Technical Condition Research Articles

Methodology development for assessing the reliability and quality of engineering protection to ensure the stability of the motorways earth bed

The analysis of regulatory documentation compliance in the reliability assessment field of engineering protection systems with the current scientific and technical level has been carried out. The analysis of the adopted technical regulations for the retaining walls design has revealed a significant drawback — the lack of a consistent algorithm of actions for transport works facilities diagnostics. In the framework of the current research a methodology for assessing the retaining walls operational reliability and landslide protection works on landslide highway areas has been developed. The article summarizes the main deformations of engineering protection structures, allowing to determine the retaining structures technical condition located in the territories prone to landslide processes, and also presents the concept of the standard technical solutions album for repair and walls restoration. The analysis of the main problems arising in the design, construction and operation of retaining wall structures and highlighting it from the view point of ensuring the erected structures required reliability and durability will optimize the work process and reduce the number of emergency failures and losses due to their occurrence, as well as through the classification and bringing the documentation into a

Assessment of Suitability for Long-Term Operation of a Bucket Elevator: A Case Study

Bucket elevators generally operate on a 24/7 basis, and for this reason, one of the main requirements is their high reliability. This reliability can be ensured, among other things, by assessing the technical condition of drive assemblies and working assemblies and taking appropriate measures. Carrying out diagnostic measurements enables periodical monitoring of those mechanisms. Vibroacoustic methods are usually employed in operating conditions to measure vibration velocity and acceleration at specific points, and are used as diagnostic signals. This paper presents the results of tests of the intensity of vibrations generated in the drive unit of a large industrial bucket elevator. The analysis of the results in the time domain and frequency domain served as the basis for evaluating the suitability of the drive, and thus the elevator, for long-term operation.

Interpositional auxiliary components in the structure of a multi-topic scientific discourse

The article aims to study the presence/absence of references (interpositional auxiliary components) in the structure of a multi-topic scientific discourse. Today, the problem of compliance with the rules of academic integrity, which is caused by free access to a large amount of information and the often dishonesty of researchers, has become particularly noticeable. That is why it became necessary to control the presence of references to quotations and the author's ideas and the need to prepare them correctly. The purpose of the article is to analyze the presence of quotations as the main type of a reported speech in a scientific style, and to define the use of dominant methods of designing references to the sources. The goal determined the following task: to group randomly selected articles on various topics for analysis; to analyze the presence/absence of references in the texts; to characterize the methods of formatting the list of references; find out the productivity of different types of references; formulate conclusions and outline the research perspective. The article uses descriptive, comparative methods of contextual analysis and reception of quantitative calculations. The research material became 24 scientific articles, randomly selected from collections of scientific works published on the boundary of 2020 s, and conditionally divided into six blocks: "human sciences"; "sciences about the state"; "education sciences"; "sciences of nature"; "social sciences"; "technical sciences". It was found that the most productive model, according to which references to the paper of a certain author is formed in multidisciplinary scientific articles, is the construction «number of the work in the list of used literature» (261 fixations). It must be said that the construction can be seen in all blocks of research, and is more often traced in works on the technical sciences, state and social, episodically - in articles on the humanities.

Strength analysis of welded joints in support structures of heavy machinery subjected to changeable loading conditions

The durability of bearing units of large machines depends mainly on the condition of their welded joints. With this in mind, we developed numerical models of the analyzed bearing units, for which we performed FEM simulations of the stresses in welded joints in several basic load cases. In each of the respective variants the technical condition of the bearing nodes was different and it corresponded to the severity of the degradation processes. Different positions of the superstructure in relation to the undercarriage were also taken into account. The simulations used the hot-spot method dedicated to FEM analyses of complex welded structures. We discovered that the loads have a significant influence on the values and distribution of von Mises principal stresses and their axial components. Based on the carried out analyses, we identified the most unfavorable load cases that generate the highest stresses in the welded joints of the assessed nodes. We also demonstrated that the applied method effectively assesses the stresses of welded joints subjected to variable working loads.

