Analysis Of Structural Systems Research Articles

Quantitative analysis of the spatial distance between autophagy-related membrane structures and the endoplasmic reticulum in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

ABSTRACT Macroautophagy/autophagy is the process by which cells degrade their cytoplasmic proteins or organelles in vacuoles to maintain cellular homeostasis under severe environmental conditions. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, autophagy-related (Atg) proteins essential for autophagosome formation accumulate near the vacuole to form the dot-shaped phagophore assembly site/pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS). The PAS then generates the phagophore/isolation membrane (PG), which expands to become a closed double-membrane autophagosome. Hereinafter, we refer to the PAS, PG, and autophagosome as autophagy-related structures (ARSs). During autophagosome formation, Atg2 is responsible for tethering the ARS to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via ER exit sites (ERESs), and for transferring phospholipids from the ER to ARSs. Therefore, ARS and the ER are spatially close in the presence of Atg2 but are separated in its absence. Because the contact of an ARS with the ER must be established at the earliest stage of autophagosome formation, it is important to know whether the ARS is tethered to the ER. In this study, we developed a rapid and objective method to estimate tethering of the ARS to the ER by measuring the distance between the ARS and ERES under fluorescence microscopy, and found that tethering of the ARS to the ER was lost without Atg1. This method might be useful to predict the tethering activity of Atg2. Abbreviation: ARS, autophagy-related structure; Dautas, automated measurement of the distance between autophagy-related structures and ER exit sites analysis system; ERES, endoplasmic reticulum exit site; PAS, phagophore assembly site/pre-autophagosomal structure; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PG, phagophore/isolation membrane; prApe1, precursor of vacuolar aminopeptidase I; Qautas, quantitative autophagy-related structure analysis system; SD/CA; synthetic dextrose plus casamino acid medium; WT, wild-type

Can a new power system create more employment in China?

The transition from the coal-dominated power sector to the renewable energy-dominated new power system will inevitably result in significant social impacts. Taking China as the study case, we employed an integrated methodology combining the energy system optimization model, input‒output and structural path analysis, to explore the employment effects of the new power system, including the energy source, grid, load and storage. The results show that growth in solar power, wind power, energy storage and power transmission and distribution will have positive impacts on employment, while coal power shrinkage will result in negative impacts. Under new power system scenarios, renewable power can create additional 673–730 thousand jobs by 2030 and additional 2,431∼2,706 thousand jobs by 2060 compared with the business-as-usual scenario. However, jobs losses due to coal power shrinkage will reach 665–747 thousand jobs by 2030 and 3,127∼3,398 thousand jobs by 2060 compared with the business-as-usual scenario. In the meantime, power grid and energy storage can create additional 443–604 thousand jobs by 2030 and additional 2,138∼2,764 thousand jobs by 2060. Though the new power system will have positive employment impact in general, social justice should still be considered when there is an employment structure transition alongside the power structure shift.

Electronic Structure Analysis of the A10 Tt2 P6 System (A=Li-Cs; Tt=Si, Ge, Sn) and Synthesis of the Direct Band Gap Semiconductor K10 Sn2 P6.

Investigating the relationship between atomic and electronic structures is a powerful tool to screen the wide variety of Zintl phases for interesting (opto-)electronic properties. To get an insight in such relations, the A10 Tt2 P6 system (A=Li-Cs; Tt=Si-Sn) was picked as model system to analyse the influence of structural motives, combination of elements and their properties on type and width of the band gaps. Those compounds comprise two interesting structural motives of their anions, which are either monomeric trigonal planar TtP3 5- units which are isostructural to CO3 2- or [Tt2 P6 ]10- dimers which correspond to two edge-sharing TtP4 tetrahedra. The A10 Tt2 P6 compounds were structurally optimized for both polymorphs and subsequent frequency analysis, band structure as well as density of states calculations were performed. The Gibbs free energies were compared to determine temperature dependent stability, where Na10 Si2 P6 , Na10 Ge2 P6 and K10 Sn2 P6 were found to be candidates for a high temperature phase transition between the two polymorphs. Additionally, the unknown, but predicted compound K10 Sn2 P6 was synthesized and characterized by single crystal and powder x-ray diffraction. It crystalizes in the monoclinic space group P 21 /n and incorporates [Sn2 P6 ]10- edge sharing double tetrahedra. It was determined to be a direct band gap semiconductor with a band gap of 2.57 eV.

