Training In Higher Education Institutions Research Articles

DIAGNOSIS OF FORMATION OF BACHELORSʼ PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE IN THE FIELD OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES

The article includes the application of theoretical research methods: analysis, comparison, generalization and systematization. It reveals the author’s interpretation of the concepts “professional competence”, “bachelor of computer technology” and “formation of professional competence of bachelor of computer technology” as a systematic, focused and organized process of training a specialist capable of working in various fields of professional use of modern computer technology and the Internet; also ready to apply methods of making scientifically sound decisions with the help of expert systems and the latest information technologies, etc.The generalized composition of professional competence of future bachelors in the field of computer technology included: information, technical, subject (individual disciplines of professional training), research, self-education, communication, and self-regulation.In order to diagnose the formation of professional competence of future bachelors in “Professional Education (Computer Technology)” the following criteria and indicators are identified: 1) motivational and value: awareness, attitude, interest, motivation, values, the desire to acquire professional competence, self-competence, self-development and self-regulation; 2) cognitive: knowledge (professional): analytical, algorithmic, design, communication, organizational, control, evaluation and creative; 3) operational activities: abilities (organization, design, application / use, implementation, research, creative activity); 4) subjective: reflection, personal qualities, and self-regulation.The following methods were used to diagnose the formation of professional competence of future bachelors in the speciality “Professional education (computer technology)”: observation, survey (interview, questionnaire), testing, expert assessment and some methods.We identified that the initial level of formation of professional competence of bachelors in the field of computer technology in the process of professional training has 50.25 % of EG students (CG – 50.73 %), average – 35.96 % (CG – 36.10 %), high – 13.79 % (CG  13.17 %), which indicates the inefficiency of the traditional organization of such training in higher education institutions for the formation of our studied qualities.
 Keywords: professional competence, bachelor of computer technology, formation of professional competence of computer technology bachelor, diagnosis, criteria, indicators and levels.

Научно-методическое и организационное обеспечение государственной итоговой аттестации выпускников высшей школы

Generalized is experience of Penza State University of Architecture and Construction and of a number of other universities in the country in scientific methodological and organizational support of the state final certification of bachelors and undergraduates in the direction of training “Management”. This experience has been recognized by many higher educational institutions in Russia, and the presented approaches are recommended by the UMO of Russian universities for education in management for use in the state final certification of graduates of higher educational institutions. In addition, the article analyzes the problems that higher educational institutions have recently faced in connection with the pandemic, having to organize the educational process in a distance format. The practical implementation of the presented experience of the state final certification of graduates will contribute to improving the quality of theoretical and practical training of students at the final stages of study at universities, as well as ensuring an integrated approach to the final phases of state final certification and, as a result, increasing the effectiveness of training in higher educational institutions.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO FUTURE TEACHERS’ TRAINING IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The paper describes the results of a research study on the problem of future teachers’ training based on the analysis of scientific literature and law regulated documents. The analysis revealed two main innovative approaches (regulatory-directed and subjectively intended) to future foreign languages teachers’ training in institutions of higher education in Ukraine that appear in the new changes in higher education in particular. The authors found out that mentioned innovative approaches should be evaluated as the most powerful and positive in their results: structural and semantic upgrade of future teachers’ training in higher education institutions (three-level model of training, additional profiles training, competence-oriented content training) and provide its further resource update (personnel, informational, technological, etc.).

