Total Power Consumption Research Articles

Optimization of handoff for joint uplink base station association and power control with max‐min fairness in NOMA small‐cell networks

SummaryThe handoff rate and load balancing are two important issues that have a great impact on the spectrum and energy efficiency in the small‐cell networks (SCN). This paper investigates the handoff optimization in SCN with power‐domain non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) that uses successive interference cancelation (SIC), considering the fairness among base stations (BSs). We study the joint base station association and power control problem by considering the motion of mobile users (MUs) and load balancing in the SCNs. Under the maximum allowable transmit power and minimum average‐rate constraints, two optimization problems are formulated using the number of associated MUs, the number of handoffs, and the transmit power of all MUs. The total power consumption minimization and the system‐wide and handoff utility maximization problems are combined into a single‐stage optimization problem through the weighted‐sum method. We solve the formulated problem using a game theory‐based algorithm and primal decomposition theory. The simulation results show that our proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the frequent handoffs and bring a fair power‐controlled BS association in SCN.

Design and Analysis of a High-Gain, Low-Noise, and Low-Power Analog Front End for Electrocardiogram Acquisition in 45 nm Technology Using gm/ID Method

In this work, an analog front-end (AFE) circuit for an electrocardiogram (ECG) detection system has been designed, implemented, and investigated in an industry-standard Cadence simulation framework using an advanced technology node of 45 nm. The AFE consists of an instrumentation amplifier, a Butterworth band-pass filter (with fifth-order low-pass and second-order high-pass sections), and a second-order notch filter—all are based on two-stage, Miller-compensated operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA). The OTAs have been designed employing the gm/ID methodology. Both the pre-layout and post-layout simulation are carried out. The layout consumes an area of 0.00628 mm2 without the resistors and capacitors. Analysis of various simulation results are carried out for the proposed AFE. The circuit demonstrates a post-layout bandwidth of 239 Hz, with a variable gain between 44 and 58 dB, a notch depth of −56.4 dB at 50.1 Hz, a total harmonic distortion (THD) of −59.65 dB (less than 1%), an input-referred noise spectral density of <34 μVrms/Hz at the pass-band, a dynamic range of 52.71 dB, and a total power consumption of 10.88 μW with a supply of ±0.6 V. Hence, the AFE exhibits the promise of high-quality signal acquisition capability required for portable ECG detection systems in modern healthcare.

Industrial Park low-carbon energy system planning framework: Heat pump based energy conjugation between industry and buildings

The accelerating urbanization, rapid industrial development, and excessive consumption of fossil fuels pose survival challenges such as energy depletion and environmental degradation for humanity. In the context of industrial park development, constructing a low-carbon energy system, increasing the proportion of renewable energy, enhancing energy-level matching, and utilizing heat pumps for deep waste heat recovery are effective approaches to reduce fossil energy consumption and alleviate environmental pressures. Addressing issues such as diverse thermal flows in industrial sites, complex electricity-heat-cooling energy demands, and unclear industrial-building energy coupling mechanisms, this paper proposes a two-stage planning framework, comprising the following five steps: (1) constructing a waste heat utilization system centered around heat pumps, (2) establishing a mechanism for matching heat sources, equipment, and thermal sinks, (3) establishing an energy conversion model and energy quality quantification system, (4) optimizing waste heat utilization path allocation, and (5) conducting a system energy flow analysis. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed system achieves optimized matching of multiple heat sources and sinks in industrial and building scenarios through thermal integration, meeting diverse energy demands in the park, including electricity, cooling, and multi-grade heat. After coupling with traditional steam pipeline networks, the annual total cost and annual steam power consumption decrease by 33% and 39% respectively, with a waste heat contribution rate of up to 26% and a renewable energy penetration rate of up to 25%, and a waste heat recovery system payback period of 6 years. By establishing an energy quality quantification system and conducting multi-objective optimization considering losses and economic costs, this paper provides Pareto frontier solutions, offering references for engineering proposals. The proposed networked waste heat recovery system is characterized by low energy consumption and high economic efficiency, effectively integrating the energy characteristics of industrial parks and demonstrating engineering applicability.

