Different Fields Of Engineering Research Articles

Metal Material Processing Using Femtosecond Lasers: Theories, Principles, and Applications

Metal material processing using femtosecond lasers is a useful technique, and it has been widely employed in many applications including laser microfabrication, laser surgery, and micromachining. The basic mechanisms of metal processing using femtosecond lasers are reviewed in this paper and the characteristics and theory of laser processing are considered. In addition to well-known processes, the recent progress relating to metals processing with femtosecond lasers, including metal material drilling, metal ablation thresholds, micro/nano-surface modification, printed circuit board (PCB) micromachining, and liquid metal (LM) processing using femtosecond lasers, is described in detail. Meanwhile, the application of femtosecond laser technology in different fields is also briefly discussed. This review concludes by highlighting the current challenges and presenting a forward-looking perspective on the future of the metal laser processing field.

ON SOME INEQUALITIES FOR EXPONENTIALLY WEIGHTED FRACTIONAL HARDY OPERATORS WITH ∆-INTEGRAL CALCULUS

Dynamic equations, inequalities and operators are the indispensable cornerstones of harmonic analysis and time scale calculus. We know that the topics in question have many applications in different scientific fields. In this paper, some inequalities will be proved for variable exponentially weighted Hardy operators with ∆-integral calculus.

Study on the Applicability of Green and Efficient Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Based on Exhaust Air Heat Recovery Technology

With the sustained and stable development of the national economy, China has stepped into a new stage of green emission reduction. Under the environment of comprehensively promoting the market share of green and efficient refrigeration products, the popularization and use of exhaust air heat recovery technology in different fields will further promote the green and efficient transformation of the refrigeration industry, improve the industry's independent innovation technology, and accelerate the construction of ecological civilization. This project firstly analyzes the research background, reviews domestic and international research, and clarifies the research background and current situation; secondly, it builds a comprehensive evaluation system for green refrigeration development based on three major energy-saving concepts, and measures the level of green refrigeration development in China's first-tier cities; secondly, it applies empirical evidence based on the data of three districts and cities, namely, Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, in the period of 2011-2021, to analyze the effect of the exhaust heat recovery technology on the development of high-efficiency green refrigeration. Then, based on the data of Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou from 2011 to 2021, we use the empirical analysis to analyze the effect of exhaust air heat recovery technology on the development of high-efficiency green refrigeration.

Is ChatGPT ‘ready’ to be a learning tool for medical undergraduates and will it perform equally in different subjects? Comparative study of ChatGPT performance in tutorial and case-based learning questions in physiology and biochemistry

Purpose Generative AI will become an integral part of education in future. The potential of this technology in different disciplines should be identified to promote effective adoption. This study evaluated the performance of ChatGPT in tutorial and case-based learning questions in physiology and biochemistry for medical undergraduates. Our study mainly focused on the performance of GPT-3.5 version while a subgroup was comparatively assessed on GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 performances. Materials and methods Answers were generated in GPT-3.5 for 44 modified essay questions (MEQs) in physiology and 43 MEQs in biochemistry. Each answer was graded by two independent examiners. Subsequently, a subset of 15 questions from each subject were selected to represent different score categories of the GPT-3.5 answers; responses were generated in GPT-4, and graded. Results The mean score for physiology answers was 74.7 (SD 25.96). GPT-3.5 demonstrated a statistically significant (p = .009) superior performance in lower-order questions of Bloom’s taxonomy in comparison to higher-order questions. Deficiencies in the application of physiological principles in clinical context were noted as a drawback. Scores in biochemistry were relatively lower with a mean score of 59.3 (SD 26.9) for GPT-3.5. There was no statistically significant difference in the scores for higher and lower-order questions of Bloom’s taxonomy. The deficiencies highlighted were lack of in-depth explanations and precision. The subset of questions where the GPT-4 and GPT-3.5 were compared demonstrated a better overall performance in GPT-4 responses in both subjects. This difference between the GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 performance was statistically significant in biochemistry but not in physiology. Conclusions The differences in performance across the two versions, GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 across the disciplines are noteworthy. Educators and students should understand the strengths and limitations of this technology in different fields to effectively integrate this technology into teaching and learning.