Design and Development of a Secure Website for Asaba Real Estate Industry

This research work borders on development of a secure functional website for Asaba real estate industry where potential buyers can visit and make their choice. Survey carried out using web research, study of documents and oral interview showed that all is not well with the way and manner real estate transaction is carried out in Asaba. The main objectives of this research work are to develop interactive website that can bring estate owners and customers together in real time without the stress of travelling to locate the property, thus saving time and cost and provide real time information on availability of property through proper advertisement. The methodology adopted for this research is Structural Systems Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM). The system was also implemented using Object Oriented PHP and MYSQL. The new system developed brought effectiveness and efficiency to the process of selling, buying and renting houses in Asaba. This further increased transparency, accountability, customer satisfaction and effective data collection from Asaba real estate industry. Keywords: Website, Real Estate, Transparency, Methodology and Encryption.

On the need to use baby boxes in Russia and other countries

The subject of this study is the normative legal provisions of the application and functioning of baby boxes on the territory of various states. The object is the social and legal justification of the need in the modern world for the use of baby boxes in the context of the implementation of the constitutional principle of the child's right to life. Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights enshrines the inalienable and inalienable right of every human being to life, and, of course, this requirement fully applies to every child. Moreover, the principle has been proclaimed at the international legal level, according to which the child is the exclusive object of protection by any state in the world and society: for example, in part 2 of Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights it is enshrined that infancy and childhood give the right to special care and care. The methodological basis of this study is represented by a set of such methods of scientific cognition of objective legal reality, applied during preparation and writing, as: comparative analysis, as well as the formal legal method. In addition, the methods of scientific cognition of objective legal reality used by the author also include the logical method, system-structural analysis, and the method of legal modeling. The author analyzes the main social and legal reasons for the emergence and spread of the practice of using baby boxes in a number of foreign countries and in certain regions of Russia. Ambiguous points of view on the need for legal regulation and practice of using baby boxes in Russia are also presented today at the doctrinal level: some authors talk about the expediency and effectiveness of their use, others note their uselessness and insecurity, pointing to the existence of other mechanisms for voluntary parental abandonment of newborn children established by law. In the course of the analysis, the author presents the reasons for the need to introduce the practice of using baby boxes both in the Russian Federation and in other countries, and as a result, this entails the need for legislative regulation of the relations in question.

Strengthening Students’ Proficiency in Digital Technologies and the SMART Society

The relevance of the article is that nowadays digital technologies are an effective means of differentiation and personalization of educational activities, they change the face of today’s education, turning it into the top rank of human capital investment in the digital age. The shift to digital education requires the collaborative effort of instructors, administrators, and learners to create and meet educational goals, using data analysis to provide individualised learning plans for students. The article is devoted to the issue of formation of digital skills in the learning process of students. The concept of digital literacy and digital skills, as well as the classification of digital skills is considered. The author proposes indicators and criteria for assessing digital skills, as well as theoretical and practical training of students, presented in the form of several modules. The choice of research methods is conditioned by the peculiarities of studying informatization and digitalization, as well as the peculiarities of using up-to-date information technologies in the educational process. The following methods were chosen: analysis of psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature, descriptive method, method of generalization, system-structural analysis, method of interpretation and semantic reconstruction of pedagogical sources.

Conceptual problems of understanding scientific and technical information in the framework of civil legislation

The significance of the research is established by the distinct legal structure encompassing scientific and technical information as a matter of civil rights. This framework is crucial for the progress of science and technology, not only within particular domains, but also on a national scale. The publication seeks to offer a thorough comprehension of the notion of scientific and technical information as a separate topic within the realm of civil rights and to highlight the distinctive attributes of this category and pinpoint any deficiencies in the current legal structure. Furthermore, the publication seeks to present remedies to rectify any discrepancies in legislation. The research was conducted using various primary methodologies, such as analysis, synthesis, formal-logical reasoning, and system-structural analysis. The publication comprehensively analyses the general normative understanding of “information” contained in the Civil Code of Ukraine and Law of Ukraine “On Information” and the consistency of this concept with the term “scientific and technical information” established by Law of Ukraine “On Scientific and Technical information”. The scientific novelty is characterized by the proposal to distinguish a system of general and special features of scientific and technical information. It is suggested that the form of existence and the method of recording this type of information be attributed to the general characteristics, and the content of information and/or data and the method of obtaining it to the special ones. Turning to Law of Ukraine “On Scientific and Scientific and Technical Activity” it is worth noting that the inconsistency of the provisions of this normative legal act with such a special feature of scientific and technical information as the method of obtaining it. The publication explores the correlation between the terms “information” and “data”. The research validates the theory that scientific and technical information can be subject to intellectual property rights, such as copyright and industrial property rights. The author's work proposes a legal framework to define scientific and technical information at the legislative level. This is achieved through the use of the legal term “obtained in the course of scientific work”

