Transition Metal Nitrides Research Articles

Towards improved stability of transition metal nitrides in aqueous solutions

Transition metal nitrides (TMNs), in some cases referred as metallic ceramics, have unique physical and chemical properties, thanks to their ceramic-metallic nature, and are considered an attractive alternative to noble metals for electrochemical processes. In particular, theoretical work predicts TMNs as promising electrocatalysts towards the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). However, recent experimental studies under realistic conditions, have shown the release of lattice nitride to ammonia in a noncatalytic process, suggesting inherent instability of these materials. TMNs stability can be increased by the incorporation of a second metal in the lattice, to form bimetallic systems. Herein, we present a robust approach to prepare nonprecious transition multi-metallic nitride nano-catalysts, followed by a comprehensive study on their stability. The stability of the as-prepared catalysts was tested in electrolytes relevant for electrocatalysis, showing a higher chemical resistance of the bimetallic catalysts over the monometallic ones. This study suggests a novel approach to matching electrolyte pH and catalyst to ensure chemical stability in the electrochemical environment.

Synthesis of acetonitrile from NH3/syngas mixtures on molybdenum nitride: Insights into the reaction mechanism

Owing to their metallic-like surface electronic properties and their capacity to act as reservoirs and solid transfer agents for active nitrogen, transition metal nitrides are interesting as solid catalysts for C-C and C-N coupling reactions for the bottom-up production of higher (C2+) nitrogenated chemicals from unconventional carbon resources. The catalytically active state and reaction mechanism for the direct synthesis of acetonitrile from syngas/ammonia mixtures are studied on an unsupported Mo catalyst from complementary experimental and computational approaches. Temperature resolved X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy verify that an oxidic MoO3 catalyst precursor undergoes in situ (near-surface) nitridation, upon exposure to reaction conditions at 723 K, rendering Mo2N the actual working catalyst. Density Functional Theory mechanistic investigations on a γ-Mo2N(100) model surface point to a hydrogen-assisted CO dissociation on the nitride surface. Moreover, surface oxygen, evolved from CO dissociation, is predicted to play a central role as hydrogen acceptor, to enable the dehydrogenative NH3 dissociation. Direct condensation of CH and N adspecies proceeds with a low energy barrier of 33 kJ mol−1, which makes C-N coupling preferred over full hydrogenation of CHx species, in agreement with the experimental modest selectivity to methane (ca. 10 %). Both experimental and computational results indicate that HCN is a major intermediate product along the reaction pathway to acetonitrile. No energetically feasible associative reaction pathways could be identified for C-C coupling from HCN. The dissociation of the latter intermediate product is predicted to precede the reaction of CN adspecies to CHx. Similarly to NH3 dissociation, dehydrogenative HCN activation on the Mo2N surface is predicted to be facilitated through hydrogen abstraction by surface oxygen species, yet subjected to a comparatively higher energy barrier (>120 kJ mol−1), therefore likely to control the overall kinetics. These findings suggest that the enhancement of HCN dissociation is a central design objective towards Mo2N-based catalysts with advanced performance.

Colloidal Synthesis of Cu3N Nanorods and Construction of Cu3N-Cu2O Heteronanostructures via Epitaxial Growth.

The synthesis of transition metal nitrides nanocrystals (TMNs NCs) has posed a significant challenge due to the limited reactivity of nitrogen sources at lower temperatures and the scarcity of available synthesis methods. In this study, we present a novel colloidal synthesis strategy for the fabrication of Cu3N nanorods (NRs). It is found that the trace oxygen (O2) plays an important role in the synthesis process. And a new mechanism for the formation of Cu3N is proposed. Subsequently, by employing secondary lateral epitaxial growth, the Cu3N-Cu2O heteronanostructures (HNs) can be prepared. The Cu3N NRs and Cu3N-Cu2O HNs were evaluated as precursor electrocatalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). The Cu3N-Cu2O HNs demonstrate remarkable selectivity and stability with ethylene (C2H4) Faradaic efficiency (FE) up to 55.3%, surpassing that of Cu3N NRs. This study provides innovative insights into the reaction mechanism of colloidal synthesis of TMNs NCs and presents alternative options for designing cost-effective electrocatalysts to achieve carbon neutrality.