Optimization of Preventive Maintenance Timing of Highway Bridges Considering China’s “Dual Carbon” Target

The dual carbon target is a two-stage carbon reduction goal proposed by China, while the bridge maintenance strategy does not consider the need for sustainable development. Therefore, this article studies the optimization of bridge maintenance timing under China’s dual carbon goals. Firstly, this paper aims to minimize the total cost of maintenance and carbon emissions, considering the continuous effects of carbon pricing and emissions in the context of the dual carbon goals. The CHINAGEM-E model is employed to predict carbon prices, and a preventive maintenance decision-making method for highway bridges is established. Secondly, based on the theory of material residual strength, a degradation model for the technical condition of highway bridges is constructed. Finally, an in-depth case analysis of an in-service highway bridge is conducted to derive optimal maintenance solutions under three scenarios. In comparison to scenarios considering only maintenance costs or those based on benchmark carbon prices, the comprehensive maintenance cost under the dual carbon targets is the highest. In the total maintenance cost, carbon emission costs constitute over 50%, emphasizing the need for increased attention to carbon emission cost studies in future maintenance research. The methodology proposed in this paper is the first to connect carbon prices with the timing of preventive maintenance for bridges, providing a more scientific and sustainable basis for future highway bridge maintenance decisions.

Разработка цифрового двойника демпфера крутильных колебаний судового дизеля при помощи системы мониторинга

The torsional vibration damper of a marine diesel engine is investigated in connection with the development of a digital double of the damper. The development of a digital twin of the torsional vibration damper of a marine diesel engine is carried out using data received from the monitoring system. The rules of classification societies, scientific and technical literature in the field of torsional vibrations and the authors' own research were used. A structural model of the digital twin was obtained with the testing of its functionality on the damper of the torsional oscillations of the main engine MAN B&W 8L27/38 of the vessel of the Turcas project. Conclusions are drawn about the possibility of developing a digital twin of the torsional vibration damper of marine diesel engines and using it to assess the technical condition and purpose of the residual life of the damper. The use of a digital twin made it possible to assess the degree of change in the technical condition and residual life for the torsional vibration damper of the main engine of the MAN B&W 8L27/38 vessel of the Turcas project. As a result of monitoring of the cruise oscillations for the engine-propulsion complex of the tanker of the Turcas project, a definition (assessment) of the technical condition of the damper was given. The assigned resource based on the results of measurements for 11 days is 7 500 hours of work.

Analysis of the Technical Condition of the Road Infrastructure of the Greater Poland Voivodship from the Aspect of Road Traffic Safety in 2010-2021

Analysis of the Technical Condition of the Road Infrastructure of the Greater Poland Voivodship from the Aspect of Road Traffic Safety in 2010-2021

Note on Budaghyan and Carlet's almost perfect nonlinear functions

Almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions have good properties and are widely applied in sequence design and coding theory. Budaghyan and Carlet (2008) [5] constructed a family of APN hexanomials F3 over F22m with a certain technical condition. In this article, we give the number of APN hexanomials F3 and support a determination theorem for APN hexanomials F3 if i=1. Moreover, we construct a family of APN functions in bivariate form and show it is CCZ-equivalent to F3.

Experimental Studies of Engine Crankcase Gas Consumption D-243 With Varying Degrees of Wear of the Cylinder-piston Group

The methodology and results of the experimental studies of crankcase gas consumption in diesel engines with varying degrees of wear of the cylinder-piston group (CPG) are presented. It is shown that the rotation speed has a significant influence on the crankcase gas consumption and the load has an insignificant influence on it. It is recommended to use the idle mode at the nominal or maximum rotation speed as a diagnostic test mode to assess the technical condition of the CPG.

Intelligent decision support system for assessing the risk of failures of complex technical systems

A decision support system has been developed that allows assessing the risk of failure of elements and components of complex technical systems using artificial intelligence. The proposed algorithm for the functioning of a decision support system implements the task of automating the process of assessing the technical condition of complex systems. The use of the proposed decision support system for assessing the technical condition of complex systems will improve the reliability of operating systems with insufficient information about their technical condition.

