Competitive Technology Research Articles

РОЛЬ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО МЫШЛЕНИЯ В РАЗВИТИИ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ КАЧЕСТВ СТУДЕНТОВ

The XXI century is the era of the knowledge economy. Its appearance has led to the fact that higher education in Russia has faced unprecedented opportunities and challenges. The knowledge economy is an economy that relies mainly on knowledge innovation and the widespread dissemination of knowledge and uses intellectual resources to create wealth. Innovation is her soul, and the key to innovation is talent. Whether it’s knowledge innovation or technological innovation, whether it’s economic competition or technological competition, ultimately it still depends on a large number of high-quality innovative talents. Based on this, this article examines the possibilities of higher education and the problems of innovative education at universities in the era of information technology.

The Impact of Emerging Technologies in the Aviation Manufacturing Industry: A Case Study of the Gradual-Change Factors in Shaanxi, PR China

As China’s economy becomes more robust, the government has emphasized the need to increase the civil aviation industry’s rapid development and reduce civil aviation’s technological gap compared to other advanced aircraft manufacturers. The use of the appropriate technologies in the aviation industry can help achieve the government’s plan of creating more jobs and increasing its revenue through the civil aviation industry. However, emerging technologies’ uncertainty and dynamic nature have led to significant challenges when these technologies are applied to the aviation manufacturing industry. This article applies the principles and methods of system dynamics based on the gradual-change factors of emerging technologies as identified through expert interviews to construct conceptual models depicting the gradual-change of emerging technologies in the aviation manufacturing field. Historical data from Shaanxi province were used to simulate and analyze the gradual development of emerging technologies. An analysis of the simulation results revealed that the rapid growth of competitive technologies in the growth process inhibits the gradual-change of emerging technologies. Also, increasing enterprise innovation capabilities, market demand expansion, and technology optimization significantly promote emerging technologies’ development and application. Furthermore, the research result shows that competitive products and technologies influence the gradual development of emerging technologies. Finally, the results indicate that the civil aviation industry should optimize the performance and function of emerging technologies during the early development stage instead of at the market application stage.

Strategizing a Logistics Framework for Organizational Transformation: A Technological Perspective

Logistics’ providers operate in a volatile environment amid uncertain demand patterns, complex movements, and ambiguous decisions corresponding to the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) scenario. Such a scenario demands companies to rely on emerging technologies for flawless logistics’ operations in the VUCA world. Keeping this in mind, in this article, we focus on leveraging emerging technologies for logistics competitiveness in the VUCA world. An extant literature review on logistics and emerging technology articles was done through a systematic literature review, followed by content analysis. The study uses scientific databases, such as Scopus, ABI/INFORM, and Web of Science, to gather works published from 1992 to 2022, resulting in 77 articles. The study found key facets related to logistics in the VUCA world through text mining, leading to a unique framework based on the VUCA world and technologies known as VUCAT. Furthermore, VUCAT motivates logistics’ providers to digitalize their operations and provides insights for day-to-day activities. Furthermore, the study proposes an implementation framework for VUCAT with an economic value determination for organization transformation in the VUCA world.

Інноваційний розвиток бізнес-структур

The study is aimed at creating scientifically based approaches to understanding and analyzing innovations in business structures, which contributes to the further development of this important field and will help solve the problem of the lack of a comprehensive understanding of these processes. The aim of the article is to carry out a critical analysis of domestic and foreign literature to systematize and summarize the available data. The article systematizes, according to the results of the carried out study, approaches to the definition of innovative development through the improvement of business processes, the use of new technologies and system innovations. The practical bases for this is that the importance of new technologies for business efficiency and competitiveness has increased, and system innovation has become essential for adapting to a changing environment. The carried out study improves the conceptual and categorical apparatus and offers its own definition of innovative development of business structures. The study shows that the concept of innovative development of business structures can be considered from different points of view. This includes improving business processes, using the latest technology, and applying system solutions. The proposed own definition of innovative development of business structures emphasizes that this is a complex and complex process. This process involves continuous improvement of business processes in order to improve the quality of products, services and activities. To achieve this, it is necessary to actively use the latest technologies, develop and implement new products and services. In addition, innovative development implies a willingness to adapt to changing market conditions and needs. Thus, the innovative development of business structures is recognized as multiaspectual and inseparable from the process of continuous improvement and growth in the modern economic environment. The practical significance of this study is manifested in the improvement of the theoretical approach to the creation of innovative development strategies for enterprises.