Stability and Surface Functionalization of Plasmonic Group 4 Transition Metal Nitrides

Plasmonic transition metal nitrides (TMNs) have emerged as a low‐cost and thermally and chemically robust alternatives to noble metals. While their superior thermal properties have been established, their chemical properties on the nanoscale haven’t been as well studied. Herein, the oxidative stability over time under ambient conditions and colloidal stability as function of pH was explored for plasmonic TiN, ZrN and HfN nanoparticles. It was discovered that the TMN nanoparticles made via solid‐state method had a narrow pH stability range between 2 – 3. Under highly acidic conditions, the particles underwent dissolution and at pH ≥ 4, they aggregate and precipitate from the solution. Additionally, TiN nanoparticles had poor oxidative stability and oxidized to TiO2 after ~40 days. 3‐Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and dimethylsilane coated TMNs were synthesized to yield water and organic solvent dispersible particles, respectively. These functionalized colloidal suspensions showed enhanced oxidative stability over 60 days and the APTES coating widened the pH stability window of TMNs to include physiological pH. This study shows that surface functionalization using M–O–Si linkages (where M = Ti, Zr, or Hf) can greatly enhance the stability, dispersibility and therefore applicability of plasmonic TMN nanoparticles.

High performance symmetric supercapacitors based on Au incorporated CrN thin films fabricated by reactive magnetron sputtering

Recently, transition metal nitrides are being investigated extensively as potential supercapacitor material. In the present study, Au incorporated CrN (Au_CrN) thin films have been synthesized using reactive magnetron co-sputtering technique for application as supercapacitor electrode material. Films have been prepared at different Ar to N2 flow rates keeping total deposition pressure constant to achieve the required structural phase in the sample. Electrochemical properties of the deposited materials have been investigated with a three-electrode system in 0.5 M H2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. The CrN thin film deposited under 3:1 Ar: N2 partial pressure or flow rate ratio shows the highest specific capacitance. Upon Au incorporation, the film shows an areal capacitance of 56.8 mFcm−2 at 1.0 mAcm−2discharge current density which is an almost nine-fold enhancement in specific capacitance value compared to pristine CrN sample. Symmetric supercapacitors have also been developed by sandwiching two identical Au_CrN thin film electrodes, which have found to deliver excellent specific capacitance of 86.03 mFcm−2at 1.0 mAcm−2 discharge current density with no decline in capacitance value till 20,000 cycles. Furthermore, it can deliver a high energy density of 52.02mWhcm−2and a power density of 0.12mWcm−2. The electrochemical properties of the supercapacitors fabricated with the Au_CrN thin film electrodes are found to be better than most of the results reported so far in the literature with CrN electrodes. Results of the present study clearly demonstrate that these Au enhanced CrN films prepared by easily scalable and highly reproducible magnetron sputtering technique have great potential as a high capacitance supercapacitor electrode material.

The Green Lubricant Coatings Deposited by Physical Vapor Deposition for Demanding Tribological Applications: A Review

The emergence of nanotechnology and surface engineering techniques provides new opportunities for designing self-lubricant coatings with enhanced properties. In recent years, green coating technologies have played a vital role in environmental preservation. This article mainly reviews five typical types of self-lubricant coatings including MoN coatings, VN coatings, WN coatings and TMN (Transition Metal Nitride) soft-metal coatings, and DLC (Diamond-like Carbon) with lubricant agents deposited by PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) for the demanding tribological applications, which is the latest research into the green lubricant coatings. Furthermore, it is of great significance for designing the green self-lubricant coatings to adapt the demanding tribological applications to meet the industrial requirements.

Multifunctional MXene Nanosheets and Their Applications in Antibacterial Therapy

Bacterial infections are a great threat to human health, and the irrational use of antibiotics has largely compromised the efficacy of antibiotic therapy due to the emergence of drug‐resistant pathogens. It is known that synthesizing new antibiotics is difficult and time‐consuming. In this case, developing antibiotics‐independent antibacterial approaches is of great importance and significance. In the past decade, various functional nanomaterials have shown great potentials in the treatment of bacterial infections. Among these nanomaterials, transition metal carbides or nitrides, namely MXene, have attracted much attention. As the novel 2D nanosheets, MXene can serve either as a direct antibacterial agent due to its intrinsic antibacterial activity and photothermal effect, or as an efficient carrier to load photosensitizers and photocatalysts for photodynamic and photocatalytic therapy. In recent few years, the number of literatures regarding MXene‐based antibacterial therapy has increased rapidly. Thus, it is the time to systematically summarize the applications of MXene in the treatment of bacteria, especially those with drug resistance. Herein, it is aimed to summarize the preparation methods for MXene and provide a comprehensive understanding of its properties and applications in antibacterial therapy. Also, its use for bacterial detection and the challenges for practical use are discussed.

