Leadership Task Research Articles

Living through uncertainty: a qualitative study on leadership and resilience in primary healthcare during COVID-19

BackgroundResilience is often referred to when assessing the ability of health systems to maintain their functions during unexpected events. Primary healthcare forms the basis for the health system and thus its resilient responses are vital for the outcomes of the whole system. Understanding how primary healthcare organisations are able to build resilience before, during, and after unexpected or sudden shocks, is key to public health preparedness. This study aims to identify how leaders responsible for local health systems interpreted changes in their operational environment during the first year of COVID-19, and to elucidate how these views reflect aspects of resilience in healthcare.MethodsThe data consist of 14 semi-structured individual interviews with leaders of local health systems in Finland representing primary healthcare. The participants were recruited from four regions. An abductive thematic analysis was used to identify entities from the viewpoints of the purpose, resources, and processes of resilience in the healthcare organisation.ResultsResults were summarised as six themes, which suggest that embracing uncertainty is viewed by the interviewees a basis for primary healthcare functioning. Leading towards adaptability was regarded a distinct leadership task enabling the organisation to modify its functions according to demands of the changing operational environment. Workforce, knowledge and sensemaking, as well as collaboration represented what the leaders viewed as the means for achieving adaptability. The ability to adapt functioned to comprehensively meet the population’s service needs built on a holistic approach.ConclusionsThe results showed how the leaders who participated in this study adapted their work during changes brought on by the pandemic, and what they viewed as critical for maintaining organisational resilience. The leaders considered embracing uncertainty as a principal feature of their work rather than viewing uncertainty as aberrant and something to avoid. These notions, along with what the leaders considered as critical means for building resilience and adaptability should be addressed and elaborated in future research. Research on resilience and leadership should be conducted more in the complex context of primary healthcare, where cumulative stresses are encountered and processed continuously.

Implikasi Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Aktivitas Manajemen

This research focuses on the consequences of advances in Artificial Intelligence Systems on management practices in the coming decade. Much of the attention revolves around comparisons between replacement and upgrading in the context of Artificial Intelligence and the world of work. According to previous studies, machine learning tools are not only able to replace certain tasks, but can also complement human decision-making capabilities. Based on interviews with semi-structured experts, the study provides an early indication that this may be especially true for managers at the top levels of organizations. However, operational and middle managers may experience a more limited impact, with the possibility that most of their tasks can be replaced. As routine supervisory and administrative tasks are automated, there appears to be a shift toward focusing on interpersonal leadership tasks for many managers. There are two future scenarios that can be illustrated to illustrate the impact of Artificial Intelligence on management. On the other hand, the role of algorithmic management is recognized as a crucial element in the coming decade, especially with the continued growth in the platform economy. Given its potential in replacing operational manager duties, further research into the fairness of algorithmic management becomes a must.

Resources that Help Sustain Environmental Volunteer Activist Leaders

Environmental activism organizations depend on recruiting and retaining individuals willing to engage in leadership tasks on a voluntary basis. This study examined the resources which help or hinder sustained environmental volunteer activist leadership behaviors. Interviews with 21 environmental volunteer activist leaders were analyzed within a Resource Mobilization Theory framework. While six resources supporting sustained engagement in volunteer activist leadership behaviors were identified, only three were sought by all participants: time, community support, and social relationships. Money, volunteers and network connections were considered valuable resources, however their acquisition generated significant additional administrative burdens. Social relationships sustained volunteer activist leaders through fostering feelings of positive emotions connected with the group. We conclude with suggestions for organizations seeking to increase retention of activist volunteer leaders: namely larger organizations sharing their resources to reduce administrative demands on volunteer activist leaders in smaller organizations; developing movement infrastructure groups to build and sustain networks; and the prioritization of positive relationships within volunteer teams.

Implementation and coordination of an ethics framework in HBM4EU - Experiences and reflections.

