Agricultural machinery has a special influence. Nowadays, the state of the material and technical base of the agribusiness is a deterrent to technological modernization. Over the past 20 years, the machine-tractor park and energy supply have decreased more than 2.5 times. The current direction of sustainable development for agriculture is modernization of the technological sphere of production. On the example of Lipetsk region, the article considers the current condition of the crop production industry, identifies agricultural culture, which has priority cultivation in the region and considers the dynamics of the number of agricultural machineries in the region. In order to determine the role of agricultural machinery on grain yield, we have determined quantitative changes in the dependence of grain yield on the factors providing it by means of correlation and regression analysis, after which a close link has been revealed between the availability of agricultural machinery and yield. After the analysis, there were proposed the current directions of reproduction of the material and technical base of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Lipets region, exactly, the creation of machine and technological stations to provide small and medium-sized agricultural producers with equipment for cultivation of crops, which would help them to process the available land area in a timely manner. Support from the State is a special role in reproducing the material and technical base of the agro-industrial complex. It is worth noting that currently the existing benefits and subsidies allocated to support agriculture are more applicable for large agro-industrial complexes, thus small and medium-sized agricultural producers are left without appropriate support. It is important to ensure a system of state support in such way that is taken into account the proportionality of this support among large, medium and small agricultural producers.