Modelling Internal Leakage in the Automatic Transmission Electro-Hydraulic Controller, Taking into Account Operating Conditions

The basic malfunction of automatic transmissions (ATs) is oil flow through hydraulic precision pair clearances called an “internal leakage”, leading to difficulties in controlling the AT. There are no sufficiently accurate methods for assessing the impact of “internal leakage” on the AT technical condition in the course of operation. A proprietary hydraulic precision pair internal leak flow model has been proposed in the paper. The novelty of the model is applying electro-hydraulic controller precision pair clearance values as data that was determined through measurements involving an actual object with a specific AT operation period. The authors conduct variant tests of the model to determine the total AT hydraulic system controller leakage. Reduced oil viscosity (approx. 20%) results in internal leakage increasing by 25%. Significant wear of the controller’s precision pair and increased oil temperature (above 80 °C) lead to internal leakage increasing by more than 50% and oil pressure decreasing below the permissible value.

Entropy processing of diagnostic parameters

Modern means of energy transportation are subject to the highest conditions in terms of operational reliability. This is achieved not only by the use of advanced technologies but also by constant monitoring of the technical condition. One method is vibration control, which involves processing the desired signal in various ways, one of which is the entropy method. The purpose of the work is to increase the reliability of the assessment of the technical condition of pipelines.

A Hybrid Method for Technical Condition Prediction Based on AI as an Element for Reducing Supply Chain Disruptions

In the field of transport, and more precisely in supply chains, if any of the vehicle components are damaged, it may cause delays in the delivery of goods. Eliminating undesirable damage to the means of transport through the possibility of predicting technical conditions and a state of failure may increase the reliability of the entire supply chain. From the aspect of sustainability, the issue of reducing the number of failures also makes it possible to reduce supply chain disturbances, to reduce costs associated with delays, and to reduce the materials needed for the repair of the means of transport, since, in this case, the costs only relate to the replaced elements before their damage. Thus, it is impossible for more serious damage to occur. Often, failure of one item causes damage to others, which generates unnecessary costs and increases the amount of waste due to the number of damaged items. This article provides an author’s method of technical condition prediction; by applying the method, it would be possible to develop recommended maintenance activities for key elements related to the safety and reliability of transport. The combination of at least two artificial intelligence methods allows us to achieve very good prediction results thanks to the possibility of individual adjustments of weights between the methods used. Such predictive maintenance methods can be successfully used to ensure sustainable development in supply chains.

A Set of Products for Remote Control of Rolling Stock Characteristics

A modern specialist in the field of maintenance and repair of rolling stock needs to constantly have access to up-to-date information about the technical condition, equipment and location of serviced units. This article analyzes the existing software products and applications that allow you to plan and manage the processes of repair work and operation. The work is devoted to the creation of products for finding up-to-date information about the technical condition of rolling stock units both on a personal computer and in an online application environment. Programs have the ability to be updated and supported, including bug fixes. The use of the proposed tools will allow a specialist in the field of logistics, maintenance and repair of rolling stock to increase the efficiency of forecasting, organization of transport processes and repair work. The algorithms of operation of each software product are formed in the work. The algorithms are presented in the form of flowcharts. The generated database is presented. Geometric parameters and wheelset numbers, dates of the last maintenance and overhaul, location were added to the presented database in accordance with the number. An array of data with photos of car was also created. The article presents a text written in the Python programming language. This language made it possible to fully implement the algorithm of the products actions. During the testing of the programs, the operation of the main functions was checked, namely, the search for parameters by the composition number. The work solved the problem of displaying photos and videos on the screen at the users request. This function will reduce the time to choose a rolling stock unit for rent and control the quality of repairs. The results of the work of programs in the environment of online applications and on a personal computer are presented in the form of drawings. When creating a software product in an online application environment, the issue of data transfer security (whitelist, password encryption, end-to-end encryption, as well as copy and forwarding protection) was resolved.