Analysis of the Wall Painting of the Dunhuang Fresco as a Basis for Its Preservation and Restoration

The article analyses the wall paintings of Dunhuang sanctuaries based on mathematical methods of defining features and system-structural analysis. This makes it possible to analyse the frescoes according to a certain common criterion and to identify common and different ones. The method of system-structural analysis made it possible to present the sanctuary as a certain integrity with components covered with decor and decorated with sculpture. The main thematic genres of frescoes by period were analysed and it was proved that, in general, the process of the genesis of plans, structural schemes and wall paintings from the early to middle and late periods had the same characteristics, that is, the features of archaism and simplicity characterized both the number and variety of plans and structural schemes, and the subjects of frescoes. The features of each genre at different periods are determined.

Genesis of the Planning Structure And Ceilings of Dunhuang Sanctuaries

The article is devoted to the study of the genesis of the plans and ceilings of the Dunhuang cave sanctuaries. Based on the methods of graphic-and-analytical, defining features and system-structural analysis, the spread of types of plans and ceilings from dynasty to dynasty has been traced. With the help of a group of auxiliary methods of historical analysis, mathematical analysis and comparative analysis, a general picture of the development of the floating structure and constructive schemes of the Dunhuang sanctuaries from the Northern Liang period to the Yuan period was created. By counting the types of plans and ceilings in each period, a group of the most common types of plans was determined: with a combination of larger and smaller rectangles (where the smaller is the altar part of a square or rectangular shape), a plan in the form of a square with a protruding trapezoidal altar, an altar in outline close to a rectangle or trapezoids with rounded corners, a horizontally elongated plan rectangle, based on squares with protrusions. The most common type of ceilings is fu-dow-din with modifications.

Гейміфікація програм лояльності споживачів

Increased competition in the digital enviro­nment leads to the search for effective tools to attract targeted traffic to websites. Search engine marketing (SEM), which includes search engine (contextual) advertising (SEA) and search engine optimization (SEO), allows toachieve this aim by means of technical settings and consideration of marketing aspects in creating user experiences. The effectiveness of search engine marketing is tested in practice with the help of web analytics, which allows real-time tracking of traffic, its sources, and user actions, which helps identify the most effective tools and advertising campaigns. In the context of the emerging impression economy, improving the user experience of potential and existing customers at every touchpoint depends on the speed and convenience of achieving user goals in the digital environment. Search engine marketing is based on users’ search queries in the face of actualized demand. Therefore, websites that are quickly accessible in search and contain a value proposition in accordance with the search queries of potential customers will be convenient for users, have a competitive advantage by providing positive impressions based on an improved customer experience. This approach ensures that the interests of both users and businesses are satisfied, thus achieving the goals of digital marketing and business efficiency in general. The aim of the recearh is to substantiate the relationship between search contextual advertising and search engine optimi­zation as search engine marketing tools and to identify their synergistic impact on creating positive user experiences, increasing targeted traffic and increasing website conver­sion. In the reseach, the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, system-structural analysis, comparison, systematic, logical generali­zation were used. Based on the semantic mechanism of working with search queries, the article substantiates the relationship between search engine advertising and search engine optimi­zation as search engine marketing tools and reveals their synergistic impact on creating positive user experiences, increasing targeted traffic and increasing website conver­sion. The proposed algorithms for search engine adver­tising and internal search engine optimi­zation, taking into account the technical and marketing aspects of the implementation of these digital marketing tools, help in this regard.