Non-contact reconstitution of the traction distribution using incomplete deformation measurements: Methodology and experimental validation

Traction distribution is often unknown in solid mechanics. However, identifying traction distribution with both high accuracy and spatial resolution can sometimes be critical. In this paper, we consider the frequent situation where incomplete deformation measurements, such as partial surface measurements obtained by digital image correlation, are available. For such situations, we propose to achieve the complete identification of boundary tractions, using an optimization based inverse method. The feasibility and robustness of the proposed approach are firstly assessed with numerical simulations. We show that complete traction distributions can be identified with high accuracy even when there is noise added to the deformation measurements. More specifically, the relative error was less than 3% even with 10% noise. Moreover, the effect of noise depends significantly on the level of incompleteness of the deformation data. We show for instance that when the measurement area is 8.3% of the solid, the relative error can be 5 times larger than when the measurement area is 33.3%. However, even with 8.3% deformation measurement area of the solid, the relative error of the mapped traction distribution can be less than 6%. Besides, the accuracy of the mapped traction distribution can be further improved if the region of the deformation measurement is closer to the traction boundary. We eventually validate the proposed inverse approach using incomplete experimental datasets consisting in tensile tests carried out on two elastic samples. We obtain very promising results, with relative errors below 4% using the measured displacements of only 3 points, which is promising to open potential applications in different fields of engineering.

Stone rocks are a valuable building material

In the modern world, new technologies in different fields of knowledge are constantly emerging every minute. In modern construction, there is a tendency for new building materials to appear. A valuable primitive building material is stone. It is also worth noting that this building material has survived to the present day and is still appreciated in the construction industry. There are deposits of valuable rock in the Rostov region. The deposits of the Meshkov stone rocks are located in the north of the Rostov region. Stone is mined for the construction of buildings, fences and other structures. It is worth emphasizing that the presented deposits of stone rocks are located on the surface of the earth, and represent a stone forest – a wonderful natural creation.

Advancing viscoelastic material modeling : Tackling time-dependent behavior with fractional calculus

A combination of inherent unique stress-strain response features, Viscoelastic Materials (VM) provide an integral part in many different fields of engineering. Although practical, these materials’ highly complex time-dependent methods according to non-linear loading scenarios are impossible to model using conventional viscoelastic models such as Maxwell and Kelvin-Voigt. The present study introduces a framework that pushes over traditional Maxwell and Kelvin-Voigt approaches by employing fractional calculus in order to enhance the prediction of VM performance. The mathematical representation makes use of the Caputo fractional derivative for expressing an artificial viscoelastic polymer’s non-linear and time-dependent responses. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Stress Relaxation Tests (SRT) proved the polymer possessed 1500 MPa fractional modulus and 0.65 fractional order, respectively. The resulting model involved more significant computing resources, but contrasting testing indicated that it accurately depicted stress relaxation and dynamic responses. As mentioned, the technique integrates mathematical and actual viscoelasticity for industrial uses while offering a precise basis for advanced material analysis.

A multi-perspective method for gear efficiency and contact analysis

Modern gearing applications, in particular electrification, impose new challenges in many different fields of engineering and research. In specific, new demands are imposed on gears, including higher rotational speed, lower noise acceptance, and increased efficiency, as well as increased resistance against pitting and scuffing. To meet these demands, a better understanding of gear contacts is needed. The Eurostars project Effigears proposes a novel multi-perspective methodology for assessment of gear efficiency and contact analysis. The methodology consists of using a novel surface treatment method, Triboconditioning®, implemented in a streamfinishing process, surface measurements using a scattered light method, experimental testing using the standardized FZG test rig, and contact simulations using a novel thermal elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication tool. It is found, in preliminary tests, that enhanced gear performance may be enhanced due to Triboconditioning® surface treatment. Findings also include better understanding of how surface characteristics and lubricants affect scuffing and pitting, and the effect of load distribution on gearset behavior.

Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Virtual Reality Technology in Gaming

Virtual reality has an exciting future in gaming. With the ability to fully immerse players in unique and engaging virtual worlds, VR technology offers a new level of gameplay and interactivity. As the technology continues to improve and becomes more accessible, it is likely to become an increasingly popular way to experience games. The related research has analyzed the using of VR technology in different fields and the advantage of the technology, but the research that analyze the advantages and disadvantages is rare. This article analyzes the advantage and disadvantage of the VR technology in the gaming field by comparing the VR to the PC and console. It focuses on the differences between VR games and PC games, as well as the related advantages and characteristics. At last, the article expect that the VR technology will have a great development and will tackle the disadvantages.

The existing motion capture technologies and their application

Motion Capture technology refers to the technology of recording and processing the actions of people or other objects, and generating corresponding virtual asset action animations. It has been widely used in our daily life. Virtual characters like Hulk, Gollm, and Avatar were all built based on the technology. It can also be applied to sports analysis, human biomechanics, automotive, virtual reality, etc, showing its huge application prospects. Specifically, 3D Motion Capture Market was forecast to reach $270.9 million by 2026 suggested by industry ARC. To help readers get familiar with the field without much background knowledge, this paper reviews the origin of the motion capture technology, the way motion capture technology was realized and the mainstream methodologies of capturing motion. This paper provides the reader with some existing applications of motion capture technology in different fields so that the reader can understand the importance of the technique. Readers can also get some insight into what future studies may be focused on and if there is any promotion of the motion-capturing methods.