Effect of cutting process using cutting insert of grade UTi20T

In the metal-cutting industry, the precision of the metal-cutting process is of paramount importance. Errors in the metal-cutting process not only lead to damage to the cutting tool but also result in the production of low-quality materials. The incorporation of insert materials in the cutting process is aimed at maintaining cutting precision and achieving superior results. This research seeks to investigate the impact of the cutting process utilizing grade KC5410 cutting insert under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) Conditions. In this study, machining tests were conducted using the ALPHA 1350S 2-axis computer numerical control (CNC) lathe machine under MQL conditions, employing cutting tool inserts UTi20T supplied by Mitsubishi. Two types of tools were utilized in the cutting process, namely UTi20T. Critical aspects such as cutting force, total power consumption, surface roughness, and tool life were analyzed to provide comprehensive insights into the efficiency of the cutting process. The findings of this study significantly contribute to the understanding of how the integration of Grade KC5410 cutting inserts under MQL conditions can enhance the overall efficiency of metal-cutting operations. The successful machinability assessment was conducted by implementing sustainable machining practices.

Study on thermal analysis simulation and test of propellant refueling process for optical module

Propellant refueling is important for long-term operation of the optical module in orbit. However, its thermal environment is harsher than on previous missions. Therefore, thermal control of the entire process is required. In order to solve the complex heat transfer of propellant refueling process, an integrated thermal model is established, which includes all the equipment such as the compressor, liquid cooler and loop heat pipe. The thermal analysis simulation and system-level thermal tests is presented. Firstly, the heat transfer relationship and temperature variation are analyzed by comparing the results of transient thermal analysis and thermal test in high and low temperature conditions. Then, a variable thermal conductivity simulation method is studied for the transient process from inoperative to operative of the vertical heat pipe due to gravitational factors in the thermal test. Finally, an optimized design scheme for high temperature refueling is proposed and pre-demonstrated in orbit. The results indicate that the transient simulation results are in a good agreement with the test results under the high and low temperatures, which verifies the accuracy and validity of the analysis method and simulation model. When preheating the compressor and starting two sets of loop heat pipes during on-orbit refueling, the maximum temperature of compressor is below 34.1°C, and the total power consumption of preheating is 50 Wh, which meet the design requirement. The investigation provides an important reference for designing the propellant refueling process in the docking of the optical module to the China Space Station (CSS).

Sustainable and green removal of arsenic from crude tin via vacuum gasification–directional condensation

In the realm of high–tech industries, Sn has emerged as an indispensable strategic metal. However, the pyrometallurgical refining process of crude Sn is marred by the production of a substantial amount of hazardous solid waste, notably As–Al slag, posing a direct threat to the ecological safety of the production areas. This study delineates a novel process for the removal of As from crude Sn, employing vacuum gasification–directional condensation, corroborated by theoretical calculations and laboratory experimental research. Theoretically, at a system pressure ranging from 1–10 Pa, the initial volatilization temperatures of Sn and As exhibit significant variance. However, the formation of intermetallic compounds can induce Sn volatilization. Experimentally, the condensation temperature for As was predominantly within 331.7–484.7 K. During the vacuum gasification–directional condensation process, the presence of Sn4As3 intermetallic compounds impeded As volatilization. And under optimal conditions, the As content in the Sn product was recorded at 0.0053 %. Inspired from the calculations, a multistage vacuum distillation method was successfully proposed and achieved to remove As from crude tin. Typically, the total material recovery rate is 99.96 %, and the direct rate of Sn is 93.02 %. The total power consumption and emission of this process are better than the corresponding parameters of other treatment processes, which is a promising solution for the cleaning and effective removal of As.

Innovative claw rotor design for claw vacuum pump and its power consumption analysis

The claw vacuum pump is extensively utilized in semiconductor, photovoltaic and aerospace industries because of its dry oil-free and compact structure. In order to reduce the power consumption of the claw vacuum pump caused by its special mixing process during operation, a novel pair of claw rotors was proposed. This innovation involves replacing the conventional circular arc at the dedendum of the claw rotors with an eccentric circular arc. A geometric model of the novel claw rotor was established, and the geometric characteristics of both the novel and conventional claw rotors were compared. Subsequently, the optimal design parameters were determined. The pressure distribution and power consumption of two claw vacuum pumps were analyzed with numerical simulations. Study results indicates that the power consumption of the proposed claw vacuum pump in the mixing process is reduced by 72.3 %, and the total power consumption is reduced by 12.6 % compared to the conventional pump. The study is of great significance for reducing power consumption of the claw vacuum pumps and improving application.