Research on Fine Cost Control of Civil Engineering Works Supported by Building Information Modeling

Abstract The problems of cost control in the development process of the construction industry are endless, and cost control, as a core task in the process of project management, has a decisive role in the realization of project economic benefits. This paper combines the DEMATEL method and WBS work breakdown structure to screen and decompose the factors affecting cost under the cost control theory. Then, BIM5D technology is introduced to construct a refined cost control model based on the combination of the earned value method and BIM technology, in which the BIM-5D model can become its grassroots database and combined with the earned value method to provide the basic data for cost monitoring, cost early warning, cost correction and cost prediction, to realize an effective and refined control of costs. The case study shows that enterprise infrastructure, human resource management, internal logistics, procurement and bidding, cooperative and competitive relationships, technology development, project construction, completion and acceptance, and subsequent maintenance services all affect civil engineering costs. The control method can effectively control the construction progress and cost status, can play a good effect on the schedule-cost synergistic control, and provide support for the project management decisions of the constructor in the construction stage.

МАРКЕТИНГОВЫЕ КОММУНИКАЦИИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ

In modern conditions marketing and communication processes of interaction with consumers should be based on fundamentally new ideas, ingenuity and creativity, maximum individual, personal approach to the buyer, as well as interactive information technologies. This can be achieved by multimedia technologies. In a highly competitive business environment multimedia technologies are used everywhere. According to marketing scientists, they are now an indicator to assess the company’s approach to its own activities. The absence of multimedia in the work of the firm can indicate that the company lives yesterday.

Research on the Present Situation and Countermeasures of Technoloy Trading in China Based on Technology Contract Analysis-Take pudong new area, Shanghai as an example

Abstract Technology trading is the main path for the transformation of scientific and technological, and it can connect the integration of science and technology with the economy. It plays an important role in the scientific and technological innovation chain. This article mainly focuses on the current situation of technology contract in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, analyzes the difficulties and problems faced in the development of the technology market in the new area, and puts forward policy suggestions to promote the development of the technology trading market. In order to promote the efficiency of Pudong's scientific and technological transformation, enhance the technological competitiveness of enterprises, accelerate the in-depth integration of science and technology with industry, and strengthen the ability of regional independent innovation.

Identifying the Development Trends and Technological Competition Situations for Digital Twin: A Bibliometric Overview and Patent Landscape Analysis

Identifying the Development Trends and Technological Competition Situations for Digital Twin: A Bibliometric Overview and Patent Landscape Analysis

Գեղարվեստական կրթության դրվածքը և զարգացման միտումները արդի հանրակրթության համակարգում / Place and Development Trends of Art Education in Modern General Education System

Currently, countries are competing not only in military capabilities but also in the effectiveness of their educational systems, which are essential for national development and strength. Conflicts between nations have become arenas for technological competition, with artificial intelligence now a reality that presents both opportunities and risks for humanity. As a result, educational systems must adapt to economic changes. At first glance, art education might seem less important in such conditions. However, developed countries like Germany and Japan have recognized that during conflicts and crises, it is crucial to preserve and promote national educational culture. It is important to understand that at the core of many conflicts lies a struggle for cultural dominance, including educational cultures. In this context, the content of the new state educational standard could be a turning point for the development of aesthetic upbringing and art education within general education. For decades, education organizers and professionals have struggled to establish a unified system of art education in public schools.