The advance of non-digital-currency application with blockchain

With the vigorous development of blockchain technology, its decentralization, privacy, convenience, and other characteristics make it shine in the financial field. Today, blockchain technology has gradually been widely integrated into government, the Internet of Things, supply chain management, healthcare, and other areas. It can change the traditional centralized data management model and provide distributed and decentralized data storage and management methods. This method has higher security, transparency, and reliability, which can solve the problems existing in traditional data management methods and improve the efficiency and reliability of data management. In the meantime, using new technologies also brings many practical problems to solve. These include insufficient technology maturity, privacy concerns, and volatile legal and regulatory policies. This paper delves into these real-world scenarios and summarizes some recommendations. This will give a greater understanding of the principles and characteristics of blockchain technology, promote the popularization of blockchain technology, have a more comprehensive understanding of the use of blockchain technology in different fields, and provide valuable research materials for researchers in related fields in the future.

Blockchain Technology Research and Application: A Literature Review and Future Trends

Blockchain, as the foundation for cryptocurrencies, has recently garnered significant attention. It serves as an immutable distributed ledger technology, which allows transactions to be carried out reliably in a decentralized environment. Blockchain-based applications are emerging, covering numerous fields, including financial services, reputation systems, the Internet of Things (IoT), and more. However, blockchain technology still faces several challenges, such as scalability, security, and other unresolved issues that need to be overcome. This article provides a comprehensive overview of blockchain technology and its applications. We commence with a summary of the development of blockchain, followed by an examination of the blockchain architecture and a systematic review of the research and application of blockchain technology in different fields from the perspectives of academic research and industry technology. Additionally, we briefly outline the technical challenges and recent developments. We also explore possible future trends in blockchain.

Current Status and Application Analysis of Solar Photothermal and Optoelectronic Technology

With the development of society, energy issues have been increasingly valued. Solar energy, as an emerging energy source, has received widespread attention. This article conducts in-depth research on the application of solar technology in different fields. Firstly, the basic principles of solar photothermal technology and solar photothermal technology are analyzed. Secondly, the applications of photothermal and photovoltaic technology in different fields are introduced. Finally, the development status of solar photothermal and photovoltaic technology is discussed.

Second Law Investigation in a Non-Newtonian Liquid Flow in a Porous Channel with Circular Obstacle

The problem of non-Newtonian fluid flow has taken considerable interest and has been the subject of several work in latest years due to its various requests in different fields of engineering, in particular the interest in the problems of heat transfer in non-Newtonian liquids, such as lubrication, hot rolling, cooling problem and drag reduction. Here, mixed convection heat transport and its related entropy production in a porous channel with circular obstacle saturated via non-Newtonian power law liquid has been scrutinized. The influences on entropy production of the power law index, the Reynolds number, the Rayleigh number and the Darcy number are investigated. Being a novelty of this work, an optimization study of the thermodynamic irreversibility as a function of the channel inclination angle and the power law index is undertaken. The governing equations of the problem are solved employing the COMSOL software. Outcomes illustrate that the governing parameters strongly affect the entropy production. The thermal entropy generation is maximal at low value of power law index and high value of Reynolds number. The effect of Reynolds number become insignificant at relatively high power law index. At fixed Reynolds number value, a rise in the power index (n) leads to a reduce in the thermal entropy. This decrease is tiny, at low value of Reynolds number (Re) and turn into increasingly considerable as Re rises. The streamlines show the existence of two recirculation zones just after the circular obstacle, whose existence depends on both Re and power law index. Results show that the greatest variation relating to the inclination angle is for power law index equal to 0.4. Results indicate also that, at low Darcy number and relatively high power law index, the intrinsic effect of the modified Darcy number on Darcy viscous irreversibility become pronounced giving a sharp increase in the total entropy production.