Rules and standards were very diversely known and needed to adhere to local practices. Good results achieved from webinars, training, help desk, and individual consultations. Was achieved by templates and naming convention across documents. The establishment of the SharePoint directory with uploading of all requested documents assisted collaboration and exchange. Also, a designated task for ethics within the management/coordination work package and the enthusiasm of the task leader were essential. Some, but not all partners were very good at complying with deadlines and standards. All documents are archived in the SharePoint directory while a system assuring updating is recommended. Assured by public access to annual ethics reports. The ethics reports bridged to the annual work plans (AWPs). The Ethics Check by the Commission was successful.

Hybrid Working: Is It Working… and at What Cost? Exploring the Experience of Managers in Child Protection: Social Work

Abstract This study used thematic analysis to consider eight UK child protection social work (CPSW) managers’ experience of hybrid working. Adair’s Action Centred Leadership (task, individual, team) (1967) was used as a framework to consider how managers lead teams through changes in working arrangements as hybrid working practices have become normalised. The themes identified included (i) Task: ease of moving work online, manager perceptions of the impact on quality of work, the experience of professional and organisational approaches; (ii) Individual: social worker well-being, tension about being available versus capacity to focus, impact on work/home boundaries; and (iii) Team: the importance of connecting, modelling practice and ease of communication. Findings suggest that hybrid arrangements were implemented as a result of organisational and logistic priorities, rather than to benefit children and families or the workforce. Though much of the task of CPSW has returned to being delivered as before COVID-19, and individual worker needs have been somewhat considered, the team as a unit to support and contain the worker has been largely neglected through the advancement of existing neoliberal and managerial policies under the pretext of COVID-19 measures. To counteract the negative impact of hybrid working arrangements, future policy focus must be on building strong teams.

PERANAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN

In an organization there is no escape from institutional data archiving problems. Where a system is needed that appears in this advanced era where information systems are very influential on leaders in an education in planning something in solving problems that arise in an education so that the goals of the education will be achieved as planned. Management information systems are also very useful for an education because it can ease the leadership's task of completing accurate and fast data and then processing it into information that can help leaders plan education.

Digital Economy of Northeastern Provinces of China: Modern Approaches to Regional Development

The article provides a general overview of the tasks of the Chinese leadership to develop the digital economy in the state, which were defined by the 14th Five-Year Development Plan and the decisions of the 20th Congress of the CPC. It describes the state of the digital economy within the northeastern provinces of the People’s Republic of China. It shows that digitalization opens up great opportunities for the development of the real economy of the region, business and service market, as well as the diversification of international relations of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces with neighboring countries, that allows increasing the inflow of national and foreign investments into the economy of North-Eastern China. It is emphasized that digital technologies can be considered as a tool to approach the solution of socio-economic problems associated with the depopulation of the North-East of China, the aging and, consequently, the reduction of the working-age population. It is noted that obtaining the necessary result is possible following the policy aimed at achieving a balance between the digitalizationpace and the level of economic development in the Northeastern provinces of China.

Research on the impact of leadership empowerment behavior on task performance - Based on the moderation of employee maturity

This paper explores the impact of leadership empowerment behavior on employee task performance and the moderation of employee maturity in it, based on conservation of resources theory. By analyzing 308 valid questionnaires through polynomial regression analysis, the research shows that (1) leadership empowerment behavior has a positive impact on task performance; (2) employee maturity moderates the relationship between leadership empowerment behavior and task performance. This research constructs the influence path of leadership empowerment behavior on employee task performance, reveals the moderation of employee maturity, and provides insights into the leadership behavior practices of Chinese enterprise managements.

MORAL POLITIK CANAKYA DALAM ARTHASASTRA

A leader needs to have political morals in running the government, so as not to abuse the authority and power that causes suffering for the people. In many cases, they use their control to reap personal benefits while ensnaring the people. This article uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach related to Canakya's political morals. Canakya presents politics in a complex way in his Arthasastra. He did not treat politics arbitrarily with power but formed a great leadership candidate by prioritizing the happiness and welfare of his people. For the sake of its continuity, this leadership task must be carried out for every born ksatriya. Katriya is not just birth, and profession but ksatriya is attitude, principle, stance, character, and all of them combined.

