Tourism Tourist Research Articles

Determining the Frequency of Discomfort-Related Behaviors Displayed by Horses When Pulling Carriages

The aim was to quantify the frequency of distress and discomfort related behaviors displayed by horses during their carriage pulling activity. The study lasted three months during the 2018 rainy season in Merida, México, using 24 light-morphology (400 ± 50 kg liveweight) horses randomly selected to be observed. All animals were in good body condition and health status. Horses served for tourism tours of five kilometers, being theoretically used for a maximum of six tours per day and having one resting day every three working days. Behavior observations were performed at three points of the carriage tour: at the start point with horses stopped at the middle during carriage pulling activity, at the end with horses stopped. Behaviors chosen corresponded to measurable criteria, for the welfare of working equids according to the World Organization for Animal Health and easy to be observed on field conditions: aberrant vocalization as related to distress or high-level stressors exposure, and nodding, nibbling, limp and hit the floor as related to discomfort or mid to low-level stressors. Frequencies of behaviors were compared between the three points of the tour using a Fisher Exact Test in R Studio software. Horses were tracked from one to six tours performed in different days totaling 66 observed tours. None of the horses had aberrant vocalizations. Seven horses (62.5%) showed zero or one concerning behavior (8 horses), and only a 4.2% (one horse) demonstrated six behaviors. No discomfort behaviors were observed in 60.6% of the tours, with one discomfort behavior noted in 25.7% of the tours, and 1.5% of the tours where five discomfort behaviors were noted. Similar frequencies of behaviors (P>0.05) were found at the start, middle and final points of the tour. Although it was displayed at a low frequency, nodding at the start point was the main behavior observed (19.6% of the 66 tours). This frequency could have been lower if drivers had avoided staying more than 90 minutes in the waiting zones with the animals stopped.

Memorable nature-based tourism experience, place attachment and tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviour

ABSTRACT This study tests a new model for memorable nature-based tourism experiences by examining the effects of novelty, experiencescape, experience co-creation, experience intensification and satisfaction. The study also examines the relationship between memorable nature-based tourism experiences, place attachment and tourists' environmentally responsible behaviour. Data were gathered from tourists who visited a national park within the three months preceding the data collection period (January-March 2021) using an online survey questionnaire distributed through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) in March 2021. This study's main contributions include the expansion of the memorable tourism experience construct and the inclusion of four key variables that influence place attachment in the formation of tourists' memorable nature-based tourism experiences. The relationship between place attachment and tourists' environmentally responsible behaviour was also shown to be significant.

Can cultural tourism resources become a development feature helping rural areas to revitalize the local economy under the epidemic? An exploration of the perspective of attractiveness, satisfaction, and willingness by the revisit of Hakka cultural tourism

Abstract This study aims to analyze the impact of attractiveness, satisfaction, and willingness to revisit in the perception of cultural tourism tourists and whether cultural tourism could be a remedy to revitalize rural economic development under the epidemic, using the Hakka settlement in Hukeng town as a case study. In this study, a mixed research method is applied to collect 670 questionnaires by snowball sampling and used SPSS 26.0 statistical software to conduct basic statistical validation and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PPMCC) validation; the semi-structured is also used semi-structured interviews to collect the opinions of six experts and scholars, and the final results were examined by multivariate validation. The researchers found the following dimensions to be attractive for tourists to experience cultural tourism: rural scenery, heritage museums and cultural goods, low spending, use of media marketing, planning for proper tourism information, and public transportation construction effectiveness. However, there is also a need to improve the current situation of rural tourism transportation and transportation facilities, inject young development manpower, improve the knowledge and skills of the elderly to start their businesses, develop business opportunities, and stabilize prices, and improve the quality and satisfaction of tourists to promote the desire to travel. The higher the attractiveness, the higher the satisfaction, and the stronger the willingness to revisit.