Tuning MXenes Towards Their Use in Photocatalytic Water Splitting

Finding appropriate photocatalysts for solar‐driven water (H2O) splitting to generate hydrogen (H2) fuel is a challenging task, particularly when guided by conventional trial‐and‐error experimental methods. Here, density functional theory (DFT) is used to explore the MXenes photocatalytic properties, an emerging family of two‐dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides with chemical formula Mn+1XnTx, known to be semiconductors when having Tx terminations. More than 4,000 MXene structures have been screened, considering different compositional (M, X, Tx, and n) and structural (stacking and termination position) factors, to find suitable MXenes with a bandgap in the visible region and band edges that align with the water‐splitting half‐reaction potentials. Results from bandgap analysis show how, in general, MXenes with n = 1 and transition metals from group III present the most cases with bandgap and promising sizes, with C‐MXenes being superior to N‐MXenes. From band alignment calculations of candidate systems with a bandgap larger than 1.23 eV, the minimum required for a water‐splitting process, Sc2CT2, Y2CT2 (Tx = Cl, Br, S, and Se) and Y2CI2 are highlighted as adequate photocatalysts.

Size tuning of vanadium nitride particles from atomic to micron level as efficient catalysts for zinc-air battery

Transition metal nitrides present superior electrocatalytic activities on the air electrode for fuel cells or metal-air batteries. Despite that, the weak intrinsic activity and ease of aggregation have hampered their catalytic kinetic properties and practical application. Herein, vanadium nitride (VN) particles of different sizes, micron to molecular level, have been fabricated using a facile, in-situ urea-nitridation method, and embedded in an N-doped graphitic carbon aerogel electrocatalyst (VN@CA), the doped material serving as an oxidation catalyst. Having a balance of atomic-level dispersed VN clusters and a high active site density, the obtained VN@CA catalytic material exhibits enhanced catalytic efficiency for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the values of onset and half-wave voltages were measured to be 0.97 V and 0.90 V, respectively, compared to Pt/C (which had voltages of 0.95 V and 0.87 V). Furthermore, the assembled Zn-air battery using VN@CA as catalyst exhibits a high-power density of 176 mW cm−2, a substantial specific discharge capacity of 851 mAh gZn−1 at 20 mA cm−2, a narrow gap between charging and discharging voltages (0.73 V at 50 mA cm−2), and an excellent charge-discharge cycling stability, exceeding 270 cycles with a 66 % round-trip efficiency. This work confirms that the particle size and the density both are responsible for the enhanced electrochemical activity.

Thermally Controlled Synthesis of Cr2(NCN)3/CrN Heterostructured Composite Anodes for High‐Performance Li‐Ion Batteries

AbstractCr2(NCN)3 features high specific capacity and fast electrical conductivity, making it a promising anode candidate for Li‐ion batteries. However, inherent chemical and structural metastability severely restrict its capacity output and cycle life, resulting in unsatisfactory battery performance. Here we use its thermal instability characteristic and propose a thermal controlled structural coordination strategy to in‐situ construct a Cr2(NCN)3/CrN heterostructure. Systematic studies reveal the thermodynamic structural evolution of Cr2(NCN)3 under precise temperature regulation, as well as the essential relevancy between electrochemical properties and crystalline structures. An optimal Cr2(NCN)3/CrN heterostructural composite obtained at 690 °C features uniform two‐phase recombination with abundant grain boundaries enables promising electrochemical performance, exhibiting a high reversible discharge capacity (760 mAh g−1) and a good cycle performance (75 % retention after 100 cycles). It is worth noting that the above performance is significantly improved over unmodified pure transition metal carbodiimides or metal nitride anodes. This study provides a simple and universal structural regulation strategy for transition metal carbodiimides that utilizes their thermal sensitivity to synchronously construct synergistic transition metal carbodiimides/transition metal nitrides heterostructures, promoting their potential applications in Li‐ion batteries.