THE CONCEPT OF PROFESSIONAL SKILLS OF CHOREOGRAPHERS AS A SYSTEM

This article discusses the concept of “professional skills of choreographers” as a system. The paper notes that choreography, being one of the spatio-temporal arts, is changing in accordance with the development of social relations and the requirements of today, which highlight the return to universal values, deep folk traditions and culture. Preservation of cultural values takes place in the socio-cultural sphere and is carried out by specialists in the field of choreography. The article considers the need to determine the criteria of professional skill of choreographers in the conditions of free educational institutions and institutions of culture and arts on the basis of a systematic approach, which will fix the insufficiency of old, traditional teaching methods for setting and solving new pedagogical tasks. This paper states that the definition of “professional skill” from the standpoint of a systems approach means understanding it not as a set of individual skills and techniques, but as a system that is in the unity and relationship of components determined by the general and professional development of the individual. The system approach designed in our research corresponds to didactic laws and principles, and also includes a complex of methods, forms, means of the organization and realization of educational process, organizational and methodical procedures and is directed on formation at choreographers of all components of professional skill during their training in higher education institutions. The article also emphasizes that the repeated and continuous application of the principles of a systematic approach to the formation of professional skills of choreographers will ensure a stable result in the educational and creative process of higher education institutions and cultural and arts institutions for training young professionals. improvement of choreographic education and choreographic art.
 Keywords: choreography, choreographer, professional training, system, system approach, professional skill, professionalism.

Special Aspects of Professional Activity of Motor Transport Profile Teaching Engineers

The article characterizes the special features of the motor transport profile teaching engineers’ professional activity in vocational institutions (teacher of vocational training, master of vocational training), higher education institutions (engineering teacher) and in manufacturing. 
 The purpose is to clarify the special aspects of motor transport profile teaching engineers’ professional training in higher education institutions of Ukraine.
 The following research methods are used observation, description through individual interviews, expert evaluation method and questionnaire.
 The results are the following. It is stated that engineering and pedagogical education involves the rational integration of psychological, pedagogical and engineering components of professional training. It is noted that the professional training of teaching engineers is aimed at the formation their professional engineering and professional pedagogical competencies. This integrated training includes two equivalent integrated components: engineering (technical and technological, manufacturing, special, industrial branch) and pedagogical (humanitarian and social).
 It is stated that successful professional activity of a teaching engineer of motor transport profile is connected with professional training in institutions of higher education and the content and organization of their self-education in the process of professional development. To ensure proper training of a teaching engineer for successful activities, it is necessary to keep a continuous connection between the engineering and technical awareness and pedagogical activities. 
 Modern professional activity of a teaching engineer is characterized by their innovative activities, the specifics of them is caused by the peculiarities of professional-pedagogical education and conditions of engineering-pedagogical activities, which provide generation and transformation of new ideas into innovations and form the management system. The innovative activity of teaching engineer is the basis of creative approach to professional responsibilities.
 It is concluded that a teaching engineer of motor transport profile is a teacher with higher pedagogical and technical education, who performs educational-methodical, engineering-technical, scientific-innovative, communicative-psychological, organizational, managerial and legal activities.

ОКРЕМІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПІДГОТОВКИ ПОЛІЦЕЙСЬКИХ У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ МВС УКРАЇНИ

Розкрито особливості підготовки поліцейських у закладах вищої освіти, що належать до сфери управління МВС України (відомчих закладів). Наголошено на узгодженні вітчизняної системи вищої освіти з європейськими стандартами. Надано увагу критичним зауваженням щодо подальших перспектив розвитку закладів вищої освіти МВС України. Аргументовано власну позицію щодо доцільності збереження функціонування відомчої системи підготовки поліцейських. Акцентовано на доцільності збереження підготовки поліцейських за спеціальністю 081 «Право» у закладах вищої освіти МВС України. Найголовнішими особливостями підготовки поліцейських у закладах вищої освіти МВС України визначено такі: а) послідовна адаптація до вимог та особливостей поліцейської діяльності; б) успішне поєднання теоретичних підходів у здобутті юридичних знань із практикою реалізації законодавства, що відбувається під час навчання з використанням елементів поліцейського квесту; в) уніфікація навчально-методичних матеріалів, доступних у дистанційному режимі, що має сприяти обміну найкращими практиками та доступу до знань у будь-який час через мережу «Інтернет».

МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ МУЗИЧНО-ТЕОРЕТИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ МУЗИЧНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

The article actualizes the problem of music-theoretical training in higher educational institutions, reveals the pedagogical potential of music-theoretical disciplines, explores the methodological aspects of optimizing the process of music-theoretical training on the basis of an integrated approach. research analysis revealed the pedagogical potential of music-theoretical training for the professional development of future music teachers, multifaceted opportunities of music-theoretical disciplines, demonstrated the versatility of music-theoretical training (cognitive-informational, practical, creative, projective functions), proved the need for its focus on music -creative activity, which consists of various types (instrumental-performing, conductor-choral, improvisational-creative, research, lecture-educational, compositional and others) and affects the comprehensive disclosure and practical implementation of the creative potential of students of higher art educational institutions. The current stage of development of national education is characterized by the actualization of the role of art disciplines during the professional development of the personality of the future teacher of music art. Music-theoretical training is the basis of the process of formation of professional competencies of future music teachers. The problem of raising the level of professionalism of future music teachers largely depends on music-theoretical training aimed at various types of music-creative activities that are important for the training of students of higher art schools. Thus, the analysis of research revealed the pedagogical potential of music-theoretical training for the professional development of future music teachers, multifaceted possibilities of music-theoretical disciplines, demonstrated the versatility of music-theoretical training (cognitive-informational, practical, creative, projective functions), proved the need for its direction on musical and creative activity, which consists of different types (instrumental-performing, conducting-choral, improvisational-creative, research, lecture-educational, compositional and others) and influences the comprehensive disclosure and practical implementation of the creative potential of students of higher art education institutions.

E-learning in a modern university (case study of Samara State Transport University)

The changes that are taking place today are a real challenge to education, and they require transformation of the traditional education model. We are focused on positive opportunities in education that were insufficiently developed. There is a new reality based on the technological revolution and the achievements of 4.0 industry. E-learning is becoming one of the most significant functional technologies. The problem is that the unified e-learning paradigm has not yet been fully developed from the scientific point of view. Effective management of the e-learning process can contribute to high-quality implementation of such training in higher education institutions. The paper discusses the relevance of e-learning and its possibilities to build a large number of students general competencies which are necessary for their successful professional development. The possibilities of LMS Moodle for effective management of students educational activities and their personalization are presented in the paper. The necessity of using the e-learning management system in order to provide high-quality education is shown through the E-course Foreign Language for students of Samara State Transport University.

ЧИННИКИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ МАЙСТЕРНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕДАГОГІВ

Актуальність: якість освітнього процесу значною мірою визначається рівнем сформованості педагогічної майстерності педагогів; формування педагогічної майстерності майбутніх педагогів у закладах вищої освіти залежить від групи чинників, врахування яких сприятиме підвищенню результативності цього процесу. Мета: з’ясування сутності поняття «педагогічна майстерність» та її структурних компонентів, визначення чинників, що впливають на результативність формування педагогічної майстерності майбутніх педагогів у закладах вищої освіти. Методи: теоретичні: аналіз психолого-педагогічних джерел, наукових праць присвячених проблемам формування педагогічної майстерності – для з’ясування сутності поняття «педагогічна майстерність» та її структурних компонентів; узагальнення та систематизація – для визначення чинників, що впливають на результативність формування педагогічної майстерності майбутніх педагогів у закладах вищої освіти. Результати: проаналізовано основні підходи до трактування поняття «педагогічна майстерність» та визначення її структурних компонентів. Схарактеризовано педагогічну майстерність як інтегративне особистісне утворення, яке поєднує у собі загальні й професійні компетентності, здібності до педагогічної діяльності, володіння педагогічною технікою (внутрішньою та зовнішньою), сформованість відповідних професійно особистісних якостей, здатність до творчості та педагогічної взаємодії з учасниками освітнього процесу на рефлексивній основі й неперервної освіти впродовж життя. Виокремлено та коротко схарактеризовано три групи чинників, що впливають на формування педагогічної майстерності майбутніх педагогів: соціально-економічні, особистісні та технологічні. Зазначено, що соціально-економічні чинники впливають на потреби учнівської молоді вступати на навчання за освітніми програмами, що здійснюють підготовку вчителів; особистісні й технологічні чинники є визначальними під час навчання у закладах вищої освіти. Висновки: підготовка майбутніх педагогів у закладах вищої освіти й формування педагогічної майстерності зокрема має здійснюватися з врахуванням таких груп чинників: соціально-економічних, особистісних та технологічних.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ КУРСАНТОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ОБУЧЕНИЯ В УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ МИНИСТЕРСТВА ВНУТРЕННИХ ДЕЛ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ

The academic competence of cadets is the basis for the formation of professional and social-personal competence of a specialist. Academic competence is a set of skills to independently obtain, process and apply knowledge in the field of jurisprudence, as well as to study and explain from a theoretical point of view the phenomena associated with the implementation of law enforcement. The specifics of training in higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs predetermines the need for a systematic organization of activities to develop the academic competence of cadets. The article describes the stages of designing the educational process, taking into account the stages of professionalization of cadets in the learning process.

Организация и содержание музыкально-исполнительской подготовки в высших национальных консерваториях музыки и танца Парижа и Лиона

On the wave of the multi-vectored processes in higher musical education of performing musicians in many ways conditioned by social transformations and the practice of the contemporary art of music generated by parallel means in different European countries, particularly France primarily accepted the Bologne Convention in 2008 as a convenient model, on the other hand, for broad partner interaction and mutual enrichment and, on the other hand – of an artistic “restoration” of a historically established original system of higher musical education for performers in this country. The article shows the particularities of reorganization of the structure, the principle of bestowing scholarly degrees in the two most prestigious higher educational institutions – the Paris and Lyon Higher Conservatories of Music and Dance. Conclusions are arrived at about the immense potentials and particularities of the tendencies of development of the transnational convention twovectored in its nature, the acceptance of which opens up new prospects for extending the range of acquired specializations and the intellectualization of training in higher educational institutions in our country. Keywords: system of higher education, conservatories of France, Bologne Convention.

Internationalization of higher education: motives, factors and problems (based on the results of sociological research)

The article presents the results of two sociological studies conducted in order to study the motivation for obtaining higher education and the factors of choosing a university by foreign students, identifying problems and developing recommendations for their solution. It was revealed that foreign students generally value higher education, and that the motivational postulates of obtaining an education contain not only commercial goals, but also cultural ones. It has been established that Russian education is highly valued by foreign students in terms of quality, and that foreign students purposefully seek to obtain Russian education. It was determined that Russia is a financially attractive country for foreign students, including attractive in obtaining jobs. The study showed the high importance of the university website and social networks for making a decision on obtaining an education at this university. The results of the study showed that the level of training in higher educational institutions of the city meets the requirements and meets the needs of foreign students as much as possible. At the same time, a number of problems related to teaching foreign students were identified: language problems; learning problems; communication problems; sociocultural and social problems, for the solution of which a number of recommendations are proposed in the article.

Проблема професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів фізичної культури до інноваційної діяльності в умовах інклюзивного навчання

The article considers the problem of preparing physical education specialists for inclusive education. We investigated the legislative base of inclusive education, scientific and methodical literature on the topic. We came to the conclusion that "inclusive physical education" is a flexible, individualized system of physical education of children with special needs in the conditions of mass education. Physical education teachers are poorly informed about inclusive education, don't understand how they organize physical education work with children with special needs and most believe that inclusive children belong in special schools. The reasons for this attitude are: insufficient training in higher education institutions; imperfect system of forms of work with children with special needs; insufficient information about inclusive education in physical education classes by the administration of the educational institution. The main idea of modernization of the professional training process of physical education and sport specialists is to at least create conditions, allowing students in the educational process of higher education institution to develop innovative ideas in the conditions of inclusion. To develop creative thinking on the implementation of innovative physical education technologies. But at most, the creation of a viable pedagogical system of inclusive education, based on innovative technologies, which would provide a modern quality of training a new type of specialists, who have the knowledge, skills and abilities of an innovative teacher, a teacher-scientist.