An integrated optimization method to task scheduling and VM placement for green datacenters

In the realm of cloud computing, effective resource allocation can significantly enhance the energy efficiency of datacenters. Task scheduling and Virtual Machine Placement (VMP) are two pivotal aspects of resource allocation. However, in current research, they are often treated separately, overlooking the potential for integrated optimization. In this paper, we propose an integrated solution for task scheduling and VMP in energy-efficient datacenters, based on queueing theory and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) methods. This novel and comprehensive approach provides an alternative perspective for resource scheduling strategies in datacenters. We construct a queueing theory model for task scheduling, aiming to minimize the number of VMs that need to be instantiated, while ensuring that Service Level Agreement (SLA) violation remains at a low level. Furthermore, we design a VMP algorithm based on DRL for real-time selection of Physical Hosts (PHs) for deploying VMs. Finally, we conduct a simulation evaluation using a small-scale datacenter. The experimental results demonstrate that our method consistently ensures a lower rate of SLA violation. Compared to existing algorithms, the DRL-based VMP algorithm enables a more balanced utilization of the various resources in the PHs and reduces the total power consumption of the datacenter by more than 10% on average.

Design of Mixed-Mode Analog PID Controller with CFOAs.

The design of a mixed-mode proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller circuit using current-feedback operational amplifiers (CFOAs) as active components is proposed. With the same circuit topology, the proposed configuration of three CFOAs, four resistors, and two capacitors is capable of performing the PID controller in each of the following four modes: voltage mode, trans-admittance mode, current mode, and trans-impedance mode. Numerous mathematical analyses are conducted to determine the controller's performance under both ideal and non-ideal conditions. Additionally, the mixed-mode second-order lowpass filter is suggested and also used to examine the workability of the proposed mixed-mode PID controller in a feedback control structure. The proposed PID controller is implemented with the commercially available IC-type CFOA AD844, and the simulation results are presented to illustrate the functionality of the controller and its closed-loop control system. According to the findings, the total power consumption of the proposed PID controller is 0.348 W, with symmetrical supply voltages of ±9 V. It also has a temperature variation of less than 0.2% over the AD844's usable range. Monte Carlo statistical analysis results revealed that the gain responses of the controller exhibited a deviation of no more than 7.72% from the theoretical value. The controlled filter in a closed-loop control system has a 43% faster rise time and peak time than the uncontrolled filter in all four modes of operation. It also has a steady-state error less than 0.2 mV for voltage responses and 0.72 µA for current responses.

A 22-mW 0.9-2-GHz mixer-first receiver 8-phase overlap-suppressed 1/4 duty cycle LO for harmonic rejection

This paper presents a mixer-first wideband receiver front-end designed to achieve high linearity and harmonic rejection while minimizing power consumption. The proposed RF front-end adopts LO overlap suppression technology and uses 25 % duty cycle LO for 8-phase operation. In addition, the passive mixer with implicit capacitive stacking provides passive gain to the useful signal and improves harmonic rejection. The total power consumption of this work is less than 22 mW, the majority of which is consumed by the baseband amplifier and buffer, making it superior to existing active harmonic suppression RF front-ends in terms of low power consumption. The receiver is designed in TSMC 65-nm technology with an active area of 0.44 mm2 and is suitable for various communication standards from 0.9 GHz to 2 GHz. Post-layout simulation results show that < −15 dB S11, 16.7-dBm OOB-IIP3@80 MHz, 3.7–6.7 dB DSB-NF, 46.4–49.5 dB total system voltage gain and HRR3 of 35.4–42 dB are achieved. No active components are required for harmonic recombination.

Influence of ceramic waste powder on shear performance of environmentally friendly reinforced concrete beams