Сутність і значення еко-інновацій у циркулярній економіці

The article is devoted to the consideration of the main provisions and substantiation of the essence of eco-innovations as the main competitive advantage in a closed-loop economy. In the course of the study, the authors consider the features of the development of eco-innovations, taking into account the features of a closed-loop/circular economy. The paper describes the genesis of the concepts of «innovation» and «eco-innovation» in scientific literature and regulations – both international and national. The study is supplemented by an analysis of the domestic legislative field. When synthesizing the existing definitions of the essence of the category of «eco-innovation», two essential approaches (as process and as product) have been identified for the first time. The erroneous interpretation of the essence of «eco-innovation» as process under the condition of the simultaneous existence of the category of «innovation process» has been proved. A theoretical distinction is made and the cause-and-effect relationships between the concepts of «innovation process» and «eco-innovation» are studied, the results of which are presented graphically. The authors propose their own definition of the concept of «eco-innovations» (which does not contradict the norms of the current legislation) within the framework of the essential approach «as product» of newly created (applied) and (or) improved competitive technologies, products or services, as well as organizational and technical solutions of production, administrative, commercial or other nature, created by the company itself or other external structures in order to reduce or prevent eco-destructive impact on environment throughout its life cycle, while ensuring the profitability of economic activity. The classification of «eco-innovations» is considered; technological, organizational, social, and institutional innovations are allocated, and the essence and features of each of the subordinate types are described. Two modern ecosystems – open and closed-loop – are characterized, their distinctive features are presented. The expediency and necessity of production and implementation of eco-innovations for economic entities and the State are substantiated.

Electroreductive upgradation of biomass into high-value chemicals and energy-intensive biofuels

Recent advances in electroreductive upgradation of biomass to high-value chemicals and energy-intensive biofuels via various transformation routes are showcased.

OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING METHODS IN THE FUNCTION OF STRATEGIC FINANCIAL PLANNING

Today’s business environment is characterized by globalization, increased competition and new technology, which means that modern companies need different information. The information provided by traditional management accounting is no longer sufficient, because it does not provide all the necessary information about the external environment and non-financial factors that are of key importance for strategic financial planning.

Blockchain and fintech technologies in the digital space of financial and industrial companies

The relevance of the article lies in examining the functional relationship between blockchain and fintech technologies in the innovative digital space of financial and industrial companies. The research aims to investigate the directions for the development of large integrated systems of financial and industrial capital, based on the principles of intensive production. The research methodology included the following methods: analytical (literature review, quantitative analysis), methods of comparison, generalization, and systematization. In particular, quantitative analysis was applied to calculate the index of digital cyber protection, which serves as an indicator and summarizes the safe properties of information resources in the digital space of banking institutions and their ability to prevent cyber-attacks on the financial and industrial capital of subjects in united spheres of economic activity. The results of the research have shown that the optimal criteria for the index of digital cyber protection are financially linked to industrial capital. The article substantiates the macroprudential policy of Ukraine’s banking sector based on blockchain regulators and fintech technologies from the EU, which foster the intensive development of technological competitiveness among financial institutions. The article can be useful for financial and industrial executives, banking institutions, consulting firms, and educators seeking insights into the integration of blockchain and fintech technologies.

Unveiling the Future Navigating Next-Generation AI Frontiers and Innovations in Application

As a representative of the information revolution, the Internet began in the 1960s when ARPANET was born, and after decades of development and evolution, today it has formed a global information connection and interaction network. The greatest value of the Internet is that everyone can communicate and cooperate in real time across the limitations of time and space, which greatly improves the efficiency of group communication and collaboration, and then changes the organization and operation mode of people's work, business and social activities, and ultimately promotes the advancement of human social productivity. Therefore, the major research program of interpretable and universal next generation artificial intelligence methods faces the major strategic needs of the country in the development of artificial intelligence, takes the basic science issues of artificial intelligence as the core, develops the new method system of artificial intelligence, promotes the basic research and personnel training of artificial intelligence in China, and supports China's leading position in the new round of international scientific and technological competition. In this paper, the next generation of artificial intelligence innovation and application space are summarized, and the application of advanced algorithms is analyzed.

Difficulties in Semiconductor Materials Analysis and Research in China

The semiconductor industry is an important support for the rapid development of the modern electronic information society, so it is important to address the depth and breadth of semiconductor research. This paper classifies and analyzes semiconductors at the chemical level, emphasizes the difficulties faced by the Chinese semiconductor market, and analyzes the semiconductor market, core tools, basic units, software design, and raw materials. Finally compared to the U.S. semiconductor market and technology, for China's status quo from the chip design and material selection point of view puts forward specific aspects can be improved, can be from zinc oxide, new silicon compounds, gallium compounds, and superlattices and one-dimensional microstructures of these four kinds of materials to make specific improvements. It is conducive to mastering the characteristics of market and industry transformation and laying a solid foundation for the development of electronic science and technology, which will help China to gain an advantageous position in the international scientific and technological competition.