Пошуковий маркетинг у створенні вражень користувачів вебсайтів

Increased competition in the digital environment leads to the search for effective tools to attract targeted traffic to websites. Search engine marketing (SEM), which includes search engine (contextual) advertising (SEA) and search engine optimization (SEO), allows toachieve this aim by means of technical settings and consideration of marketing aspects in creating user impressions. The effectiveness of search engine marketing is tested in practice with the help of web analytics, which allows real-time tracking of traffic, its sources, and user actions, which helps identify the most effective tools and advertising campaigns. In the context of the emerging impression economy, improving the user experience of potential and existing customers at every touchpoint depends on the speed and convenience of achieving user goals in the digital environment. Search engine marketing is based on users’ search queries in the face of actualized demand. Therefore, websites that are quickly accessible in search and contain a value proposition in accordance with the search queries of potential customers will be convenient for users, have a competitive advantage by providing positive impressions based on an improved customer experience. This approach ensures that the interests of both users and businesses are satisfied, thus achieving the goals of digital marketing and business efficiency in general. The aim of the recearh is to substantiate the relationship between search contextual advertising and search engine optimization as search engine marketing tools and to identify their synergistic impact on creating positive user impressions, increasing targeted traffic and increasing website conversion. In the reseach, the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, system-structural analysis, comparison, systematic, logical generalization were used. Based on the semantic mechanism of working with search queries, the article substantiates the relationship between search engine advertising and search engine optimization as search engine marketing tools and reveals their synergistic impact on creating positive user impressions, increasing targeted traffic and increasing website conver­sion. The proposed algorithms for search engine advertising and internal search engine optimi­zation, taking into account the technical and marketing aspects of the implementation of these digital marketing tools, help in this regard.

Criminal group as a special form of complicity in a crime

Relevance. The relevance of this study is due to the high level of social danger and threat to public life and many areas of the state. Purpose. The purpose of the work is a detailed analysis and definition of the activities of organized criminal groups. Methodology. Among the methodological approaches used, it should be noted the theoretical methodological approach, the functional methodological approach, the formal legal methodological approach, the deduction method, the synthesis method and others. Results. It was noted that the theory of criminal law contains a certain range of problems that are associated with criminal liability for the creation and participation in organized criminal groups. To conduct a more detailed analysis of the definition of the concept of organizational criminal groups, several approaches from the theory of criminal law were studied, which made it possible to identify the main features and principles of the formation of this kind of illegal activity. The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime was analyzed as a study of a criminal group through the prism of studying this concept at the international level. It was noted that sustainability is one of the main features that characterizes organizational criminal activity. Using a system-structural analysis, the main characteristics of criminal communities and organizational criminal groups were identified and summarized. The Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan was analyzed and the main legal collisions related to the definition of the concept of a criminal group and ways to counter this illegal organizational activity were noted; in this regard, certain recommendations have been offered. Conclusions. The practical value of the results obtained provides an opportunity to highlight additions to the national legislation for a more accurate definition of the concept under study and increase the effectiveness of counteracting it.

Current Areas of International Labor Organization Activity for the Progressive Development of International Labor Law

Introduction. The article presents an analysis of the current activities of the International Labor Organization (hereinafter reffered to as the ILO) on the unification of existing and the development of the latest international labor standards for two categories of workers. In particular, we would like to draw attention to the lack of international legal labor standards for professional athletes and the necessary norms to protect their labor rights. In international law, there are a number of universal and regional international legal acts dedicated to professional sports, for example, the International Convention against Apartheid in Sports of 1985, the International Convention against Doping in Sports of 2005, the Council of Europe Convention against Doping of 1989. However, there are no issues of regulating the work of athletes and protecting their labor rights in international legal acts.Another issue that requires the closest attention from the ILO in terms of the progressive development of international labor law is the regulation of remote (remote) work. The article examines various forms of remote work, and also presents a comparative legal analysis of the status of a homeworker and a remote (remote) worker in accordance with ILO documents. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study was the following general scientific and special methods of cognition of legal phenomena and processes: the method of system-structural analysis; formal-logical method.Research results. As a result of the research, the authors found that there is a need to develop an ILO Convention, as well as an appropriate Recommendation that would consolidate the minimum labor rights of athletes with their subsequent extension in employment contracts of a private legal nature. Regarding the legal regulation of remote work, the authors also propose to allocate remote workers into a separate category of workers on a par with homeworkers and domestic workers.Discussion and conclusion. In modern professional sports, workers of various nationalities are represented, consequently, the ILO needs to progressively develop new international standards for the labor rights of athletes at a universal level, in particular, it is proposed to adopt a Convention on the peculiarities of work in professional sports. Since a homeworker and a remote worker are essentially not identical concepts, therefore, the ILO Convention No. 177 on Home Work of 1996 cannot be extended to regulate the work of remote workers, therefore it seems appropriate to develop an appropriate Convention.