Wear Detection of Extruder Elements Based on Current Signature by Means of a Continuous Wavelet Transform

Assessing the wear of components in a single-screw extruder and its condition during the process is difficult. In this context, wavelet analysis was used to investigate the wear condition of extruder elements, which yielded data on current waveforms obtained from 1 kHz frequency converters. To date, no tests of this type have been conducted on single-screw food extruders, which further emphasizes the relevance of the research undertaken by the authors. Experimental tests have been conducted to verify the hypothesis that it is possible to assess the level of wear of the working elements of an extruder by monitoring the variations in the frequencies on the current spectrum using wavelet analysis tools. The root mean square (RMS) values of the current were compared for two configurations of the working elements of the device, i.e., new and used. Observation of the frequency variations of the current spectrum values using wavelet analysis tools can provide valuable information on the technical condition of the working elements of an industrial extruder. Therefore, they can indicate the need for prompt replacement of friction elements in order to improve the efficiency and performance of the machine.

Intelligent intertraverse dynamograph of the mesdoza of sucker-rod deep-pumping units

Rod downhole pumping units widely used in oil production are described. It is shown that oil production depends on the mode of operation of these units, which is selected based on the results of the analysis of closed dynamometer charts. Dynamograms describe the load on the suspension depending on the course of the polished rod of the installation, the quality of the construction of the dynamograms is decisive for diagnosing the technical condition of the installation. The trends in the development of existing dynamometer systems and methods for diagnosing the state of a sucker rod pumping unit are analyzed. One of the ways to create an intelligent intertraverse mesdoza dynamograph based on the mesdoza of a pocket dynamograph using modern pressure, acceleration, temperature sensors, STM32 controllers, a graphic liquid crystal display with an I2C interface, radio communication protocols and digital technologies for processing periodic sensor signals is presented. Based on the analysis of existing dynamometer systems and force and stroke sensors installed in various places of the installation design, and taking into account modern advances in technology and technologies for analyzing the noise of the measured signals, the possibility of developing an intelligent stationary dynamograph is shown. This dynamograph must provide early diagnostics of the technical condition of the installation and meet the following criteria: low cost; ease of installation; high sensitivity, reliability, flexibility and accuracy. A block diagram of an intelligent intertraverse dynamograph of the mesdoza of a sucker-rod deep pumping unit, based on the mesdoza of a pocket dynamograph, is presented. The proposed intelligent intertraverse dynamograph will be useful for early diagnostics of the technical condition of downhole pumps and tubing pipes connecting them with ground equipment, which will ultimately help to improve the reliability of oil production equipment. The proposed intelligent intertraverse dynamograph can also be used in other areas of technology where there is a need to measure force.

ROLE OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN ENSURING FIRE AND INDUSTRIAL SAFETY OF OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES

Ensuring fire and industrial safety in the oil and gas industry is a necessary and at the same time a complex process, since it includes many factors of different directions, depending not only on the flow of the technological process, the operation of equipment, which cannot be foreseen without additional diagnostic and control systems, as well as on parameters and indicators laid down at the design stage of the facility. That is why ensuring fire and industrial safety of oil and gas production processes requires new approaches and solutions.Aim of research: implementation of a decision support system to ensure fire and industrial safety of oil and gas production technological processes.Research methods: detection and identification of defects with their subsequent integration into systems for remote monitoring and diagnostics of technical condition.Compliance with the requirements of regulatory and technical standards in the field of fire and industrial safety, along with the implementation of a decision support system based on algorithms for defects identifying, with their subsequent integration into systems for remote monitoring and diagnostics of technical state in real time will help to ensure fire and industrial safety security and take it to a new level.