Tourism and gastronomic offers as a product for the local development of the Chone canton, Ecuador

The objective of the research is to design a gastronomic tourist circuit in the Chone Canton, in the province of Manabi, Ecuador. The methodology used to develop the circuit consists of four phases, which begins with the conduction of a market research, with the identification of the supply, demand and competition, obtaining an updated profile of potential customers. In the second phase of work, a situational analysis with an assessment of the tourist and Manabitian gastronomic attractions, in the canton, is carried out. The third phase of work includes the design and description of the gastronomic circuit, the pricing, control activities and monitoring. In the fourth phase different marketing strategies focused on positioning and distribution of the proposed circuit are proposed. Finally, the design and implementation of gastronomic tourist circuit in the Chone canton is a contribution to the enhancement of the values of the Manabitian typical food and a boost in strengthening tourism in the development of new destinations in Ecuador.

An Exploratory Study on Wine Tourism in India with Special Reference to Nashik, Maharashtra

Wine tourism in Maharashtra is steadily growing as a result of many initiatives by wine tourism service providers. Wine tourism in India is growing as a sort of special interest tourism, although being in its infancy compared to its overseas equivalents. Wine tourism began in Maharashtra as a niche form of tourism, with various wineries in Nashik and Pune giving wine tours within their vineyards and wineries. The article includes a brief review of wine tourism as well as an overview of the Indian wine industry, with a focus on the Nashik region of Maharashtra. The study concludes with recommendations for how to create and grow wine tourism circuits in Maharashtra's wine regions. This report also aims to serve as a foundation for future research on wine tourism management in Maharashtra. The goal of this research is to improve the social and economic conditions in the Nasik district. Wine tourists are discreetly more important than other tourists in the Nasik area. This tourism activity grew substantially day by day. This will result in the Nasik district's economic development. Keywords: Wine Tourism in Nashik, Wine Making Process, India’s Napa Valley, Vineyards and Wineries.

A study of the economic growth of African countries: Evidence from Morocco

Subject. We consider the economic growth in Morocco, expressed in terms of Gross Domestic Product. Objectives. The purpose is to perform a comprehensive study of possible impact of the tourism industry and its individual indicators on the economic growth of Morocco. Methods. The study employs methods of correlation and regression analysis, using statistical data of the Ministry of Economy and Finance of the Kingdom of Morocco on the main macroeconomic indicators of the country and its individual industries, and scientific literature on the topic. Results. We identified key variables that have an impact on GDP of Morocco. They include foreign direct investment in tourism, tourist arrivals, tourist spending, and government expenditure on tourism. We developed an econometric model that reflects the relationship between economic growth in Morocco and enables to assess the contribution of foreign direct investment in tourism and international tourist spending to the country's GDP. Conclusions. The developed model helps make informed management decisions in forecasting GDP growth targets.

Street Art Commodification and (An)aesthetic Policies on the Outskirts of Lisbon

In this article, I discuss how street art has become an ally of urban policies molded by the creative city paradigm in marginalized neighborhoods of Lisbon (Portugal). Based on a dense ethnography of a peripheral neighborhood of this Southern European city, I follow the trail left by how public power uses the commodification of street art as an instrument for urban regeneration, touristification, and management of inequalities. The different meanings and interests around this policy are examined in street art festivals and tours, focused on the participation of young people as local guides. This urban policy has changed the negative public image of the neighborhood, with street art being combined with a multicultural experience commodified in guided tours for tourists. However, by ignoring the opinions of the residents on the interventions, this policy follows a top-down approach in which street art aesthetics operate as a device of subjugation and maintenance of the subaltern, beautifying processes of exclusion.

Craft culture revival through a sustainable approach of integrating tourism with craft promotion: case study of Puri, Odisha

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to create optimally located Facilitation Centers on this tourist circuit, evaluated through network analysis, thus creating an effective linkage between tourism and economic activities of the craftsmen who are the custodians of the cultural heritage of Puri.Design/methodology/approachThe craft villages lying in and around this tourist circuit are surveyed to establish socio-economic condition of artisans, significance of the craft and spatial distribution of craft villages and the willingness of artisans to travel closer to the transport spine. Network analysis is used to assess the suitability of Facilitation Center location using travel time and distance as parameters. Finally, the sustainability of the Facilitation Centers is evaluated using a cost-benefit analysis (CBA).FindingsThe Facilitation Centers can be spatially developed at the strategic locations to expand tourist market. This will help in leveraging the economic benefits of tourism to a marginalized rural artisan community by creating a sustainable model.Originality/valueThe focus on festival can help to protect local cultural traditions, develop tourism and promote the economic, social and cultural developments of the destination. Dispersal strategies adopted aim to increase visitors' satisfaction with the product and thus entice them to stay longer in the destination.