Tailoring the ion storage of MXene by aramid nanofibers towards self-standing electrodes for flexible solid-state supercapacitors

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are a class of 2D nanomaterials that can offer excellent properties for high-performance supercapacitors. Nevertheless, irreversible restacking of MXene sheets decreases the interlayer spacing, which inhibits the ion intercalation between the MXene nanosheets and finally deteriorates the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. Herein, aramid nanofibers (ANFs) are mixed with Ti3C2T x MXene to prepare MXene/ANFs composite films. The restacking of MXene sheets is inhibited by the electrostatic repulsion between ANFs and MXene. The ANFs act as intercalation agents to increase the interlayer spacing of the composite films, which can improve the ion storage ability of supercapacitors. Furthermore, the ANFs enhance the mechanical strength of the composite films due to the strong hydrogen bonding interaction and nanomechanical interlocking between ANFs and MXene, endowing the composite films with self-standing property. The resultant composite films are used as electrodes for flexible solid-state supercapacitors to achieve high specific capacitance (996.5 mF cm−2 at 5 mV s−1) and outstanding cycling stability. Thus, this work provides a potential strategy to regulate the properties of 2D nanomaterials, which may expand the application of them in energy storage, ionic separation, osmotic energy conversion and beyond.

Nb2C and Nb2CO2 MXenes as Anodes in Li-Ion Batteries: A Comparative Study by First-Principles Calculations.

The new generation of Li-ion batteries is based on integrating 2D materials into the electrodes to increase the energy density while reducing the charging time and size. The two-dimensional transition metal carbide or nitride (MXene) materials offer ideal electronic properties, such as metallic behavior, low energy barriers for Li-ion diffusion, and structural stability. This study focuses on Nb2C and Nb2CO2 MXenes, which have shown promising Li-storage capacity, especially the oxidized phase. By using density functional theory (DFT) and thermodynamic criteria, we studied the Li intercalation process in both MXenes. The results show that the Li intercalation process in the oxidized phase is more stable. Also, the Li diffusion barriers are 35 and 250 meV for the bare and oxidized phase, due to the strong interaction between Li ions and O functional groups. Nb2C and Nb2CO2 MXenes deliver a maximum gravimetric theoretical capacity of 275 and 233.26 mA h/g, respectively, with a stable performance.

Advances in MXene surface functionalization modification strategies for CO2 reduction.

MXenes, 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides, show great potential in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (ECO2RR) applications owing to their tunable structure, abundant surface functional groups, large specific surface area and remarkable conductivity. However, the ECO2RR has a complex pathway involving various reaction intermediates. The reaction process yields various products alongside a competitive electrolytic water-splitting reaction. These factors limit the application of MXenes in ECO2RRs. Therefore, this review begins by examining the functionalized modification of MXenes to enhance their catalytic activity and stability via the regulation of interactions between carriers and the catalytic centre. The review firstly covers the synthesis methods and characterisation techniques for functionalized MXenes reported in recent years. Secondly, it presents the methods applied for the functionalized modification of carriers through surface loading of single atoms, clusters, and nanoparticles and construction of composites. These methods regulate the stability, active sites, and metal-carrier electronic interactions. Finally, the article discusses the challenges, opportunities, pressing issues, and future prospects related to MXene-based electrocatalysts.

Enhancing Electrochemical Performance through Swift Functional Group Tuning of MXenes

AbstractChemical manipulation of surface functional groups on two‐dimensional transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) provides a wide range of design and application prospects. However, achieving rapid targeted modification of surface groups remains a significant challenge. Herein, we propose a general strategy to swiftly shear and customize surface groups on Ti3C2Tx−MXene via the flash Joule heating (FJH) reaction within 1 s. Successfully, MXenes with 9 target terminations, including VII A (F, Cl, Br, or I), VI A (O, S, or Se), and V A (N or P), either single or multiple, are synthesized, with a surface content of up to about 76 %. The impact of these terminations is systematically analyzed on electrochemical performance, demonstrating that VI A and V A terminations have higher electrochemical activity than VII A. Particularly, N‐, S‐, and O‐terminated MXenes exhibit enhanced specific capacities and undecayed cycling performance. These findings offer valuable insights for the surface engineering design and performance optimization of functional materials.

Nanoscale Surface and Bulk Electronic Properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene Unraveled by Multimodal X-Ray Spectromicroscopy.

