Evaluation Of Training Effectiveness Research Articles

Evaluating the Use of Smart Home Technology by People With Brain Impairment: Protocol for a Single-Case Experimental Design.

BackgroundSmart home technologies are emerging as a useful component of support delivery for people with brain impairment. To promote their successful uptake and sustained use, focus on technology support services, including training, is required.ObjectiveThe objective of this paper is to present a systematic smart home technology training approach for people with brain impairment. In addition, the paper outlines a multiple-baseline, single-case experimental design methodology to evaluate training effectiveness.MethodsAdult participants experiencing acquired brain impairment who can provide consent to participate and who live in housing where smart home technology is available will be recruited. Target behaviors will be identified in consultation with each participant based on his or her personal goals for technology use. Target behaviors may include participant knowledge of the number and type of technology functions available, frequency of smart home technology use, and number of function types used. Usage data will be gathered via log-on smart home technology servers. A smart technology digital training package will also be developed and left on a nominated device (smartphone, tablet) with each participant to use during the trial and posttrial, as desired. Measures of the target behavior will be taken throughout the baseline, intervention, and postintervention phases to provide the evidence of impact of the training on the target behaviors and ascertain whether utilization rates are sustained over time. In addition, trial results will be analyzed using structured visual analysis, supplemented with statistical analysis appropriate to single-case methodology.ResultsWhile ascertaining the effectiveness of this training protocol, study results will offer new insights into technology-related training approaches for people with brain impairment. Preliminary data collection has been commenced at one supported housing site, with further scoping work continuing to recruit participants from additional sites.ConclusionsEvaluation evidence will assist in planning for the smart technology set-up as well as training and support services necessary to accompany the provision of new devices and systems.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR1-10.2196/10451

Development of a Mouse Model to Evaluate the Influence of Exercise on Collateral Growth in PAD

Background: Exercise is established as a treatment option in PAD, even though the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. An animal model was developed to evaluate collateral growth through exercise. Methods: 12 weeks old healthy C57BL/6 mice were compared to 18 wk. old ApoE-/- deficient mice, showing after 12 wk. of high caloric diet cardiovascular deficits. Ligation of the superficial femoral artery simulated acute limb occlusion. Both groups where exposed to freely accessible running wheels to evaluate training effects and in motion-restricting cages as control baseline. Hind limb perfusion was measured by LDPI pre- and postoperative at different points in time. At each of these points body weight was recorded as well as histological/morphometric Mm. adductores examinations were performed. Results: ApoE-/- mice showed significant macroscopic arteriosclerotic changes and an increase in body weight compared to BL6, but no differences of distances were observed. LDPI on BL6 did not show differences between training and resting. There was a continuous improvement in reperfusion to d14 to stabilize at 70% of baseline. ApoE showed significant differences between training and control on d7 on which this reperfusion stabilized at 70% of baseline. It was shown that there is a difference (p<0,05) of perfusion between the animal strains immediately postoperative as well as on d3 and d7. There is no difference in size of collateral arteries between the groups. A significant increase of macrophages and a higher endothelial monocyte activity can be seen in the first week in ApoE mice with training. Conclusion: The running wheels were accepted by both groups. Due to pre-existing cardiovascular deficiencies ApoE-/- mice were proven to be a suitable model to picture PAD. It was shown there is evidence that exercise significantly accelerates reperfusion through collateral growth, an increased endothelial proliferation activity and a higher accumulation of macrophages due to training.