Prerequisites for the formation of professional competence of future preschool education specialists in the process of training in higher education institutions

Prerequisites for the formation of professional competence of future preschool education specialists in the process of training in higher education institutions

ПРОФЕСІЙНА ПІДГОТОВКА ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ГУМАНІТАРНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ НІМЕЧЧИНИ

The article is devoted to the topical problem of professional training of teachers of humanities in higher education institutions in Germany. The problems and features of basic competencies that are formed in teachers of humanities in training in higher education institutions are considered. Objectives of the study: to investigate the professional training of teachers of humanities; consider the structure of higher education institutions in Germany; to analyze the presentation of the main material on the professional training of teachers of higher education institutions in Germany. Based on the study of domestic and German scientific sources, it was found that the attention of researchers focused on the study of the development of higher education, the origin and formation of pedagogical education in Germany; theories and practices of teacher training in Germany; comparative pedagogy. The study found that the training of foreign language teachers in Germany is based on ancient traditions and is closely linked to the peculiarities of the development of school education in the country; dissemination and teaching of foreign languages; opening of modern languages in universities of philological specialties; typology of educational institutions. It was found that the system of training foreign language teachers in Germany has gone from the training of a classical philologist to a thorough philological and psychological-pedagogical training.

FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF ECONOMIC SPECIALTIES IN ZVO

The article deals with the problem of the formation of professional competence of future specialists in economic specialties. The relevance of the presented research lies in the fact that the change of knowledge to competence-based methodological approach in higher education in accordance with global trends determines the need to develop the content of the concept of competence of future specialists in economic specialties. The purpose and objective of the article is to determine the structure of the professional competence of future specialists in economics, as well as the features of the formation of labor protection and legal competence of students of economic specialties as a component of their professional competence. To achieve the intended goal using such general research methods: generalization, comparison, systematization and abstraction. The structure of the professional competence of future specialists in economic specialties is substantiated, which contains the activity and personal components, and is determined by the requirements of employers for the qualifications of employees. The ways of improving the educational process in order to form the labor protection and legal competence of future specialists in economic specialties, as an important component of their professional competence, have been determined. In particular, such as: search and substantiation of theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation of legal and labor protection competence of future specialists-economists; motivation of students of economic specialties to study legal and security disciplines; study and adaptation of positive foreign experience, as well as the development of appropriate methodological support and the like. It was found that further research requires the definition and substantiation of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the model of the formation of professional competence of students of economic specialties in vocational training in higher education institutions.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CONTEXT SELF- ORGANIZATION TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

The urgency of the topic is provoked by innovative processes in the system of higher education, including increasing requirements for the professional activity of HEI teachers. The educators play a major role in the system of modernization of higher education. Thus, there is a need to improve the theoretical and methodological foundations of teachers` training in higher education institutions. The need to perform professional activities in rapidly changing and non- standard conditions raises the self-organization competence forming of a higher education teacher in professional activities.The survey results of teachers-practitioners and undergraduates on self-organization in professional activity are presented. The generalized indicators of formation of levels of self- organization competence in experimental and control groups are shown in professional activity. The difficulties of self-organization in educational work are identified, namely: insufficient development of activity planning skills; improper level of self-reflection processes, self-regulation activity; the problem of rational distribution of internal and external resources; the presence of organizational difficulties in non-standard life situations.The following components of the methodical system of future higher education teachers contextual training in self-organization during professional activity are determined: theoretical and methodical basis (educational professional program, educational and working programs, syllabi of educational disciplines, instructive-methodical materials, manuals, cases), organizational pedagogical tools, forms, methods), methods of implementation (subject-reflexive and context-design strategies). The organizational and pedagogical principles, principles and algorithm of contextual preparation of future higher education teachers to self-organization in professional activity.