2D layered materials, such as transition metal carbides or nitrides, known as MXenes, offer an ideal platform to investigate charge transfer processes in confined environment, relevant for energy conversion and storage applications. Their rich surface chemistry plays an essential role in the pseudocapacitive behavior of MXenes. However, the local distribution of surface functional groups over single flakes and within few- or multilayered flakes remains unclear. In this work, scanning X-ray microscopy (SXM) is introduced with simultaneous transmission and electron yield detection, enabling multimodal nanoscale chemical imaging with bulk and surface sensitivity, respectively, of individual MXene flakes. The Ti chemical bonding environment is found to significantly vary between few-layered hydrofluoric acid-etched Ti3C2Tx MXenes and multilayered molten salt (MS)-etched Ti3C2Tx MXenes. Postmortem analysis of MS-etched Ti3C2Tx electrodes cycled in a Li-ion battery further illustrates that simultaneous bulk and surface chemical imaging using SXM offers a method well adapted to the characterization of the electrode-electrolyte interactions at the nanoscale.

A New Family of High Oxidation State Antiperovskite Nitrides: La3MN5 (M = Cr, Mn and Mo).

Three new nitrides La3MN5 (M = Cr, Mn, and Mo) have been synthesized using a high pressure azide route. These are the first examples of ternary Cs3CoCl5-type nitrides, and show that this (MN4)NLa3 antiperovskite structure type may be used to stabilise high oxidation-state transition metals in tetrahedral molecular [MN4]n- nitridometallate anions. Magnetic measurements confirm that Cr and Mo are in the M6+ state, but the M = Mn phase has an anomalously small paramagnetic moment and large cell volume. Neutron powder diffraction data are fitted using an anion-excess La3MnN5.30 model (space group I4/mcm, a = 6.81587(9) Å and c = 11.22664(18) Å at 200 K) in which Mn is close to the +7 state. Excess-anion incorporation into Cs3CoCl5-type materials has not been previously reported, and this or other substitution mechanisms may enable many other high oxidation state transition metal nitrides to be prepared.

A New Family of High Oxidation State Antiperovskite Nitrides: La3MN5 (M=Cr, Mn and Mo)

AbstractThree new nitrides La3MN5 (M=Cr, Mn, and Mo) have been synthesized using a high pressure azide route. These are the first examples of ternary Cs3CoCl5‐type nitrides, and show that this (MN4)NLa3 antiperovskite structure type may be used to stabilise high oxidation‐state transition metals in tetrahedral molecular [MN4]n− nitridometallate anions. Magnetic measurements confirm that Cr and Mo are in the M6+ state, but the M=Mn phase has an anomalously small paramagnetic moment and large cell volume. Neutron powder diffraction data are fitted using an anion‐excess La3MnN5.30 model (space group I4/mcm, a=6.81587(9) Å and c=11.22664(18) Å at 200 K) in which Mn is close to the +7 state. Excess‐anion incorporation into Cs3CoCl5‐type materials has not been previously reported, and this or other substitution mechanisms may enable many other high oxidation state transition metal nitrides to be prepared.

Component regulation and high-entropy engineering for enhanced antioxidant and high-temperature mechanical properties of protective films

Transition metal nitrides (TMNs) have gained widespread application in protecting structural components due to their high strength and hardness. However, TMNs still have the challenge of structural instability and mechanical deterioration caused by oxidation under harsh high temperature conditions. Herein, we present a strategy combining component regulation with high-entropy engineering to develop an advanced high-temperature Al-containing high-entropy nitrides (HENs) material. To prevent the phase decomposition of AlN within the (NbMoTaWAl)N, theoretical simulations were employed to determine a critical atomic percent of 25.0% Al for maintaining the stability of the high-entropy structure. Ensuing experimental synthesis creates three NbMoTaWAlN films with varying Al content: a high-entropy film with 0.0% Al (HEN), a high-entropy film with 21.2% Al (HEN-Al), and an amorphous transition metal nitride film with 30.2% Al (a-TMN-Al), validating key high-entropy engineering benchmarks. It is found that the unique HEN-Al film exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature hardness, attributed to the uniform distribution of Al atoms in the robust high-entropy structure, which creates conditions for forming a dense and continuous Al2O3 barrier layer, effectively hindering the diffusion of oxygen into the film interior. This study provides new insights to develop a new generation of high-temperature protective materials.