This investigation considered the usability of ceramic waste powder (CWP) in altered quantities in reinforced concrete beams (RCBs). In this way, it was aimed to reduce the environmental impacts of concrete by using CWP as a raw material in RCBs. 12 small-scale shear RCBs with the dimensions of 100 × 150 × 1000 mm were tested in this study. The variations of stirrups spacing and CWP ratio were examined in these specimens. The percentages of CWP by weight utilized in RCBs were 10%, 20%, and 30%, and stirrups spacings were adopted as 270 mm, 200 mm, and 160 mm. At the end of the study, it was determined that more than 10% CWP additive negatively affected the RCBs' compressive strength. The load-carrying capacity reduced between 30.3% and 59.4% when CWP increased from 0% to 30% as compared to RCB with stirrups spacing of 270 mm without CWP. However, compared to RCB with stirrups spacings of 200 mm and 160 mm without CWP, there were decreases in the load-carrying capacity as 21.4%–54.3% and 18.6%–54.6%, respectively. While the CWP ratio increased, the specimens with 160 mm, 200 mm, and 270 mm stirrups spacings obtained a lower maximum load value. However, with the increase of the CWP ratio in the specimens with 160 mm stirrups spacing, RCBs reached the maximum load-carrying capacity at an earlier displacement value. When stirrups spacing was selected as 270 mm, it was observed that the maximum load-carrying capacity of RCBs reached at a similar displacement value as the CWP ratio increased. Besides, it was resulted that the bending stiffness of RCBs reduced as the quantity of CWP enhanced. The bending stiffness decreased by 29.1% to 66.4% in the specimens with 270 mm stirrups spacing, 36.3% to 20.2% with 200 mm stirrups spacing, and 10.3% to 36.9% with 160 mm stirrups spacing. As an implication of the experiments, the use of CWP up to 10% in RCBs was realized as an economical and environmental approach and is suggested. There is some evidence to report that making use of CWP may be considered to be ecologically benign. This is due to the fact that reusing CWP may significantly reduce CO2 emissions, save energy, and reduce total power consumption. Furthermore, the experimental results were compared to the analytical calculations.

Energy-Efficient Resource Optimization for IRS-Assisted VLC-Enabled Offshore Communication System

In this paper, a downlink energy efficiency maximization problem is investigated in an intelligent reflective surface (IRS)-assisted visible light communication system. In order to extend wireless communication coverage of the onshore base station, an IRS mounted on a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is introduced to assist an onshore lighthouse with simultaneously providing remote ship users wireless communication services and illumination. Aiming to maximizing the energy efficiency of the proposed system, a resource allocation problem is formulated as the ratio of the achievable system sum rate to the total power consumption under the constraints of the user’s data requirement and transmit power budget. Due to the non-convexity of the proposed problem, the Dinkelbach method and mean-square error (MSE) method are adopted to turn the non-convex origin problem into two equivalent problems, namely transmit beamforming and reflected phase shifting. The Lagrangian method and semidefinite relaxation technique are used to obtain the closed-form solutions of these two subproblems. Accordingly, an alternative optimization-based resource allocation scheme is proposed to obtain the optimal system energy efficiency. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better in terms of energy efficiency over benchmark schemes.

Optimizing resource allocation in UAV-assisted ultra-dense networks for enhanced performance and security

The deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in ultra-dense networks (UNDs) has significantly advanced network capabilities in 5G/6G environments, addressing coverage enhancement and security concerns. Our research presents a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based approach designed to manage the increasing data traffic demands and limited communication resources in UAV-assisted UNDs. Traditional DRL methodologies often struggle with challenges like low sample efficiency and energy wastage, which can indirectly impact network security and stability. To address these concerns, we introduce the Stabilizing Transformers based Potential Driven Reinforcement Learning (STPD-RL) framework. STPD-RL optimizes critical network operations such as transmission link selection and power allocation, directly contributing to improved energy efficiency and robust network performance. Initially, we have refined the potential driven experience replay and implemented it into resource allocation in UAV-assisted UDN for the inaugural time. By assigning a potential energy function to each state in experience replay, users can employ intrinsic state supervision to learn from a spectrum of good and bad experiences. Subsequently, we have employed stabilizing transformers to hasten the learning trajectory for resource allocation policies, thereby enhancing the stability of model training. Furthermore, we have integrated potential driven experience replay and stabilizing transformers within the Proximal Policy Optimization algorithm, thus formulating our uniquely tailored STPD-PPO. In simulations with many users and base stations, STPD-PPO outperformed traditional PPO in metrics such as entropy loss, policy loss, and value loss. Results suggest that our STPD-PPO surpasses traditional DRL algorithms in several respects, including convergence rate, energy efficiency, total power consumption, and exploration capacity.