Preliminary evaluation and analysis of standardized training effect of traditional Chinese medicine residents in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine

Objective To evaluate the implementation effect of the standardized training system for the residents in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine. Methods The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine 2015 Chinese medicine (including Chinese Medicine) clinical medical postgraduates of TCM standardized resident training mode, make a comprehensive evaluation on the analysis and comparison of the training mode of the traditional 2015 stage. Results The outstanding students in grade 2014 were 15 (10.1%), and the 2015 were 33 people (23.1%), where the difference was significant. There 134 residents in grade 2014 completed the training (90.5%), and the 2015 were 140 (97.9%), where the difference was significant between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions One year of residents training in Hunan province has achieved certain results that the Chinese medicine standardized resident training mode is superior to the traditional training mode in the clinical skills, but the detail specification needs to be improved. Key words: Education, medical, graduate (TCMP); Standardized training of Chinese residents; Professional degree master; Program evaluation

PO-122 Influence of Winter Training on Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Bicyclist

Objective The research took the bicyclists in Zhejiang for preparing of the Thirteenth National Games in winter training as the subjects. Through physiological and biochemical index of testing during the winter training, we attempted to find out some rules or problems by exploring the characteristics of their training during winter training, Reached on body function and the training intensity of athletes for effective monitoring and adjustment effect during winter training, and to provide a reference for the development of scientific in bicycle training.&#x0D; Methods During the long term bicycle training, some physical fitness evaluation indices includingVO2max,anaerobic power,body composition,Hb,Bun,CK,T and NEUT% were tested and analyzed systematically. Master the bike athletes body function changes during the winter training, and discuss the relationship between these indexes and body function condition.&#x0D; Results VO2 max, VO2 max relative value almost no change during the winter training; The Large Anaerobic work, 30s average anaerobic work and an body composition indicators no significant difference (p &lt; 0.05), but had a significant change. Hb, Bun, CK,T,NEUT% based standard value in the normal range, throughout the winter training period, Hb, BUN and CK, T, NEUT % has experienced cyclical changes along with the change of sports load: Hb, T at the beginning of the winter training has a downward trend, CK and NEUT % in the early part of the winter training has a rising trend, but as for the winter training gradually restored, BUN rising during the winter training, two weeks before the end of winter training to get down.&#x0D; Conclusions 1, the pros and cons of aerobic capacity is not the main factors influencing the cycling short athlete special performance, but of eliminating anaerobic lactic acid after training to play an active role, aerobic ability training should be strengthened.&#x0D; 2, anaerobic metabolism energy is the important factors that affect cycling short athlete sport result, peak power and 30s average power to scientific evaluation of the athlete's training effect.&#x0D; 3, decreased body fat percentage and lean body mass increase, to improve the athlete special scores play a positive role.&#x0D; 4, during the winter training athletes Hb, CK, T, NEUT % changes over motion load, NEUT % can be used as auxiliary training monitoring indexes of female athletes on the biochemical indexes of the sensitivity is higher than male athletes.&#x0D; 5, in the case of lean body mass is not fall, blood urea to maintain at a high level of cycling short athletes may not bring much impact performance.&#x0D; 6, Because of the mobilization can bear the load and strength are not the same, the same load and intensity produced by the reflect function will not the same, further analysis is needed to combined with physiological and biochemical indexes and individual training plan situation carries on the comprehensive consideration, so as to improve the accuracy of measurement analysis.

The application of PDCA cycle in the bio-safety training for research-oriented medical postgradu-ates

The laboratory of science and technology center at general hospital explored the appli-cation of PDCA cycle in the bio-safety training for research-oriented medical postgraduates, and then analyzed the ef-fect of the training. The laboratory applied the PDCA cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) into the bio-safety training prac-tice based on its own characteristics. The 4 links of bio-safety practice including bio-safety factors analysis, train-ing plan implementation, training effectiveness evaluation and problems feed-back were integrated with 4 process-es of PDCA cycle management. In view of the problems existing in the laboratory bio-safety training, the PDCA cy-cle model was applied to bio-safety training. Though the PDCA cycle, the laboratory can establish a bio-logical safety quality monitoring mechanism and achieve the system-atization, standardization and normalization of biosafe-ty training. Key words: PDCA cycle; Research-oriented medical postgraduates; Bio-safety

Training effectiveness evaluation of helicopter emergency relief based on virtual simulation