Characterization of dental prosthesis based on nano-fluorapatite glass-ceramic fabricated by shell sintering technology

The CAD/CAM technology has played a significant influence in the growth of the dental prosthesis business in recent years. Nonetheless, due to a lack of competitive technologies that support dental application materials such as all-ceramic and porcelain material, additive manufacturing technologies have a weak penetration in this field of application. As a result, the primary purpose of this work is to characterise dental prostheses made of nano-fluorapatite glass-ceramic (NFGC) and fabricated by Shell Sintering Technology (SST). The main and secondary effects of manufacturing parameters on geometry accuracy, material strength, were demonstrated using a multivariable method. The study demonstrated that the proposed method is suitable for fabricating dental prostheses, with the optimal sintering parameters being 700 °C and 30 min holding time. Furthermore, the flexural strength of materials was found to range between 55 and 65 MPa, with shrinkage ranging between 10 and 14 %.

Identifying some Criteria for Assessing Changes in the Lifestyle of Workers in Industrial Parks Associated with the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, in particular economic impact, competition for human resources, automation, and technology, have had a significant impact on the labor force of industrial park workers. Industrial parks are no longer the same in terms of size, development strategy, resources, and investment focus due to digital technologies. In order to provide arguments for the research process on the creation of new lifestyles to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution and for the policy-making process associated with the human resource development of industrial parks and localities, it is necessary to identify assessment criteria for changes in the lifestyle of industrial park workers in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This paper will identify criteria for particular categories, such as: shifts in production labor; shifts in political consciousness; shifts in social activities; shifts in family dynamics; and shifts in the spiritual lives of industrial park workers. After outlining the structure for the criteria, the paper will discuss some contemporary concerns about how workers' lifestyles are changing in Vietnam's industrial parks in light of the Fourth Industrial Revolution's current significant influence.
 Keywords: Criteria, lifestyle change, workers, Industrial parks, management, Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Technological peer pressure and corporate sustainability

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between technological peer pressure (TPP) and corporate sustainability performance. Studying 1536 firms in the United States for the period 2002 to 2021, we provide strong and robust evidence that corporates’ environmental and social performance have a negative effect on technological peer pressure. Our empirical findings support the view that resource constraints and agency problems serve as channels in this relationship. Additional analyses reveal industry heterogeneity of this relation that the negative impacts are stronger in the firm with high research and development (R&D) intensity, in high-tech industries, non-customer-facing sectors and “green” industries. In summary, our results highlight the importance of technological competition in the product market in the knowledge-based economy and firms’ sustainability strategies in competitive industries.