Thermodynamic and exergetic evaluation of CO2 liquefaction for ship transport

CO2 liquefaction is significant to ensure CO2 transport safety and improve efficiency. Aiming at the temperature and pressure required for ship transport, this paper examines four liquefaction schemes including the compression refrigeration system, the Linde Hampson system, the precooled Linde Hampson system and the Claude system. The thermodynamic and exergetic ananlysis models are established primarily and total power consumption, liquefaction efficiency as well as exergy efficiency of the four systems are calculated and compared. The precooled Linde Hampson system shows the best performance with the three indicators of 391.74 kJ/kg, 97.97 % and 55.86 %, respectively. Additionally, exergy destruction among the system components are analyzed for Linde Hampson system and precooled Linde Hampson system. The maximum exergy destruction stem is from compressors. Another thing to note is that the proportion of the total exergy destruction with Joule-Thomson (J-T) valves are 19.38 % and 2.63 %, respectively. Furthermore, the replacement of the J-T valve by a liquid expander allowed for 9.35 % and 0.94 % electric power saving for the two systems, respectively. The pressure drop before and after the J-T valve directly determines the effect of this change. The research results could provide some vital reference for choosing proper CO2 liquefaction methods and reducing energy consumption during the process.

Design of a very low power 12 bits, 40 MS/s ADC based on a time-interleaved SAR architecture

The paper describes a new figure of merit reachable in terms of very low power dissipation for a 12 bit, 40 MS/s Analog to Digital Converter in a 65 nm CMOS process with 1 V power supply. A differential time interleaved successive approximations register architecture is used. Each individual ADC channel is optimized with regard to power consumption hence interleaving 28 ADC channels in an analog memory like method, the total power consumption is only 280 μW including all the reference voltage drivers, the clock management and the digital sections. The total layout area of this converter is 0.87 mm2.

Development of an Integrated CMUTs-Based Resonant Biosensor for Label-Free Detection of DNA with Improved Selectivity by Ethylene-Glycol Alkanethiols

Gravimetric resonant-inspired biosensors have attracted increasing attention in industrial and point-of-care applications, enabling label-free detection of biomarkers such as DNA and antibodies. Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) are promising tools for developing miniaturized high-performance biosensing complementary metal–oxide–silicon (CMOS) platforms. However, their operability is limited by inefficient functionalization, aggregation, crosstalk in the buffer, and the requirement for an external high-voltage (HV) power supply. In this study, we aimed to propose a CMUTs-based resonant biosensor integrated with a CMOS front–end interface coupled with ethylene–glycol alkanethiols to detect single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides with large specificity. The topography of the functionalized surface was characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Improved selectivity for on-chip hybridization was demonstrated by comparing complementary and non-complementary single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides using fluorescence imaging technology. The sensor array was further characterized using a five-element lumped equivalent model. The 4 mm2 application-specific integrated circuit chip was designed and developed through 0.18 μm HV bipolar-CMOS-double diffused metal–oxide–silicon (DMOS) technology (BCD) to generate on-chip 20 V HV boosting and to track feedback frequency under a standard 1.8 V supply, with a total power consumption of 3.8 mW in a continuous mode. The measured results indicated a detection sensitivity of 7.943 × 10−3 μmol∙L−1∙Hz−1 over a concentration range of 1 to 100 μmol∙L−1. In conclusion, the label-free biosensing of DNA under dry conditions was successfully demonstrated using a microfabricated CMUT array with a 2 MHz frequency on CMOS electronics with an internal HV supplier. Moreover, ethylene–glycol alkanethiols successfully deposited self-assembled monolayers on aluminum electrodes, which has never been attempted thus far on CMUTs, to enhance the selectivity of bio-functionalization. The findings of this study indicate the possibility of full-on-chip DNA biosensing with CMUTs.

Monitoring Energy Flows for Efficient Electricity Control in Low-Voltage Smart Grids

Modern low-voltage distribution lines, especially those linked with renewable energy sources, face technical hurdles like unaccounted and illegal electricity use, increased power losses, voltage control issues, and overheating. Tackling these challenges effectively requires continuously monitoring power flows and identifying problematic network spots. This study introduces a method involving ongoing energy flow monitoring from distribution transformers and other sources to end-users through auxiliary facilities. The algorithm seamlessly integrates with consumers’ existing smart power meters and supporting infrastructure, eliminating the need for extra equipment or data. Deployed in several distribution networks totaling about 40 GWh/year over two years, this diagnostic system showed promising results. It notably cut total power consumption by around 6% by detecting and mitigating illegal energy waste and addressing technical issues. Additionally, it reduced technical personnel involvement in operational tasks by approximately twentyfold, significantly enhancing network profitability overall.