Helicopters are playing an increasingly important part in emergency relief, such as earthquake rescue, firefighting and medical transport. With the development of virtual simulation technology, virtual simulation-based training is widely used in the training of the helicopter crew especially for the dangerous and costly missions mentioned above. A complete training effectiveness evaluation method is proposed to evaluate the trainees’ training effect based on virtual simulation in this paper. A key to this method is regarding the complicated process as a discrete event-activity flow system and establishing the evaluation indicator system. Then expert group and Analytical Network Process (ANP) are applied to determine the weight of indicators. When the training data are processed, there is a novel attempt to apply Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) model to calculate the two categories of indicators. Eventually, an experiment and the analysis were carried out to validate the evaluation method.

Evaluating cabin crew food safety training using the Kirkpatrick model: an airlines’ perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the evaluation of cabin crew food safety training using the Kirkpatrick model.Design/methodology/approachUsing a snowballing technique, 26 cabin crew, managers, supervisors and trainers participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Summative content analysis was used to evaluate the data.FindingsIn total, 26 respondents from 20 international airlines participated in the study. All respondents agreed that evaluating cabin crew food safety/hygiene issues is important in relation to in-flight food handling; for example, “Training evaluation helps in the improvement of the future training”; “We have an end of course feedback form, either done electronically or on paper and that looks at how the delegates felt the training went, if they came away learning something new, if the environment for learning was right, all sorts of things; the questionnaire is quite comprehensive”; and “Every trainee is given a feedback form to complete”. However, significant failures in food safety training and its evaluation were identified.Research limitations/implicationsThe evaluation of cabin crew food safety training shows that it is ineffective in some aspects, including learning achieved and behavioural change, and these can directly impact on the implementation of food safety practices. Evaluation failures may be due to the lack of available time in relation to other cabin crew roles. Further research may consider using a larger sample size, evaluating training effectiveness using social cognition models and assessments of airline and cabin crew food safety culture.Originality/valueThis is the first study that evaluates cabin crew food safety training using the Kirkpatrick model. The findings provide an understanding of the current evaluation of cabin crew food safety training and can be used by airlines for improving and developing effective future food safety training programmes. This, in turn, may reduce the risk of passenger and crew foodborne disease.

Construction of a nurse post core competency evaluation index system based on specific nursing group model

Objective To construct a clinical nurse specialism post core competency evaluation index system based on specific nursing group model. Methods In March 2017, we establish a clinical nurse specialism post core competency evaluation index system based on specific position requirements, specific nursing development and demand for comprehensive ability improvement of nurses through literature review, semi-structured interview and Delphi expert consultation. The index weight was confirmed by precedence chart. Results There were 30 letter questionnaires which were sent out in two rounds of expert consultation with 100% for the recovery rate of questionnaire. The authority coefficient (Cr) of consultation expert was 0.851 3. Totals of 8 items of primary indexes and 45 items of secondary indexes were established. The primary indexes included fundamental practice ability, post specific nursing ability, post problem-solving ability, learning and education ability, organization and coordination ability, critical thinking ability, post practice and innovation ability as well as nursing scientific research ability. Conclusions The construction of index system provides a basis and reference for the clinical nurse specialism post core competency based on specific nursing group model and the ways, methods as well as evaluation of training effects of specialized training for nurses in China. Key words: Post management; Nurse specialism; Core competency; Evaluation index; Delphi method

Clinical effect evaluation and experience of MOTOmed virtual scene training combined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy

Substantial evidence from clinical reports has established that most cerebral palsy (CP) patients benefit from a comprehensive rehabilitation exercise training programme. Such advances are enhanced when Motomed virtual scene training combined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy. However, little information exists regarding these effects. Forty-eight children with spastic cerebral palsy were collected from 2014 to 2016 in children's rehabilitation department of Huai’an maternal and child health hospital. Among them, 25 cases were treated with MOTOmed virtual scene training combined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy, and 23 cases with single electromyographic biofeedback therapy. Before and after treatment, the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) was used to evaluate the gross motor function of all children, and Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) was used to evaluate and observe the activities of daily living of children. The scores of GMFM and ADL in the treatment and control groups were significantly higher than those before treatment ( P < 0.05). Before treatment, GMFM and ADL scores in the treatment groups were significantly higher than those in the control groups ( P < 0.05). MOTOmed virtual scene training combined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy can effectively improve the gross motor function and activities of daily living of children with spastic cerebral palsy, which is obviously superior to electromyographic biofeedback therapy alone.