AI-enabled technologies to assist Muslim tourists in Halal-friendly tourism

PurposeThis paper aims to present a theoretical account of the connection between artificial intelligence (AI) enabled technologies and Muslim-friendly tourism experiences (MFTX) using the customer experience (CX) theory, reference group theory and theory of tourism consumption systems.Design/methodology/approachA model research design is adopted to build a theoretical framework that predicts relationships between constructs. Critical assessment in tourism and AI literature is used to explore AI-enabled technologies in Halal-friendly tourism.FindingsThe findings of this paper have conceptualised the CX theory for Muslim travellers satisfying their religious needs in Halal-friendly tourism by suggesting a new construct called the MFTX. It also offered a theoretical model for using AI-enabled technologies to improve the MFTX.Originality/valueThis study provides a new theoretical model for using AI-enabled technologies to improve the MFTX. This paper is also expected to provide suggestions for tourism operators and service providers to cater to Muslim tourists’ needs using AI technologies.

Research on the Design of VR Tourism Service System Based on Deep Learning and Emotional Experience

VR tourism has become an important part of mass tourism. With the advent of the “VR +” era and changes in public consumption habits, tourism must integrate VR, AR and other new technological means of high-quality development and innovative transformation and upgrading. Firstly, the concept of VR + tourism is clarified, and then the biggest problem in the current tourism development is the lack of application of new technologies and the lack of professional talents for local needs. For tourism enterprises, service providers, tourists, service facilities and scenarios, and service processes are all key elements in the implementation of emotional experiences. Possible elements of emotional experience in tourism services include designing attractive tourism experience themes, enhancing the experience value of tourism services, displaying experiential tourism tangibles, creating an atmosphere for interactive tourism experiences, and attaching importance to sensory stimulation for tourists.

Sustainable Tourism Destination Image Projection: The Inter-Influences between DMOs and Tourists

With the development of the Web 2.0 era, tourists can freely publish their destination experiences through online travel notes. This enables tourists to become important agents to project tourism destination image (TDI), impacting destination-sustainable development. Previous studies have compared the difference in the images projected by destination management organizations (DMO) and tourists through their published content. However, fewer studies have been done to explore the inter-influences between them on the diachronic process of TDI construction. From the perspective of “circle of representation” this question is researched through a case study of Chiang Mai, Thailand, regarding the market of mainland Chinese tourists. Through interviews and the collection of microblogs from the Thailand National Tourism Bureau and tourists’ travel notes from 2009 to 2021, we found that Chiang Mai has experienced four stages of TDI construction, during which the “Xiao Qingxin” image is evolutionally constructed and formed into the representation circle. The inter-influences between DMO and tourists, as well as the influencing factors in this process, are summarized. Our study supplements a dynamic diachronic analysis of TDI from the constructivism perspective. Relevant management and marketing applications for TDI and destination sustainability in the post-pandemic and Web 2.0 era are also provided.

관광실태조사를 토대로 한 안동시 관광 이미지 개선 연구

The importance of image in tourism has been revealed through many previous studies, but this is only a view of Andong tourism from the tourism supply side, and it is necessary to check whether tourists have the same perception. Therefore, in this study, based on the survey on the actual conditions of tourism for tourists who have visited Andong, the purpose of this study is to find a way to improve the tourism image of Andong.BR As a result of the study, Andong was insufficient to be called a representative historical and cultural tourism destination in Korea. Therefore, in order to induce (potential) tourists to Andong, it is necessary to establish and develop a tourism marketing strategy with a new image improvement as the core.BR First, it is necessary to boldly exclude elements that are not very helpful based on the image of Andong