Internal freedom as a value basis for the development of future psychologists' leadership skills

Introduction. The problem of development of future psychologists' internal freedom and leadership qualities as their key features has grown in importance in today's conditions. Aim: to study the features of internal freedom as a value basis for the development of future psychologists' leadership skills in general and in higher education institutions of various forms of ownership in particular. Methods. Questionnaires and mathematical statistics. Results. Future psychologists' inner freedom and leadership potential are quite weak. There are associations between future psychologists' inner freedom and their leadership potential in general and the ownership type of their higher education institution. Conclusions. The obtained results can be used in future psychologists' leadership qualities development training in higher education institutions.

BADMINTON AS A PROBABLE DISCIPLINE WELLNESS IN PROGRAM "PHYSICAL CULTURE"

In the process of training in higher educational institutions in thediscipline "Physical education" provides for the solution of various problems, oneof which is the preservation and strengthening of students' health, promoting thecorrect formation and comprehensive development of the body, maintaining highperformance throughout the entire period of training.

Сучасні тенденції молодіжної зайнятості в Україні

The relevance of the scientific article topic is due to the growing importance of human capital as a major factor in economic growth, so higher education is becoming an important means of forming a new generation of qualified personnel and the development of intellectual capital. As a basis for the formation of human capital, education is related to the functioning of the labor market. The imbalance in the development of higher education and the labor market causes both a surplus of specialists in certain areas of training and a shortage of highly qualified personnel in some specialties. Scientists consider human capital from the standpoint of economic asset, which is formed by investing in education and training of the worker, and contributes to the specific effect associated with the involvement in material production of economically active labor. The purpose of the article is to assess the state of the national labor market and study the share of economically active population by level of education, identify existing problems and the ways of their solving. The results of the study. The training of skilled labor in Ukraine is suboptimal and does not meet the needs of the domestic labor market, which requires their synchronization. Despite the decline in the main quantitative indicators of higher education coverage, over the last ten years about 70% of students have become students of higher educational institutions and Ukraine ranks fifth position in Europe and twelfth position in the world in terms of higher education coverage. It is established that the shortage of personnel trained to work in the new socio-economic conditions is an objective reason for changing the structure of specialties for which training is carried out, and the chronic lack of funding for higher education forces to expand enrollment in social sciences and humanities disciplines which attract students. The main reasons for informal employment are the imperfection of organizational, managerial and regulatory mechanisms of the labor market, employment, imbalance in the labor market and educational services, which do result in changes in the quantitative and qualitative structure of the labor market and personnel skills mismatch. In this context, the optimization of public procurement and funding of training in higher education institutions remains relevant. It is investigated that in addition to the formal signal of professional competencies in the form of a diploma, the employer considers the presence of job applicants “soft skills”, which are considered non-specialized, between professional skills that allow professionals to adapt to new conditions, perform non-standard tasks to change the field of employment. Conclusions. Ukraine’s national economy could be more productive if the state focused on ensuring the productive potential of young people. “The positive effects of public investment in youth employment can be enhanced by ensuring that young workers have the necessary skills. In this sense, linking infrastructure investment to labor market policies will help increase the number and quality of jobs for young people” [10]. The research shows that in Ukraine the quality of training in the system of higher educational institutions does not fully meet the needs of the national labor market, which causes a high level of unemployment of their graduates. As a result, Ukraine is losing the factors of economic growth – human and intellectual capital, which migrates abroad not realizing itself in the country. Thus, it requires new approaches to the development of the higher education system and in modern conditions higher educational institutions should intensify activities aimed at strengthening cooperation between business and employers in maximizing the adaptation of educational programs to the needs of the national economy which are extremely popular with domestic experts. Key words: labor market, human capital, labor resources, unemployment.