Application of Microwave Technology in Different Fields for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction

In today's world, security of energy supply and greenhouse gas emissions due to rising energy demand are seriously threatening sustainable energy development, and it is urgent to promote energy structure reform. Microwave, as a clean and environmentally friendly green energy source, has developed rapidly in recent years. Unlike traditional heating methods, microwave heating generates heat through the random motion of polar molecules. This results in microwave heating having the advantages of selective heating, fast temperature rise, easy control and high heating efficiency. This allows microwaves to make a contribution in advancing the reform. of the energy mix. This paper investigates the use of microwave technology in different industries to save energy and reduce emissions. It finds that in the ironmaking industry, microwaves can speed up the reduction time of iron ore, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, while making iron ore more easier to crush and magnetically sort during iron ore pretreatment process. In the food industry, microwaves can reduce the time required to cook and dry, and maximise the retention of nutrients in food. In the field of waste recycling, microwaves reduce the volume of bottom radioactive waste in a shorter time and improve the efficiency of desulphurisation of waste rubber. In the Budur reaction, microwaves reduce the temperature required for the reaction and increase the conversion of carbon dioxide. After summarising the advantages of microwave technology, this paper also analyses the current shortcomings of microwave technology, introduces microwave-related patents and concludes with an outlook on the future of microwave technology.

Information and Communication Technologies in the Development of Online Media in China

The research objective is to take multimedia technology as an example, analyze the role of information and communication technology in different fields, and explain the application of information and communication technology. In order to achieve this goal, the following research objectives have been established: 1. Explore the multifaceted development of multimedia technology. 2. Research and analyze the impact of information retrieval technology on multimedia technology. 3. By analyzing and comparing the research objects of information technology and multimedia technology. The research topic is the application of information and communication technology in the development of Chinese online media. Research methods: literature research, Content analysis, comparative analysis, thematic analysis. Possible practical applications: mass media, scientific fields. Information and communication technology has changed people's traditional media development model, providing people with many convenient, comprehensive, and diverse services, and has a wide range of applications in various fields of society. The development of Chinese online media has shown trends such as universality, intelligence, and speed. We must fully understand the characteristics and advantages of Chinese online media development, and apply information and communication technology to various fields to create more and greater value.

Analytical technique for solving strongly nonlinear oscillator differential equations

The main motivation of this paper is to apply general formulas of the gamma function to find the analytical solutions of some types of nonlinear differential equations with recognizable simplicity and less calculation compared to other existing analytical methods in the literature. The simplicity and accuracy of the Gamma function method (GFM) in solving strongly nonlinear differential equations can be displayed through three practical examples arising in many different fields of engineering and science. The results obtained analytically are compared with the well-known analytical methods already published in the literature, such as Akbari-Ganji's method (AGM), homotopy perturbation method (HPM), and exact numerical solutions to confirm the efficiency of GFM. Excellent agreement is found between the analytical solutions and the exact numerical ones. Accordingly, the GFM is more reliable for exploring approximate solutions for strongly nonlinear oscillators. Moreover, the GFM can be easily extended to other nonlinear problems and is, therefore, very applicable in engineering and applied sciences.

Reproducing Kernel Method with Global Derivative

Ordinary differential equations describe several phenomena in different fields of engineering and physics. Our aim is to use the reproducing kernel Hilbert space method (RKHSM) to find a solution to some ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that are described by using the global derivative. In this research, we used the RKHSM to construct new numerical solutions for nonlinear ODEs with global derivative. The used method systematically produces analytic and approximate solutions in the series’s form. We tested three applications for showing the performance of the RKHSM.

A Review of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Second-Language Learning

Professionals are implementing artificial intelligence (AI) technology in different fields owing to its diverse uses and benefits. Similarly, AI professionals are also beginning to implement AI technology in foreign-language education and second-language learning. Therefore, through a systematic literature review, this paper analyzes the role of AI in helping learners of a second language to master pronunciation. A detailed and in-depth search of different well-known databases was conducted, and of 116 articles, only 39 were selected for this paper. AI algorithms can advance language learning and acquisition in almost every dialect and could be significant for different parties in different ways. For example, organizations could utilize AI technology to develop their workers’ knowledge; individual learners could use AI technology to facilitate their studies anywhere and anytime; and traditional learning institutions could incorporate AI-powered methods of language learning to diversify learners’ opportunities. There are many benefits to employing AI in language learning, particularly in second-language learning.

Topological indices and entropy of twisted cylinder‐nonorientable hexagonal Mobius strip

AbstractMobius strip is an infinite loop having one‐sided surface with no boundaries, also known as twisted cylinder. Möbius strips being widely used in different fields of engineering are of important nature in research. Being different in sizes and shapes, these can be visualized in Euclidean space but few cannot be. Topology of Mobius strips makes it a rare Euclidean representation of the infinite nature. Researchers expanded this concept and generalized it in the form of Klein bottles. In this article, we have derived various polynomials and respective topological indices for the Hexagonal Möbius graphs having each face as a hexagon. Also, inverse relationship between heat of formation and crystal size is developed for the calculated indices.