RESEARCH ON THE TOURIST FLOW FEATURE OF SCENIC AREA BASED ON FRACTAL STATISTICAL MODEL — A CASE OF ZHANGJIAJIE

The purpose is to apply the fractal statistical model to analyze tourist flow feature of scenic area, and promote the effective performance of scenic area. Zhangjiajie scenic area is taken as an example. First, its natural resources characteristics, ecological environment and problems in the development of scenic area are analyzed in detail; moreover, fractal theory and fractal dimension calculation method are elaborated; finally, wavelet transform is proposed to analyze the nonlinear transformation characteristics of tourist flow. The results show that the changes of the high-frequency layer [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] all have cyclical fluctuations in the change of tourist flow. The change range of tourist flow in spring and autumn is relatively large, and the tourist flow in winter is low. Inbound tourism tourist flow has a certain seasonal regularity, with obvious characteristics of low and peak seasons. Wulingyuan scenic spot and Tianmen Mountain scenic spot of Zhangjiajie have three non-scale ranges, which are related to the scale and change of tourist flow. The concentration of inbound tourist flow in the peak season still exists in both scenic spots, and it is more and more serious. Tourist flow of inbound tourists from April to May and from September to October is large, accounting for more than half of the annual tourist flow, while most of the other periods are in the off-season.

Tour-Route-Recommendation Algorithm Based on the Improved AGNES Spatial Clustering and Space-Time Deduction Model

This study designed a tour-route-planning and recommendation algorithm that was based on an improved AGNES spatial clustering and space-time deduction model. First, the improved AGNES tourist attraction spatial clustering algorithm was created. Based on the features and spatial attributes, city tourist attraction clusters were formed, in which the tourist attractions with a high degree of correlation among attributes were gathered into the same cluster. It formed the precondition for searching tourist attractions that would match tourist interests. Using tourist attraction clusters, this study also developed a tourist attraction reachability model that was based on tourist-interest data and geospatial relationships to confirm each tourist attraction’s degree of correlation to tourist interests. A dynamic space-time deduction algorithm that was based on travel time and cost allowances was designed in which the transportation mode, time, and costs were set as the key factors. To verify the proposed algorithm, two control algorithms were chosen and tested against the proposed algorithm. Our results showed that the proposed algorithm had better results for tour-route planning under different transportation modes as compared to the controls. The proposed algorithm not only considered time and cost allowances, but it also considered the shortest traveling distance between tourist attractions. Therefore, the tourist attractions and tour routes that were suggested not only met tourist interests, but they also conformed to the constraint conditions and lowered the overall total costs.

Exploring Tourists’ Intentions to Purchase Homogenous Souvenirs

In the context of people’s gradually rising consumption levels and the urgent need to upgrade the tourism market, the continuous homogenization of tourism souvenirs is beginning to seriously affect the shopping experience of tourism tourists. This study aims to explore how tourists perceive the phenomenon of the homogenization of tourism souvenirs and how this phenomenon affects tourists’ continuous purchase intention. This study constructs a hypothesis model of the relationship among perceived homogeneity, perceived value, and continuous purchase intention based on a perceived value perspective and validates the model using structural equations. These findings are as follows: (1) Tourists’ perceived product homogeneity and perceived service homogeneity have significant negative effects on perceived product value and continuous purchase intention. (2) Perceived service homogeneity has a significant negative effect on tourists’ perceived emotional value. (3) Perceived product value and perceived emotional value have significant positive effects on continuous purchase intention. The study also explores how to enhance tourists’ perceived value through innovative product design and service system construction. The findings can provide valuable insights for promoting the sustainable development of the tourism market and tourists’ continuous purchase intention.

SM-PageRank Algorithm-Based User Interest Model for Mobile Smart Tourism Platform

Smart tourism, also known as smart tourism, actively captures tourism activities, tourists, tourism economy, tourism resources, and other information through mobile Internet and mobile terminal Internet of things devices and emerging technologies such as cloud computing and Internet of things. In order to release the intelligent tourism information in time, let the masses know the information in time, and adjust the work and tourism plan in time, this paper proposes SM-PageRank algorithm and secondary ranking based on user interest model, in order to study the accuracy of tourism information retrieval. The methods used in this paper include the principle of three weighted information fusion algorithms, LBS technology, and the design of intelligent tourism system. The function of information fusion algorithm is to find the global optimal solution for travel routing. LBS technology collects real-time tourism information through some entity sensors. Through information retrieval experiment and fusion technology solution experiment, the results show that the SM-PageRank algorithm and the secondary sorting based on user interest model proposed in this paper improve the average accuracy by 20.1% compared with the traditional algorithm and 2.6% compared with Google search. The Internet of things fusion algorithm gives a line planning set with standard deviation of 0.4 for the set of travel days with standard deviation of 1.92.