Fatigue and tensile behaviour of Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN multilayer nitride films coated on AZ91 magnesium alloy by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering

Despite their extensive use in the automotive and aerospace industries, Mg and Mg alloys, which are light metals, exhibit low fatigue and tensile strength. In this study, transition metal-nitride (TMN) multilayer coatings (Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN) were coated twice on AZ91 Mg alloy using a Confined Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUBMS) system to increase fatigue and tensile strength. The structural properties of the films were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) methods, and the mechanical properties were analyzed by rotating bending fatigue and tensile testing machines. Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN multilayer nitride surface coatings on AZ91 Mg alloys showed a dense and columnar microstructure and according to XRD results (111) was the preferred orientation with the dominant peak. The fatigue limit value of the AZ91 base material was fixed at 60.46 MPa, while it increased to 68.48 MPa after being coated with multilayer nitride. Along with the multilayer nitride coating, the tensile strength increased from 169.98 MPa to 175.43 MPa. As a result, the multilayer hard nitride coating with low surface roughness, which fills the defects, notches, and voids on the surface of the AZ91 base material, increased the fatigue and tensile strength in parallel. Based on the outcomes of the research, the literature has been enriched with an innovative approach through the enhancement of fatigue and tensile strengths by applying a CFUBMS coating to lightweight metals and alloys, such as AZ91, especially in the transportation industry where lightness and dynamic load resistance are essential.

Facile Fabrication of Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2)-Bismuth Vanadate (BiVO4) Nano-Coupled Oxides for Anti-cancer Activity.

Background MXene is a newly discovered substance consisting of 2D transition metal carbides or nitrides, produced through the disintegration and etching of aluminum layers. It possesses numerous properties, including a high surface area, conductivity, strength, stiffness, negative zeta potential, and excellent volumetric capacitance. MXene is utilized in detecting anti-cancer medicine, while bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is synthesized to form an optimized material for anti-cancer activity applications. BiVO4 exhibits visible light absorption, strong chemical stability, and non-toxic properties. However, when loaded onto target stem cells, it can cause skin and respiratory irritation. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the facile fabrication of titanium carbide (Ti3C2)-BiVO4 nanomaterials coupled with oxides for anti-cancer activity. Moreover, it aimed to create Ti3C2-BiVO4 nanomaterials in combination with oxides using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess their potential as efficient and targeted anti-cancer agents. Methods and materials To prepare the 2D Ti3C2 MXene, 2.5 g of titanium aluminum carbide (Ti3AlC2) powder was dissolved in 60 mL of a 40% hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution in a polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) container. The etching process was made more efficient and completed in 24 hoursby using a magnetic stirring system to keep the mixture stirred and heated continuously. Thecentrifugation was performed at 4000 rpm for five minutes. Subsequently, deionized water was used to wash the solution many times until its pH reached around 7. The appropriate Ti3C2 powder was made by vacuum drying the acquired sediment at 80°C for 24 hours. Monoclinic BiVO4 samples were synthesized via a hydrothermal method. Typically, 10 mmol of Bi(NO3)3.5H2O was dissolved in 100 mL of a 2 mol/L HNO3 solution and stirred uniformly. Subsequently, 10 mmol of ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) was added to the mixed solution. After being stirred for one hour, the mixture was transferred into a 100 mL sealed Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave at 180°C for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the sediment was washed three times with deionized water, ethanol, and acetone, respectively. Finally, the suspension was dried at 80°C, followed by calcination at 450°C for three hours to obtain BiVO4. Ti3C2-BiVO4 heterostructures were prepared by surface modificationTi3C2using BiVO4 suspensions by a simple, cost-effective approach. Results Ti3C2nanosheets were observed with BiVO4particles, and the high crystalline nature of the compound was confirmed after XRD analysis and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The compound was found to be pure without any impurities and exhibited anti-cancer activity. Conclusion The XRD, field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), and EDS investigations provide an in-depth analysis of the structural, morphological, and compositional characteristics of Ti3C2-BiVO4 sheets. The XRD analysis proves the successful combination of different materials and the presence of crystalline phases. The FESEM imaging technique exposes the shape and arrangement of particles in sheets, while the EDS analysis verifies the elemental composition and uniform distribution. These investigations show that Ti3C2-BiVO4 composites have been successfully synthesized, indicating their potential for use in anti-cancer applications.