Construction of training evaluation system for nurses specialized in cardiovascular disease based on the Kirkpatrick model

Objective To construct the training evaluation system for nurses specialized in cardiovascular disease based on the Kirkpatrick model. Methods From January to October 2017, a total of 30 domestic experts of clinical medicine and nursing specialized in cardiovascular disease from several ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals, in accordance with Kirkpatrick model, were consulted by Delphi method. According to the expert opinion, the weight of the indexes at all levels was determined by the analytic hierarchy process. Results The study conducted a total of 2 rounds of correspondence. The positive coefficient of the first round of consultation was 90.00%, and the positive coefficient of second rounds of consultation was 92.59%; The authority coefficient (Cr) of the experts was 0.76, and the Kendall coefficient of concordance (W) was 0.6~0.8, which was statistically significant by χ2 test (P<0.05) . The evaluation index system included 4 first level indicators, 14 second level indexes and 45 third level indexes. Conclusions The training effect evaluation model of nurses specialized in cardiovascular can reflect the standard of training quality, make the training management scientific and fair, and have wide application value, which is beneficial to promote the construction of specialized nursing team for cardiovascular diseases. Key words: Cardiovascular diseases; Specialized nurse; Kirkpatrick model; Training effect

Implementation and effect evaluation of teacher training for Resident Planning Training

Objective To understand effect of teacher to provide reference for teachers' teaching methods in standardization of clinical resident training. Method The teachers carried out five days of teacher training. Teacher adopted method of theory teaching and group discussion. The main content of had daily rounds with teaching, the proper use of ORIME evaluation, of sandwich type, a minute tutor teaching method, SOAP method to report cases. Before training, 100 residents were randomly selected to evaluate teaching in teaching teachers through self-designed questionnaire. After training, questionnaire survey was conducted among 100 residents again. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0. The measurement data were represented by (mean or + standard deviation), and date were compared by t test. Results Residents believed that after teacher training, teachers' teaching level improved (P<0.05). The three aspects of general and phased learning goals, training students' clinical thinking ability through questions, requiring students to report cases and give guidance and feedback were most obvious. The pre score was (3.28±0.92) (3.31±1.12)(3.55±0.85), and corresponding score was after (3.98±0.85) (4.19±0.85) (4.11±0.74). Conclusion From comparison of survey results before and after residents, teachers' teaching modes, skills and methods have been improved after receiving teachers' training. Key words: Teaching hospitals; Teacher training; Standardization of clinical resident training; Clinical teachers

Design of Simulation Training System for Fire Safety Inspection Based on Computer Simulation Technology

Abstract The purpose of this study was to design a simulation training system for fire safety inspection based on three key technologies which involved three-dimensional geographic information system technology, three-dimensional modeling technology and visualization of human-computer interaction technology. First, basic development ideas and guiding principles of the simulation training system were drawn from the analysis on current situations and actual demands of fire safety inspection training at present; Accordingly, the basic framework with three platform was designed, including back-stage administrator control platform, teachers’ guidance platform and student training platform in front stage; as well as it was put forward to establish three-dimensional model not only consist of basic scene models and detail scene model base to diversify specific training scenes. Finally, functions of the system was divided into four modules from double angles of teaching staff and trainees respectively, including auxiliary self-learning, human-computer interaction, arrangements for training task, training effect feedback and evaluation. Fire safety inspection three-dimensional simulation training system could be applied to colleges or universities for fire profession teaching, fire brigades and fire safety key units to cultivate fire safety inspectors, and realize practice training everywhere as well as teach, practice, test, assessment with seamless docking.