INFLUENCE OF DIAGNOSTICS FREQUENCY OF BACKUP POWER SUPPLY ON THE RELIABILITY OF ELECTRICITY SUPPLY

The article is dedicated to studying the impact of the frequency of diagnosing a backup power source on the reliability of electricity supply and assessing the economic risk of power interruptions in cases of backup or its absence. The study was conducted in the context of developing an automatic diagnosis system for power sources based on internal combustion engines, which has gained additional relevance during times of energy instability caused by the war.
 To justify the necessity of installing a backup power source and its timely diagnosis, the relationship between the probability of power interruption before and after backup on a production line is analyzed. The final product of the line results from a sequence of operations, and any interruption in any of them leads to defective production. Based on input data, the cost of one unit of the product and the time required for its production are estimated, allowing for an hourly income assessment for the production area. The time lost during a power interruption, the economic impact of such an event, and the associated risks are calculated.
 Similarly, the situation is considered, but with backup in place, taking into account the operational readiness of the backup power source. It is assumed that the technical condition of the backup power source may randomly deteriorate and remain in that state until it is actually restored. The probabilities of power interruption and the associated risks under these conditions are calculated. The obtained data is compared, and recommendations are provided for increasing the reliability of backup.
 The results of the research reveal that the installation of a backup power source significantly reduces the risk of power interruption. The inspection period for the diesel generator can be reduced to enhance the reliability of backup, with the maximum level achieved through the use of an automatic diagnosis system for the diesel generator's condition.

AN INTELLIGENT MULTI-SENSOR SYSTEM FOR IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT USING WI-FI

The modern stage of industrial development is characterized by an increasing need for systems to monitor the condition and efficient functioning of electrical equipment. Breakdown or unplanned stoppage of an electromechanical system engine is accompanied by significant economic losses for enterprises. Therefore, the current stage of industrial development is characterized by an increasing need for systems for monitoring the condition and efficient functioning of electrical equipment.
 As a result, due to the rapid development of precision manufacturing technologies, many studies have been conducted in the field of multi-sensor measurement and data fusion technologies to improve monitoring capabilities in terms of measurement accuracy and information richness, thereby increasing production efficiency and accuracy. In a multi-sensor system, each sensor independently measures certain parameters. The system then uses an appropriate signal processing algorithm to combine all the independent measurements into a complete set of measurement results.
 An accurate assessment of the technical condition makes it possible to predict the term of the next repair of the equipment, increases the reliability and efficiency of its operation, reduces the damage from downtime of the equipment due to accidents, the costs of repair and restoration of operability, reduces the costs of maintenance and operation of the equipment.
 This article presents an overview of an intelligent multi-sensor system for monitoring the process and technological state of electrical equipment. Which in real time with the help of sensors makes it possible to obtain information from the environment and draw conclusions about the condition of the diagnosed equipment. The technology of an intelligent multi-sensor system for identification and assessment of the technical condition of electrical equipment has prospects for wide application in industries. Thanks to the most compact dimensions of the installation, we have the opportunity to take measurements in hard-to-reach places, without removing the equipment from work, which minimizes losses from downtime. Also, the use of this system allows detecting the development of a defect in the early stages of development, which prevents and significantly reduces the cost of repairing power equipment when it is out of service.

ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE TECHNICAL STATUS OF A SAMPLE OF MILITARY EQUIPMENT FOR NAVY UNITS DURING ITS LIFE CYCLE

The analysis of the existing methods of determining the effectiveness of the maintenance and repair system of new and newest types of weapons and military equipment entering service in the units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine showed that each of the existing approaches has its advantages and disadvantages. The article considers the application of adequate models for determining changes in the technical condition indicator in the form of a normalized residual resource of samples of weapons and military equipment. The proposed method of extrapolation makes it possible to determine the trend of changes in the technical condition of samples of military equipment of units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine or its development by the time of operation. This approach to modeling the processes of changes in the technical state of samples of weapons and military equipment contributes to the quantitative analysis and forecast of the dynamics of changes over time in their important parameters, namely, the characteristics of quality, condition and prospects for updating their fleet. The use of the proposed methods of assessing changes in the technical condition of a sample of weapons and military equipment during its operation will allow timely forecasting of the process of development of changes in the technical condition of a sample of weapons and military equipment and will allow to increase the readiness of samples of weapons and military equipment to perform tasks as intended. at a given level of reliability of these samples. The presented proposed method makes it possible to determine the moment in time at which the indicator of the technical condition of a sample of weapons and military equipment reaches a given or critical level and is a real step in the research of issues of quantitative determination of the level of the indicator of the residual normalized resource of new and newest samples of weapons and military equipment and in solving the task high-quality (sustainable) between-repair functioning of such samples. Keywords: sample of military equipment, technical condition, indicator of technical condition, residual normalized resource, model. extrapolation method, trend assessment.