An Improved GM(1,1) Model of Marketization of Forest Ecological Compensation based on Health-Cultivation Industry

In the context of supply-side structual reform, the marketization of forest ecological compensation is an inevitable requirement under the market economy. The forest health-cultivation industry, which explores the new method to utilize the forestry resources, is a new direction of forestry firms and is the production of supply-side structural reform. From the perspective of forest health-cultivation industry, this essay explores the possibility of the marketization of forest ecological compensation based on forest health-cultivation industry, and predicts the willingness of people to pay for the ecological service by using the original number of tourists in forestry tourism and leisure industry tourism between 2010 and 2015 and adopting the improved GM (1,1) model. The result shows that people’s willingness is increasing. It is predicted that, by 2023, the number of tourists in forestry tourism and leisure industry tourism will reach 8.98 billion. The development of forest health-cultivation industry has introduced the market mechanism for forestry development, which makes up for the deficiency of the existing compensation mechanism characterized by low compensation standards and single channel of funding. The increase of people’s demand for ecological tourism and the boom of forest health-cultivation industry which provide a new opportunity for the marketization and diversification of forest ecological compensation mechanism.

Aspects regarding the development of tourist potential in Simeria area, Hunedoara county, Romania

At the beginning of the 18th century, begins to take shape, on the left bank of the Mures River, what today is considered by dedicated specialists "a national monument in the art of parks" and at the same time the oldest and most valuable collection of exotic woody plants and autochthonous from Romania, the wonderful Arboretum from Simeria. The geographical position favors the development of tourism, through the diversity of the landscape (dendrological park, hills, Mureș valley, Strei valley), the natural resources are large, possibility of hiking, the capacity of the territory to support several types of tourism; ecotourism can be developed and promoting the local arboretum brand would include the city of Simeria and the area in the tourist circuits. The aristocratic gardens from Banpotoc (located near Simeria) represent the work (over 15 years) of an italian in love with Romania. Giovanni Savatelli created „I Giardini di Zoe” with love for his granddaughter, Zoe, for our country but also from passion for gardening. In order to promote tourism in Simeria area, we must take into account both the natural and anthropogenic potential, besides it is necessary to preserve the traditions and popular habits of the area and develop these resources.

Study on the marketing of rural tourism destination based on the internet perspective

With the rapid development of the rural tourism in China, how to innovate and optimize the marketing mode and successfully achieve the marketing purpose is an urgent problem for the marketing of the rural tourism destination. The rapid development of Internet technology has provided new ideas for rural tourism destination marketing. Based on the analysis of the questionnaire results of rural tourists, this paper has proposed the optimization suggestions of rural tourism destination marketing from the Internet perspective. That is, building the information communication channel between rural tourism destinations and tourists based on the Internet, designing tourism products of the rural tourism destination on the basis of tourist characteristics of tourists and realizing the marketing optimization of rural tourism destinations with the help of Internet technology.

Guidelines for the development of tourism for tourists with different demographic characteristics in Sichon District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province

The purposes of this research were to compare demographic characteristics and motivations of tourists as a push factor and a pull factor, to assess the potential of the tourism components, and to propose guidelines for the development of tourism for tourists with different demographic characteristics in Sichon District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. It was collected information from four hundred Thai tourists who traveled to the tourist attraction in Sichon District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. Then it was analyzed using statistical, descriptive, mean, standard deviation, t-Test One-Way ANOVA interpretation, and qualitative research by Non-participant observation of the five tourism components (5A). It found that the samples with different genders, ages, monthly incomes, and domiciles had different tourism behaviors, but the samples with different marital statuses do not have different tourism behaviors. The main reason for traveling to Sichon District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province was the need for change and self-development, followed by the response to private needs. In terms of pull factors, it found that the samples focused on tourist attractions at a high level, followed by amenities, access, accommodations, and activities were at moderate to high.