(Invited) SOEC Upscale; Material Challenges

To ensure the transition of the global energy system to a sustainable one, and to meet emission reduction targets of national climate policies we need in future to produce large amounts of “green” hydrogen. This will be necessary to sustain the world’s need for synthesis of “green” ammonia, “green” methanol and “green” jet fuels, but also for use in form of hydrogen as a transportation fuel and a reduction agent in steel making. Various electrolysis technologies for providing this hydrogen via an electrochemical splitting of water/steam are likely to become the backbone of this emerging sector.Among the different electrolysis technologies, available or under development, SOEC stands out with distinct advantages related to the high temperature of operation, most markedly; 1) there is no need for precious metals in the electrodes, and 2) the achievable efficiency is higher than for the other electrolysis technologies. The electrical efficiency may exceed 90 % as the technology can be run thermo-neutrally producing no waste heat, or may even utilize waste heat if such exist for instance from a down-stream upgrading of the hydrogen to methanol or ammonia.In view of these very significant advantages, SOEC is likely to become a key enabling technology for the above described transition. However, the SOEC technology is less mature than alkaline electrolysis and PEM-based electrolysis and is today deployed much less than the other two technologies. The largest SOEC units manufactured/operated today are in the range of ~1 MW. However, numerous scale up projects have recently been announced and the industrial stakeholders are these years investing massively to bring up production capacity and module sizes.In this paper we shall discuss some of the challenges in upscaling SOEC and some of the materials issues to be addressed, when considering large scale global deployment over the next decades.The inherent brittle nature of the ceramics used in the cells has so far limited the size of the cells of most stakeholders to be in the range with side-lengths from 10 to 15 cm. Ideally, in terms of upscaling module sizes, this should be much larger. This however requires great care in the manufacturing, and a tough and strong backbone material in the cell. Most stakeholders rely on stabilized zirconia to provide the structural support. Use of zirconia in the transformable (metastable) tetragonal version with 2 – 4 % Y2O3 substitution holds some advantages over the use of the fully stabilized cubic version with ~8 % Y2O3, as the former has much higher strength/toughness. We shall present our recent results on optimizing composition and processing routes to maximize toughness and strength, whilst preventing unintended spontaneous transformation to the monoclinic phase during use, and shall discuss the consequences in terms of upscaling cell foot-print.In SOEC one does not need any precious metals (PGM-materials). However, typically the state of the art cells relies on use of several critical raw materials. Several rare earth materials (HREE/LREE) are used (Ce, Gd, Y, La) and also some critical transition metals like Co/Mn and Ni. Ni is by EU not considered critical, but is on the list of strategic materials. For large-scale deployment, it is obviously an advantage if the use of Critical Raw Materials (CRM) can be minimized.Introducing performance improvement in terms of increased production capacity per m2 of cell or kg of material is a straightforward strategy to reduce the CRM-use of the technology and is likely a part of the strategy among all stakeholders. Endeavors to reduce the use of one particular material are also meaningful in such a materials resource perspective.We shall here present recent results on activities to increase the competitiveness of the SOEC technology by introducing a metal-support as the structural backbone and replace the Ni/YSZ-fuel electrode with one based on a mixed conducting Ti-based oxide (Ni and Fe-doped (La,Sr)TiO3). Recently, we have found that such a material combination can in fact sustain SOEC operation for extended periods (tested over 5000 hr) at technologically relevant hydrogen production rates corresponding to current densities of 0.5 A/cm2. The results shall be presented and the possibilities to improve the titanate backbone further by compositional changes shall be discussed with special view to eliminating use of HREE/LREE and critical raw materials in general.Finally, we shall present some recent results on how to eliminate the use of Co in the oxygen electrode. The achieved results shall be compared with other approaches adopted in literature on how to eliminate use of Co and even La in the oxygen electrode.

Thin Sputtered Titanium Nitride Layers for Corrosion Protection of 316L Stainless Steel Under PEM Water Electrolyzer Anode-like Conditions

Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) electrochemically split the water molecule in order to produce high-purity oxygen (at the anode) and hydrogen (at the cathode). When coupled to a renewable energy source (such as wind or sun), green hydrogen can be synthesized, which may contribute to a massive reduction in carbon dioxide emissions in the so-called “hard-to-abate” industrial sectors, like steel and cement manufacturing.Yet, the elevated capital expenditures (capex) deriving from the use of expensive corrosion-resistant materials undermine the economic competitiveness of the PEMWE technology compared to the main hydrogen production processes, like steam reforming. To date, on the PEMWE anode side, metallic bipolar plates (BPP) and porous transport layers (PTL), are essentially made of titanium coated with precious metal layers (platinum, gold) so as to withstand the corrosive and oxidizing environment. Consequently, BPP and PTL account for more than 60% of the capex of the PEMWE stack [1,2]. Without corrosion protection, the harsh operating anodic conditions may lead to performance-killing release of cationic elements from the BPP and PTL into the catalyst layer and the polymer electrolyte [3]. It may also cause the growth of resistive oxide layers at the BPP and PTL surfaces and the development of undesired interfacial contact resistance (ICR).This contribution will focus on the corrosion protection of the anode side of BPP and will first briefly review the most recent investigations driven by capex reduction, notably based on the replacement of titanium by stainless steels and the application of novel, more cost-effective anti-corrosion coatings [3].In a second part, results on the corrosion protection of 316L stainless steel by thin layers of titanium nitride prepared by DC magnetron sputtering will be presented. The thin TiN coatings were deposited on glass, silicon and 316L stainless steel substrates using a titanium target reacting with nitrogen gas. The crystalline phase, the nanostructure and the composition of the thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray reflectivity, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The corrosion resistance of the TiN-coated stainless steel was evaluated ex situ using open-circuit potential monitoring and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in dilute H2SO4 solution in a three-electrode electrochemical cell. The interfacial contact resistance was assessed before and after corrosion testing. The protective properties of titanium nitride coatings on 316L under PEMWE anode-like conditions will be discussed.Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the French National Research Agency (agreement ANR-22-PEHY-0009 under the France 2030 program as well as agreement ANR-22-CE93-0008-01).