Corruption Prevention Efforts in China under the Leadership of Xi Jinping

The aims of this study are to understand the corruption prevention efforts in China by the Communist Party of China with the guidance of ideology. Corruption exists in every country, everywhere and China is well aware of this curse. The Chinese leadership has learned from history and they have clear goals to make China a prosperous country. China has a history of corruption prevention efforts but the current anti-corruption movement under the leadership of Xi Jinping is more attractive. Corruption in the country can destabilize the country and party so it has become the most important task for the Chinese leadership to eliminate this problem from the country. This study is based on qualitative methods and investigates Xi Jinping’s anti-corruption efforts and his goals for the country. The results of this study reveal that eliminating corruption is more important for the leadership because there is no other choice for the party if they want to make the country stabilize and prosperous. The leadership needs to maintain public trust and support in order to make a healthy state which is possible by eliminating corruption and illegal financial activities from the country.

임파워링 리더십이 조직구성원의 혁신업무행동 및 직무열의에 미치는 영향

Purpose – This research shows the understanding of influencing relationship between empowering leadership and innovative task action and job engagement, to the office workers in corporation and provides implements based on the mediating role in job crafting and those relationships Design/Methodology/Approach – To verify this, the survey was given to office workers in domestic corporation. Total 200 copies were given, and AMOS 21.0 was used to statistical analysis. Findings – Empowering leadership was found to have a positive effect on innovative task action, job engagement, and job crafting. Job crafting was found to have a positive effect on innovative task action, job engagement. Job crafting was found to have a complete mediating effect in the relationship between empowering leadership, innovative task action, and job engagement. Research Implications – For the success of the organization, leaders must exercise empowering leadership to empower members of the organization to make decisions on their own and give them the opportunity to challenge new tasks

GİRİŞİMCİLİK TUTKUSU VE YENİLİKÇİ DAVRANIŞLAR İLİŞKİSİNDE LİDERLİK GÖREVLERİNİN ARACI ROLÜNÜN İNCELENMESİ: MÜHENDİSLİK MESLEK GRUBU ÖRNEĞİ

This study aims to analyze the mediating role of leadership tasks in the impact of entrepreneurial passion on innovative behaviors. Looking at the entrepreneurial ecosystem, engineers, as a professional group that closely follows innovations and the rapid interaction of global markets, come to the fore with their entrepreneurial passion and innovative behavior. In this context, the sample of the research consists of 325 working individuals who graduated from engineering faculties. In the study, the data were collected through a questionnaire measuring scales of entrepreneurial passion, innovative behaviors, and leadership tasks; then validity and reliability of the data were put to the test. SPSS 2.0 statistical program was used in the analysis process. According to the research findings, it has been determined that passion for entrepreneurship has a positive effect on innovative behaviors. In addition, they show that leadership duties have a partial mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and innovative behaviors. This study was ethically approved by Istanbul Esenyurt University Ethics Committee with its decision dated 12.09.2022 and numbered 2022/08-25.

Visionary Leadership Based on Brand Image in Improving the Competitiveness of Islamic Higher Education at UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatulullah Tulungagung Indonesia

Visionary Leadership is a leadership concept whose main work is focused on engineering a challenging future. The challenge faced by universities is to improve brand image and competitiveness in the current competitive era. This study used the case study method with in-depth interview data collection techniques, participant observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed systematically and interactively during data mining to obtain research findings. The research findings show that visionary leadership is able to improve the quality, brand image, and competitiveness of tertiary institutions at UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatulullah Tulungagung Indonesia. The ability possessed by leaders in formulating visions, transforming visions, and implementing visions is an important factor in increasing the brand image and competitiveness of tertiary institutions in the competitive era. Leaders can clearly know the opportunities that will be achieved and overcome the challenges that will be faced in the future well. Leaders can take strategic steps in positioning the organization and are able to get success in realizing the vision and mission of the organization. Being proactive in carrying out leadership tasks becomes the strength of a visionary leader in realizing the vision and mission of the organization.

