstream Indonesia’s Oil and Gas (O&G) Services Industry Amidst the Cleaner Energy Transition Era with A Scenario Planning Framework

The global movement for a cleaner energy environment has continuously grown and has become unstoppable. It causes the large carbon-producing sectors, such as the Oil and Gas (O&G) industry, to be under intense pressure to immediately reduce their carbon footprint and to immediately produce cleaner energy sources. Therefore, the business players involved, such as the O&G services industry, need to make the urgent decision to reassess its current business strategy. However, to make the right decision, it needs to have a forward-looking scenario of how the industry will evolve in the middle of the cleaner energy transition era. In this situation, scenario planning becomes essential, as it provides a valuable tool to analyze potential future dynamics regarding the dynamics of the O&G landscape, what drives them, and the impacts they may have. In this research, the researcher developed scenario planning based on the interview involving Indonesia's O&G stakeholders, such as the representative of O&G services companies, operators, regulatory bodies (ESDM and SKK Migas), and energy analyst. The result of scenario planning indicates four possible scenarios for Indonesia's O&G industry in the future, resulting from the interplay between Indonesia's Government Regulation, Incentive / Tax Regimes, with Technological Advancement. These scenarios are Laggard in Cleaner Energy Transition, Vanguard in Cleaner Energy Transition, Stagnation in Cleaner Energy Transition, and Revolution in Cleaner Energy Transition. In the end, the author proposed a business strategy that fits each scenario. The proposed strategy focuses on reassessing the investment scheme, core competencies, strategic partnership, business model, and organization cultures and identity. Thus, by implementing this strategy, the O&G Services industry is expected to thrive, regardless of whichever scenario happens in the future.

Laboratory Based Surveillance of HIV-1 Acquired Drug Resistance in Cameroon: Implications for Use of Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Dolutegravir (TLD) as Second- or Third-Line Regimens.

Increased HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) with antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout may jeopardize therapeutic options, especially in this era of transition to fixed-dose tenofovir-lamivudine-dolutegravir (TLD). We studied acquired HIVDR (ADR) patterns and describe potentially active drugs after first- and second-line failure in resource-limited settings (RLS) like Cameroon. A laboratory-based study with 759 patients (≥15 years) experiencing virological failure was carried out at the Chantal Biya International Reference Centre (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon. Socio-demographic, therapeutic and immunovirological data from patient records were analysed according to HIV-1 genotypic profiles. Median (IQR) ART-duration was 63 (50-308) months. Median CD4 and viremia were 153 (IQR:50-308) cells/mm3 and 138,666 (IQR:28,979-533,066) copies/mL, respectively. Overall ADR was high (93.4% first-line; 92.9%-second-line). TDF, potentially active in 35.7% of participants after first-line and 45.1% after second-line, suggested sub-optimal TLD-efficacy in second-line (64.3%) and third-line (54.9%). All PI/r preserved high efficacy after first-line failure while only DRV/r preserved high-level efficacy (87.9%) after second-line failure. In this resource-limited setting (RLS), ADR is high in ART-failing patients. PI/r strategies remain potent backbones for second-line ART, while only DRV/r remains very potent despite second-line failure. Though TLD use would be preferable, blind use for second- and third-line regimens may be sub-optimal (functional monotherapy with dolutegravir) with high risk of further failure, thus suggesting strategies for selective ART switch to TLD in failing patients in RLS.