Effectiveness of using Learning Factories to impart Lean principles in mining employees

An urgent need exists to drive operational excellence in mining operations. Lean philosophy can improve productivity and efficiency when implemented holistically. There is therefore an incentive to build embedded, Lean capability in mining to consistently drive meaningful business results. Learning Factories have been used in other industries to effectively develop this competency at all hierarchical levels. Anglo American has recently developed a training facility in South Africa, using the Learning Factory concept to teach Lean skills to mining employees. This paper presents the results of a study that investigated the effectiveness of using the Learning Factory in this context. The Kirkpatrick model, for evaluating training effectiveness was used as the analytical framework. Results show that the Learning Factory is effective in imparting Lean skills within a short space of time and that all employees can achieve a similar or higher understanding of Lean regardless of their starting point.

In-Water Resisted Swim Training for Age-Group Swimmers: An Evaluation of Training Effects.

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of resisted sprint swim training with that of nonresisted sprint swim training on 50-m freestyle competition time (Vmax50) in age-group swimmers. Twenty-four age-group swimmers (age 10.6-14.9 y) were divided into resisted or nonresisted sprint swim training groups and completed a sprint swim training intervention 2 times per week for 10 weeks. Repeated 10-m sprints with progressively increasing resistance were used to determine measures of swim power. Skeletal muscle mass was estimated using B-mode ultrasound. Maturity status was estimated using predicted adult height (%Htadult) and maturity offset. A 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed no group × time interaction for measured variables. Vmax50 was correlated with skeletal muscle mass and swim power variables, but no significant relationship was found between relative changes in these variables. Estimated maturity status (%Htadult) appeared to be associated with initial measures of swim power and performance variables. Ten weeks of resisted sprint swim training was not any more effective than nonresisted sprint swim training at improving sprint swim performance in age-group swimmers.

Empowering transgender youths: Promoting resilience through a group training program

ABSTRACTThis study presents a training program developed with eight transgender youths who experienced transphobic episodes. Two focus groups were conducted and the 14-Item Resilience Scale was administered to evaluate training effectiveness in improving resilience. The intervention followed an empowerment, peer-group-based methodology. Three themes were identified: identity affirmation, self-acceptance, and group as support. A three-waves repeated measures ANOVA confirmed an increase in resilience levels. Suggestions for clinical practice and social policies are discussed.

The Evaluation of DEMEC Training Program Effectiveness by Using The eQvet-us Model

Evaluation of training effectiveness signifies measuring the improvement in the participant's knowledge, skill and behavior within the organization as a result of the acquired training experience. This measurement helps to match the training design and implementation cost with the associated benefits. Thus, it indicates whether the program has been able to deliver its intended goals and objectives. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of 'The Development of Ecotourism in the Middle East Countries' (DEMEC) training program using the eQvet-us Model. Both objectives and evaluations levels of the model are implemented following the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle (PDCA) in opposite senses. Results expose the training program effectiveness in both levels and in each phase of the PDCA cycle. In the objectives level, the effectiveness of the program building and the alignment between outcomes and contents, performance, knowledge, and motivation are analyzed. In the evaluations level, training impact on participants' reaction, learning, behavior, and results are investigated including: knowledge, skills, and behaviors of ex-participants; training impact on career promotion of ex-participants; training impact on knowledge, skills, and attitudes transfer to fellow colleagues at work; training impact on relationships with local people; and networking with other ex-participants. Finally, this paper sets recommendations to improve the effectiveness of DEMEC training program.