How hospital top managers reason about the central leadership task of balancing quality of patient care, economy and professionals’ engagement: an interview study

PurposeThis study aims to deepen the understanding of how top managers reason about handling the relationships between quality of patient care, economy and professionals’ engagement.Design/methodology/approachQualitative design. Individual in-depth interviews with all members of the executive management team at an emergency hospital in Norway were analysed using reflexive thematic method.FindingsThe top managers had the intention to balance between quality of patient care, economy and professionals’ engagement. This became increasingly difficult in times of high internal or external pressures. Then top management acted as if economy was the most important focus.Practical implicationsFor health-care top managers to lead the pursuit towards increased sustainability in health care, there is a need to balance between quality of patient care, economy and professionals’ engagement. This study shows that this balancing act is not an anomaly top-managers can eradicate. Instead, they need to recognize, accept and deliberately act with that in mind, which can create virtuous development spirals where managers and health-professional communicate and collaborate, benefitting quality of patient care, economy and professionals’ engagement. However, this study builds on a limited number of participants. More research is needed.Originality/valueSustainable health care needs to balance quality of patient care and economy while at the same time ensure professionals’ engagement. Even though this is a central leadership task for managers at all levels, there is limited knowledge about how top managers reason about this.

An Evaluation of Current Leadership Practices in Secondary Schools in Madrid

<p style="text-align: justify;">This study aims to evaluate the leadership practices of a sample of secondary school principals in the Madrid region. An attempt will be made to provide some insights into their professional profile, their performance of leadership tasks, and the different elements that define their leadership model. An online questionnaire was used to collect their opinions on the day-to-day performance of their leadership role, as well as on the factors that influence their leadership style. From a methodological point of view, a quantitative approach is used within an interpretative framework, given that the emphasis is not on the generalisation of results but on understanding how school principals operate in their particular context. Results revealed that instructional leadership in Spain is still seen as a challenging goal for principals. This is closely in line with the bureaucratic nature of the headship role in Spanish schools.</p>

Next Generation Leaders Programme: A Multi-Methods Evaluation of a Leadership Development Programme for Biomedical Researchers.

Biomedical scientists have become de facto leaders for their research teams. Theories of expert leadership suggest that the specialist knowledge and credibility these researcher-leaders bring to their roles can lead to improved performance. Formal leadership development for biomedical researchers remains uncommon, and it is unclear whether existing leadership development programmes achieve improved individual and organisational outcomes. Our study evaluates the effectiveness of a single centre leadership development programme for biomedical researchers using a mixed-methods approach. 26 biomedical researchers participated in an 8 month single centre multidisciplinary leadership development programme. Participants completed prospective pre-test, retrospective then-test and traditional post-test self-assessments using the Primary Colours Questionnaire (PCQ) and Medical Leadership Competency Framework Self-Assessment Tool (MLCFQ). Pre-post pairs and then-post pairs were analysed for changes using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and compared with a parallel mixed-methods evaluation organised by Kirkpatrick levels. There were significant increases in 3/7 domains and 1/5 tasks of leadership in the PCQ, in both pre-post and then-post paired assessments. There were statistically significant but small increases in 2/7 domains of the MLCFQ. The mixed-methods data showed positive outcomes at all Kirkpatrick levels.Participants said the programme was relevant, interesting and well-organised, with 63% reporting increased confidence and motivation. Participants had a significant change in behaviour, spending 1-2 hours per week on group projects, which were successfully implemented locally. 42% of participants expected these projects to continue beyond the programme. This study demonstrates a local leadership programme can have positive impact within a biomedical research centre despite time and financial constraints. We encourage future studies to utilise a mixed-methods approach to evaluating the impact of leadership development programmes.