Parameter Optimization of a Conveying and Separating Device Based on a Five-Stage Screw and Vibrating Screen for Tiger Nut Harvesters

To tackle problems such as the difficult separation from sand and the high power consumption of tiger nut harvesting in the sandy areas of Xinjiang, a conveying and separating device for tiger nut harvesters was designed. The axial and radial migrations of materials under screw action and the separation process of materials under vibratory action were analyzed dynamically. A simulation analysis was carried out on the conveying and separating process based on EDEM software. The migration trajectories of tiger nuts and sand particles were extracted, the displacement variations of sand particles on the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis were analyzed in the action area of the screen-cleaning spike teeth and the screw action area, respectively, and the conveying and separation law of the tiger nut harvest mixture was clarified. With key parameters such as the screw velocity ratio, amplitude, vibration frequency, and machine operation velocity as test factors, and with the sand removal rate, crushing rate, and power consumption as test evaluation indicators, a four-factor, five-level orthogonal central composite test design was implemented. The test results were analyzed via the regression variance analysis method, and relation models between variable factors and evaluation indicators were constructed. The test results show that under the combined conditions of a screw velocity ratio of 0.88, an amplitude of 4.7 mm, a vibration frequency of 7.5 Hz, and a machine operation velocity of 0.92 km/h, the sand removal rate is 90.40%, the crushing rate is 1.66%, and the power consumption is 2.24 kW in theory. The optimized results were verified by tests. The sand removal rate was 88.92%, the crushing rate was 1.71%, the total power consumption was 2.29 kW, and the errors from the predicted values were 1.6%, 3.0%, and 2.2%, respectively, meeting the requirements for tiger nut harvesting conveyance and separation. This research can provide support for the development of technology and equipment for mechanized harvesting of tiger nuts in the sandy areas of Xinjiang.

Smart Cultivation System: Innovation Concept for Designing a Modern and Automatic Shrimp Farming Technology System Powered by Renewable Energy

The research presents a comprehensive exploration of energy calculations and pond design for smart cultivation systems, with a focus on shrimp ponds. Through interviews and analysis, the energy consumption of various components such as lights, waterwheels, and pumps was determined, leading to the calculation of total power consumption and the specification of necessary equipment like inverters, batteries, and solar panels. Furthermore, the study proposes the integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, into the pond system, enhancing sustainability and reducing environmental impact. The incorporation of IoT technology facilitates real-time energy monitoring and optimization. Additionally, innovative solutions like water filtration systems and solar-powered automatic feeders are introduced to improve water quality and feeding efficiency, respectively. The application of microcontroller-based solar street lighting enhances energy efficiency and maintenance ease. A SWOT analysis underscores the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the proposed smart cultivation system, emphasizing its potential for energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, and long-term cost savings despite challenges such as weather dependence and technological limitations. Overall, the research underscores the feasibility and benefits of integrating renewable energy and modern technology in shrimp pond management for sustainable and efficient aquaculture practices.

A highly efficient, low-carbon CCHP system and its comprehensive optimization for an integrated medical and nursing complex

As the global population ages, the demands imposed by medical treatment and care for the elderly are becoming increasingly pressing. To reduce energy consumption and systemic defects in the process of integrating medical treatment and care for the elderly, the authors of this study designed a highly efficient, flexible and low-carbon combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system for the integration of medical and nursing complexes by using a multi-level model of optimization. The complex was modeled in DeST software to obtain the cooling and heating loads, and the general algebraic modeling system software and mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) were used for the collaborative optimization of the choice of equipment, capacity allocation, and operational strategy. The results showed that the proposed system could reduce the total consumption of electric power by 40.95 % when a semiconductor wall was installed on floors 8–12 of the complex for elderly care. The energy management strategy of the system was also optimized by using the vehicle-to-building subsystem in a novel wind–solar–storage and heat pump-based combined cooling, heating, and power system. The rates of reduction in emissions of CO2 and NOx, and the rate of reduction in primary energy consumption of the Wind–Solar–Storage and Heat Pump (WSSH)–CCHP system were 96.5 %, 99.1 %, and 95.6 %, respectively. Finally, the heat pump-assisted liquid-gap membrane distillation (HP-LGMD) subsystem were optimized in MATLAB. The resulting gained output ratio, flux, thermal efficiency of the system, and energy consumed for water production were 0.0269, 4.22 kg/m2, 17.07 %, and 46.88 %, respectively. The proposed system is highly energy efficient, is capable of economical scheduling, and can use energy cascading, which provides guidance on sustainable development of environment and energy.