Analysis of the Main Achievements of the Negotiation Process for the Accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights of 1950 (2019-2023)

Introduction. The article examines the main stages and achievements in the work of the ad hoc group (46+1) based on the results of the past 14 rounds of the negotiation process on the accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights of 1950. The author examines the fundamental problems prevented the European Union from accessing to the European Convention on Human Rights in 2013, as well as the novellas included in the revised draft Agreement on the Accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights, such as the application of Articles 33 and 53 of the European Convention on Human Rights 1950, as well as Protocol No. 16 thereto in relation to the law of the European Union. Materials and methods. The methodological ground of the study based on the following general scientific and special methods of the recognition of legal phenomena and processes in the field of European law: the method of system-structural analysis, the method of synthesis of social phenomena, the comparative legal method, the formal logical method. For certain questions, statistical data was involved in the study. To identify further vectors for the development of interaction between judicial bodies used the content analysis.Results of the study. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the main problems preventing the European Union from the accession to the European Convention on Human Rights, are the specifics of the application of Articles 33 and 53 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Protocol No. 16 thereto in relation to European Union law, as well as the reluctance of the European Union to limit the sovereignty and autonomy of European Union law in order to strengthen the European system for the protection of human rights.Discussion and conclusion. The adjustments made by the ad hoc group (46+1) in relation to the Accession Agreement are very significant and, on the one hand, even unnecessary. They fully cover the observations indicated in the Opinion of the Court of Justice of the European Union No. 2/13 and at the same time satisfy the representatives of the European Union, which gives reason to believe that the accession attempt will have a positive outcome. Of course, if the European Union joins the European Convention on Human Rights of 1950, human rights, freedoms, and their guarantees will reach a new level, since their protection will be comprehensive.

A case study on the modeling and simulation of UAVs

The current work presents the flow and structural analysis of the application design in un-manned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as well as indicates a case of the modeling and simulation study with the ANSYS Fluent and Mechanical programs. This research reveals the unmanned aerial vehicle’s structural and mechanical design, structure configurations, energy-flow and struc-tural analysis, propulsion and firing systems, prototype production and testing, and design flow models. This study aims to complete the unmanned aerial vehicle design by determining its aerodynamic configurations. Due to the complexity of the design, a preliminary prepa-ration for flow analysis is performed with simplified geometry as well as flow analysis. The unmanned aerial vehicle is tested at different velocities by numerical analysis. In addition, different density flow analyses provide predictions about the aerodynamic forces of the UAVs at different heights and temperatures. The thrust results are 4240 g, power became 1711.62 W with 2.48 g/W efficiency, and 12179 [rpm] revolution for 22.2 V voltage and 77.1 A current, respectively. The 5 different analyses are performed in the range of 2.9-12 million elements, and the solution meshes with the lowest number of elements by performing parametric stud-ies with the ANSYS program that gives the most accurate result.

Do intellectual property rights promote foreign direct investment inflows and technological exports in developing and developed countries?

PurposeThis study aims to analyse the intellectual property rights (INPR), foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and technological exports of 32 developing and developed countries for the period of 2006–2020.Design/methodology/approachDiagnostic tests were used to confirm the panel least squares, fixed effect, random effect, feasible general least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares and fully modified ordinary least squares estimator results as well as to increase the robustness.FindingsAccording to the findings for the developing countries, trademark, patent and industrial design applications, each had a significant positive long-run effect on FDI inflows. In addition, there was a significant positive long-run relationship between patent applications and medium- and high-technology exports. Meanwhile, trademark and industrial design applications had a significant negative long-term effect on medium- and high-technology exports. In developed countries, patent and industrial design applications each have a significant negative long-term on medium- and high-technology exports. Furthermore, patent and trademark applications each had a significant negative long-run effect on FDI inflows.Originality/valueThis study contributes significantly to the focus that host countries evaluate the technology gaps between domestic and foreign investors at different industry levels to select the best INPR rules and innovation process by increasing international cooperation. Furthermore, the host countries should follow the structure–conduct–performance paradigm based on analysis of the market structure, strategic firms and industrial dynamics systems.