MUST HAVE OR NICE TO HAVE? NECESSARY LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES TO ENABLE EMPLOYEES’ INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOUR

Encouraging employees’ innovative behaviour (EIB) is one of the most important leadership tasks and numerous studies have examined the relationships between leadership and EIB. However, the research field is highly fragmented and does not provide a clear answer as to which leadership competencies are actually crucial for EIB. To address this issue, we use a qualitative content analysis to examine which leadership competencies are characterised in the literature as necessary for EIB. In doing so, we also turn away from broad leadership styles and adopt a behavioural-focussed competency approach. The results show that only a very small number of the many leadership competencies that seem to support EIB are considered necessary prerequisites for EIB. Based on the results, we present seven theoretical propositions and a concise model of leadership competencies necessary for EIB. In particular, we propose that the leadership competencies of providing support, communicating a vision, granting autonomy and discretion, and providing feedback are necessary conditions to enable EIB.

Identified leadership practices and teachers’ professional development in Karachi, Pakistan: the moderation effect of training

ABSTRACT Instructional practices can be strengthened when the education system allows teachers to upgrade themselves professionally, and leadership plays a key role in upgrading their professional competencies. In this regard, the current study aims to explore the role of identified leadership practices in enhancing the professional development of primary school teachers. At the same time, the moderation role of training between the association of identified leadership practices and teachers’ professional development was also examined. The study followed a descriptive survey research design headed by questionnaires to collect the data, which was analysed through the different statistical tests. The findings of the study provide evidence that leadership practices contribute significantly in developing teachers’ professional competencies by specifying the benefits of different identified leadership roles. Meanwhile, the study implied explicitly that training magnifies the positive effect of identified leadership practices on the professional development of teachers. The findings further suggest that school heads should perform their leadership tasks regularly and pay more focus to the training of teachers to upgrade their professional skills.

Leader–Follower Dynamics in Complex Obstacle Avoidance Task

A question that many researchers in social robotics are addressing is how to create more human-like behaviour in robots to make the collaboration between a human and a robot more intuitive to the human partner. In order to develop a human-like collaborative robotic system, however, human collaboration must first be better understood. Human collaboration is something we are all familiar with, however not that much is known about it from a kinematic standpoint. One dynamic that hasn’t been researched thoroughly, yet naturally occurs in human collaboration, is for instance leader–follower dynamics. In our previous study, we tackled the question of leader–follower role allocation in human dyads during a collaborative reaching task, where the results implied that the subjects who performed higher in the individual experiment would naturally assume the role of a leader when in physical collaboration. In this study, we build upon the leader–follower role allocation study in human dyads by observing how the leader–follower dynamics change when the collaborative task becomes more complex. Here, the study was performed on a reaching task, where one subject in a dyad was faced with an additional task of obstacle avoidance when performing a 2D reaching task, while their partner was not aware of the obstacle. We have found that subjects change their roles throughout the task in order to complete it successfully, however looking at the overall task leader the higher-performing individual will always dominate over the lower-performing one, regardless of whether they are aware of the additional task of obstacle avoidance or not.

PENGARUH EFEK MEDIASI PEMBERDAYAAN PSIKOLOGIS TERHADAP GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KINERJA PADA KARYAWAN BANK BUMN

Psychological empowerment is one of the empowerment mechanisms that can influence employee attitudes at the individual and team levels. Employee empowerment also helps employees to increase participation more effectively and make things run well in accordance with company goals. Psychologically empowered employees will perceive work as important which can lead to higher job satisfaction. The leadership style that refers to psychological empowerment tends to create high creativity with a sense of commitment that continues to motivate employees to develop skills and knowledge for their performance. The purpose of this study was to improve in testing the role of psychological empowerment on leadership style and task performance of BUMN banks employees. This study uses primary data in the form of filling out questionnaires by 188 employees of BUMN banks as respondents. Collecting of samples using purposive sampling technique because it is based on certain criteria. The data processing method uses the SEM software program.