Enhancing adaptive transfer of cross-cultural training: Lessons learned from the broader training literature

Drawing insights from the broader training literature, we argue that evaluation of cross-cultural training effectiveness should adopt comprehensive criteria, including cognitive, skill-based, and affective learning outcomes as well as adaptive transfer. We propose that the integration of an error management supplement in cross-cultural training can enhance trainee acquisition of self-regulation skills and self-efficacy that facilitate adaptive application of learning to novel cultural situations. In addition to the traditional error management training designs (i.e., positive error framing), the current paper describes additional design elements to promote acquisition of cognitive strategies, prevent premature automaticity, alleviate concerns about error occurrence during learning, and enhance readiness to transfer. In addition, we offer propositions regarding the effects of the supplement on learning and transfer outcomes, along with implications for future research and practice on cross-cultural training.

Impact of Ph.D. training: a comprehensive analysis based on a Japanese national doctoral survey

Ph.D. training in academic labs offers the foundation for the production of knowledge workers, indispensable for the modern knowledge-based society. Nonetheless, our understanding on Ph.D. training has been insufficient due to limited access to the inside of academic labs. Furthermore, early careers of Ph.D. graduates are often difficult to follow, which makes the evaluation of training effects challenging. To address these limitations, this study aims to illustrate the settings of Ph.D. training in academic labs and examine their impact on several training outcomes, drawing on a national survey of a cohort of 5000 Ph.D. graduates from Japanese universities. The result suggests that a supervising team structure as well as the frequency of supervision, contingent to a few contextual factors, determine the Ph.D. graduates’ career decisions, performance, and degrees of satisfaction with the training programs.

A COMMUNICATION INTERVENTION TO REDUCE RESISTIVENESS IN DEMENTIA CARE

Background: Nursing home (NH) residents with dementia exhibit challenging behaviors or resistiveness to care (RTC) that increase staff time, stress, and NH costs. RTC is linked to elderspeak communication. Communication training (CHAT) was provided to staff to reduce their use of elderspeak. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that CHAT would improve staff communication and subsequently reduce RTC. Methods: Thirteen NHs were randomized to intervention and control groups. Dyads (n = 42) including 29 staff and 27 persons with dementia (PWD) were videorecorded during care before and/or after the intervention, and at a three month follow-up. Videos were behaviorally coded for 1) staff communication (normal, elderspeak, or silence) and 2) resident behaviors (cooperative or RTC). Linear mixed modeling was used to evaluate training effects. Results: On average elderspeak declined from 34.6% (SD = 18.7) at baseline by 13.6 percentage points (SD = 20.00) post-intervention and 12.2 percentage points (SD=22.0) at 3-month follow-up. RTC declined from 35.7% (SD = 23.2) by 15.3 percentage points (SD = 32.4) post-intervention and 13.4 percentage points (SD=33.7) at 3-months. Linear mixed modeling determined that change in elderspeak was predicted by the intervention (b = -12.20, p = .028) and baseline elderspeak (b = -0.65, p < .001) while RTC change was predicted by elderspeak change (b = 0.43, p < .001); baseline RTC (b = -0.58, p < .001); and covariates. Conclusions: A brief intervention can improve communication and reduce RTC, providing an effective nonpharmacological intervention to manage behavior and improve the quality of dementia care. No adverse events occurred.

Advantages and Obstacles of Applying Physiological Computing in Real World: Lessons Learned from Simulator Based Maritime Training

While simulator based maritime training is widely implemented under international maritime organization (IMO) convention and model courses, troublesome issues such as objective evaluation of training effectiveness remain unsolved. Physiological computing system (PhyCS) refers to an innovative bidirectional human computer interaction which is achieved by monitoring, analysing, and responding to operators’ psychophysiological activities in real-time. With the development of wearable devices, it becomes promising to apply PhyCS, which was considered as a laboratory technology, in real-world scenarios. In our experience utilizing view tracker, portable heart beat sensor, electroencephalogram device, and web-cameras in simulator based maritime training, PhyCS shows potential for advanced applications in operator performance assessment, usability tests, and adaptive training. However, ambulatory working environment, body movement artefact, and model verification are intricate obstacles that constrain its applications in the real world. By examining the advantages and obstacles, this paper aims to develop guidelines to apply PhyCS in the real-world.