Higher education system in the Kyrgyz Republic at the present stage

Relevance. The relevance of this study is conditioned by the fact that in the conditions of global changes it is necessary to train a new generation of citizens able to adequately respond to the challenges of society.Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reforms carried out in higher education in the Kyrgyz Republic to determine compliance with international standards.Methodology. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalisation) and special scientific (historical-logical, retrospective, system-structural analysis, statistical) methods.Results. The findings of this study describe that Kyrgyz Republic has gradually implemented the European initiative on harmonisation of the education system for interaction between European universities, as well as reforming the higher education system. It was noted that in the Kyrgyz Republic, for the implementation of tasks to meet international standards of education, a transition was carried out to a credit-module system following the Bologna Convention; developed social partnerships and active involvement of employers in the educational process; an effective policy was carried out on human resources management. Kyrgyz Republic�s education system has undergone two stages during the last 15 years, namely the liberal stage and the stage of comparative stability. In the Kyrgyz Republic there is now an inherent desire to rationalise the management of education, the focus on consolidation and use of European practices has become a determining factor. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of exchange programmes involving students and teachers from Kyrgyz Republic, for instance: the presidential programme �El Umutu�, private programmes from international organisations (Erasmus Mundus, Tempus).Conclusions. The practical significance of this study is that the main provisions, ideas, and conclusions can serve scientists, teachers, and researchers for further scientific searches on reforming higher education in Kyrgyz Republic.

A modified interval perturbation statistical energy analysis method for structural reliability analysis of vibro-acoustic systems with interval uncertain parameters

Structural reliability analysis has become a critical aspect of engineering design for vibro-acoustic systems. With the increasing complexity and uncertainty of design parameters, it is essential to develop methods and tools that can accurately account for all the sources of uncertainty. This paper presents a novel approach for structural reliability analysis of vibro-acoustic systems with interval parameters within the framework of Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA). By introducing the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula and the sub-interval technique, a modified interval perturbation statistical energy analysis is proposed to predict the interval bounds of energy and stress response. Then, the non-probabilistic structural reliability is assessed by using the volume ratio theory. Case studies of a plate-cavity system and a launch fairing model, in which the interval uncertainties in external loads and material properties are considered, are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results show that the proposed method can effectively handle uncertainties and provide accurate estimates of the probability of failure.

Time-dependent reliability analysis of structural systems based on parallel active learning Kriging model

Time-dependent reliability analysis quantifies the failures of structural systems due to time-dependent uncertainties, such as material degradation and dynamic loads. The active learning Kriging model methods are widely used in structural reliability analysis to replace extensive time-consuming finite element simulations. However, they can only update one training sample and one failure mode per iteration, which limits their application to time-dependent, parallel computing, and multiple failure modes problems. In this study, we propose a new parallel active learning Kriging model for time-dependent reliability analysis, which can update multiple training samples and multiple failure modes per iteration. It includes the following strategies: (1) a novel parallel learning function is proposed, which combines the correlation function and U learning function to allow for the selection of multiple training samples per iteration; (2) an adaptive adjustment strategy for the number of parallel samples is proposed, which takes into account the prediction probability of parallel samples; (3) the proposed parallel learning function is integrated into time-dependent reliability analysis with multiple failure modes, enabling simultaneous updates of multiple training samples and failure modes, thus greatly reducing the number of iterations and computational time; and (4) a new stopping criterion is proposed to improve the efficiency of the estimation of failure probability. The proposed method can be applied to series or parallel time-dependent structural systems with multiple failure modes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through three examples, and the proposed method can achieve a balance between the computational time and function calls while maintaining a high level of accuracy in the estimation of time-dependent failure probability.

Hybrid data-driven and physics-based simulation technique for seismic analysis of steel structural systems

This paper proposes 1) a new hybrid analysis technique by integrating a data-driven method with a physics-based technique to perform nonlinear analysis of steel structural systems under seismic loading, 2) two component-based data-driven models (PI-SINDy and DPI-SINDy) for predicting the nonlinear hysteretic response of steel seismic fuses with and without hysteretic degradation. The proposed hybrid data-driven and physics-based simulation (HyDPS) technique offers an efficient approach for seismic analysis of structures and is expected to address the challenges associated with computational cost and modeling uncertainties inherent in physics-based numerical simulations. In this technique, the well-understood components of the structure modeled numerically are combined with the critical components of the structure simulated using one of the data-driven models developed in this study. The proposed data-driven models were trained using experimental and numerical hysteresis data. The results show that these data-driven models can accurately and efficiently predict the nonlinear hysteretic response of steel structural components with and without degradation. Furthermore, the performance of the HyDPS technique powered by the PI-SINDy model is verified in the presence of noise using response history analyses performed on a steel buckling-restrained braced frame.